Method, FPGA, device and storage medium for discriminating pulse signal
阅读说明：本技术 甄别脉冲信号的方法、fpga、装置和存储介质 (Method, FPGA, device and storage medium for discriminating pulse signal ) 是由 曹振 李玉兰 赵崑 赵继南 于 2018-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提出一种甄别脉冲信号的方法、FPGA、装置和存储介质,涉及辐射探测技术领域。其中的方法包括：对数字脉冲信号进行脉冲幅度甄别,其中,数字脉冲信号是待甄别的脉冲信号经数字化处理得到的；如果脉冲幅度甄别结果大于预设幅度参考值,判定脉冲信号是α粒子脉冲信号；如果脉冲幅度甄别结果不大于预设幅度参考值,对数字脉冲信号进行脉冲形状甄别或脉冲宽度甄别；根据脉冲形状甄别结果或脉冲宽度甄别结果,判定脉冲信号是α粒子脉冲信号或β粒子脉冲信号。从而,有效甄别α、β粒子脉冲信号,降低甄别过程中低能α粒子串道到β粒子的比率。(The method comprises the steps of conducting pulse amplitude screening on a digital pulse signal, wherein the digital pulse signal is obtained by conducting digital processing on the pulse signal to be screened, judging that the pulse signal is an α particle pulse signal if the pulse amplitude screening result is larger than a preset amplitude reference value, conducting pulse shape screening or pulse width screening on the digital pulse signal if the pulse amplitude screening result is not larger than the preset amplitude reference value, and judging that the pulse signal is a α particle pulse signal or a β particle pulse signal according to the pulse shape screening result or the pulse width screening result, so that the α and β particle pulse signals are effectively screened, and the ratio of low-energy α particle channel to β particles in the screening process is reduced.)
1. A method of discriminating between pulsed signals, comprising:
carrying out pulse amplitude discrimination on the digital pulse signals, wherein the digital pulse signals are obtained by carrying out digital processing on the pulse signals to be discriminated;
if the pulse amplitude discrimination result is larger than a preset amplitude reference value, determining that the pulse signal is α particle pulse signal;
if the pulse amplitude discrimination result is not greater than the preset amplitude reference value, performing pulse shape discrimination or pulse width discrimination on the digital pulse signal;
and determining that the pulse signal is an α particle pulse signal or a β particle pulse signal according to the result of the pulse shape discrimination or the result of the pulse width discrimination.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein,
the step of screening the digital pulse signals by pulse amplitude comprises the following steps:
integrating the digital pulse signal to obtain energy information, wherein the energy information is used for representing pulse amplitude information;
comparing the energy information with a preset energy reference value;
wherein the preset amplitude reference value comprises the preset energy reference value.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein,
the pulse shape discrimination of the digital pulse signal comprises the following steps:
comparing at least one item of shape information of the digital pulse signal with a reference value of a corresponding item of shape information,
wherein the shape information item includes a rising edge information item, a falling edge information item, or a waveform information item.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein,
the digital pulse signals for pulse amplitude discrimination are processed by a charge sensitive preamplifier in advance, the preset amplitude reference value is a preset energy reference value, and the digital pulse signals for pulse shape discrimination or pulse width discrimination are processed by a current sensitive preamplifier in advance;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the screened digital pulse signals are processed by a current sensitive preamplifier in advance.
5. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for discriminating pulse signals comprises:
the first screening module is used for screening the pulse amplitude of the digital pulse signal, and if the pulse amplitude screening result is larger than a preset amplitude reference value, the pulse signal is judged to be α particle pulse signal, wherein the digital pulse signal is obtained by digitally processing the pulse signal to be screened;
and the second screening module is used for carrying out pulse shape screening or pulse width screening on the digital pulse signal if the pulse amplitude screening result is not greater than the preset amplitude reference value, and judging whether the pulse signal is an α particle pulse signal or a β particle pulse signal according to the pulse shape screening result or the pulse width screening result.
