Fluid catalytic cracking unit valve
阅读说明:本技术 流体催化裂解单元阀 (Fluid catalytic cracking unit valve ) 是由 鲁宾·F·拉 于 2018-02-21 设计创作,主要内容包括:一种回转阀,该回转阀适合于替代流体催化裂解单元(FCCU)中的传统的滑阀,诸如再生催化剂阀、用过的催化剂阀、冷却催化剂阀和再循环催化剂阀。这里讨论的回转阀比具有相似流动容量的滑阀明显更紧凑。所述回转阀比滑阀更适合于提供流动控制或节流。响应于控制输入和旋转,以更高的响应度和精度进行流动控制或节流。除了通过所述回转阀所实现的尺寸减小之外,用以实现流动变化所需的控制和/或液压流体显著减少,从而进一步节省了阀的成本,这是因为不需要液压动力单元。省去了液压动力单元还减小了所述FCCU内的阀和/或其附属结构的尺寸。(A rotary valve adapted to replace conventional slide valves in Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units (FCCUs), such as regenerated catalyst valves, used catalyst valves, cooled catalyst valves and recycled catalyst valves. The rotary valve discussed herein is significantly more compact than a spool valve having similar flow capacity. The rotary valve is more suitable than a spool valve for providing flow control or throttling. Flow control or throttling is performed with greater responsiveness and accuracy in response to control inputs and rotation. In addition to the size reduction achieved by the rotary valve, the control and/or hydraulic fluid required to achieve flow changes is significantly reduced, further saving the cost of the valve because a hydraulic power unit is not required. The elimination of a hydraulic power unit also reduces the size of the valves and/or their accompanying structures within the FCCU.)
1. A rotary valve for use in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU), the rotary valve comprising:
a valve body having an inlet and an outlet and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet;
a first bowl rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the first bowl including a first bowl flow orifice therethrough; and
a first shaft connected to the first drum and extending from an interior of the valve body to an exterior of the valve body through a first shaft aperture;
wherein a rotational torque applied to the first shaft at the exterior of the valve body causes the first bowl to rotate within the valve body to control a flow of material through the flow path and the first bowl flow orifice.
2. The rotary valve according to claim 1, further comprising a first rotor coupled to said first shaft at said exterior of said valve body and adapted to apply a rotational torque to said first shaft, said first rotor being selected from the group consisting of a hydraulic rotor, an electric rotor and an electro-hydraulic rotor.
3. The rotary valve according to claim 1, wherein said first drum flow aperture comprises a refractory surface.
4. The rotary valve according to claim 1, wherein said rotary valve further comprises:
a second drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the second drum comprising:
an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the first barrel therein;
an upstream flow orifice; and
a downstream flow orifice;
wherein the upstream flow orifice and the downstream flow orifice are located on the second drum such that the first drum and the second drum are rotatable so that the upstream flow orifice, the first drum flow orifice, and the downstream flow orifice are substantially aligned and share a common axis.
5. The rotary valve according to claim 4, wherein the second drum is connected to a second shaft extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a second shaft aperture disposed on an opposite side of the valve body from the first shaft aperture, wherein a rotational torque applied to the second shaft at the exterior of the valve body causes the second drum to rotate within the valve body to control the flow of material through the flow path, the upstream flow aperture, the first drum flow aperture and the downstream flow aperture.
6. The rotary valve according to claim 5, further comprising a second rotor coupled to said second shaft at said exterior of said valve body and adapted to apply a rotational torque to said second shaft, said second rotor being selected from the group consisting of a hydraulic rotor, an electric rotor and an electro-hydraulic rotor.
7. The rotary valve according to claim 4, wherein said first and second drums are adapted to rotate in opposite directions to control the flow of material through said flow path.
8. The rotary valve according to claim 7, wherein said rotary valve achieves a substantially closed condition when said first and second rotors are each rotated 45 degrees or less in opposite directions from a position at which said upstream flow aperture, said first drum flow aperture and said downstream flow aperture are aligned.
9. The rotary valve according to claim 4, further comprising a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending between said inlet and said first and second drums inside said valve body, and adapted to be fixed in said inlet region mainly by gravity.
10. The rotary valve according to claim 1, further comprising a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending between said inlet and said first drum inside said valve body, and said refractory cone is adapted to be fixed in said inlet region mainly by gravity.
