阅读说明：本技术 一种钢轨激光强化或维修用多功能平板车及其作业方法 (Multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of steel rail and operation method thereof ) 是由 游鹏辉 许克亮 张琨 张�浩 殷勤 邱绍峰 周明翔 刘辉 郭文浩 罗小华 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钢轨激光强化或维修用多功能平板车,包括车架以及设置在车架下的非动力轮,设置在车架上的对接装置和升降式的驱动轮；为各种不同种类的钢轨维修工艺设备构造了多功能的平板车,其升降式驱动轮具有恒低速、自重增加驱动轮摩擦力、液压驱动平稳度高等特点,为钢轨维修作业提供特定驱动,同时可以利用轨道车由非动力轮走行快速牵引转移,可以满足多种工艺设备的承载要求,根据天窗期、作业区域的工艺需要,可安装对应的某一种集装车体模块,快速组装出动作业,前期标准模块化制造成本低,后期在线组装使用方便；更可以同时集成两种以上的集装车体模块,一次出动即可完成两个以上的作业工艺和环节,维修效率高、质量好。(The invention discloses a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of steel rails, which comprises a car frame, non-powered wheels arranged below the car frame, a butt joint device arranged on the car frame and a lifting driving wheel; the multifunctional flat car is constructed for various different types of steel rail maintenance process equipment, the lifting type driving wheel of the multifunctional flat car has the characteristics of constant low speed, self weight increase of the friction force of the driving wheel, high hydraulic driving stability and the like, specific driving is provided for steel rail maintenance operation, meanwhile, the track car can be used for being quickly pulled and transferred by the running of the non-power wheel, the bearing requirements of various process equipment can be met, a certain corresponding container car body module can be installed according to the process requirements of a skylight period and an operation area, the operation can be quickly assembled, the early standard modular manufacturing cost is low, and the later on-line assembly and use are convenient; more can integrate more than two kinds of collection dress automobile body modules simultaneously, go out to move and can accomplish more than two operation technology and links, maintenance efficiency is high, of high quality.)

1. The utility model provides a rail laser strengthening or maintenance are with multi-functional flatbed which characterized in that: the multifunctional flat car (1) comprises a car frame (11), non-powered wheels (12) arranged below the car frame (11), a butt joint device (14) arranged on the car frame (11) and a lifting type driving wheel (13) arranged below the car frame (11);

when on-line steel rail maintenance operation is carried out, the container vehicle bodies (2) for maintaining a plurality of different types of steel rails are installed on the vehicle frame (11) through the docking device (14) singly or jointly, and the container vehicle bodies (2) for maintaining other types of steel rails can be replaced through the docking device (14); and when the multifunctional flat car is in a non-operation state, the multifunctional flat car (1) and the container car body (2) are disassembled and separated.

2. The multi-functional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 1, wherein:

the different types of container bodies (2) comprise a steel rail laser quenching container body (21), a steel rail grinding container body (22), a steel rail laser strengthening container body (23), a steel rail laser cladding container body (24), a steel rail laser melting and quenching container body (25) and a steel rail laser solid solution aging container body (26).

3. The multi-functional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 2, wherein:

the front end and the rear end of the frame (11) are provided with hooks (15) which are used for being connected with an external rail car, and the multifunctional flat car (1) is pulled to an operation area by the external rail car.

4. The multi-functional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 3, wherein:

in the process that the external rail car pulls the multifunctional flat car (1), the driving wheel (13) is in a lifting state and is locked by a locking mechanism; when the vehicle works in a working area, the driving wheel (13) falls onto the steel rail through the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and is pressed on the steel rail by utilizing the gravity of the vehicle body so as to increase the driving friction force; the driving wheel (13) adopts a hydraulic driving motor, and oil is conveyed to the driving wheel through a vehicle-mounted hydraulic station so as to obtain stable and constant speed output to be used as a self-driving power source of the multifunctional flat car (1).

5. The multifunctional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 4, wherein:

the lifting driving wheel (13) is positioned in the middle of the frame (11) and between the two non-power wheels (12).

6. The multifunctional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 4, wherein:

the lifting driving wheels (13) are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the frame (11) and at the outer ends of the non-power wheels (12).

7. The multifunctional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 4, wherein:

frame (11) with reserve between collection dress automobile body (2) has electric interface, frame (11) with collection dress automobile body (2) are installed and are accomplished energy and information intercommunication between multi-functional flatbed (1), collection dress automobile body (2) through connecting electric interface after finishing.

