阅读说明：本技术 制动系统及装载机 (Braking system and loader ) 是由 邹广平 韦茂志 尚进新 朱长寿 刘宏博 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及制动系统,为解决单管路制动系统多个制动元件中任一元件出现故障都可导致制动性能下降的安全隐患的问题。从而提供一种制动系统及装载机,其中驻车制动用气罐和行车制动用气罐各自通过单向阀与充气阀连接,行车制动阀连接在行车制动用气罐与梭阀第一进气端之间,气手刹阀进气端与驻车制动用气罐连接,气手刹阀第一出气端与鼓式制动器连接,第二出气端经开关阀与梭阀的第二进气端连接,梭阀的出气端与加力器连接,气手刹阀的进气端与第一出气端或第二出气端择一导通。本发明中制动系统,本发明中采用多回路的制动系统,实施紧急制动的制动性能不低于行车制动的性能,可提高制动系统的可靠性和安全性。(The invention relates to a braking system, and aims to solve the problem of potential safety hazard that braking performance can be reduced when any one of a plurality of braking elements of a single-pipeline braking system fails. The air tank for parking braking and the air tank for service braking are respectively connected with the inflation valve through the one-way valve, the service braking valve is connected between the air tank for service braking and the first air inlet end of the shuttle valve, the air inlet end of the air hand braking valve is connected with the air tank for parking braking, the first air outlet end of the air hand braking valve is connected with the drum brake, the second air outlet end is connected with the second air inlet end of the shuttle valve through the switch valve, the air outlet end of the shuttle valve is connected with the booster, and the air inlet end of the air hand braking valve is alternatively communicated with the first air outlet end or the second air outlet end. The braking system adopts a multi-loop braking system, the braking performance of implementing emergency braking is not lower than that of service braking, and the reliability and the safety of the braking system can be improved.)

1. A braking system comprises an inflating pump, an inflating valve connected with the inflating pump, a braking air tank, a service brake valve, an assistor, a service brake connected with the assistor, and a drum brake connected with an air hand brake valve, and is characterized by also comprising a switch valve and a shuttle valve; the gas pitcher is used in the braking includes that parking braking uses the gas pitcher and the gas pitcher is used in the service braking, parking braking is used the gas pitcher and the service braking is connected with the inflation valve through the check valve separately with the gas pitcher, the service braking valve inlet end is connected with the service braking gas pitcher, the service braking valve is given vent to anger the end and is connected with the first inlet end of shuttle valve, the inlet end and the parking braking gas pitcher of air manual brake valve are connected, and the first end of giving vent to anger of air manual brake valve is connected with drum brake, and the second of air manual brake valve is given vent to anger the end warp the ooff valve with the second inlet end of shuttle valve is connected, the end of giving vent to anger of shuttle valve with the booster is connected, the inlet end and the first end of giving vent to anger of air manual brake.

2. The brake system of claim 1, wherein the service brake air tanks include a first air tank and a second air tank each connected to an inflation valve through a check valve, the service brake valve is a two-circuit brake valve, the shuttle valve includes a first shuttle valve and a second shuttle valve, the service brake includes a front axle brake and a rear axle brake, the booster includes a first booster and a second booster connected to the front axle brake and the rear axle brake, respectively, a first inlet end and a second inlet end of the service brake valve are connected to the first air tank and the second air tank, respectively, a first outlet end and a second outlet end of the service brake valve are connected to first inlet ends of the first shuttle valve and the second shuttle valve, respectively, the switching valve is connected to second inlet ends of the first shuttle valve and the second shuttle valve, respectively, an outlet end of the first shuttle valve is connected to the first booster, the air outlet end of the second shuttle valve is connected with the second assistor.

3. A brake system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a pressure reducing valve is provided between the on-off valve and the shuttle valve.

4. A brake system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a quick release valve is provided between the air hand brake valve and the drum brake.

5. The brake system of claim 4, wherein the quick release valve is a two-position three-way valve having a control port connected to the air inlet port and a third port open to atmosphere.

6. A braking system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the on-off valve is a two-position three-way valve.

7. A loader characterized by a braking system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a brake system, and more particularly, to a brake system and a loader.

Background

The brake system functions of engineering machinery such as a loader comprise service brake, parking brake and emergency stop brake, wherein the service brake is to brake a vehicle by a driver stepping on a brake pedal in the running process of the vehicle; the parking brake is a brake which is adopted after the vehicle stops, and is usually realized by pulling up a hand brake by a driver; emergency stop braking is the braking that is applied when an emergency situation is encountered. Engineering machinery often adopts the pneumatic jacking oil braking system, and this type of braking system includes inflating pump, the gas pitcher for braking, service brake valve, booster, service brake, gas manual brake valve, drum brake. The inflating pump inflates the brake air tank through the inflating valve and the one-way valve, the air inlet end of the service brake valve is connected with the brake air tank, the air outlet end of the service brake valve is connected with the booster, and the booster is connected with the service brake. The air hand brake valve is connected between the air tank for braking and the drum brake. When the vehicle is braked during running, the service brake valve is stepped, compressed air in the braking air tank enters the booster through the service brake valve, and the booster transmits brake fluid to the service brake for service braking. When the parking brake is not started, the air hand brake valve is in a conducting state, compressed air in the air tank for braking enters the drum brake through the air hand brake valve, the drum brake does not brake, the air hand brake valve is pulled up during the parking brake, an air passage between the air tank for braking and the drum brake is cut off, the compressed air in the drum brake is released to the atmosphere, and a spring of the drum brake pushes a brake pad to brake, so that the parking brake is realized. The emergency brake function in existing loaders is typically accomplished by parking brakes.