6. The FPGA of claim 5, wherein,
the first screening module is configured to:
integrating the digital pulse signal to obtain energy information, wherein the energy information is used for representing pulse amplitude information, comparing the energy information with a preset energy reference value, and if the energy information is greater than the preset energy reference value, judging that the pulse signal is α particle pulse signal;
wherein the preset amplitude reference value comprises the preset energy reference value.
7. The FPGA of claim 5, wherein,
the second screening module is used for performing pulse shape screening on the digital pulse signals:
comparing at least one item of shape information of the digital pulse signal with a reference value of a corresponding item of shape information, deciding that the pulse signal is a α particle pulse signal if the item of shape information of the digital pulse signal matches the reference value of α particle corresponding shape information items, deciding that the pulse signal is a β particle pulse signal if the item of shape information of the digital pulse signal matches the reference value of β particle corresponding shape information items;
wherein the shape information item includes a rising edge information item, a falling edge information item, or a waveform information item.
8. The FPGA of claim 5, wherein,
the digital pulse signals for pulse amplitude discrimination are processed by a charge sensitive preamplifier in advance, the preset amplitude reference value is a preset energy reference value, and the digital pulse signals for pulse shape discrimination or pulse width discrimination are processed by a current sensitive preamplifier in advance;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the screened digital pulse signals are processed by a current sensitive preamplifier in advance.
9. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for discriminating pulse signals comprises:
a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform the method of discriminating a pulse signal as set forth in any of claims 1-4 based on instructions stored in the memory.
10. An apparatus for discriminating between pulsed signals, comprising:
the analog-digital converter is used for carrying out digital processing on the pulse signal to be discriminated to obtain a digital pulse signal;
the field programmable gate array FPGA of any one of claims 5-9.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the analog-to-digital converter comprises a first analog-to-digital converter and a second analog-to-digital converter;
the device further comprises: a charge sensitive preamplifier and a current sensitive preamplifier;
the charge sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected with a first analog-digital converter, and the first analog-digital converter is electrically connected with a first screening module of the FPGA; the current sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected with a second analog-digital converter, and the second analog-digital converter is electrically connected with a second screening module of the FPGA.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising: a current sensitive preamplifier;
the current sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected with the analog-digital converter, and the analog-digital converter is electrically connected with the FPGA.
13. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of discriminating between pulse signals according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the Field of radiation detection technologies, and in particular, to a method, an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), an apparatus, and a storage medium for discriminating a pulse signal.
Background
Portable α, β surface contamination meters that use dual scintillators consisting of zns (ag) scintillator coated on plastic scintillators and a single photodetector device to enable the measurement of α, β surface contamination.
During measurement, α particles basically only generate ionization effect and emit light in ZnS (Ag) scintillators, β particles mainly generate ionization effect and emit light in plastic scintillators, and the photoelectric detector device collects and converts the scintillation light into an electric signal to realize the measurement of α and β particles.
How to discriminate the type of ray generating the pulse signal is a key technology of the surface pollution meter.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides a scheme for discriminating a pulse signal, which can discriminate the kind of a ray generating the pulse signal.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of discriminating a pulse signal, including:
carrying out pulse amplitude discrimination on the digital pulse signals, wherein the digital pulse signals are obtained by carrying out digital processing on the pulse signals to be discriminated;
if the pulse amplitude discrimination result is larger than a preset amplitude reference value, determining that the pulse signal is α particle pulse signal;
if the pulse amplitude discrimination result is not greater than the preset amplitude reference value, performing pulse shape discrimination or pulse width discrimination on the digital pulse signal;
and determining that the pulse signal is an α particle pulse signal or a β particle pulse signal according to the result of the pulse shape discrimination or the result of the pulse width discrimination.
Optionally, the pulse amplitude discrimination of the digital pulse signal includes:
integrating the digital pulse signal to obtain energy information, wherein the energy information is used for representing pulse amplitude information;
comparing the energy information with a preset energy reference value;
wherein the preset amplitude reference value comprises the preset energy reference value.