8. The multi-functional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails according to claim 7, wherein:

the energy of the container vehicle body (2) provides lifting power and walking power for the lifting driving wheel (13).

9. A method for operating a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or repairing a steel rail according to any one of claims 4 to 8, comprising the steps of:

s1, transporting the container vehicle body (2) to a working area, and dragging the multifunctional flat car (1) to the working area through an external rail car;

s2, mounting the container body (2) on the multifunctional flat car (1);

s3, after the whole operation of the multifunctional flat car (1) provided with the container car body (2) is towed to a designated operation area through an external rail car, the rail car is separated from the multifunctional flat car (1), and a driving wheel (13) of the multifunctional flat car (1) descends to contact with a rail surface of a steel rail;

s4, the driving wheel (13) drives the whole operation to walk, and the operation equipment in the container truck body (2) carries out on-line maintenance on the steel rail;

s5, after the operation is finished, the driving wheel (13) rises to be separated from the steel rail;

s6, separating the container body (2) from the multifunctional flat car (1) and carrying away the container body, and connecting the external rail car with the multifunctional flat car (1) to pull the container body away.

10. The method for operating a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or repairing a steel rail according to claim 9, wherein:

in step S2, the multi-purpose flat car (1) is simultaneously mounted with at least two different types of container bodies (2);

and/or, in step S6, unloading one of the types of container bodies, replacing the other type of container body (2), and then repeating steps S3-S6.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of online maintenance of steel rails, and particularly relates to a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of steel rails and an operation method thereof.

Background

The railway, intercity, urban railway and urban rail transit in China develop rapidly, the operation mileage reaches huge scale, under the background of railway acceleration, the direct bearing infrastructure of the train, namely the steel rail, bears huge operation pressure, and due to the wheel rail effect, the steel rail can generate serious abrasion in the service period, the service life of the steel rail is obviously shortened, and a large amount of steel rail replacement is carried out every year, so that huge economic loss is caused, and the service life of the steel rail is prolonged, thereby having great significance for the operation, maintenance and repair of railway and urban rail transit in China.

At present, the following processes and corresponding equipment are mainly used for steel rail maintenance:

laser quenching: the laser is used as a heat source to heat the area to be processed to cause the area to be processed to be austenitized but not melted, and after the laser beam is removed, the laser heating area is cooled at a cooling speed which is faster than the critical quenching speed of the steel substrate due to the heat conduction effect of the steel substrate, so that the austenitized area is converted into martensite.

Polishing: when the steel rail is worn in use, the defect part of the steel rail is subjected to shape-repairing grinding through grinding equipment.

Laser strengthening: laser Shock Peening (LSP) technology, also known as Laser Peening technology. When high-power-density (GW/cm magnitude) short-pulse (10-30 ns magnitude) laser acts on an energy absorption coating coated on the metal surface through a transparent constraint layer, the coating absorbs laser energy and is rapidly gasified, and a large amount of dense high-temperature (>10K) and high-pressure (>1GPa) plasmas are almost formed at the same time. The plasma continues to absorb laser energy and rapidly rises in temperature to expand, and then the plasma explodes to form high-strength shock waves to act on the metal surface. When the peak pressure of the shock wave exceeds the dynamic yield strength of the material, the material plastically deforms and creates a compressive stress perpendicular to the surface of the material at the surface layer. After the laser action is finished, the mechanical effect of the laser is shown as that the surface of the material obtains higher residual compressive stress due to the reaction of the material around the impact area. The residual compressive stress reduces the tensile stress level in the alternating load, reducing the average stress level, and thereby increasing the fatigue crack initiation life. Meanwhile, the existence of the residual compressive stress can cause the closing effect of the crack, thereby effectively reducing the driving force of the fatigue crack expansion and prolonging the fatigue crack expansion life.

Laser cladding: and melting the added alloy powder and part of the matrix together by using laser as a heat source to change the surface composition of the area to be processed, so as to form a cladding layer mainly based on the added alloy powder. This is because the alloy powder undergoes a process of melting the powder into a liquid state and then solidifying it into a solid coating by the laser.

