阅读说明：本技术 股骨小转子微创复位固定器 (Femoral lesser trochanter minimally invasive reduction fixator ) 是由 陶圣祥 于 2019-12-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了股骨小转子微创复位固定器,包括牵拉复位杆、锁定螺母、万向钢板和锁定螺钉,锁定螺母与牵拉复位杆螺纹连接,万向钢板套接于牵拉复位杆上,锁定螺钉螺纹连接于万向钢板上；牵拉复位杆,用以牵拉复位股骨小转子并将其固定于股骨上；万向钢板,固定于股骨上,用于为牵拉复位杆提供一条复位力线；锁定螺母,将牵拉复位杆紧固于万向钢板上,使的牵拉复位杆处于牵拉复位状态；锁定螺钉,钉入股骨中以将万向钢板固定于股骨上。该复位固定器直径更小,符合小孔径手术的要求,到达微创手术的目的,同时该复位固定器可方便对小转子进行牵拉复位并在术后原位保留以固定小转子,复位固定更加牢固。(The invention discloses a minimally invasive femoral lesser trochanter reduction fixator which comprises a traction reduction rod, a locking nut, a universal steel plate and a locking screw, wherein the locking nut is in threaded connection with the traction reduction rod; the traction reduction rod is used for traction reduction of the femoral lesser trochanter and fixing the femoral lesser trochanter on the femur; the universal steel plate is fixed on the femur and used for providing a restoring force line for pulling the restoring rod; the locking nut is used for fastening the traction reset rod on the universal steel plate so as to enable the traction reset rod to be in a traction reset state; and the locking screw is nailed into the femur to fix the universal steel plate on the femur. The diameter of the reduction fixator is smaller, the reduction fixator meets the requirements of small-bore surgery, the purpose of minimally invasive surgery is achieved, meanwhile, the reduction fixator can conveniently draw and reduce the small rotors and keep the small rotors in situ after surgery, and reduction fixation is firmer.)

1. The minimally invasive femoral lesser trochanter reduction fixator is characterized by comprising a traction reduction rod, a locking nut, a universal steel plate and a locking screw, wherein the locking nut is in threaded connection with the traction reduction rod; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the traction reduction rod is used for traction reduction of the femoral lesser trochanter and fixing the femoral lesser trochanter on the femur;

the universal steel plate is fixed on the femur and used for providing a restoring force line for pulling the restoring rod;

the locking nut is used for fastening the traction reset rod on the universal steel plate so as to enable the traction reset rod to be in a traction reset state;

and the locking screw is nailed into the femur to fix the universal steel plate on the femur.

2. The minimally invasive reduction fixator for the lesser trochanter of femur according to claim 1, wherein a handle is arranged at the tail of the traction reduction rod, an arc-shaped drag hook is arranged at the front end, the tip of the arc-shaped drag hook is a hook tip, an anti-slip structure is arranged on the inner side of the hook tip, and a threaded rod is arranged in the middle of the traction reduction rod.

3. The minimally invasive reduction fixator for the trochanter femur according to claim 2, wherein the anti-slip structure is a conical anti-slip cone, and the anti-slip cones are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the hook tip.

4. The minimally invasive reduction fixator of the lesser trochanter of claim 2, wherein the universal steel plate is provided with a smooth hole and 2-4 locking threaded holes, and one end of the universal steel plate is an arc-shaped plate which is consistent with the radian of the femur.

5. The minimally invasive reduction fixator for the femoral lesser trochanter according to claim 4, wherein the locking nut is a hexagon nut, a connecting threaded hole is formed in the center of the locking nut, two rotation stopping channels are formed in two adjacent side surfaces of the locking nut respectively and are positioned on two sides of the connecting threaded hole and communicated with the connecting threaded hole respectively, and a rotation stopping pin rod is inserted into the rotation stopping channels and can lock a traction reset rod penetrating through the connecting threaded hole to prevent the locking nut from loosening due to rotation.