Optionally, the pulse shape discriminating the digital pulse signal includes:
comparing at least one item of shape information of the digital pulse signal with a reference value of a corresponding item of shape information,
wherein the shape information item includes a rising edge information item, a falling edge information item, or a waveform information item.
Optionally, the digital pulse signal for pulse amplitude discrimination is processed by a charge sensitive preamplifier in advance, the preset amplitude reference value is a preset energy reference value, and the digital pulse signal for pulse shape discrimination or pulse width discrimination is processed by a current sensitive preamplifier in advance.
Optionally, the screened digital pulse signal is processed by a current sensitive preamplifier in advance.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a field programmable gate array FPGA for discriminating a pulse signal, including:
the first screening module is used for screening the pulse amplitude of the digital pulse signal, and if the pulse amplitude screening result is larger than a preset amplitude reference value, the pulse signal is judged to be α particle pulse signal, wherein the digital pulse signal is obtained by digitally processing the pulse signal to be screened;
and the second screening module is used for carrying out pulse shape screening or pulse width screening on the digital pulse signal if the pulse amplitude screening result is not greater than the preset amplitude reference value, and judging whether the pulse signal is an α particle pulse signal or a β particle pulse signal according to the pulse shape screening result or the pulse width screening result.
Optionally, the first screening module is configured to:
integrating the digital pulse signal to obtain energy information, wherein the energy information is used for representing pulse amplitude information, comparing the energy information with a preset energy reference value, and if the energy information is greater than the preset energy reference value, judging that the pulse signal is α particle pulse signal;
wherein the preset amplitude reference value comprises the preset energy reference value.
Optionally, the second screening module, when performing pulse shape screening on the digital pulse signal, is configured to:
comparing at least one item of shape information of the digital pulse signal with a reference value of a corresponding item of shape information, deciding that the pulse signal is a α particle pulse signal if the item of shape information of the digital pulse signal matches the reference value of α particle corresponding shape information items, deciding that the pulse signal is a β particle pulse signal if the item of shape information of the digital pulse signal matches the reference value of β particle corresponding shape information items;
wherein the shape information item includes a rising edge information item, a falling edge information item, or a waveform information item.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a field programmable gate array FPGA for discriminating a pulse signal, including:
a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform any of the methods of discriminating a pulse signal based on instructions stored in the memory.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for discriminating a pulse signal, including:
the analog-digital converter is used for carrying out digital processing on the pulse signal to be discriminated to obtain a digital pulse signal;
any one of the field programmable gate array FPGAs.
Optionally, the apparatus for discriminating a pulse signal further includes: a current sensitive preamplifier; the current sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected with the analog-digital converter, and the analog-digital converter is electrically connected with the FPGA.
Optionally, the analog-to-digital converter comprises a first analog-to-digital converter and a second analog-to-digital converter. The device further comprises: a charge sensitive preamplifier and a current sensitive preamplifier; the charge sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected with a first analog-digital converter, and the first analog-digital converter is electrically connected with a first screening module of the FPGA; the current sensitive preamplifier is electrically connected with a second analog-digital converter, and the second analog-digital converter is electrically connected with a second screening module of the FPGA.
Some embodiments of the disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out any of the steps of the method of discriminating between pulse signals.
Drawings
The drawings that will be used in the description of the embodiments or the related art will be briefly described below. The present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings,
it is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic of α particle pulse waveforms and β particle pulse waveforms.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of some embodiments of a method of discriminating between pulsed signals of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an RC integration circuit.
