阅读说明：本技术 用于动力系中的润滑和冷却系统的油分配器 (Oil distributor for lubrication and cooling system in powertrain ) 是由 S·卡尔松 于 2018-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于动力系(14)中的润滑和冷却系统(60)的油分配器(2),该油分配器(2)包括：壳体(20),该壳体设置有至少一个第一油入口(22)以及至少两个油出口(26、28),其中,第一油出口(26)连接到第一油室(30),并且其中,第二油出口(28)连接到第二油室(32)；以及活塞(34),其布置在壳体(20)的腔(36)中,该活塞(34)在第一位置和第二位置之间可移动,其中,第一油出口(26)适配为连接到第一油回路(62),并且第二油出口(28)适配为连接到第二油回路(64)。活塞(34)包括沿活塞(34)的纵向方向定向的第一孔(38),其中,第二油室(32)至少部分地由活塞(34)中的第一孔(38)构成,并且其中,活塞(34)包括第二孔(40),该第二孔将第一孔(38)与活塞(34)的外周边相连接,这样,当活塞(34)处于第一位置中时,该至少一个第一油入口(22)连接到第一油室(30)和第一油出口(26),并且当活塞(34)处于第二位置中时,该至少一个第一油入口(22)连接到第二油室(32)和第二油出口(28)。本发明还涉及动力系(14)中的润滑和冷却系统(60)、控制动力系(14)中的润滑和冷却系统(60)的方法、动力系(14)、车辆(1)、计算机程序和计算机程序制品。(The invention relates to an oil distributor (2) for a lubrication and cooling system (60) in a powertrain (14), the oil distributor (2) comprising: a housing (20) provided with at least one first oil inlet (22) and at least two oil outlets (26, 28), wherein the first oil outlet (26) is connected to a first oil chamber (30), and wherein the second oil outlet (28) is connected to a second oil chamber (32); and a piston (34) arranged in a cavity (36) of the housing (20), the piston (34) being movable between a first position and a second position, wherein the first oil outlet (26) is adapted to be connected to a first oil circuit (62) and the second oil outlet (28) is adapted to be connected to a second oil circuit (64). The piston (34) comprises a first bore (38) oriented in the longitudinal direction of the piston (34), wherein the second oil chamber (32) is at least partly constituted by the first bore (38) in the piston (34), and wherein the piston (34) comprises a second bore (40) connecting the first bore (38) with the outer periphery of the piston (34), such that the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to the first oil chamber (30) and the first oil outlet (26) when the piston (34) is in the first position, and the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to the second oil chamber (32) and the second oil outlet (28) when the piston (34) is in the second position. The invention also relates to a lubrication and cooling system (60) in a powertrain (14), a method of controlling a lubrication and cooling system (60) in a powertrain (14), a vehicle (1), a computer program and a computer program product.)

1. Oil distributor (2) for a lubrication and cooling system (60) in a powertrain (14), the oil distributor (2) comprising: a housing (20) provided with at least one first oil inlet (22) and at least two oil outlets (26, 28), wherein the first oil outlet (26) is connected to a first oil chamber (30), and wherein the second oil outlet (28) is connected to a second oil chamber (32); and a piston (34) arranged in a cavity (36) of the housing (20), the piston (34) being movable between a first and a second position, wherein the first oil outlet (26) is adapted to be connected to a first oil circuit (62) and the second oil outlet (28) is adapted to be connected to a second oil circuit (64), characterized in that the piston (34) comprises a first bore (38) oriented in the longitudinal direction of the piston (34), wherein the second oil chamber (32) is at least partly constituted by the first bore (38) in the piston (34), and wherein the piston (34) comprises a second bore (40) connecting the first bore (38) with the outer periphery of the piston (34) such that the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to the first oil chamber (30) and the first oil outlet (26) when the piston (34) is in the first position, and when the piston (34) is in the second position, the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to a second oil chamber (32) and a second oil outlet (28).

2. An oil distributor (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one first oil inlet (22) and the at least two oil outlets (26, 28) are arranged in the housing (20) of the oil distributor (2) such that, when the piston (34) is arranged in a position between the first and second positions, the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to both the first and second oil chambers (30, 32) and thus also to the first and second oil outlets (26, 28).

3. An oil distributor (2) according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a second oil inlet (24) is arranged in the housing (20) of the oil distributor (2) and a third bore (42) is arranged in the piston (34), which third bore connects the first bore (38) with the outer periphery of the piston (34), such that the second oil inlet (24) is connected to the second oil chamber (32) and the second oil outlet (28) when the piston (34) is in the first position.

