阅读说明：本技术 纵扭复合超声辅助挤压方法及装置 (Longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method and device ) 是由 向道辉 张志强 赵重阳 张晓辉 王晓博 雷小飞 赵波 高国富 焦锋 童景琳 于 2019-12-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种纵扭复合超声辅助挤压方法及装置,它包括换能器、变幅杆、挤压轴和挤压模具,所述换能器和变幅杆固定连接在一起,所述变幅杆的小端沿圆周间隔均布有条形的螺旋槽,变所述幅杆的小端端部通过双头螺栓与挤压垫片连接；所述变幅杆固定在一个空心的所述挤压轴内,所述挤压筒的一端设置挤所述压模具,所述挤压垫片能够伸入所述挤压筒的另一端；所述挤压轴将加热后的坯料挤压进所述挤压筒内,然后通过所述挤压模具挤出产品,超声波发生器与换能器连接,产生纵扭复合振动,实现超声辅助,增加金属的塑性。(The invention discloses a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method and a device, comprising an energy converter, an amplitude transformer, an extrusion shaft and an extrusion die, wherein the energy converter and the amplitude transformer are fixedly connected together; the amplitude transformer is fixed in the hollow extrusion shaft, one end of the extrusion container is provided with the extrusion die, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the other end of the extrusion container; the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion barrel, then the product is extruded through the extrusion die, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, ultrasonic assistance is realized, and the plasticity of metal is increased.)

1. A longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method comprises the following steps:

a. fixedly connecting the transducer with an amplitude transformer, wherein strip-shaped spiral grooves are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference at the small end of the amplitude transformer, and the small end of the amplitude transformer is connected with an extrusion gasket through a stud;

b. arranging a hollow extrusion shaft, fixing the amplitude transformer in the inner cavity of the extrusion shaft, arranging an extrusion container, arranging an extrusion die at one end of the extrusion container, and enabling an extrusion gasket to extend into the other end of the extrusion container;

c. the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion cylinder, then the product is extruded through the extrusion die, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, the vibration of the amplitude transformer is transmitted to the stud, and the stud is transmitted to the extrusion gasket, so that the effect of ultrasonic assistance is realized, the plasticity of metal is increased, the deformation resistance is reduced, the metal flowability is good, the stress of a workpiece is uniform, the friction between the blank and the die wall is reduced, the service life of the die is prolonged, and the better surface quality and the dimensional accuracy of a formed workpiece are obtained.

2. The method for the longitudinally-twisted composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extrusion die comprises a die frame, a rear ring, a front ring, a die sleeve, a die pad, an upper die, a lower die, a positioning pin and a connecting bolt, wherein the upper die is provided with a shunting hole, a shunting bridge and a die core, and the lower die is provided with a welding chamber and a die hole cavity; the extrusion gasket extrudes a blank, the blank flows into the welding chamber of the lower die through the shunting hole of the upper die, the welding chamber collects metal flowing out from the shunting hole together for welding again, and the extrusion force is continuously increased until the die hole is extruded due to continuous collection of the metal, so that ultrasonic-assisted extrusion is realized.

3. The method for the torque compound ultrasonic assisted extrusion as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the extrusion cylinder consists of an inner liner and an outer sleeve which are connected by interference fit and are combined together by hot fitting; the extrusion cylinder is connected with the extrusion die in a plane matching mode, the die core is fixed at the center of the upper die through a bolt, and the circumferential surface of the die core is provided with threads.

4. The method for the longitudinally-twisted composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extrusion shaft is a stepped hollow shaft, the large end of the amplitude transformer is provided with a connecting flange, the connecting flange is fixed on the stepped end face of the extrusion shaft through a pin, and the small end of the amplitude transformer and the end part of the extrusion shaft are on a vertical plane.

