阅读说明：本技术 一种高精度三线摆实验装置 (High-precision three-line pendulum experimental device ) 是由 魏斌 魏明生 王道光 王光楠 陈尚书 郑凯文 于 2019-11-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种高精度三线摆实验装置,包括支架,上圆盘、下圆盘、步进电机、电机座、角度传感器、霍尔传感器、传感器支架、小磁针。支架包括底座、支柱和横梁,横梁中部具有轴承,上圆盘中部具有转轴,转轴位于轴承中,下圆盘通过三根细绳连接在上圆盘上,电机座固定在横梁中部,步进电机固定在电机座上,步进电机的输出轴通过传动轴与上圆盘的转轴相连。本发明的三线摆通过步进电机精确控制和调节上方小圆盘的转动角度,实现对转动角度的精确控制；角度传感器可以自动测量是否水平；通过霍尔传感器来检测圆盘转动的角度实现对周期的计数和计时；通过单片机进行计算控制,将测量的数据代入公式,单片机会自动得出结果。(The utility model provides a three line pendulum experimental apparatus of high accuracy, includes the support, goes up disc, lower disc, step motor, motor cabinet, angle sensor, hall sensor, sensor support, little magnetic pin. The support comprises a base, a support column and a cross beam, wherein a bearing is arranged in the middle of the cross beam, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of an upper disc, the rotating shaft is positioned in the bearing, a lower disc is connected onto the upper disc through three strings, a motor base is fixed in the middle of the cross beam, a stepping motor is fixed on the motor base, and an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the rotating shaft of the upper disc through a transmission shaft. The three-wire pendulum accurately controls and adjusts the rotation angle of the upper small disc through the stepping motor, so that the rotation angle is accurately controlled; the angle sensor can automatically measure whether the water is level or not; the rotating angle of the disc is detected through a Hall sensor to realize the counting and timing of the period; the singlechip is used for calculation control, measured data is substituted into a formula, and the singlechip can automatically obtain a result.)

1. The utility model provides a three line pendulum experimental apparatus of high accuracy, which comprises a bracket, go up disc and lower disc, the support includes the base, pillar and crossbeam, the pillar is vertical to be fixed on the base, the crossbeam is fixed in the pillar upper end, the crossbeam middle part has the bearing, it has the pivot to go up the disc middle part, the pivot is located the bearing, the disc is connected on last disc through three strings down, the one end of string is fixed on the disc down, the other end winding of string is on adjusting bolt, the adjusting bolt spiro union is in the periphery of last disc, a serial communication port, still include step motor, motor cabinet and controller, the motor cabinet is fixed at the crossbeam middle part, step motor fixes on the motor cabinet, step motor's output shaft passes through the transmission shaft and links to each other with the pivot of last disc, step motor.

2. The three-wire pendulum of claim 1, wherein three leveling feet are further mounted on the base.

3. The three-wire pendulum of claim 1, further comprising an angle sensor fixed to the middle of the lower disk, the angle sensor being in signal communication with the controller.

4. The three-wire pendulum of claim 1, further comprising a hall sensor, a sensor holder, and a small magnetic pin, wherein the sensor holder is fixed to the base, the hall sensor is fixed to the sensor holder, one end of the small magnetic pin is fixed to the outer periphery of the lower disk, and the other end of the small magnetic pin faces the hall sensor.

5. The three-wire pendulum of claim 1, wherein the controller is a single chip microcomputer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an experimental instrument, in particular to a high-precision three-line pendulum experimental device.

Background

At present, an instrument for measuring rotational inertia used in a laboratory is a common three-line pendulum experimental device, three lines are uniformly distributed on a pulley above a support of the device, and the three lines are connected with a small disc. In the experiment, at first adjust the length of three lines and make the below disc level, secondly, the manual pulley of connecting three lines of support top that rotates of student gives the system a rotation volume, then measures the rotation time of below tray through the photogate sensor system below. And finally, calculating the rotational inertia of the system according to parameters such as the rotation time, the length of the thin line and the like. The existing three-line pendulum rotating pot cold tea measurement experimental device has the following defects:

(1) during the measurement, need the manual angle that stirs the little disc in top, dial the angle that must be less than 5 degrees fast, nevertheless the student hardly stabilizes the corner within 5 degrees accurately, and the angle undersize of commentaries on classics, the big disc in below can not change, and the angle of commentaries on classics is too big, can cause the experimental result inaccurate.

(2) Before the experiment, manual horizontal proofreading is carried out, the horizontal state is kept by changing the length of a thin line, and the horizontal state can only be roughly achieved manually by using manual rotation of students but cannot be kept more accurately;

(3) after dialing the disc, the student starts counting, and the time is counted once every 50 cycles, and the average value is taken three times. The stopwatch is used for counting by students, so that a large time error is caused, and time is wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a three-wire pendulum to overcome the defects of the existing three-wire pendulum.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

three-wire pendulum, which comprises a bracket, go up disc and lower disc, the support includes the base, pillar and crossbeam, the pillar is vertical to be fixed on the base, the crossbeam is fixed in the pillar upper end, the crossbeam middle part has the bearing, it has the pivot to go up the disc middle part, the pivot is arranged in the bearing, lower disc is connected on last disc through three strings, the one end of string is fixed on lower disc, the other end winding of string is on adjusting bolt, adjusting bolt spiro union is in the periphery of last disc, still include step motor, motor cabinet and controller, the motor cabinet is fixed at the crossbeam middle part, step motor fixes on the motor cabinet, step motor's output shaft passes through the transmission shaft and links to each other with the pivot of last disc, step motor links to each other with the.

Furthermore, three leveling foot pads are further installed on the base.

Furthermore, the device also comprises an angle sensor, wherein the angle sensor is fixed in the middle of the lower disc and is in signal connection with the controller.

Further, still include hall sensor, sensor support and little magnetic needle, the sensor support is fixed on the base, hall sensor fixes on the sensor support, and the one end of little magnetic needle is fixed on the periphery of lower disc, and the other end of little magnetic needle is towards hall sensor.

Further, the controller is a single chip microcomputer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the rotation angle of the upper small disc is accurately controlled and adjusted through the stepping motor, so that the accurate control of the rotation angle is realized;

(2) the angle sensor can automatically measure whether the water is level or not, and if not, an acousto-optic prompt is sent;

(3) the rotating angle of the disc is detected through a Hall sensor to realize the counting and timing of the period;

(4) the singlechip is used for calculation control, measured data is substituted into a formula, the singlechip can automatically obtain a result, and the automation degree is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-wire pendulum according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure 1, 1-base, 2-column, 3-beam, 4-bearing, 5-upper disc, 6-string, 7-lower disc, 8-transmission shaft, 9-stepping motor, 10-motor base, 11-adjusting bolt, 12-angle sensor, 13-leveling pad, 14-Hall sensor, 15-small magnetic needle.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.