4. An oil distributor (2) according to claim 3, characterized in that a bypass channel (54) is arranged between the first oil chamber (30) and a further location in the cavity (36) of the housing (20) such that the second oil inlet (24) is connected to the first oil chamber (30) and the first oil outlet (26) via the bypass channel (54) when the piston (34) is in the second position.

5. An oil distributor (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that a cut-out (56) is arranged in the piston (34) such that the second oil inlet (24) is connected to the bypass channel (54) by means of the cut-out (56) in the piston (34) when the piston (34) is in the second position.

6. An oil distributor (2) according to any of claims 3-5, characterized in that the second oil inlet (24) and the at least two oil outlets (26, 28) are arranged in the housing (20) of the oil distributor (2) such that the second oil inlet (24) is connected to both the first and second oil chambers (30, 32) and thus also to the first and second oil outlets (26, 28) when the piston (34) is arranged in a position between the first and second positions.

7. A lubrication and cooling system (60) in a powertrain (14), comprising: a first oil circuit (62) for cooling a first powertrain component (12) and a second oil circuit (64) for cooling a second powertrain component (16, 18), characterized in that the system (60) further comprises an oil distributor (2) according to any of the preceding claims.

8. The lubrication and cooling system (60) of claim 7, wherein the first powertrain component is an electric motor (12) and the second powertrain component is a gear (16) and a bearing (18) in a gearbox (6).

9. The lubrication and cooling system (60) according to any one of claims 7 and 8, wherein an electrically controlled oil pump (72) is connected to the at least one first oil inlet (22).

10. The lubrication and cooling system (60) according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein a mechanically controlled oil pump (74) is connected to the second oil inlet (24).

11. Powertrain (14), characterized in that the powertrain (14) comprises a lubrication and cooling system (60) according to any one of claims 7-10.

12. A vehicle (1), characterized in that the vehicle (1) comprises a powertrain (14) according to claim 11.

13. A method of controlling a lubrication and cooling system (60) in a powertrain (14), the system (60) including an oil distributor (2) comprising: a housing (20) provided with at least one first oil inlet (22) and at least two oil outlets (26, 28), wherein the first oil outlet (26) is connected to a first oil chamber (30), and wherein the second oil outlet (28) is connected to a second oil chamber (32); and a piston (34) arranged in a cavity (36) of the housing (20), the piston (34) being movable between a first and a second position, the piston (34) comprising a first bore (38) oriented in a longitudinal direction of the piston (34) such that the second oil chamber (32) is at least partly constituted by the first bore (38) in the piston (34), wherein the piston (34) comprises a second bore (40) connecting the first bore (38) with an outer periphery of the piston (34) such that the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to the first oil chamber (30) and the first oil outlet (26) when the piston (34) is in the first position and the at least one first oil inlet (22) is connected to the second oil chamber (32) and the second oil outlet (28) when the piston (34) is in the second position; wherein a first oil circuit (62) for cooling the first powertrain components (12) is connected to the first oil outlet (26) and a second oil circuit (64) for lubricating the second powertrain components (16, 18) is connected to the second oil outlet (28), the method comprising the steps of:

a) controlling the pressure and flow of oil to the at least one first oil inlet (22) by means of an electrically controlled oil pump (72) connected to the at least one first oil inlet (22); and

b) the position of the piston (34) is controlled so as to control the pressure and flow of oil through the first oil outlet (26) and into a first oil circuit (62) for cooling the first powertrain component (12), and so as to control the pressure and flow of oil through the second oil outlet (28) and into a second oil circuit (64) for lubricating the second powertrain component (16, 18).

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of:

c) controlling the pressure and flow of oil to the second oil inlet (24) by means of a mechanical oil control pump (74) connected to the second oil inlet (24); and

d) the position of the piston (34) is controlled so as to control the pressure and flow of oil through the first oil outlet (26) and into the first oil circuit (62) for cooling the first powertrain component (12) and/or so as to control the pressure and flow of oil through the second oil outlet (28) and into the second oil circuit (64) for lubricating the second powertrain component (16, 18).

15. The method according to either one of claims 13 and 14, further comprising the steps of: e) the oil in the first oil circuit (62) is cooled by means of an oil cooler (66).

