Mechanical assembly with electrical insulation between a rotating electrical machine and its electronic components
阅读说明:本技术 旋转电机与其电子部件之间具有电绝缘的机械组件 (Mechanical assembly with electrical insulation between a rotating electrical machine and its electronic components ) 是由 K.萨桑 J-L.塔拉戈 G.戈德弗罗伊 R.莫蒂尔 于 2018-05-22 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明提出了一种用于机动车辆的旋转电机,所述电机具有待组装的两个部件和至少一个组装装置(39)。待组装的两个部件由机械部件(37)和电子部件(36)形成。组装装置具有:紧固元件(40),其沿着紧固轴线(Y)延伸;第一绝缘体(41),其由电绝缘材料形成,并且轴向地设置在紧固元件和待组装的部件之一之间;第二绝缘体(42),其由电绝缘材料形成,并且轴向地设置在电机部件和电子部件之间;以及板(43、53),其定位成与绝缘体(41、42)之一接触,该板由具有比与之接触的绝缘体的材料的硬度更大的硬度的材料形成。(The invention relates to a rotating electrical machine for a motor vehicle, comprising two components to be assembled and at least one assembly device (39). The two parts to be assembled are formed by a mechanical part (37) and an electronic part (36). The assembling device comprises: a fastening element (40) extending along a fastening axis (Y); a first insulator (41) formed of an electrically insulating material and axially disposed between the fastening element and one of the parts to be assembled; a second insulator (42) formed of an electrically insulating material and disposed axially between the motor component and the electronic component; and a plate (43, 53) positioned in contact with one of the insulators (41, 42), the plate being formed of a material having a hardness greater than a hardness of a material of the insulator in contact therewith.)
1. A rotating electric machine for motor vehicles, the electric machine (10) comprising:
two parts to be assembled formed by:
-a motor part (37) comprising a housing (11) and an active part (12, 15) accommodated in the housing;
-an electronic component (36) mounted on the housing (11), said electronic component being designed to control the motor component (37); and
-at least one assembly device (39) extending along a fixed axis (Y) so that the electronic components can be assembled on the motor components and comprising:
-a first fixing element (40) extending along a fixing axis (Y);
-a first insulator (41) formed of an electrically insulating material and axially arranged between the fixing element (40) and one of the parts (36, 37) to be assembled;
a second insulator (42) formed of an electrically insulating material and axially arranged between the motor component (37) and the electronic component (36),
the electric machine (10) is characterized in that the assembly means (39) further comprise at least one plate (43, 53) arranged in contact with one of the insulators (41, 42), the plate being formed of a material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the material of the insulator in contact therewith.
2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the plates (43, 53) has a hardness of at least 60HB, in particular about 150 HV.
3. The machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plates (43, 53) are formed of a metallic material.
4. A machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plates (43, 53) are overmoulded in the insulation (41, 42).
5. The machine according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first insulator (41) comprises a main body (46) and a sleeve (47) extending protrudingly from the main body (46) to at least partially surround the fixing element (40).
6. An electric machine according to claim 5, characterized in that a projection (48) extends protrudingly from the outer surface of the sleeve (47) in the direction of the components (36, 37) to be assembled.
7. An electric machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first insulator (41) further comprises a collar (49) which extends protrudingly from the main body (46) in a direction opposite to the direction in which the sleeve (47) extends, and extends so as to at least partially surround the fixing element (40).
8. The machine according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plate (43) is arranged in contact with the first insulator (41).
9. An electric machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the plate (43) is arranged axially between the first insulator (41) and the fixing element (40).
10. An electric machine according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the plate (53) is arranged in contact with the second insulator (42).
11. The machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the plate (53) is arranged to be in contact with one of the motor part (37) and the electronic part (36) having the smallest contact surface with the second insulator (42).
12. The machine according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the assembly means (39) comprise a first plate (43) arranged in contact with the first insulator (41) and a second plate (53) arranged in contact with the second insulator (42).
13. The machine according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the assembly means (39) further comprise a conical washer (54) axially interposed between the first insulator (41) and the fixing element (40).
14. The machine according to claim 13 when dependent on claim 12 or 8, characterised in that the washer (54) is in contact with the plate (43) and the fixing element (40).