6. The minimally invasive reduction fixator of the lesser trochanter of claim 5, wherein the surface of the rod body of the rotation stopping pin rod is provided with straight knurls, and the threads of the threaded rod are embedded in the knurl grooves of the rotation stopping pin rod to form a rotation stopping structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a minimally invasive femoral lesser trochanter reduction fixator.

Background

Intertrochanteric femoral fractures are common fractures of the elderly, which account for nearly 50% of all proximal femoral fractures according to american epidemiological statistics and are referred to as "last fracture of life"; intertrochanteric fractures are roughly divided into stable fractures and unstable fractures, and the posterior medial cortical bone of the stable fracture remains intact or is only slightly crushed, so that stable reduction can be obtained and maintained; unstable fractures are characterized by crushing of the posterior medial cortical bone, but even if these fractures are initially unstable, they can be converted into stable reduction as long as the medial cortical bone can be brought into good apposition contact; the stability of the fracture depends on the presence of posterior-medial bony contact, which can act as a support against collapse of the fracture ends (fourth edition of the fracture handbook). Unstable fracture is accompanied with the displacement of lesser trochanter, because the anatomical position of lesser trochanter is close to the back and close to the inside, it is the attachment point of ilium psoas muscle, it is difficult to reset and fix, the wound is big, still can increase the operation time, the current international popular practice is that lesser trochanter does not reset, fix, this practice must have the long-term pain of postoperative affected limb and the function of bending hip is not good. Therefore, the reduction fixator for the femoral lesser trochanter is urgently needed in the market, the reduction fixator not only accords with the existing minimally invasive surgery mode and accelerates the healing speed of the postoperative patient, but also has simple structure and convenient operation, and reduces the operation risk of the patient when the operation is shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs the minimally invasive femoral lesser trochanter reduction fixator, which has smaller diameter, meets the requirements of small-aperture surgery and achieves the purpose of minimally invasive surgery, and meanwhile, the reduction fixator can conveniently pull and reduce the lesser trochanter and keep the lesser trochanter in situ after the surgery to fix the lesser trochanter, so that the reduction and fixation are firmer; meanwhile, the reduction fixator is simple in structure, and the operation steps of reduction fixation of the lesser trochanter are simplified, so that the operation duration is greatly shortened, the pain of a patient is relieved, and the operation risk is reduced.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is realized by the following scheme:

the minimally invasive reduction fixator for the lesser trochanter of femur comprises a traction reset rod, a locking nut, a universal steel plate and a locking screw, wherein a handle is arranged on the tail of the traction reset rod in a circuitous way, the front end of the traction reset rod is provided with an arc-shaped drag hook, the traction reset rod draws the lesser trochanter of femur through the arc-shaped drag hook to reduce the lesser trochanter of femur and fix the lesser trochanter on the femur, the tip of the arc-shaped drag hook is a hook tip, and the hook tip can be tightly attached to the femur to prevent; the middle part of the traction reset rod is a threaded rod which is in threaded connection with the locking nut; a rotation stopping pin rod is inserted into the locking nut, and can form restraint on the traction reset rod to prevent relative rotation between the traction reset rod and the locking nut; the universal steel plate is sleeved on the traction reset rod and can slide up and down along the traction reset rod and rotate around the traction reset rod; the locking screw is locked on the femur through the universal steel plate, provides a resetting force line for the traction resetting rod and locks the traction resetting rod on the resetting force line, and completes the resetting and fixing of the femur lesser trochanter.

Furthermore, the universal steel plate is provided with a smooth hole, 2-4 locking threaded holes, the traction reset rod penetrates through the smooth hole, and the locking screw penetrates through the threaded hole and is driven into the femur so as to fix the universal steel plate on the femur. One end of the universal steel plate is an arc-shaped plate consistent with the arc shape of the femur, and the universal steel plate is more compactly attached to the femur.