16. A computer program comprising program code which, when executed in a computer (84), causes the computer (84) to carry out the method according to any one of claims 13-15.

17. A computer program product, comprising: a computer readable medium and a computer program according to claim 16, wherein the computer program is embodied in the computer readable medium.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an oil distributor for a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain, a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain comprising such an oil distributor, a powertrain, a vehicle and a method of controlling a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain according to the appended claims.

Background

In vehicles, in particular for heavy vehicles (such as trucks), an oil distributor may be arranged to supply oil to a powertrain provided with an internal combustion engine and/or an electric machine. The oil distributor may ensure that the same transmission oil is used for lubricating and/or cooling the oil pressure and oil flow of the motor, bearings and gears.

The vehicle may also be equipped with a multi-speed transmission. For different situations, the oil distributor can divide an oil flow from a single oil pump into two different oil circuits. The same oil distributor may also be able to change or switch the oil circuit from the oil pump to achieve the most robust and energy efficient option. Thus, the oil distributor may have at least one oil inlet, but two separate oil chambers and two oil outlets connected to different oil circuits.

Known transmission oil circuits may be divided into several oil circuits that are interconnected with a change in geometry, such as smaller cross-sectional passages to create increased pressure to push oil into the next circuit or passage until all parts that should be lubricated are provided with oil. Such systems may require high oil pressures. The parts that can be lubricated are bearings and gears. Instead of supplying oil for lubrication, other components in the powertrain may need to be cooled by oil. Instead of the high oil pressure required for lubrication, an increased oil flow is required to cool these components. The components that can be cooled by the oil flow are motors, bearings and gears.

Document EP2667053a2 shows a cooling device for a motor vehicle powertrain, which is provided with a cooling fluid circuit controlled such that delivered fluid is supplied to a friction clutch or an electric machine as required.

Disclosure of Invention

The required oil flow to eliminate heat loss from the motor can be very high. Therefore, it may be difficult to design an oil system that cools and lubricates through the same oil circuit. The use of increased oil flow for cooling may result in bearings and gears being lubricated by oil splashes and baths from the same oil circuit. Alternatively, two separate and independently controlled oil systems may be used, each optimized for its specific purpose. However, such a separate oil system may be disadvantageous for cost and maintenance reasons.

There is a need for further development of an oil distributor for lubrication and cooling systems in powertrains that can independently optimize cooling and lubrication by its required parameters to achieve high cooling oil flow for hot components and pressurized circulating oil for lubrication of components.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop an oil distributor for a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain, which can optimize cooling and lubrication independently by its required parameters to achieve a high cooling oil flow for hot components and a pressurized circulating oil for lubrication of the components.

The object mentioned herein may be achieved by the above-mentioned oil distributor for a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain according to the appended claims.

According to the invention, the oil distributor may comprise: a housing provided with at least one first oil inlet and at least two oil outlets. The first oil outlet may be connected to the first oil chamber, and the second oil outlet may be connected to the second oil chamber. The piston may be disposed in the cavity of the housing. The piston may be movable between a first position and a second position. The first oil outlet may be adapted to be connected to a first oil circuit. The second oil outlet may be adapted to be connected to a second oil circuit. The piston may include a first bore oriented in a longitudinal direction of the piston. The second oil chamber may be at least partly constituted by the first bore in the piston. The piston may comprise a second bore connecting the first bore with an outer periphery of the piston such that the at least one first oil inlet may be connected to the first oil chamber and the first oil outlet when the piston is in the first position and the at least one first oil inlet may be connected to the second oil chamber and the second oil outlet when the piston is in the second position.

The oil distributor may supply oil in two different circuits. Each circuit may be optimized for its purpose, such as to ensure cooling performance of the motor, and to ensure durability of the transmission components (such as bearings and gears). The movable piston may be a demand-responsive piston that directly couples the at least one first oil inlet with one of the chambers. The piston may close one of the two chambers, thereby supplying oil flow for cooling or supplying oil for lubrication. The movable piston may be a single-pass cylinder provided with a spring return. Other actuating means may be a two-way cylinder or electrical means with high precision for setting the piston in the correct position.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the at least one first oil inlet and the at least two oil outlets may be arranged in the housing of the oil distributor such that the at least one first oil inlet is connected to both the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber, and thus also to the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet, when the piston is arranged in a position between the first position and the second position.