Laser melting and quenching: the laser is used as a heat source to heat a region to be processed, so that the surface part is melted and is converted from a solid state to a liquid state, and the temperature of the subsurface layer is between the melting point and the austenitizing temperature, which is called as a heat affected zone. And then, the laser melting pool and the heat affected zone are rapidly cooled to room temperature under the action of heat conduction of the substrate, and the surface melting area is subjected to solidification and solid phase transformation processes to form a fine acicular martensite structure. The heat affected zone of the subsurface layer is quenched to form an acicular martensite structure.

Laser solid solution aging: aiming at metals which do not generate phase change in the heating and cooling process, laser is used as a heat source, and the surface structure of the substrate is subjected to solid solution treatment by irradiating the surface of the substrate, so that refractory compounds in the metals are fused into a high-temperature region under the action of the laser. After the laser beam is removed, a supersaturated solid solution is formed. The material is then tempered at a relatively low temperature for a prolonged period of time (known in the art as ageing) to allow the compound to diffuse out of solid solution and thereby achieve surface strengthening of the material.

However, each rail maintenance process needs to be provided with respective operation equipment, the types of the rail maintenance processes are different, the operation vehicles are generally integrated, namely, the vehicle body and the on-vehicle equipment are not detachable, the manufacturing and using cost is high, the rail maintenance processes belong to different operation teams, the management difficulty is high, the operation vehicles are respectively and independently operated, only one process maintenance can be generally carried out in one operation within a limited skylight period, and the efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at least one of the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of steel rails, which abandons the integral design concept and constructs the multifunctional flat car for various different types of steel rail maintenance process equipment, the lifting driving wheel has the characteristics of constant low speed, self weight, increased driving wheel friction, high hydraulic driving stability and the like, provides specific driving for steel rail maintenance operation, meanwhile, the rail car can be used for fast traction and transfer by the running of the non-power wheels, the bearing requirements of various process equipment such as grinding, laser strengthening, laser cladding, laser melting and quenching, laser solution aging and the like can be met, according to the technological requirements of a skylight period and an operation area, a corresponding certain container vehicle body module can be installed, the operation can be quickly assembled, the manufacturing cost of the early-stage standard module is low, and the later-stage online assembly and use are convenient; more can integrate more than two kinds of collection dress automobile body modules simultaneously, go out to move and can accomplish the operation technology and the link more than two, maintenance efficiency is high, of high quality, has avoided the destruction that the operation train of dividing operation caused the operation of the time to the operation of the previous time.

To achieve the above objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-functional flat car for laser reinforcement or maintenance of rails, wherein: the multifunctional flat car comprises a frame, non-powered wheels arranged below the frame, a butt joint device arranged on the frame and a lifting type driving wheel arranged below the frame;

when on-line steel rail maintenance operation is carried out, the container vehicle bodies for maintaining a plurality of different types of steel rails are installed on the vehicle frame through the butt joint device independently or jointly, and the container vehicle bodies for maintaining other types of steel rails can be replaced through the butt joint device; and when the multifunctional flat car is in a non-operation state, the multifunctional flat car and the container car body are disassembled and separated.

Preferably, the different types of container bodies comprise a steel rail laser quenching container body, a steel rail grinding container body, a steel rail laser strengthening container body, a steel rail laser cladding container body, a steel rail laser melting and quenching container body and a steel rail laser solid solution aging container body.

Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the frame are provided with hooks which are used for being connected with an external rail car, and the external rail car pulls the multifunctional flat car to a working area.

Preferably, the lifting driving wheel is arranged below the frame, and the driving wheel is in a lifting state and locked by a locking mechanism in the process that the external rail car pulls the multifunctional flat car; when the vehicle works in a working area, the driving wheel falls onto the steel rail through the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and is pressed on the steel rail by utilizing the self gravity of the vehicle body to increase the driving friction force; the driving wheel adopts a hydraulic driving motor, and oil is conveyed to the driving wheel through a vehicle-mounted hydraulic station so as to obtain stable and constant speed output to be used as a self-driving power source of the multifunctional flat car.

Preferably, the lifting driving wheel is positioned in the middle of the frame and between the two non-powered wheels.

Preferably, the lifting driving wheels are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the frame and at the outer ends of the non-power wheels.

Preferably, an electrical interface is reserved between the frame and the container vehicle body, and the energy and information communication between the multifunctional flat car and the container vehicle body is realized by connecting the electrical interface after the frame and the container vehicle body are installed.

Preferably, the energy source of the container body provides lifting power and walking power for the lifting driving wheel.