15. An electric machine according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that the electronic components (36) comprise at least one electronic module and a heat sink (38) allowing cooling of the module, wherein the heat sink comprises an area where the electric machine components (37) are fixed, and that the housing (11) comprises two flanges (16, 17), one of which has an area where the electronic components (36) are fixed.
Technical Field
The invention relates in particular to a mechanical assembly with electrical insulation between a rotating electrical machine and its electronic components, in particular for a motor vehicle.
Background
The invention has particularly advantageous application in the field of rotating electrical machines, such as alternators, alternator starters or reversible electrical machines. It should be remembered that a reversible electric machine is a rotary electric machine that can work reversibly, first as a generator functioning as an alternator and then as an electric motor, for example in order to start the heat engine of a motor vehicle.
The rotating electric machine includes a motor component and an electronic component. The motor component essentially comprises a rotor which is rotationally movable about an axis of rotation, a stationary stator surrounding the rotor, and a housing in which the rotor and the stator are fitted. The electronic component mainly comprises a heat sink on which the power module and/or the control module can be mounted. These modules can control the excitation of the machine and convert the ac power released from the stator phases into dc power.
The electronic components of the rotating electric machine are assembled on the motor components in order to simplify the electrical connection of the different modules to the rotor and the stator and to save space in the motor vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the motor component and the electronic component together. Generally, in order to perform this assembly, the heat sink of the electronic part and the housing of the motor part each include a perforated portion that allows a screw to pass through.
The heat sink and the housing may have different potentials for various reasons. Therefore, it is necessary to electrically insulate them from each other. For this purpose, a first insulator arranged between the heat sink and the screw and a second insulator arranged between the housing and the heat sink are generally used, each insulator having an opening for the screw to pass through. Therefore, in the metal materials, i.e., the screws, the heat sink, and the housing; and plastic material, i.e. two insulators. A disadvantage of this type of stacking is that a large part of the tightening is lost, in particular during the thermal variations that the product undergoes during its entire service life. In fact, since the tightening of the screws is considerable, it is easy to locally deform them by compressing the insulator, thus generating a striking phenomenon. In addition, if the insulator used has a coefficient of expansion greater than that of the conductive member, the insulator will be subjected to considerable compressive forces with changes in temperature and will deform under creep. These phenomena of beating and creep, as well as the relaxation of the plastic material, result in a loss of thickness of the insulator, thus reducing the tightness of the assembly between the motor part and the electronic part. Such a loss of screwing may cause a gap in the assembly, resulting in deterioration of vibration resistance of the rotary electric machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to make it possible to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.
To this end, the subject of the invention is therefore a rotary electric machine for motor vehicles. According to the invention, the electric machine comprises:
two parts to be assembled formed by:
-a motor component comprising a housing and an active component accommodated in the housing;
-electronic components mounted on the housing, said electronic components being designed to control the motor components; and
-at least one assembly device extending along a fixed axis so that electronic components can be fitted on the motor components and comprising:
-a first fixation element extending along a fixation axis;
-a first insulator formed of an electrically insulating material and axially arranged between the fixing element and one of the parts to be assembled;
a second insulator formed of an electrically insulating material and arranged axially between the motor component and the electronic component.
Again according to the invention, the assembly device further comprises at least one plate arranged in contact with one of the insulators, the plate being formed of a material having a hardness greater than the hardness of the material of the insulator in contact therewith.
The use of a plate reinforces the insulating part in contact with said plate, allowing a better distribution of the forces in the insulator, which protects the insulator from significant local deformations. This therefore makes it possible to limit the blow phenomenon corresponding to the compression of the insulator during the tightening of the fixing element. Thus, the fastening element can be screwed better. This makes it possible to ensure a reliable assembly of the electronic components on the motor component.
In addition, the use of plates makes it possible to use fixing elements with a smaller diameter without the risk of deterioration of the insulation. This therefore makes it possible to reduce the mass and size of the assembly device, thereby reducing the mass and size of the rotary electric machine.
According to an embodiment, the hardness of the material of the plate is at least 60HB, in particular about 150 HV.
According to an embodiment, the plate is formed of a metallic material. According to an embodiment, the insulator is formed from a plastic material. For example, the insulator may be formed of a single material or of different materials.
According to an embodiment, the plate is overmolded in the insulator. The plates then form an insert in the electrically insulating material. As a variant, the plates may be clamped or glued. Also as a variant, a plate can be added to the insulator, wherein the insulator and the plate are held together by a fixing element.