Fig. 4A is a schematic flow chart diagram of another embodiment of a method for discriminating between pulsed signals according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 4B is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating another embodiment of a method for discriminating between pulsed signals according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of a field programmable gate array FPGA for discriminating a pulse signal according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the field programmable gate array FPGA for discriminating a pulse signal according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 and 8 are schematic structural diagrams of some embodiments of the apparatus for discriminating a pulse signal according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
α, β surface contamination meter α particles produce ionization effect and emit light in ZnS (Ag) scintillator, β particles produce ionization effect and emit light in plastic scintillator, the scintillation light is collected by photodetector device and converted into electrical signal.
The inventor finds that α particle pulse waveforms and β particle pulse waveforms have certain differences as shown in fig. 1, and the particle pulses can be discriminated according to the differences.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of some embodiments of a method of discriminating between pulsed signals of the present disclosure. The method of this embodiment may be performed by an FPGA, for example.
As shown in fig. 2, the method of this embodiment includes:
In
For example, an analog-to-digital converter is used to digitize a pulse signal to be discriminated to obtain a digital pulse signal.
As shown in fig. 1, the amplitudes of the α particle pulse and the β particle pulse have some difference, and the amplitude of the α particle pulse is higher than that of the β particle pulse, so that the α particle pulse and the β particle pulse can be theoretically discriminated by pulse amplitude discrimination.
According to research, β particles have few serial channels to α particles and low-energy α particles have high serial channels to β particles by using pulse amplitude screening, therefore, if the pulse amplitude screening result is larger than a preset amplitude reference value, the judgment can be directly made, namely step 220 is executed, if the pulse amplitude screening result is not larger than the preset amplitude reference value, because the serial channels exist between the low-energy α particles and the β particles, the judgment cannot be accurately carried out, and step 230 needs to be executed to further screen.
In
The preset amplitude reference value can be determined according to amplitude information of α particle pulse signals measured by experiments.
In
As shown in fig. 1, the widths of the α particle pulse and the β particle pulse have certain differences, and the width of the α particle pulse is wider than that of the β particle pulse, so that the α particle pulse and the β particle pulse can be discriminated by pulse width discrimination.
As shown in fig. 1, the α particle pulse and β particle pulse have some difference in shape, for example, the rising or falling edge of the α particle pulse is smoother than the rising or falling edge of the β particle pulse, so that α particle pulse and β particle pulse can be discriminated by pulse shape discrimination.
In
If the pulse shape discrimination result matches α particle pulse shape reference information, the pulse signal is determined to be α particle pulse signal, and if the pulse shape discrimination result matches β particle pulse shape reference information, the pulse signal is determined to be β particle pulse signal.
If the pulse width discrimination result matches α particle pulse width reference information, the pulse signal is determined to be α particle pulse signal, and if the pulse width discrimination result matches β particle pulse width reference information, the pulse signal is determined to be β particle pulse signal.
The embodiment can effectively screen α, β particle pulse signals, and reduce the ratio of low-energy α particles to β particles in the screening process.
It has been found that the amplitude of the pulse is proportional to the incident particle energy, and therefore, the pulse amplitude information can be characterized using the energy information to achieve pulse amplitude discrimination, thereby more accurately representing the difference in amplitude between α and β particle pulses.
In view of this, the present disclosure also provides a method for discriminating a pulse amplitude of a digital pulse signal by an integration method. The method comprises the following steps:
and integrating the digital pulse signal to obtain energy information, wherein the energy information is used for representing pulse amplitude information, comparing the energy information with a preset energy reference value, and if the energy information is greater than the preset energy reference value, judging that the pulse signal is α particle pulse signal, wherein the preset amplitude reference value comprises the preset energy reference value.
The integration process can be implemented, for example, with reference to an RC integration circuit shown in fig. 3, where R denotes a resistor and C denotes a capacitor.
The disclosure also provides a method for discriminating the pulse shape of the digital pulse signal. The method comprises the following steps:
at least one item of shape information of the digital pulse signal is compared with a reference value of a corresponding shape information item, and if the shape information item of the digital pulse signal matches with the reference value of α particle corresponding shape information items, it is decided that the pulse signal is a α particle pulse signal, and if the shape information item of the digital pulse signal matches with the reference value of β particle corresponding shape information items, it is decided that the pulse signal is a β particle pulse signal.