Furthermore, the locking nut is a hexagon nut, a connecting threaded hole is formed in the center of the locking nut, two adjacent side faces of the locking nut are respectively provided with a rotation stopping channel, the two rotation stopping channels are respectively located on two sides of the connecting threaded hole and are communicated with the connecting threaded hole, a rotation stopping pin rod is inserted into the rotation stopping channels and locks a traction reset rod penetrating through the connecting threaded hole, and relative rotation between the traction reset rod and the locking nut is prevented. In order to improve the anti-rotation effect of the rotation stopping pin rod, the surface of the rod body of the rotation stopping pin rod can be provided with straight knurls, and the pulling reset rod cannot rotate in a connecting threaded hole after being embedded into a straight knurl groove, so that the pulling reset rod is prevented from loosening, and the fixing effect is ensured.

Furthermore, the inner side surface of the hook tip of the arc-shaped drag hook is flat, and a plurality of conical anti-skid cones are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface. After the traction release link is pulled in place, the anti-slip cone on the hook tip can be tightly attached to the surface of the femur, the anti-slip cone can greatly increase friction force, the arc-shaped drag hook is prevented from sliding on the surface of the femur, and the fixing effect of the traction release link is provided.

In order to facilitate disinfection, the traction release link, the locking nut, the universal steel plate and the locking screw are all made of stainless steel materials.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the reduction fixator is smaller in diameter, meets the requirements of small-aperture surgery, achieves the purpose of minimally invasive surgery, can conveniently pull and reduce the small rotors and is reserved in situ after surgery to fix the small rotors, and is firmer in reduction and fixation; meanwhile, the reduction fixator is simple in structure, and the operation steps of reduction fixation of the lesser trochanter are simplified, so that the operation duration is greatly shortened, the pain of a patient is relieved, and the operation risk is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an overall assembly schematic view of a femoral lesser trochanter minimally invasive reduction fixator;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pulling reset lever;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the hook tip;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the locking nut;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the locking nut;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the anti-rotation pin;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the steel gimbal plate;

fig. 8 is a using state diagram of the minimally invasive reduction fixator for the femoral lesser trochanter.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1-a traction reset rod, 2-a locking nut, 3-a universal steel plate, 4-a locking screw, 5-a handle, 6-a threaded rod, 7-an arc-shaped drag hook, 8-a hook tip, 9-an anti-slip cone, 10-a connecting threaded hole, 11-a rotation stopping channel, 12-a rotation stopping pin rod, 13-a jackscrew, 14-a rod body, 15-a locking threaded hole, 16-a smooth hole, 17-a femur lesser trochanter and 18-an iliocola tendon.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the minimally invasive reduction fixator for the lesser trochanter of femur comprises a traction release link 1, a locking nut 2, a universal steel plate 3 and a locking screw 4, wherein a handle 5 is arranged at the tail part of the traction release link 1 in a circuitous manner, an arc-shaped drag hook 7 is arranged at the front end of the traction release link 1, the tip end of the arc-shaped drag hook 7 is a hook tip 8, and the hook tip 8 is tightly attached to the femur through an anti-slip cone 9 to prevent the arc-shaped drag hook 7 from slipping and deviating on the femoral surface. The middle part of the traction reset rod 1 is a threaded rod 6, and the threaded rod 6 is in threaded connection with a locking nut; a rotation stopping pin rod is inserted into the locking nut, and can form restraint on the traction reset rod to prevent relative rotation between the traction reset rod and the locking nut; the universal steel plate is sleeved on the traction reset rod and can slide up and down along the traction reset rod and rotate around the traction reset rod; the locking screw is locked on the femur through the universal steel plate, provides a resetting force line for the traction resetting rod and locks the traction resetting rod on the resetting force line, and completes the resetting and fixing of the femur lesser trochanter.