According to an embodiment, the electronic component comprises at least one electronic module and a heat sink allowing cooling of the module, the heat sink comprising an area to which the electrical component is fixed. For example, the electronic components include a plurality of power modules forming a rectifier bridge and a control module that makes it possible in particular to control the excitation of the electric machine.
According to an embodiment, the housing comprises two flanges, wherein one flange has an area to which the electronic component is fixed. For example, each flange includes a flat portion extending radially with respect to the rotational axis of the electric machine, which flat portion supports on its inner circumference a roller bearing coupled with the shaft of the electric machine, and a cylindrical skirt portion extending axially protruding from the outer circumference of the flat portion to the cylindrical skirt portion of the other flange.
According to an embodiment, the plate is distinct from the housing and the heat sink.
According to an embodiment, the plate is arranged in contact with the first insulator. The plate is thus axially arranged between one of the parts to be assembled and the fixing element. The component to be assembled may be a heat sink or a housing.
For example, the plate is arranged in contact with the fixation element. In other words, the plate is axially arranged between the first insulator and the fixing element. This makes it possible to improve the effect of the first insulator on the invariance, compared to the contact of the plate with the element to be assembled, since the contact surface between the first insulator and the fixed element is smaller than the contact surface between said insulator and the component to be assembled.
According to an embodiment, the plate is arranged in contact with the second insulator. Thus, the board is axially arranged between the motor component and the electronic component. In this case, the plate is disposed between the heat sink and the housing.
For example, the board is disposed in contact with one of the motor part and the electronic part, the contact surface of which with the second insulator is smallest.
According to an embodiment, the assembly device comprises a first plate arranged in contact with the first insulator and a second plate arranged in contact with the second insulator.
According to an embodiment, the fixing element comprises a head and a body extending from the head along an assembly axis so as to pass through openings provided at least in the electronic component and the motor component.
According to an embodiment, the assembly axis extends substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the electrical machine.
According to an embodiment, the heat sink and the housing each comprise a perforated fixing area allowing the fixing element to pass through. In this case, the plate and the insulator each include an opening for passing the body of the fixing element.
According to an embodiment, the fixing element has a portion cooperating with an opening in the motor part, in particular with an opening in the housing. For example, the fixing element is a screw or a tie rod. In this case, the fixing element has a threaded portion which cooperates with a tapping of the opening in the housing.
According to an embodiment, the threaded portion may be covered by a covering, commonly referred to as a screw lock, which makes it possible to ensure the fixation between the housing and the fixation element.
According to an embodiment, the plate has the form of a ring. According to a variant embodiment, the plate may comprise a plurality of portions forming a ring, wherein the portions can be spaced apart from each other.
According to an embodiment, the first insulator comprises a body and a sleeve protruding from the body to at least partially surround the fixation element. In this case, the sleeve is positioned radially between the fixing element and the component to be assembled. The sleeve forms a grommet and participates in the electrical insulation of the fixing element. For example, the sleeve extends from the inner periphery of the body.
According to an embodiment, the body of the first insulator extends radially with respect to the assembly axis and has in particular the form of a ring. In this case, the plate extends in contact with the body.
According to an embodiment, the projection extends protrudingly from the outer surface of the sleeve in the direction of the components to be assembled. These projections allow the first insulator to be held in the parts to be assembled.
According to an embodiment, the first insulator further comprises a collar extending protrudingly from the main body in a direction opposite to the direction in which the sleeve extends, and extending so as to at least partially surround the fixing element. The collar makes it possible to improve the electrical insulation between the fixing element and the parts to be assembled closest thereto, while avoiding the formation of salt bridges.
For example, the collar extends from the outer periphery of the body. Again, for example, the collar extends so as to surround the head of the fixation element.
According to an embodiment, the second insulator comprises a body in the form of a plate, and fixing zones, each formed by a skirt, in particular cylindrical, and a transverse portion, in particular perforated for the passage of a fixing element. In this case, the plate extends in contact with the lateral portion. For example, the skirt may extend directly from the body or from an arm extending from the body.
According to an embodiment, the assembly device further comprises a conical washer axially arranged between the first insulator and the fixation element. This type of tapered washer can compensate for deformation of the insulator due to temperature changes during vehicle operation. The washer thus makes it possible to compensate for the effects of creep and blows of the plastic material present in the assembly area, thus ensuring a long-term minimum tension in the fixing element and thus ensuring a good tightening of said element. Thus, the mechanical resistance of the fixation between the motor part and the electronic part is improved.