The movable piston may connect the at least one first oil inlet with both chambers and both oil outlets. The piston may be capable of achieving a predetermined flow for cooling and lubrication.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the second oil inlet may be arranged in the housing of the oil distributor and a third bore may be arranged in the piston, the third bore connecting the first bore with an outer periphery of the piston, such that the second oil inlet is connectable to the second oil chamber and the second oil outlet when the piston is in the first position.

The second oil inlet may increase the oil flow and increase the possibility to accurately control the oil distributor and to optimize cooling and lubrication independently by its required parameters to achieve a high cooling oil flow for hot components and a pressurized circulating oil for lubrication of the components.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the bypass channel may be arranged between the first oil chamber and a further location in the cavity of the housing, such that the second oil inlet is connectable to the first oil chamber and the first oil outlet via the bypass channel when the piston is in the second position.

The bypass channel makes it possible to connect the second oil inlet to the first oil chamber and the first oil outlet.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the cutout may be arranged in the piston such that the second oil inlet is connectable to the bypass channel by means of the cutout in the piston when the piston is in the second position.

The cut-out in the piston may have an extension in the longitudinal direction of the piston, which may be adapted to the size of the bypass opening at another location in the cavity of the housing, so that the second oil inlet is connectable to the bypass channel through said bypass opening and by means of the cut-out in the piston.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the second oil inlet and the at least two oil outlets may be arranged in the housing of the oil distributor such that the second oil inlet is connectable to both the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber, and thus also to the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet, when the piston is arranged in a position between the first position and the second position.

The movable piston may simultaneously connect the second oil inlet with both chambers and both oil outlets. The piston may be capable of achieving a predetermined flow for cooling and lubrication.

According to the present invention, a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain may include a first oil circuit for cooling a first powertrain component and a second oil circuit for cooling a second powertrain component. The system may also include an oil dispenser.

Such lubrication and cooling systems in the powertrain can independently optimize cooling and lubrication by their required parameters to achieve high cooling oil flow in the first oil circuit for cooling the first powertrain components and pressurized circulating oil in the second oil circuit for cooling the second powertrain components.

According to another aspect of the invention, the first powertrain component may be an electric motor and the second powertrain component may be a gearbox.

The motor may generate heat and must be cooled to a preferred operating temperature in order to achieve optimal function and durability. The gearbox may include bearings and gears that may be lubricated for optimal function and durability.

According to another aspect of the invention, an electrically controlled oil pump may be connected to the at least one first oil inlet.

The electric oil pump may be used to supply oil to a first oil circuit for cooling the first powertrain components and to a second oil circuit for cooling the second powertrain components.

According to another aspect of the invention, a mechanically controlled oil pump may be connected to the second oil inlet.

The mechanical oil pump may be used to supply oil to a first oil circuit for cooling the first powertrain components and to a second oil circuit for cooling the second powertrain components.

The electric oil pump may be used primarily for cooling, while the mechanical pump may be used primarily for lubrication. With the distributor in place, the cooling and lubrication circuits can be optimized independently by their required parameters, which can flow high cooling oil to the motor to achieve high performance, while the pressurized circulating oil for the permanent lubrication system is used for the components to be lubricated.

For certain gearbox variations, the shaft may not have a defined rotational direction, and in certain drive modes, the mechanical pump may be outside its operating range. In these drive modes, it may be desirable to have an oil distributor that switches and directs oil from the electric oil pump to the lubrication location. It is also energy efficient when there is a high flow of oil from the mechanical pump due to the high speed rotation on the rotating parts in the gearbox, to switch and cool the electric machine by the flow of oil supplied by the mechanical pump, and to lubricate the components in the transmission by the oil supplied by the low energy consuming electric pump.

The oil distributor can also be necessary on powertrains without an internal combustion engine and when a gearbox (and therefore also without a mechanically connected oil pump) is not required. In these applications, the electric oil pump may supply oil to both the cooling and lubrication circuits. To ensure correct oil distribution, an actively controlled distributor with a predetermined oil split may be required instead of relying on a pressure difference, which may differ depending on the mode of operation and the oil temperature.