11. The rotary valve of claim 1 further comprising an inlet flange at the inlet and an outlet flange at the outlet, such that the rotary valve can be removably attached to an existing FCCU pipe having a corresponding flange using fasteners without welding the rotary valve to the FCCU pipe.
12. A rotary valve for use in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU), the rotary valve comprising:
a valve body having an inlet and an outlet and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet;
a first drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the first drum comprising:
an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive a second drum therein;
an upstream flow orifice; and
a downstream flow aperture, the second drum rotatably disposed within the inner bore of the first drum and including a second drum flow aperture therethrough;
wherein the upstream flow orifice and the downstream flow orifice are located on the first drum and the second drum flow orifice is located on the second drum such that the first drum and the second drum are rotatable so that the upstream flow orifice, the second drum flow orifice, and the downstream flow orifice are substantially aligned and share a common axis.
13. The rotary valve according to claim 12, further comprising:
a first shaft connected to the first drum and extending from an interior of the valve body to an exterior of the valve body through a first shaft aperture; and
a second shaft connected to the second drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a second shaft aperture located on an opposite side of the valve body from the first shaft aperture.
14. The rotary valve according to claim 13, wherein a rotational torque applied to said first shaft at said exterior of said valve body causes said first drum to rotate within said valve body, and wherein a rotational torque applied to said second shaft at said exterior of said valve body causes said second drum to rotate within said first drum, whereby rotation of said first drum and rotation of said second drum controls the flow of material through said flow path.
15. The rotary valve according to claim 13, further comprising a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending between said inlet and said first drum inside said valve body, and said refractory cone is adapted to be fixed in said inlet region mainly by gravity.
16. The rotary valve according to claim 13, wherein said first and second drums are adapted to rotate in opposite directions to control the flow of material through said flow path.
17. The rotary valve according to claim 16, wherein the rotary valve achieves a substantially closed condition when the first and second rotors are each rotated 45 degrees or less in opposite directions from a position at which the upstream, second and downstream flow apertures are aligned.
18. The rotary valve according to claim 13, further comprising an inlet flange at said inlet and an outlet flange at said outlet, such that said rotary valve can be removably attached to an existing FCCU pipe having corresponding flanges using fasteners, without welding said rotary valve to said FCCU pipe.
19. A rotary valve for use in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU), the rotary valve comprising:
a valve body having an inlet and an outlet and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet;
an outer cylindrical drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the outer cylindrical drum comprising:
an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive an inner cylindrical bowl therein;
an upstream flow orifice; and
a downstream flow orifice, said inner cylindrical drum rotatably disposed within said inner bore of said outer cylindrical drum and including an inner drum flow orifice therethrough;
wherein the upstream flow orifice and the downstream flow orifice are located on the outer cylindrical drum and the inner drum flow orifice is located on the inner cylindrical drum such that the outer cylindrical drum and the inner cylindrical drum are rotatable so that the upstream flow orifice, the inner drum flow orifice, and the downstream flow orifice are substantially aligned and share a common axis.
20. The rotary valve according to claim 19, wherein said outer cylindrical drum and said inner cylindrical drum are adapted to rotate in opposite directions to control the flow of material through said flow path.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to valves for the petroleum industry and, more particularly, to valves for fluid catalytic cracking units.
Background
Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is an important conversion process in the petroleum industry for converting the high boiling point, high molecular weight hydrocarbon portion of petroleum crude oil into more valuable products, such as gasoline. Catalytic cracking largely replaces thermal cracking. The feed to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) is vaporized at high temperature and moderate pressure and contacted with a fluidized powder catalyst to break long chain molecules of high boiling hydrocarbon liquids into shorter molecules.
Modern FCCUs operate continuously 24 hours a day for up to 3 to 5 years between scheduled shutdowns for routine maintenance. In addition to the catalyst riser (riser) where the feedstock contacts the catalyst, the FCCU includes a reactor where cracked product vapors and used catalyst are separated and a catalyst regenerator where the catalyst is regenerated by burning off coke deposited on the catalyst. The FCCUs in use are of different designs, the two common types being the "stacked" type, in which the reactor and the catalyst regenerator are housed in a single vessel, and the "side-by-side" type, in which the reactor and the catalyst regenerator are located in two separate vessels.