According to one embodiment, the washer is in contact with the plate and the fixation element.
According to one embodiment, the gasket has an inner portion in contact with the fixing element and an outer portion in contact with the first insulator or plate. For example, the gasket extends in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction.
According to an embodiment, the washer is formed of a hard material, in particular a metallic material.
According to one embodiment, the material of the gasket and the material of the plate are similar materials. This makes it possible to prevent an electrocorrosion phenomenon, also known as "battery effect".
According to an embodiment, the gasket has stripes extending protrudingly towards the plate. This makes it possible to prevent the screw from loosening, thereby improving the mechanical resistance of fixation between the mechanical component and the electronic component. As a variant, the striations may extend towards the fixation element, in particular towards the head of said element.
According to an embodiment, at least one of the assembly means is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating electrical machine. In particular, all assembly means are provided on the outer periphery. Thus, the assembly device is positioned in the area of easiest access, which makes it possible to simplify the fixing of the motor components with the electronic components.
The assembly means of the individual motors may be different from each other. Each assembly device may include one or more of the embodiments previously described.
The rotating electric machine may advantageously form an alternator, an alternator-starter or a reversible electric machine.
Drawings
The invention will be better understood from a reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, and from an examination of the attached drawings, in which:
figure 1 shows schematically and partially a cross-sectional view of a rotating electric machine according to an embodiment of the invention, on a plane comprising the axis of rotation;
figure 2 schematically and partially shows a cross-sectional view of the assembly device in figure 1 on a plane comprising the assembly axis;
fig. 3 schematically and partially shows a perspective view of an example of the insulator in fig. 2;
figure 4 schematically and partially shows a cross-sectional view of an example of the washer in figure 2, on a plane comprising the assembly axis;
figure 5 schematically and partially shows a perspective view from above of the example of a blind in figure 2;
figure 6 shows schematically and partially a perspective view of the shutter in figure 5, seen from below; and
fig. 7 schematically and partially shows a top view of the rotating electric machine in fig. 1.
Identical, similar or analogous elements have the same reference symbols in the various figures.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below are in no way limiting; in particular, if such a choice of features is sufficient to provide technical advantages or to distinguish the invention from the prior art, it will be possible to envisage variants of the invention comprising only the choice of features described below, isolated from the other features described. In particular, all the variants and all the embodiments described can be combined with one another if there is no objection from the technical point of view to the combination. In this case, this will be referred to in the present specification.
Fig. 1 shows a compact polyphase rotary
The
In the following description, the term "front-back" refers to the rotation axis X passing through the
In this example, the
Each
The
In this case, the rear end of the
The front and
In this example, the
In this embodiment, the
In addition, the winding 28 is formed of one or more phases. Each phase includes at least one conductor that passes through a notch in stator body 27 and forms a bun with all phases. The
The
When the electrical winding 35 is energized by the
The
Each assembly area comprises an
In the following description, the terms axial, radial, external and internal refer to an assembly axis Y passing through the fixing
In the example of fig. 2, the fixing
The
Both the
In the example of fig. 2 and 3, the
Again in this example, the
As is clear from fig. 3, the
Again in this example, the
In the example of fig. 2, 5 and 6, the
The
As shown in the example in fig. 2, the
The
For example, the plate is formed of a metal material such as steel or aluminum. They may be formed of the same or different materials.
For example, each
In the example shown here, each
The
The
In the example shown in fig. 2 and 4, the
For example, the washer extends in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction and has an opening in the center for the passage of the fixing
It will be appreciated that the dimensions of the washers depend primarily on the desired tightening, the dimensions and materials from which the
The
According to an embodiment not shown, the washer may have striations that extend protrudingly towards the plate and/or towards the
As shown in fig. 7, all the assembling
Furthermore, as is clear from fig. 1, the rotary
The invention has application in particular in the field of alternators or reversible electric machines for motor vehicles, but it can also be applied to any type of rotary electric machine.
It is to be understood that the above description is provided by way of example only and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention, as no deviation from the invention will be implied by the replacement of different elements by any other equivalents.
For example, no deviation from the scope of the invention is constituted by using only a single one of the two
- 上一篇:一种医用注射器针头装配设备
- 下一篇:线性致动器