Thus, α particle pulses and β particle pulses can be discriminated based on some or all of the waveform characteristics of the pulses.
Fig. 4A is a schematic flow chart diagram of another embodiment of a method for discriminating between pulsed signals according to the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4A, the method of this embodiment includes: and 310-360.
In
The current sensitive preamplifier can directly amplify an input current signal, and the output current or the current amplitude is in direct proportion to the input current signal, and is also called as a fast preamplifier, so that accurate time information can be obtained.
In
In
For example, the FPGA may adopt the aforementioned method of performing pulse amplitude discrimination on the digital pulse signal by an integration method, or may directly acquire the amplitude of the digital pulse signal to perform pulse amplitude discrimination.
In
In
In
In the embodiment, the current sensitive preamplifier is used for amplifying the pulse signal to be screened, so that the difference between α particle pulses and β particle pulses can be increased, and the α particle pulses and β particle pulses can be screened more accurately.
Fig. 4B is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating another embodiment of a method for discriminating between pulsed signals according to the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4B, the method of this embodiment includes:
at
The charge sensitive preamplifier can integrate the input current signal to output a voltage signal, i.e., energy information.
In
In
In
In step 450, the FPGA performs pulse amplitude discrimination on the first digital pulse signal, and compares the first digital pulse signal with a preset energy reference value.
At
In step 470, if the first digital pulse signal is not greater than the preset energy reference value, the FPGA performs pulse shape discrimination or pulse width discrimination on the second digital pulse signal.
At
According to the embodiment, the difference between α particle pulses and β particle pulses can be increased by amplifying the pulse signals to be screened by using the current sensitive preamplifier, the α particle pulses and the β particle pulses can be screened more accurately, the pulse signals to be screened are amplified by using the charge sensitive preamplifier, the pulse amplitude screening can be completed by directly comparing the pulse signals according to the preset energy reference value without deploying an integration function in the FPGA, and the function of the FPGA can be simplified.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of a field programmable gate array FPGA for discriminating a pulse signal according to the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 5, the FPGA of this embodiment includes logic modules 510-520. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the
And the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
at least one item of shape information of the digital pulse signal is compared with a reference value of a corresponding shape information item, the pulse signal is judged to be a α particle pulse signal if the shape information item of the digital pulse signal matches the reference value of α particle corresponding shape information items, and the pulse signal is judged to be a β particle pulse signal if the shape information item of the digital pulse signal matches the reference value of β particle corresponding shape information items, wherein the shape information items include a rising edge information item, a falling edge information item, or a waveform information item.
Therefore, α and β particle pulse signals are effectively screened, and the ratio of low-energy α particles to β particles in the screening process is reduced.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the field programmable gate array FPGA for discriminating a pulse signal according to the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 6, the FPGA of this embodiment includes:
a
The FPGA of this embodiment may also include an input-
The FPGA of this embodiment may also include
The disclosure also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of discriminating a pulse signal in any of the embodiments.
Fig. 7 and 8 are schematic structural diagrams of some embodiments of the apparatus for discriminating a pulse signal according to the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the apparatus of this embodiment includes:
the analog-digital converter 710 is used for performing digital processing on the pulse signal to be discriminated to obtain a digital pulse signal; and
the field programmable gate array FPGA720 in any of the embodiments.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the analog-to-digital converter 710 includes a first analog-to-digital converter 711 and a second analog-to-
The charge-sensitive preamplifier 730 is electrically connected with the first analog-digital converter 711, and the first analog-digital converter 711 is electrically connected with the
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the apparatus further comprises: a current sensitive preamplifier 830. The current-sensitive preamplifier 830 is electrically connected to the adc 710, and the adc 710 is electrically connected to the FPGA 720. Operation is described with reference to the embodiment of fig. 4A.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable non-transitory storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only exemplary of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, so that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
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