FIG. 1 provides a schematic diagram of a side-by-side configuration of representative FCCUs. The reactor and regenerator are considered to be the core of the fluid catalytic cracking unit. Preheated high boiling point petroleum feedstock (at about 315-430 c) composed of long chain hydrocarbon molecules is combined with the circulating slurry oil from the bottom of
In
Since the cracking reaction produces some carbonaceous material deposited on the catalyst (referred to as catalyst coke) and reduces the reactivity of the catalyst very quickly, the catalyst is regenerated by burning off the deposited coke with air blown into the
The hot catalyst (at about 715 ℃) exiting the
The
Due to differences in FCCU design, each valve is typically custom designed for the FCCU for which it is used. Such valves are also typically welded into the FCCU pipeline. The valves of an FCCU are subject to the extreme temperatures and pressures present in the FCCU and are designed to withstand the environment in which they are used. However, such valves often eventually wear out, requiring repair or replacement. While some valves allow the valve components to be accessed and replaced without the need to remove the entire valve body from the FCCU, it is still difficult to complete the replacement or refurbishment of the valve components during maintenance outages of the FCCU.
Some difficulties are inherent in the variety of valve designs used in various FCCUs. The variety of valve designs means that the valve components to be replaced or repaired must be customized to the valve in question. Because it is not possible to fully know which components of the valve are replaced or repaired, additional difficulties may be encountered after the FCCU is shut down for maintenance. Difficulties encountered during maintenance may result in delays that may cause FCCUs to cease service longer than expected, adding significant cost to the refinery.
In addition to the maintenance and servicing problems inherent in the slide valves currently used in FCCUs, such slide valves are inherently unsuitable for the tasks they are required to perform. In particular, the valves of the FCCU are typically required to perform a throttling function to maintain proper pre-valve and post-valve pressures and/or pressure differentials within the FCCU. However, spool valves are less suitable for providing throttling in a manner that provides the desired functionality to the FCCU. In fact, when throttling is desired, the valve must typically be actuated a considerable distance before any throttling occurs, and it is difficult to achieve the desired level of throttling or to maintain control over the level of throttling achieved. As a result, the use of spool valves is inefficient for establishing flow control within the FCCU.
In addition, the spool valve creates turbulence in the flow within the FCCU due to the use of the spool valve to control throttling in the FCCU. The resulting vortex flow causes increased wear on the valve and surrounding components of the FCCU.
FIG. 2 illustrates cross-sectional views of various states of a representative cold case design spool valve that may be suitable for use in a FCCU. The spool valve includes a blind plate 30, the blind plate 30 being adapted to be slidingly actuated to any of various points, six of which are shown in FIG. 2, in either direction across the orifice of the valve (it should be noted that in FCCU, spool valves are typically never operated in a fully closed position; these valves are only control valves). The blind 30 is typically covered with a refractory lining, for example in a hexagonal grid type anchoring system, and a refractory lining is also provided to the upstream side of the blind 30. The refractory lining provides additional wear resistance to the valve.
The spool valve as shown in fig. 2 requires sufficient surrounding structure to allow the blind plate 30 to be actuated along its entire throw distance, plus sufficient additional structure to support the blind plate 30 and its ancillary structure at any point along its throw distance. Thus, the actuation structure for the spool valve typically extends outwardly from the valve by a multiple of the width of the valve and the lines before and after the valve. For example, FIG. 3 shows an exterior view of a
In fact, the design and maintenance of the spool valve is an important factor in the shutdown and routine maintenance of the FCCU. As discussed above, each FCCU is substantially unique, and the spool valve of each FCCU is typically custom made and installed in the FCCU. When considering replacement and/or refurbishment of valves, new components are typically customized for such replacement/refurbishment. The custom design and construction of such components further increases the cost and complexity of the replacement and maintenance process. Spool valves are usually welded in place, and a complete replacement of spool valves involves cutting them off the applicable pipeline and welding a completely new valve.
For these and other reasons, the spool valves currently used in FCCUs have many deficiencies that remain to be addressed by the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a rotary valve for use in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU). Such valves are suitable for replacing conventional slide valves such as regenerated catalyst valves, used catalyst valves, cooled catalyst valves and recirculated catalyst valves. The rotary valves discussed herein are significantly more compact than spool valves having similar flow capacities. Rotary valves are better suited than slide valves to provide flow control or throttling. In response to the control input and rotation, the rotary valve performs flow control or throttling with greater responsiveness and accuracy. In addition to the size reduction achieved by the rotary valve, the control and/or hydraulic fluid required to achieve the flow change is significantly reduced, further saving the cost of the valve because no hydraulic power unit is required. The elimination of the hydraulic power unit also reduces the size of the valves and/or their accompanying structures within the FCCU.