5. The method for the longitudinally-twisted composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket is provided with a round hole, so that the extrusion gasket can be rotated, and the assembly and disassembly are convenient; the transducer comprises piezoelectric ceramics and electrode plates, wherein the piezoelectric ceramics and the electrode plates are arranged in a staggered mode and fixed on the amplitude transformer through connecting bolts.

6. The utility model provides a compound supersound of longitudinal-torsional assists extrusion device, includes transducer, amplitude transformer, extrusion shaft and extrusion die, characterized by: the energy converter is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer, strip-shaped spiral grooves are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the small end of the amplitude transformer, and the end part of the small end of the amplitude transformer is connected with the extrusion gasket through a stud; the amplitude transformer is fixed in the hollow extrusion shaft, one end of the extrusion container is provided with the extrusion die, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the other end of the extrusion container; the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion barrel, then the product is extruded through the extrusion die, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, ultrasonic assistance is realized, and the plasticity of metal is increased.

7. The torque compound ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion device as recited in claim 6, wherein: the extrusion die comprises an upper die, a lower die, a positioning pin and a connecting bolt, wherein the upper die is provided with a shunting hole, a shunting bridge and a die core, and the lower die is provided with a welding chamber and a die hole cavity; the extrusion gasket extrudes a blank, the blank flows into the welding chamber of the lower die through the shunting holes of the upper die, the welding chamber collects metal flowing out from the shunting holes together for welding again, and the extrusion force is continuously increased until the extrusion die holes are extruded due to continuous collection of the metal, so that a product is formed.

8. The method for the torque compound ultrasonic assisted extrusion as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the extrusion cylinder consists of an inner liner and an outer sleeve which are connected in an interference fit manner and are combined together by utilizing a hot fitting; the extrusion cylinder is connected with the extrusion die in a plane matching mode, the die core is fixed at the center of the upper die through a bolt, and the circumferential surface of the die core is provided with threads.

9. The torque compound ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion device as recited in claim 6, wherein: the extrusion shaft is a stepped hollow shaft, a connecting flange is arranged at the large end of the amplitude transformer and is fixed on the stepped end face of the extrusion shaft through a pin, and the small end of the amplitude transformer and the end part of the extrusion shaft are on a vertical plane.

10. The torque compound ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion device as recited in claim 6, wherein: the cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket is provided with a round hole, so that the extrusion gasket can be rotated, and the assembly and disassembly are convenient; the transducer comprises piezoelectric ceramics and electrode plates, wherein the piezoelectric ceramics and the electrode plates are arranged in a staggered mode and fixed on the amplitude transformer through connecting bolts.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to extrusion equipment, in particular to a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method and device.

Background art:

with the rapid development of science and technology, metal extrusion plays an increasingly important role in society, but in the conventional extrusion process, due to the uneven fluidity of metal during extrusion, the phenomenon of uneven structure performance of the surface layer and the center, and the head and the tail of an extruded product exists. The extrusion tool and die have bad working conditions and large loss of the tool and die, the ingredients are in an approximately closed state during extrusion, and the three-way pressure is high, so that the die has a high pressure effect. Meanwhile, the tool die is usually subjected to high temperature and high friction during hot extrusion, so that the strength and the service life of the die are greatly influenced. The metal deformation of the workpiece surface is not ideal and the desired effect is not achieved in many cases.

The invention content is as follows:

the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method and a device which have reasonable design, increase metal plasticity, reduce the friction force between a blank and a die, improve the product quality and prolong the service life of the die.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method comprises the following steps:

a. fixedly connecting the transducer with an amplitude transformer, wherein strip-shaped spiral grooves are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference at the small end of the amplitude transformer, and the small end of the amplitude transformer is connected with an extrusion gasket through a stud;

b. arranging a hollow extrusion shaft, fixing the amplitude transformer in the inner cavity of the extrusion shaft, arranging an extrusion container, arranging an extrusion die at one end of the extrusion container, and enabling an extrusion gasket to extend into the other end of the extrusion container;

c. the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion cylinder, then the product is extruded through the extrusion die, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, the vibration of the amplitude transformer is transmitted to the stud, and the stud is transmitted to the extrusion gasket, so that the effect of ultrasonic assistance is realized, the plasticity of metal is increased, the deformation resistance is reduced, the metal flowability is good, the stress of a workpiece is uniform, the friction between the blank and the die wall is reduced, the service life of the die is prolonged, and the better surface quality and the dimensional accuracy of a formed workpiece are obtained.