In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for operating a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of a rail, comprising the steps of:

s1, transporting the container truck body to a working area, and dragging the multifunctional flat car to the working area through an external rail car;

s2, mounting the container body on the multifunctional flat car;

s3, after the operation of the multifunctional flat car provided with the container car body is integrally dragged to a designated operation area through an external rail car, the rail car is separated from the multifunctional flat car, and the driving wheel of the multifunctional flat car descends to contact with the rail surface of the steel rail;

s4, the driving wheels drive the whole body to walk, and operation equipment in the integrated truck body maintains the steel rail on line;

s5, after the operation is finished, the driving wheel rises to separate from the steel rail;

and S6, separating the container body from the multifunctional flat car and carrying away the container body, and connecting the external rail car with the multifunctional flat car to pull the multifunctional flat car away.

Preferably, in step S2, at least two different types of container bodies are simultaneously mounted on the multi-purpose flat car;

and/or, in step S6, unloading one of the types of container bodies, replacing the other type of container body, and then repeating steps S3-S6.

The above-described preferred features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintaining the steel rails abandons the integral design concept, constructs the multifunctional flat car for various different types of steel rail maintenance process equipment, can meet the bearing requirements of various process equipment such as laser quenching, grinding, laser strengthening, laser cladding, laser fused quenching, laser solid solution aging and the like, can be provided with a certain corresponding container car body module according to the process requirements of a skylight period and an operation area, can be quickly assembled for operation, has low manufacturing cost of the former standard module, and is convenient to assemble and use on line at the later stage; more can integrate more than two kinds of collection dress automobile body modules simultaneously, go out to move and can accomplish the operation technology and the link more than two, maintenance efficiency is high, of high quality, has avoided the destruction that the operation train of dividing operation caused the operation of the time to the operation of the previous time.

2. According to the multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of the steel rail, the flat car and the container car body are mutually independent parts and can be manufactured and debugged simultaneously, only interfaces which are mutually butted are reserved, the refitting amount of the flat car is small, and the manufacturing period can be greatly shortened.

3. The multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of the steel rails adopts a lifting driving wheel, a generator and a storage battery pack are installed in a container car body, the driving wheel of the flat car and various devices in the container car body supply power, the generator operates to directly supply power in a non-operation state, the generator stops the storage battery to supply power in an operation state, and the adverse effects of vibration of an internal combustion motor on vehicle speed control and strengthening head shaking are avoided through a double-power supply mode.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-function flatbed for laser rail reinforcement or maintenance in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the butt joint of the multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or repairing of steel rails and a container body according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a multi-functional flatbed for laser rail reinforcement or maintenance of an embodiment of the present invention with a laser rail quenching container body;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rail laser strengthening or maintenance multifunctional platform trailer mounted rail grinding container body according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a multi-purpose flatbed for laser rail reinforcement or maintenance of an embodiment of the present invention with a laser rail reinforced container body mounted thereon;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a multi-functional flatbed for rail laser strengthening or maintenance of an embodiment of the present invention mounted on a rail laser cladding container body;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a multi-purpose flatbed for laser rail reinforcement or repair with a laser fusion quenched container body for mounting rails according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a multifunctional flatbed for laser rail strengthening or maintenance of the present invention with a laser solid solution aging container body for mounting rails;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a multifunctional flat car for rail laser strengthening or maintenance according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is equipped with a rail grinding container body and a rail laser cladding container body;

fig. 10 is a schematic operation flow diagram of the multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or repairing rails according to the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of a steel rail, wherein: the multifunctional flat car 1 comprises a car frame 11, non-powered wheels 12 and driving wheels 13 which are arranged below the car frame 11, and a docking device 14 which is arranged on the car frame 11.

During on-line rail maintenance operation, the container body 2 for maintaining a plurality of different types of rails is mounted on the frame 11 through the docking device 14 independently or jointly (the multifunctional flat car 1 and the container body 2 are mutually independent), and the container body 2 for maintaining other types of rails can be replaced through the docking device 14; and in a non-operation state, the multifunctional flat car 1 and the container car body 2 are disassembled and separated.

The different types of container bodies 2 comprise a steel rail laser quenching container body 21, a steel rail grinding container body 22, a steel rail laser strengthening container body 23, a steel rail laser cladding container body 24, a steel rail laser melting and quenching container body 25 and a steel rail laser solution aging container body 26, and schematic diagrams of the container bodies are respectively arranged on the multifunctional flat car and are shown in figures 3-8. The docking device 14 includes a set of three limiting rods perpendicular to each other, and fixes four corners of the container body 2.