According to the present invention, a method for controlling a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain may include: an oil dispenser, which may include: a housing provided with at least one first oil inlet and at least two oil outlets. The first oil outlet may be connected to the first oil chamber. The second oil outlet may be connected to the second oil chamber. A piston may be disposed in the cavity of the housing, the piston being movable between a first position and a second position. The piston may comprise a first bore oriented in the longitudinal direction of the piston, such that the second oil chamber may at least partly be constituted by the first bore in the piston. The piston may comprise a second bore connecting the first bore with an outer periphery of the piston such that the at least one first oil inlet may be connected to the first oil chamber and the first oil outlet when the piston is in the first position and the at least one first oil inlet may be connected to the second oil chamber and the second oil outlet when the piston is in the second position. A first oil circuit for cooling the first powertrain component may be connected to the first oil outlet. A second oil circuit for lubricating the second powertrain component may be connected to the second oil outlet. The method may comprise the steps of: a) controlling the pressure and flow of oil to the at least one first oil inlet by means of an electrically controlled oil pump connected to the at least one first oil inlet; and b) controlling the position of the piston to control the pressure and flow of oil through the first oil outlet and into a first oil circuit for cooling the first powertrain and to control the pressure and flow of oil through the second oil outlet and into a second oil circuit for lubricating the second powertrain component.

Controlling the pressure and flow of oil can be achieved by controlling the power to the electrically controlled oil pump. By also controlling the position of the piston in order to control the pressure and flow of oil, the high cooling oil flow for the hot components and the pressurized circulating oil for the transmission components can be optimized independently.

According to another aspect of the invention, the method may comprise the further steps of: c) controlling the pressure and flow of oil to the second oil inlet by means of a mechanically controlled oil pump connected to the second oil inlet; and d) controlling the position of the piston so as to control the pressure and flow of oil through the first oil outlet and into the first oil circuit for cooling the first powertrain component and/or so as to control the pressure and flow of oil through the second oil outlet and into the second oil circuit for lubricating the second powertrain component.

The control of the pressure and flow of oil can be achieved by controlling the driving conditions of a transmission connected to a mechanical oil control pump. By also controlling the position of the piston in order to control the pressure and flow of oil, the high cooling oil flow for the hot components and the pressurized circulating oil for the transmission components can be optimized independently.

According to another aspect of the invention, the method may comprise the further steps of: e) the oil in the first oil circuit is cooled by means of an oil cooler.

According to another aspect of the invention, the first powertrain component may be an electric motor and the second powertrain component may be a gearbox.

The motor generates heat and can therefore also be cooled to a preferred operating temperature for optimum function and durability. When cooling the motor, the heat of the motor may be transferred to the oil. Thus, the oil in the first oil circuit can be cooled by means of the oil cooler.

Other objects, advantages and novel features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description and by practice of the invention. Although the invention is described below, it is apparent that the invention may not be limited to the specific details described. Those skilled in the art with access to the teachings herein will recognize further applications, modifications, and combinations within the scope of the present invention.

Drawings

The following is a description of preferred embodiments by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 shows schematically a vehicle in a side view, with an oil distributor for a lubrication and cooling system according to an embodiment,

figure 2a shows a cross-section of an oil distributor according to an embodiment,

figure 2b shows a back side view of an oil distributor according to an embodiment,

figure 3 shows a cross-section of an oil distributor according to an embodiment,

figure 4 shows a cross-section of an oil distributor according to an embodiment,

FIG. 5 schematically shows a lubrication and cooling system, and

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a method for controlling a lubrication and cooling system in a powertrain, according to an embodiment.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 schematically shows a vehicle 1 in a side view, which may be provided with an oil distributor 2 according to an embodiment. The vehicle 1 may also be provided with an internal combustion engine 4, a clutch 5, a gearbox 6, a propeller shaft 10 and drive wheels 8. The combustion engine 4 may be coupled to a gearbox 6 via a clutch 5. The gearbox 6 is connectable to the driving wheels 8 of the vehicle 1 via a propeller shaft 10. Instead of or in combination with the internal combustion engine 4, the vehicle 1 may be provided with an electric machine 12 as part of a powertrain 14 in the vehicle 1. The gearbox 6 may include a gear 6 and a bearing 18.