The configuration of the rotary valve also better protects the internal components of the rotary valve than conventional spool valves. The rotary valve may be manufactured according to certain standard sizes and the rotary valve may be adapted to replace certain components therein to modify the size/flow of the rotary valve to standardize components on multiple FCCUs. The standardization of components allows the rotary valve to be repaired and/or replaced more quickly, thereby reducing scheduled maintenance downtime. Furthermore, the rotary valve may be provided with a bolt-on arrangement with an end flange, so that the entire valve can be quickly replaced as required.
Rotary valves are more durable and less problematic than typical spool valves. The rotary valve may be electro-hydraulically actuated, or may be electrically actuated. The packing gland associated with the swing drive mechanism wears less than the corresponding gland of a conventional sliding valve associated with the sliding drive mechanism. By simply modifying the amount of rotation of the control member, the rotary valve is adapted to continue to provide adequate flow control even as the internal components of the valve are subject to wear. Due to the design of the rotary valve, the need for a human presence in the pipeline during refurbishment/replacement, as is the case with conventional slide valves (e.g., during replacement of the associated refractory lining). Additional advantages of the rotary valve will be apparent from the additional discussion herein.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a rotary valve for use in an FCCU includes a valve body having an inlet and an outlet and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet that provides a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet. The rotary valve further comprises: a first bowl rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the first bowl having a first bowl flow orifice therethrough; and a first shaft connected to the first drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through the first shaft port. A rotational torque applied to the first shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the first bowl to rotate within the valve body to control a flow of material through the flow path and the first bowl flow orifice.
The rotary valve may further include a first rotor coupled to the first shaft at an exterior of the valve body and adapted to apply a rotational torque to the first shaft. The first rotor may be a hydraulic rotor, an electric rotor, or an electro-hydraulic rotor. The first bowl flow orifice may comprise a refractory surface.
The rotary valve may further include a second drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the second drum having an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the first drum therein, an upstream flow aperture and a downstream flow aperture. The upstream and downstream flow orifices may be located on the second drum such that the first and second drums are rotatable so that the upstream, first drum, and downstream flow orifices are substantially aligned and share a common axis. The second bowl may be connected to a second shaft extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a second shaft port disposed on an opposite side of the valve body from the first shaft port. A rotational torque applied to the second shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the second bowl to rotate within the valve body to control a flow of material through the flow path, the upstream flow orifice, the first bowl flow orifice, and the downstream flow orifice. The second rotor may be coupled to the second shaft at an exterior of the valve body and adapted to apply a rotational torque to the second shaft. The second rotor may be a hydraulic rotor, an electric rotor or an electro-hydraulic rotor.
The first and second drums may be adapted to counter-rotate to control the flow of material through the flow path. The rotary valve may achieve a substantially closed condition when the first and second drums are each rotated in opposite directions by 45 degrees or less from the position at which the upstream flow aperture, the first drum flow aperture and the downstream flow aperture are aligned.
The rotary valve may further comprise a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending inside the valve body between the inlet and the first and second drums or between the inlet region and the first drum, and adapted to be secured in the inlet region mainly by gravity.
The rotary valve may also include an inlet flange at the inlet and an outlet flange at the outlet, such that the rotary valve may be removably attached to an existing FCCU pipe having corresponding flanges using fasteners without welding the rotary valve to the FCCU pipe.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, a rotary valve for use in an FCCU comprises: a valve body having an inlet and an outlet; and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet. The rotary valve further includes a first drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the first drum having an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the second drum therein, an upstream flow port and a downstream flow port. The rotary valve also includes a second drum rotatably disposed within the interior bore of the first drum and having a second drum flow aperture therethrough. The upstream and downstream flow orifices may be located on the first drum and the second drum flow orifice may be located on the second drum such that the first drum and the second drum are rotatable such that the upstream, second drum flow orifices and the downstream flow orifice are substantially aligned and share a common axis.
The rotary valve may further include a first shaft connected to the first drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a first shaft port, and a second shaft connected to the second drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a second shaft port located on an opposite side of the valve body from the first shaft port. A rotational torque applied to the first shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the first bowl to rotate within the valve body, and a rotational torque applied to the second shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the second bowl to rotate within the first bowl, whereby rotation of the first bowl and rotation of the second bowl control the flow of material through the flow path.