As shown in fig. 3, the inner side surface of the hook tip 8 of the arc-shaped drag hook 7 is flat, and a plurality of conical anti-slip cones 9 are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface. After the traction release link 1 is pulled in place, the anti-slip cone 9 on the hook tip 8 can be tightly attached to the surface of the femur, and the anti-slip cone 9 can greatly increase friction force, so that the arc-shaped drag hook 7 is prevented from sliding on the surface of the femur, and the fixing effect of the traction release link 1 is improved.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the locking nut 2 is a hexagonal nut, a connection threaded hole 10 is formed in the center of the locking nut 2, two adjacent side surfaces of the locking nut 2 are respectively provided with a rotation stopping channel 11, the two rotation stopping channels 11 are respectively located on two sides of the connection threaded hole 10 and are communicated with the connection threaded hole 10, and a rotation stopping pin rod 12 is inserted into the rotation stopping channel 11 and locks the pulling reset rod 1 passing through the connection threaded hole 10 to prevent the pulling reset rod 1 and the locking nut 2 from rotating relatively. The rotation stopping pin rod 12 consists of a top thread 13 and a rod body 14, in order to improve the anti-rotation effect of the rotation stopping pin rod 12, a straight knurl can be arranged on the surface of the rod body 14 of the rotation stopping pin rod 12, the rotation in a connecting threaded hole cannot be realized after the thread of the traction return rod is embedded into the straight knurl, the loosening of the traction return rod is prevented, and the fixing effect is ensured.

As shown in fig. 7, the universal steel plate 3 is provided with a smooth hole 16 and 3 locking screw holes 15, the pulling reset rod 1 is passed through the smooth hole 16, and the locking screws 4 are passed through the screw holes and driven into the femur to fix the universal steel plate 3 to the femur. One end of the universal steel plate 3 is an arc-shaped plate consistent with the arc shape of the femur, and the universal steel plate is more compactly jointed with the femur.

As shown in fig. 8, the traction reduction rod 1 is inserted along the operation incision and wound to the fracture side of the lesser trochanter 17 through the femoral side, and the curved drag hook 7 is used for hooking the groove where the lesser trochanter is connected with the iliocortical tendon and traction reduction is carried out to the fracture part of the femur until the lesser trochanter is pulled in place; rotate universal steel sheet 3 afterwards for on the periosteum of the cambered surface of femur was hugged closely to the arc of universal steel sheet, use the hand drill along locking screw hole 15 and drill on the femur, then squeeze into the femur with locking screw 4 along locking screw hole 15, thereby be fixed in on the femur with universal steel sheet 3. And (3) tensioning the traction release link 1, turning the locking nut 2 until the locking nut 2 is tightly attached to the universal steel plate 3, and at the moment, drawing the release link 1 to draw and reset the femoral lesser trochanter and fixing the femoral lesser trochanter on the femur. In order to prevent the locking nut 2 from rotating and loosening, the rotation stopping pin rod 12 is inserted along the rotation stopping channel 11 of the locking nut until the end part of the rotation stopping pin rod 12 is exposed out of the other side of the locking nut 2, the thread on the threaded rod 6 of the pulling reset rod 1 is meshed with the straight knurls on the rod body 14, the locking nut 2 can be further prevented from rotating and loosening under the incarceration action of the rotation stopping pin rods on the two sides of the locking nut 2, and the firmness of the pulling reset rod 1 is ensured. The hook point of arc drag hook 7 front end is equipped with anti-skidding awl 9, and the frictional force of 9 multiplicable hook points 8 of anti-skidding awl and thighbone has increased its and the thighbone between hold power, further prevents that tractive release link 1 from taking place the problem that deflects, increases the stability of device. The traction reduction rod 1 can be kept in the patient body for fixation after the traction reduction fixation, and then the extending part of the traction reduction rod 1 is cut off from the proper position.

Certainly, the handle section and the threaded rod 6 of the traction release lever 1 can also be designed to be detachable, for example, the handle section is inserted into the threaded rod and is in threaded connection with the threaded rod, and after the traction release lever 1 is reset and fixed, the handle section can be detached from the threaded rod 6.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.