Fig. 2a shows a cross section of an oil distributor 2 according to an embodiment. The oil distributor 2 may include: a housing 20 provided with a first oil inlet 22 and a second oil inlet 24 (shown in fig. 2 b). A first oil outlet 26 and a second oil outlet 28 may also be disposed in the housing 20. However, the at least one first oil inlet 22 and the at least two oil outlets 26, 28 may be arranged in the housing 20. First oil outlet 26 may be connected to a first oil chamber 30, and second oil outlet 28 may be connected to a second oil chamber 32. A piston 34 may be disposed in a cavity 36 of the housing 20, the piston 34 being movable between first and second positions. A position sensor 37 may be arranged at the housing 20 for receiving information about the position of the piston 34 in the oil distributor 2. In fig. 2a, the piston 34 has moved to a first position. The piston 34 may include a first bore 38 oriented in a longitudinal direction of the piston 34. Second oil chamber 32 may be at least partially formed by a first bore 38 in piston 34. The piston 34 may include a second bore 40 that connects the first bore 38 with the outer periphery of the piston 34. When piston 34 is in the first position, first oil inlet 22 may be connected to first oil chamber 30 and first oil outlet 26. A third bore 42 may be disposed in the piston 34 that connects the first bore 38 with an outer periphery of the piston 34. When piston 34 is in the first position, second oil inlet 24 may be connected to second oil chamber 32 and second oil outlet 28. An actuating device 44 (see fig. 5) may be arranged to move the piston 34 to different positions in the oil distributor 2. An air inlet 46 may be disposed in the housing 20 for pneumatically controlling the position of the piston 34. Spring 48 may be disposed in first oil chamber 30 and first bore 38 of piston 34. When pressurized air is provided through the air inlet 46, the force from the spring 48 may be exceeded and the piston 34 will move in the direction of the second position. When the air pressure is released, the force from the spring 48 may move the piston 34 toward the first position. A sealing element 50 is disposed on the piston 34 for sealing different volumes along the length of the piston 34.

Fig. 2b shows a rear side view of the oil distributor 2 according to an embodiment. The second oil inlet 24 may be arranged in the housing 20 of the oil distributor 2. The rear side of the housing 20 of the oil distributor 2 may be configured to be connected to the gearbox 6. Thus, the second oil inlet 24 may be connected to an opening (not disclosed) in the gearbox 6, from which opening oil is delivered to the oil distributor 2. The housing 20 of the oil distributor 2 may also be provided with apertures 52 for fasteners (not disclosed) so that the oil distributor 2 may be secured to the gearbox 6. Bypass passage 54 may be disposed between first oil chamber 30 and a bypass opening 58 located at another location in chamber 36 of housing 20. The bypass channel 54 makes it possible to connect the second oil inlet 24 to the first oil chamber 30 and the first oil outlet 26. The second oil inlet 24 may increase oil flow and increase accurately controlled oil distributor 2 and by its required parameters optimize cooling and lubrication independently to achieve high cooling oil flow for hot components and pressurized circulating oil for component lubrication.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section of an oil distributor 2 according to an embodiment. In fig. 3, the piston 34 has moved to the second position. When piston 34 is in the second position, first oil inlet 22 may be connected to second oil chamber 32 and second oil outlet 28. When piston 34 is in the second position, second oil inlet 24 is connectable to first oil chamber 30 and first oil outlet 26 via bypass channel 54. The cutout 56 may be disposed in the piston 34. When the piston 34 is in the second position, the second oil inlet 24 is connectable to the bypass passage 54 by means of a cut-out 56 arranged in the piston 34. The cut-out 56 in the piston 34 may have an extension in the longitudinal direction of the piston 34, which may be adapted to the size of the bypass opening 58 at another location in the cavity 36 of the housing 20, so that the second oil inlet 24 may be connected to the bypass channel 54 through the bypass opening 58 and by means of the cut-out 56 in the piston 34.

Fig. 4 shows a cross section of an oil distributor 2 according to an embodiment. In fig. 4, the piston 34 has moved to a position between the first position and the second position, which may be an intermediate position. The first oil inlet 22 and the first and second oil outlets 26, 28 may be arranged in the housing 20 of the oil distributor 2 such that the first oil inlet 22 is connected to both the first and second oil chambers 30, 32, and thus also to the first and second oil outlets 26, 28, when the piston 34 is arranged in a position between the first and second positions. The second oil inlet 24 and the first and second oil outlets 26, 28 may be arranged in the housing 20 of the oil distributor 2 such that the second oil inlet 24 is connected to both the first and second oil chambers 30, 32, and thus also to the first and second oil outlets 26, 28, when the piston 34 is arranged in a position between the first and second positions. Thus, the movable piston 34 may connect the first oil inlet 22 with both chambers and both oil outlets simultaneously. Furthermore, a movable piston 34 may connect second oil inlet 24 with both oil chambers 30, 32 and both oil outlets 26, 28 simultaneously. The piston 34 may be able to achieve a predetermined flow for cooling and lubrication in the intermediate position.