The front end and the rear end of the frame 11 are provided with hooks 15 which are used for being connected with an external rail car, and the multifunctional flat car 1 is pulled to an operation area by the external rail car.

A lifting driving wheel 13 is arranged below the frame 11, and in the process that the external rail car pulls the multifunctional flat car 1, the driving wheel 13 is in a lifting state and is locked by a locking mechanism; when the vehicle works in a working area, the driving wheel 13 falls onto the steel rail through the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and is pressed on the steel rail by utilizing the gravity of the vehicle body so as to increase the driving friction force; the driving wheel 13 adopts a hydraulic driving motor, and oil is conveyed to the driving wheel through a vehicle-mounted hydraulic station so as to obtain stable and constant speed output to be used as a self-driving power source of the multifunctional flat car 1.

The lifting driving wheel 13 is positioned in the middle of the frame 11 and between the two non-power wheels 12. Or the lifting driving wheels 13 are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the frame 11 and at the outer ends of the non-power wheels 12.

The frame 11 with reserve between the collection dress automobile body 2 and have an electrical interface, the frame 11 with the collection dress automobile body 2 is installed and is accomplished the energy and the information intercommunication between multi-functional flatbed 1, the collection dress automobile body 2 through connecting electrical interface after finishing. According to the multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintenance of the steel rail, the flat car and the container car body are mutually independent parts and can be manufactured and debugged simultaneously, only interfaces which are mutually butted are reserved, the refitting amount of the flat car is small, and the manufacturing period can be greatly shortened.

The container truck body 2 is internally provided with a generator and a storage battery pack, the generator and the storage battery pack provide lifting power and walking power for the lifting driving wheel 13 and also provide power for various devices in the container truck body, the generator operates to directly supply power in a non-operation state, the generator stops the storage battery to supply power in an operation state, and the adverse effects of the vibration of the internal combustion motor on the speed control of the truck and the shaking of the strengthening head are avoided through a double-power supply mode.

The multifunctional flat car for laser strengthening or maintaining the steel rails abandons the integral design concept, constructs the multifunctional flat car for various different types of steel rail maintenance process equipment, can meet the bearing requirements of various process equipment such as laser quenching, grinding, laser strengthening, laser cladding, laser fused quenching, laser solid solution aging and the like, can be provided with a certain corresponding container car body module according to the process requirements of a skylight period and an operation area, can be quickly assembled for operation, has low manufacturing cost of the former standard module, and is convenient to assemble and use on line at the later stage; more can integrate more than two kinds of collection dress automobile body modules simultaneously, for example the multi-functional flatbed that fig. 9 shows is integrated simultaneously and is installed rail and polish collection dress automobile body and rail laser cladding collection dress automobile body, and the operation technology and the link more than two can be accomplished in once going out, for example polish earlier, carry out laser cladding again, and maintenance efficiency is high, of high quality, has avoided the destruction that the operation train of dividing operation caused the operation of the time to the operation of the past.

As shown in fig. 10, the operation method of the multifunctional flatbed for laser strengthening or repairing of the steel rail of the present invention includes the following steps:

s1, transporting the container body 2 to a working area through an automobile, and dragging the multifunctional flat car 1 to the working area through an external rail car;

s2, hoisting and installing the container body 2 on the multifunctional flat car 1;

s3, after the whole operation of the multifunctional flat car 1 provided with the container car body 2 is dragged to a designated operation area through an external rail car, the rail car is separated from the multifunctional flat car 1, and the driving wheel 13 of the multifunctional flat car 1 descends to contact with the rail surface of the steel rail;

s4, the driving wheel 13 drives the whole operation to walk, and the operation equipment in the container truck body 2 carries out online maintenance on the steel rail;

s5, after the operation is finished, the driving wheel 13 rises to be separated from the steel rail;

and S6, separating and transporting the container body 2 from the multifunctional flat car 1, and connecting the external rail car with the multifunctional flat car 1 to pull the multifunctional flat car to leave.

Preferably, in step S2, at least two different types of container bodies 2 are simultaneously mounted on the multi-purpose flat car 1;

and/or, in step S6, unloading one of the types of container bodies, replacing the other type of container body 2, and then repeating steps S3-S6.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.