The above-mentioned prior art braking system has the following disadvantages:

first, the part quantity is more in the braking system, and when any spare part and pipeline appear the trouble such as card is died, is revealed, is blockked up, and service braking performance can descend and lose even, has great potential safety hazard.

Secondly, when emergency parking is needed in special situations, the drum brake drum type emergency parking system is unstable in friction force, long in braking distance and prone to potential safety hazards.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of potential safety hazards caused by lower reliability of a single-pipeline braking system, unstable friction force during emergency parking and longer braking distance. Therefore, the brake system can avoid the situation that the single-pipeline brake system is low in safety, provides stable friction force during emergency braking, can manually release the brake pressure of the front axle and the rear axle after stopping and stabilizing the machine on the flat ground to prevent the brake elements from being damaged by fatigue, and improves the reliability of the brake system.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the braking system comprises an inflating pump, an inflating valve connected with the inflating pump, a braking air tank, a service braking valve, an assistor, a service brake connected with the assistor, and a drum brake connected with an air hand brake valve, and is characterized by further comprising a switch valve and a shuttle valve; the gas pitcher is used in the braking includes that parking braking uses the gas pitcher and the gas pitcher is used in the service braking, parking braking is used the gas pitcher and the service braking is connected with the inflation valve through the check valve separately with the gas pitcher, the service braking valve inlet end is connected with the service braking gas pitcher, the service braking valve is given vent to anger the end and is connected with the first inlet end of shuttle valve, the inlet end and the parking braking gas pitcher of air manual brake valve are connected, and the first end of giving vent to anger of air manual brake valve is connected with drum brake, and the second of air manual brake valve is given vent to anger the end warp the ooff valve with the second inlet end of shuttle valve is connected, the end of giving vent to anger of shuttle valve with the booster is connected, the inlet end and the first end of giving vent to anger of air manual brake. In the invention, when the machine needs to perform emergency braking, the air hand brake valve is pulled up, the drum brake performs braking at the moment, and meanwhile, compressed air in the air tank for parking braking enters the booster through the air hand brake valve, the switch valve and the shuttle valve, so that the service brake also performs braking action, thereby increasing the braking force of the machine, realizing emergency braking of the machine by the drum brake and the service brake in emergency, and rapidly decelerating and stopping the machine. After the machine is stopped stably on flat ground, the switch valve can be closed, the compressed air in the air tank for parking brake can not act on the service brake through the switch valve, and the parking brake is realized only by the drum brake. In the present brake system, the parking brake and the emergency brake are supplied with air from the parking brake air tank alone. When the air supply circuit for braking fails and braking is not possible, the compressed air in the air tank for parking braking can enter the booster through the switch valve and the shuttle valve to perform mechanical braking, so that the reliability of a mechanical braking system is improved.

Further, in the above brake system, the service brake gas tank includes a first gas tank and a second gas tank that are connected to the inflation valve through a check valve, the service brake valve is a two-loop brake valve, the shuttle valve includes a first shuttle valve and a second shuttle valve, the service brake includes a front axle brake and a rear axle brake, the booster includes a first booster and a second booster that are connected to the front axle brake and the rear axle brake, respectively, a first inlet end and a second inlet end of the service brake valve are connected to the first gas tank and the second gas tank, respectively, a first outlet end and a second outlet end of the service brake valve are connected to a first inlet end of the first shuttle valve and a first inlet end of the second shuttle valve, respectively, the switch valve is connected to a second inlet end of the first shuttle valve and a second shuttle valve, and an outlet end of the first shuttle valve is connected to the first booster, the air outlet end of the second shuttle valve is connected with the second assistor. The front axle brake and the rear axle brake of the service brake respectively supply air through independent air paths, and even if one air path fails, the other braking air path can still normally work to realize mechanical braking, so that the mechanical braking safety is ensured.

Further, in the brake system, a pressure reducing valve is provided between the on-off valve and the shuttle valve.

Further, in the above brake system, a quick release valve is provided between the air hand brake valve and the drum brake. The quick release valve is a two-position three-way valve, the control end of the quick release valve is connected with the air inlet end, and the third air port is communicated with the atmosphere. When the first air outlet end of the air hand brake valve is communicated with the air inlet end, the first air outlet end of the air hand brake valve is communicated with the drum brake through the quick release valve, and when the second air outlet end of the air hand brake valve is communicated with the air inlet end, the drum brake is communicated with the atmosphere through the quick release valve. When the parking brake is to be realized after the air hand brake valve is pulled up, the compressed air entering the drum brake is quickly exhausted to the atmosphere through the quick release valve, so that the drum brake can quickly implement the brake.