The movable piston 34 may simultaneously connect the at least one first oil inlet 22 with the two chambers 30, 32 and the two oil outlets 26, 28 in the intermediate position. The piston 34 may be an on-demand piston 34 that directly couples the at least one first oil inlet 22 with one of the chambers 30, 32. The piston 34 may close one of the two chambers 30, 32, thereby supplying oil flow for cooling or supplying oil for lubrication. The movable piston 34 may be a single-pass cylinder provided with a spring 48 for returning the piston 34 to the first position and the intermediate position. Other actuating devices 44 may be two-way cylinders or electrical devices with high precision for setting the piston 34 in a precise position.

Fig. 5 schematically shows a lubrication and cooling system 60 according to an embodiment. The lubrication and cooling system 60 includes a first oil circuit 62 for cooling a first powertrain component, such as the electric machine 12. The system 60 also includes a second oil circuit 64 for lubricating second powertrain components, such as the bearings 18 and gears 16 in the gearbox 6. The motor 12 generates heat and may be cooled to a preferred operating temperature for optimal functionality and durability. A radiator or oil cooler 66 is arranged in the first oil circuit 62 for cooling the oil. The thermostat 68 is disposed in the bypass conduit 70. When the oil temperature exceeds a certain temperature, the thermostat 68 opens and the oil can bypass the oil cooler 66. The gearbox 6 may include bearings 18 and gears 16 that may be lubricated for optimal function and durability. The system 60 further comprises an oil distributor 2. The first oil outlet 26 of the oil distributor 2 may be adapted to be connected to a first oil circuit 62, and the second oil outlet 28 of the oil distributor 2 may be adapted to be connected to a second oil circuit 64. Thus, the oil distributor 2 supplies oil in two different circuits 62, 64. Each of the circuits 62, 64 may be optimized for its purpose, such as to ensure cooling performance of the motor 12, and to ensure durability of the transmission components, such as the bearings 18 and gears 16 in the gearbox 6.

An electrically controlled oil pump 72 may be connected to the at least one first oil inlet 22. The electric oil pump 72 may be used to supply oil to the first oil circuit 62 for cooling the first powertrain components, such as the electric machine 12, and to the second oil circuit 64 for cooling the second powertrain components, such as the bearings 18 and gears 16 in the gearbox 6. A mechanically controlled oil pump 74 may be connected to the second oil inlet 24. The mechanical oil pump 74 may be used to supply oil to the first oil circuit 62 for cooling the first powertrain components 12 and to the second oil circuit 64 for cooling the second powertrain components 16, 18. The oil is collected in a reservoir 76 and circulated in the circuits 62, 64 by means of pumps 72, 74. The oil returns to the reservoir 76 by way of a return passage 78.

The electric oil pump 72 may be used primarily for cooling, while the mechanical oil pump 74 may be used primarily for lubrication. With the oil distributor 2 in place, the first and second circuits 62, 64 may be independently optimized by their required parameters, which may allow high cooling oil flow to the electric machine 12 for high performance, and pressurized circulating oil for a permanent lubrication system for the components to be lubricated.

For certain gearbox variants, the shaft in the gearbox 6 has no defined direction of rotation, and in certain driving modes the mechanical oil pump 74 may be outside its operating range. In these operating modes, it may be necessary to have an oil distributor 2 to switch and direct oil from the electric oil pump 72 to the lubrication position. When there is a high flow of oil from the mechanical oil pump 74 due to high speed rotation on rotating components in the gearbox 6, it is also energy efficient to switch and cool the electric machine 12 by the flow of oil supplied by the mechanical oil pump 74, and to lubricate components in the powertrain 14 by the oil supplied by the low energy consuming electric oil pump 72. A first check valve 77 may be disposed downstream of the electric oil pump 72 to prevent oil flow in a direction toward the electric oil pump 72. A second check valve 79 may be disposed downstream of the mechanical oil pump 74 to prevent oil flow in a direction toward the mechanical oil pump 72.

The oil distributor 2 may also be used on powertrains 14 without the internal combustion engine 4 and when the gearbox 6 (and thus the mechanically connected oil pump 74) is not required. In these applications, the electric oil pump 72 may supply oil to both the first and second oil circuits 62, 64. In order to ensure correct oil distribution, an oil distributor 2 with a predetermined oil split may be required instead of relying on a pressure difference, wherein the pressure difference may differ depending on the operation mode and the oil temperature.