The rotary valve may further comprise a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending inside the valve body between the inlet and the first drum, and adapted to be secured in the inlet region primarily by gravity. The first and second drums may be adapted to counter-rotate to control the flow of material through the flow path. The rotary valve may achieve a substantially closed condition when the first and second drums are each rotated in opposite directions by 45 degrees or less from the position at which the upstream flow aperture, the second drum flow aperture and the downstream flow aperture are aligned. The rotary valve may also include an inlet flange at the inlet and an outlet flange at the outlet, such that the rotary valve may be removably attached to an existing FCCU pipe having corresponding flanges using fasteners without welding the rotary valve to the FCCU pipe.
According to an additional embodiment of the invention, a rotary valve for use in an FCCU comprises: a valve body having an inlet and an outlet; and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet. The rotary valve further includes an outer cylindrical drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the outer cylindrical drum having an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the inner cylindrical drum therein, an upstream flow port and a downstream flow port. The rotary valve further includes an inner cylindrical drum rotatably disposed within the inner bore of the outer cylindrical drum. The inner cylindrical bowl includes an inner bowl flow orifice therethrough. The upstream and downstream flow orifices may be located on the outer cylindrical drum and the inner drum flow orifice may be located on the inner cylindrical drum such that the outer cylindrical drum and the inner cylindrical drum are rotatable such that the upstream, inner drum, and downstream flow orifices are substantially aligned and share a common axis. The outer cylindrical drum and the inner cylindrical drum may be adapted to counter-rotate to control the flow of material through the flow path.
Drawings
The objects and features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a representative Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU);
FIG. 2 shows an actuation view of a representative spool valve for use in the FCCU;
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a representative spool valve and its accompanying control unit;
FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the illustrative rotary valve in section;
FIG. 5 shows an exploded perspective view of the rotating components of the rotary valve of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the components of FIG. 5 partially nested;
FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the component of FIG. 5 fully nested and with additional components of the rotary valve of FIG. 4 attached thereto;
figure 8 shows a perspective view of the components of the rotary valve of figure 4 in a partial assembly phase;
figure 9 shows a perspective view of the components of the rotary valve of figure 4 in a partial assembly phase;
figure 10 shows a perspective view of the components of the rotary valve of figure 4 in a partial assembly phase;
figure 11 shows a perspective view of the components of the rotary valve of figure 4 in a partial assembly phase;
figure 12 shows a perspective view of the components of the rotary valve of figure 4 in a partial assembly phase;
figure 13 shows a perspective view of the components of the rotary valve of figure 4 in a partial assembly phase;
figure 14 shows a perspective view of the rotary valve of figure 4 taken orthogonally to the section of figure 4; and
figures 15-24 show cross-sectional views of the rotary valve of figure 4 at different angles of rotation of the rotary member of the rotary valve.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
A description will now be given of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is contemplated that the invention may take many other forms and shapes, and accordingly the following disclosure is illustrative and not limiting, and the scope of the invention should be determined by reference to the appended claims.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a rotary valve for use in an FCCU includes a valve body having an inlet and an outlet and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet that provides a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet. The rotary valve further comprises: a first bowl rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the first bowl having a first bowl flow orifice therethrough; and a first shaft connected to the first drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through the first shaft orifice. A rotational torque applied to the first shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the first bowl to rotate within the valve body to control a flow of material through the flow path and the first bowl flow orifice.
The rotary valve may further include a first rotor coupled to the first shaft at an exterior of the valve body and adapted to apply a rotational torque to the first shaft. The first rotor may be a hydraulic rotor, an electric rotor, or an electro-hydraulic rotor. The first bowl flow orifice may comprise a refractory surface.
The rotary valve may further include a second drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the second drum having an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the first drum therein, an upstream flow aperture and a downstream flow aperture. The upstream and downstream flow orifices may be located on the second drum such that the first and second drums are rotatable so that the upstream, first drum, and downstream flow orifices are substantially aligned and share a common axis. The second bowl may be connected to a second shaft that extends from inside the valve body to outside the valve body, the second shaft port being disposed on an opposite side of the valve body from the first shaft port. A rotational torque applied to the second shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the second bowl to rotate within the valve body to control a flow of material through the flow path, the upstream flow orifice, the first bowl flow orifice, and the downstream flow orifice. The second rotor may be coupled to the second shaft at an exterior of the valve body and adapted to apply a rotational torque to the second shaft. The second rotor may be a hydraulic rotor, an electric rotor or an electro-hydraulic rotor.
The first and second drums may be adapted to counter-rotate to control the flow of material through the flow path. The rotary valve may achieve a substantially closed condition when the first and second drums are each rotated in opposite directions by 45 degrees or less from the position at which the upstream flow aperture, the first drum flow aperture and the downstream flow aperture are aligned.
The rotary valve may further comprise a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending inside the valve body between the inlet and the first and second drums or between the inlet region and the first drum, and adapted to be secured in the inlet region mainly by gravity.
The rotary valve may also include an inlet flange at the inlet and an outlet flange at the outlet, such that the rotary valve may be removably attached to an existing FCCU pipe having a corresponding flange using fasteners without welding the rotary valve to the FCCU pipe.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, a rotary valve for use in an FCCU comprises: a valve body having an inlet and an outlet; and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet. The rotary valve further includes a first drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the first drum having an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the second drum therein, an upstream flow port and a downstream flow port. The rotary valve also includes a second drum rotatably disposed within the interior bore of the first drum and having a second drum flow aperture therethrough. The upstream and downstream flow orifices may be located on the first drum and the second drum flow orifice may be located on the second drum such that the first drum and the second drum are rotatable such that the upstream, second drum flow orifices and the downstream flow orifice are substantially aligned and share a common axis.
The rotary valve may further include a first shaft connected to the first drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a first shaft port, and a second shaft connected to the second drum and extending from the interior of the valve body to the exterior of the valve body through a second shaft port located on an opposite side of the valve body from the first shaft port. A rotational torque applied to the first shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the first bowl to rotate within the valve body, and a rotational torque applied to the second shaft at an exterior of the valve body may cause the second bowl to rotate within the first bowl, whereby rotation of the first bowl and rotation of the second bowl control the flow of material through the flow path.
The rotary valve may further comprise a refractory cone adapted to be disposed in an inlet region extending inside the valve body between the inlet and the first drum, and adapted to be secured in the inlet region primarily by gravity. The first and second drums may be adapted to counter-rotate to control the flow of material through the flow path. The rotary valve may achieve a substantially closed condition when the first and second drums are each rotated in opposite directions by 45 degrees or less from the position at which the upstream flow aperture, the second drum flow aperture and the downstream flow aperture are aligned. The rotary valve may also include an inlet flange at the inlet and an outlet flange at the outlet, such that the rotary valve may be removably attached to an existing FCCU pipe having corresponding flanges using fasteners without welding the rotary valve to the FCCU pipe.
According to an additional embodiment of the invention, a rotary valve for use in an FCCU comprises: a valve body having an inlet and an outlet; and a flow path extending between the inlet and the outlet, the flow path providing a path for fluid catalytic cracking material to selectively flow between the inlet and the outlet. The rotary valve further includes an outer cylindrical drum rotatably disposed within the valve body in the flow path, the outer cylindrical drum having an inner bore adapted to rotatably receive the inner cylindrical drum therein, an upstream flow port and a downstream flow port. The rotary valve further includes an inner cylindrical drum rotatably disposed within the inner bore of the outer cylindrical drum. The inner cylindrical bowl includes an inner bowl flow orifice therethrough. The upstream and downstream flow orifices may be located on the outer cylindrical drum and the inner drum flow orifice may be located on the inner cylindrical drum such that the outer cylindrical drum and the inner cylindrical drum are rotatable such that the upstream, inner drum, and downstream flow orifices are substantially aligned and share a common axis. The outer cylindrical drum and the inner cylindrical drum may be adapted to counter-rotate to control the flow of material through the flow path.
Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of a representative
The
The
As shown in fig. 4, the
As can be seen in fig. 4, portions of the
The
The inner
The
In contrast to the inner
It should be noted that the inner
This rotational symmetry of the inner
In practice, the inner
As with the
As shown in fig. 6, the inner
The inner surface of the valve body, the
It should be noted that because the valves in the FCCU are typically never operated in a fully closed condition, the
Because the various surface treatments of the
Similarly, the outer
At the other end of the outer
One result of this design of the
At this point, as shown in fig. 7, the
The support plate 88 is then moved over the
The
Once the barrel assembly is secured within the
The removal of the
Figure 14 shows a perspective view of the fully assembled
Figures 15-24 show cross-sectional views of the
As the inner
Even when wear occurs, the
As shown in fig. 15-24, as the inner
The
In addition to or in lieu of electronic or other sensors included in the
While the
While the
In a similar manner, the outer
Similarly, the end of the outer
While the illustrative
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
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