Further, in the brake system, the switching valve is a two-position three-way valve. When the switch valve is in the upper position, the second air outlet end of the air hand brake valve is communicated with the shuttle valve through the switch valve, and when the switch valve is in the lower position, the second air outlet end of the shuttle valve is communicated with the atmosphere through the switch valve to release compressed air in the air path.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a loader is provided, which is characterized by comprising the brake system.

Compared with the prior art, the braking system adopts a multi-loop braking system, the braking performance of implementing emergency braking is not lower than that of service braking, and the reliability and the safety of the braking system can be improved; meanwhile, after the machine is stopped stably on a horizontal ground, the brake of the service brake can be released manually, and the fatigue damage of a brake element caused by long-time brake pressure is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a braking system in a loader of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the brake system in the loader comprises an inflating pump 1, an inflating valve 2 connected with the inflating pump 1, a brake air tank, a service brake valve 7, an assistor, a service brake connected with the assistor, a drum brake 12 connected with an air hand brake valve 10, a switch valve 13 and a shuttle valve.

The air tank for braking comprises an air tank 6 for parking braking and an air tank for driving braking, the air tank for driving braking comprises a first air tank 5 and a second air tank 4, the air tank 6 for parking braking is connected with the inflation valve 2 through a one-way valve 33, the first air tank 5 is connected with the inflation valve 2 through a one-way valve 31, and the second air tank 4 is connected with the inflation valve 2 through a one-way valve 32.

The service brake valve is a two-circuit brake valve comprising a first shuttle valve 151 and a second shuttle valve 152, the service brake comprising a front axle brake 91 and a rear axle brake 92, the force multiplier comprising a first force multiplier 81 and a second force multiplier 82; the first booster 81 is connected between the front axle brake 91 and the outlet end of the first shuttle valve 151, and the second booster 82 is connected between the rear axle brake 92 and the outlet end of the second shuttle valve 152. The first air inlet end of the first shuttle valve 151 is connected with the first air outlet end of the service brake valve 7, the first air inlet end of the second shuttle valve 152 is connected with the second air outlet end of the service brake valve 7, the first air inlet end of the service brake valve 7 is connected with the first air tank 5, and the second air inlet end of the service brake valve 7 is connected with the second air tank 4.

The air inlet end of the air hand brake valve 10 is connected with the air tank 6 for parking braking, the first air outlet end of the air hand brake valve 10 is connected with the drum brake 12 through the quick release valve 11, and the second air outlet end of the air hand brake valve 10 is simultaneously connected with the second air inlet ends of the first shuttle valve 151 and the second shuttle valve 152 through the switch valve 13 and the pressure reducing valve 14. The air inlet end of the air hand brake valve 10 is alternatively communicated with the first air outlet end or the second air outlet end.

The quick release valve 11 is a two-position three-way valve, the control end of the quick release valve is connected with the air inlet end, and the third air port is communicated with the atmosphere. When the first end of giving vent to anger of gas manual brake valve 10 switches on with the inlet end, the first end of giving vent to anger of gas manual brake valve 10 switches on with drum brake 12 through quick-release valve 11, and when the second end of giving vent to anger of gas manual brake valve 10 switches on with the inlet end, drum brake 12 switches on with the atmosphere through quick-release valve 11. When the parking brake is to be realized after the air hand brake valve is pulled up, the compressed air entering the drum brake 12 is quickly exhausted to the atmosphere through the quick release valve, so that the drum brake can quickly implement the brake.

The switch valve is a two-position three-way valve. When the switch valve is in an upper position, the second air outlet end of the air hand brake valve is communicated with the shuttle valve through the switch valve, and when the switch valve is in a lower position, the second air outlet end of the shuttle valve is communicated with the atmosphere through the switch valve to release compressed air in the air path.

In this embodiment, when the loader needs to perform emergency braking, the air hand brake valve is pulled up, the drum brake performs parking braking, and at the same time, compressed air in the air tank for parking braking enters the first booster 81 and the second booster 82 through the air hand brake valve 10, the switching valve 13, the pressure reducing valve 14, the first shuttle valve 151 and the second shuttle valve 152, respectively, to perform braking on the front axle and the rear axle, thereby increasing the braking force of the loader, and at the same time, when any one of the three-way brake system fails, the other two-way brake system can work normally. After the loader is stably stopped on the flat ground, the switch valve 13 can be closed, the compressed air in the air tank for parking brake can not pass through the switch valve 13, so that the service brake can not generate brake action, and the parking brake is only carried out by the drum brake when the loader is stably stopped on the flat ground, so that the brake element pressure of the front axle and the rear axle is released. In addition, the parking brake and the emergency brake use the air supply of the air tank for the parking brake alone, and when the air supply path for the service brake fails and the brake cannot be performed, the compressed air of the air tank for the parking brake enters the booster through the on-off valve 13 and the shuttle valve to perform the brake of the loader, thereby improving the reliability of the brake system of the loader.