Such a lubrication and cooling system 60 in the powertrain 14 can independently optimize cooling and lubrication by its required parameters to achieve high cooling oil flow in a first oil circuit 62 for cooling the first powertrain components 12 and pressurized circulating oil in a second oil circuit 64 for lubricating the second powertrain components 16, 18.

A control unit 80 may be connected to the actuating device 44 for controlling the position of the piston 34 and thus the distribution of oil to the first and second oil circuits 62, 64. The position sensor 37 may be connected to the control unit 80 for receiving information about the position of the piston 34 in the oil distributor 2. The control unit 80 may also be connected to the pumps 72, 74. The oil flow of the electric pump 72 may be controlled by the control unit 80 and may be related to the temperature of the electric machine 12 and the operating mode of the vehicle 1. The thermostat 68 may be electrical or mechanical. The thermostat 68 is connectable to a control unit 80 and can be controlled with respect to the oil temperature. The motor 12 may be connected to a control unit 80 for sensing the temperature of the motor 12. A temperature sensor 82 arranged at the oil container 76 may be connected to the control unit 80 for sensing the oil temperature.

The control unit 80 may comprise a computer 84 or a coupling to a computer 84 comprising a computer program P with program code for receiving data comprising oil and the current temperature of the motor 12 in order to calculate the suitable position of the piston 34. The program code may be executed in the computer 84. The control unit 80 may further include stored data in the memory M or a link to readable data containing oil flow and oil pressure parameters for the first and second oil circuits 62, 64 and for different vehicle operating modes to control the position of the piston 34 and to control the oil flow and oil pressure from the pumps 72, 74. A computer program product may comprise a computer readable medium and a computer program, which may be embodied in the computer readable medium.

Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of a method for controlling a lubrication and cooling system 60 in a powertrain, according to an embodiment. The lubrication and cooling system 60 in the powertrain 14 may include the features described in the above embodiments.

The method may comprise the steps of:

a) controlling the pressure and flow of oil to the at least one first oil inlet 22 by means of an electrically controlled oil pump 72 connected to the at least one first oil inlet 22; and

b) the position of the piston 34 is controlled to control the pressure and flow of oil through the first oil outlet 26 and into a first oil circuit 62 for cooling the components of the first powertrain 14, and to control the pressure and flow of oil through the second oil outlet 28 and into a second oil circuit 64 for lubricating the second powertrain components 16, 18.

Controlling the pressure and flow of oil may be accomplished by controlling the power to the electronically controlled oil pump 72. By also controlling the position of the piston 34 in order to control the pressure and flow of oil, the high cooling oil flow for hot components and the pressurized circulating oil for component lubrication can be optimized independently.

The method may comprise the further steps of:

c) controlling the pressure and flow of oil to the second oil inlet by means of a mechanical oil control pump 74 connected to the second oil inlet 24; and

d) the position of the piston 34 is controlled to control the pressure and flow of oil through the first oil outlet 26 and into the first oil circuit 62 for cooling the first powertrain component 12 and/or to control the pressure and flow of oil through the second oil outlet 28 and into the second oil circuit 64 for lubricating the second powertrain components 16, 18.

The control of the pressure and flow of oil can be achieved by controlling the driving conditions of the transmission connected to the mechanical oil control pump 74. By also controlling the position of the piston 34 in order to control the pressure and flow of oil, the high cooling oil flow for hot components and the pressurized circulating oil for the transmission components can be optimized independently.

The method may comprise the further steps of:

e) the oil in the first oil circuit 62 is cooled by means of an oil cooler 66.

The first powertrain component may be the electric machine 12. The motor 12 generates heat and must be cooled to a preferred operating temperature for optimum function and durability. When cooling the motor 12, heat generated by the motor 12 may be transferred to the oil. Thus, the oil in the first oil circuit 62 can be cooled by means of the oil cooler 66.

Computer program comprising program code which, when executed in a computer 84, causes said computer 84 to carry out the above-mentioned method. The computer program product includes a computer readable medium and a computer program embodied in the computer readable medium.

The fluid used for cooling and lubrication is called oil. However, any oil or fluid having cooling and lubricating properties may be used.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the variations described. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles and practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Within the framework of the embodiments, the components and features described above can be combined between the different embodiments described.