The extrusion die comprises a die frame, a rear ring, a front ring, a die sleeve, a die pad, an upper die, a lower die, a positioning pin and a connecting bolt, wherein the upper die is provided with a shunting hole, a shunting bridge and a die core, and the lower die is provided with a welding chamber and a die hole cavity; the extrusion gasket extrudes a blank, the blank flows into the welding chamber of the lower die through the shunting hole of the upper die, the welding chamber collects metal flowing out from the shunting hole together for welding again, and the extrusion force is continuously increased until the die hole is extruded due to continuous collection of the metal, so that ultrasonic-assisted extrusion is realized.

The extrusion cylinder consists of an inner liner and an outer sleeve which are connected by interference fit and are combined together by hot fitting; the extrusion cylinder is connected with the extrusion die in a plane matching mode, the die core is fixed at the center of the upper die through a bolt, and the circumferential surface of the die core is provided with threads.

The extrusion shaft is a stepped hollow shaft, the large end of the amplitude transformer is provided with a connecting flange, the connecting flange is fixed on the stepped end face of the extrusion shaft through a pin, and the small end of the amplitude transformer and the end part of the extrusion shaft are on a vertical plane.

The cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket is provided with a round hole, so that the extrusion gasket can be rotated, and the assembly and disassembly are convenient; the transducer comprises piezoelectric ceramics and electrode plates, wherein the piezoelectric ceramics and the electrode plates are arranged in a staggered mode and fixed on the amplitude transformer through connecting bolts.

A longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion device comprises an energy converter, an amplitude transformer, an extrusion shaft and an extrusion die, wherein the energy converter and the amplitude transformer are fixedly connected together, strip-shaped spiral grooves are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the small end of the amplitude transformer, and the end part of the small end of the amplitude transformer is connected with an extrusion gasket through a stud; the amplitude transformer is fixed in the hollow extrusion shaft, one end of the extrusion container is provided with the extrusion die, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the other end of the extrusion container; the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion barrel, then the product is extruded through the extrusion die, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, ultrasonic assistance is realized, and the plasticity of metal is increased.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention introduces ultrasonic wave into conventional extrusion, utilizes the ultrasonic standing wave characteristic to increase metal plasticity, reduce deformation resistance, reduce friction coefficient between blank and die wall, and increase lubricating effect, thereby fully exerting equipment potential, improving part quality and die life, simplifying surface treatment, improving labor condition, and reducing cost.

2. Compared with the conventional extrusion, the ultrasonic vibration extrusion process is stable, the acting force is small, the stress of the workpiece is uniform, the metal fluidity is good, the surface quality of the workpiece is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the relatively good surface quality and the relatively high dimensional precision of the molded workpiece are obtained.

3. The outer sleeve and the lining of the extrusion container are connected in an interference fit manner, so that the lining is convenient to replace when the extrusion container is worn, and the extrusion container and the extrusion die are connected in a plane fit manner, so that the unit pressure borne by the die and the end surface of the lining is small and the lining is not easy to deform.

4. The cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket is provided with the round hole, so that the extrusion gasket is favorable for rotating, the extrusion gasket is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the use efficiency is improved.

5. The invention has reasonable design, increases the metal plasticity, reduces the friction force between the blank and the die, improves the product quality, prolongs the service life of the die and has good economic benefit.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an overall three-dimensional schematic of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the container of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the extrusion shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the extrusion die of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view of the construction of the extrusion shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the upper die and lower die of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a connection pad of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the upper die of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the upper die of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a plan view of the lower die of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows: