阅读说明：本技术 一种用于高精度数控机床的四爪卡盘夹具 (Four-jaw chuck clamp for high-precision numerical control machine tool ) 是由 黄卫良 郭妍 祝新蔚 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及机床夹具技术领域,公开了一种用于高精度数控机床的四爪卡盘夹具,本发明在四爪卡盘内设置有对各个卡爪的移动位移进行检测的位移检测机构,并设置了控制与补偿机构,控制与补偿机构能对卡爪的移动情况进行微调补偿,使得当位移检测机构检测到某个或者多个卡爪的位移与其它卡爪的位移差距值达到设定阈值后,控制与补偿机构对位移大的卡爪的运动移动情况进行微调并使之减慢,以便保持与其它卡爪的同步定心卡紧,这样即使螺丝出现了不同程度的磨损,其也能够精密的实现同步驱动,保证同步夹紧的定心作用,本发明只需控制丝母以及T型滑块的动作即可,简单方便。(The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool clamps, and discloses a four-jaw chuck clamp for a high-precision numerical control machine tool, wherein a displacement detection mechanism for detecting the movement displacement of each jaw is arranged in a four-jaw chuck, and a control and compensation mechanism is arranged, and can finely adjust and compensate the movement condition of the jaws, so that when the displacement detection mechanism detects that the difference value between the displacement of one or more jaws and the displacement of other jaws reaches a set threshold value, the control and compensation mechanism finely adjusts and slows down the movement condition of the jaws with large displacement, so as to keep synchronous centering and clamping with other jaws, therefore, even if screws are worn to different degrees, the screws can also precisely realize synchronous driving, and the centering effect of synchronous clamping is ensured, and the invention only needs to control the actions of a screw nut and a T-shaped sliding block, is simple and convenient.)

1. A four-jaw chuck clamp for a high-precision numerical control machine tool comprises a four-jaw chuck (1), wherein a plurality of groups of T-shaped sliding grooves (2) are embedded in the front surface of the four-jaw chuck (1), four jaws (4) are arranged on the front side of the four-jaw chuck (1) through a circumferential array of the T-shaped sliding grooves (2), and the four-jaw chuck clamp is characterized in that a driving mandrel (7) is arranged at the center of the four-jaw chuck, and the end part of the driving mandrel (7) drives the jaws to synchronously move along the radial direction of the four-jaw chuck through a bevel gear transmission mechanism; the four-jaw chuck is characterized in that a displacement detection mechanism for detecting the moving displacement of each jaw is arranged in the four-jaw chuck;

the control and compensation mechanism can finely adjust and compensate the moving conditions of the clamping jaws so that when the displacement detection mechanism detects that the displacement difference value between the displacement of one or more clamping jaws and the displacement difference value of other clamping jaws reaches a set threshold value, the control and compensation mechanism finely adjusts and slows down the moving conditions of the clamping jaws with large displacement so as to keep synchronous centering and clamping with other clamping jaws.

2. A four-jaw chuck jig for a high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the end of the driving spindle (7) is provided with a transmission bevel gear a (6), each of the jaws is driven by a transmission screw (44), the end of the transmission screw is provided with a transmission bevel gear B (45) engaged with the transmission bevel gear a (6), and the control and compensation mechanism is provided in the four-jaw chuck and can be engaged with the transmission screw (44).

3. A four-jaw chuck jig for a high precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the control and compensation mechanism comprises a hydraulic locking mechanism (10) and a compensation rotating mechanism (9), wherein, a T-shaped sliding block (43) matched with the T-shaped sliding groove (2) is fixedly arranged on the claw, a nut cavity (13) is arranged in the T-shaped sliding block (43), a nut (8) which is in threaded fit with the conveying screw rod (44) is arranged in the nut cavity (13), the outer side of the nut (8) is also provided with the compensation rotating mechanism (9) positioned in the nut cavity, when the claw moves in a locking or releasing way, the compensation rotating mechanism (9) can control the nut to be non-rotatable in the nut cavity, when the jaws need to be compensated and fine-adjusted, the compensation rotating mechanism (9) can control the nut to rotate in the nut cavity.

4. The four-jaw chuck clamp for the high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydraulic locking mechanism (10) is installed on the T-shaped sliding block (43), a locking groove (15) is arranged at the rear end of the T-shaped sliding groove in the four-jaw chuck, the hydraulic locking mechanism (10) is positioned in the locking groove, and the hydraulic locking mechanism can lock and fix the jaws, so that the T-shaped sliding block (43) is fixed and the nut rotates in the nut cavity when compensation fine adjustment is carried out.

5. The four-jaw chuck clamp for high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the compensation rotation mechanism (9) comprises a plurality of rotation control hydraulic lockers (9), locking grooves (14) are provided on the nut at positions corresponding to the rotation control hydraulic lockers (9), the rotation control hydraulic lockers (9) can move along the radial direction of the nut, and the nut is non-rotatably provided in the nut cavity when the rotation control hydraulic lockers (9) lock the nut.

6. The four-jaw chuck clamp for the high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the hydraulic locking mechanism (10) comprises a rigid end seat (17), an elastic hydraulic locking sleeve and a hydraulic control joint (16), wherein two ends of the elastic hydraulic locking sleeve are hermetically connected with the rigid end seat, the center of the elastic hydraulic locking sleeve is a hydraulic cavity, one of the rigid end seat (17) is fixedly connected with the T-shaped sliding block, the other rigid end seat (17) is provided with the hydraulic control joint (16), and the T-shaped sliding block is locked through elastic deformation of the elastic hydraulic locking sleeve.

7. The four-jaw chuck clamp for the high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein a standby clamping groove (3) is embedded in one side, located on the T-shaped sliding groove (2), of the front surface of the four-jaw chuck (1), a fixed rotating shaft (5) is arranged in the middle of the four-jaw chuck (1), and the mandrel (7) is arranged on the inner side of the fixed rotating shaft (5).

8. The four-jaw chuck clamp for the high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the jaws (4) comprise jaw outer sleeves (41), and trapezoidal clamping blocks (42) are arranged on the upper surfaces of the jaw outer sleeves (41).

9. The four-jaw chuck clamp for the high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the clamping surface of the trapezoid clamping block (42) is provided with anti-slip teeth.

10. The four-jaw chuck clamp for the high-precision numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the transmission bevel gears B (45) are arranged in a crossed and symmetrical manner relative to the circle center of the transmission bevel gear A (6), heat dissipation holes are formed in the inner side of the T-shaped sliding chute (2), the number of the heat dissipation holes is not less than 3, the displacement detection mechanism comprises an optical receiver (12) fixedly arranged in the four-jaw chuck and an optical transmitter (11) fixed on the T-shaped sliding seat, and the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are arranged oppositely.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool fixtures, in particular to a four-jaw chuck fixture for a high-precision numerical control machine tool.

Background

At present, a chuck is generally adopted to realize positioning for processing parts such as shafts, pipes and the like. Chucks are generally capable of centering the clamping. The four-jaw chuck is generally composed of a chuck body, four small bevel gears and a pair of jaws. The four small bevel gears are meshed with the wire coil, the back of the wire coil is provided with a plane thread structure, and the jaws are equally arranged on the plane thread, so that when the four-jaw chuck is locked, the small bevel gears are pulled by a spanner or a driving motor, the wire coil rotates, and the plane thread on the back of the wire coil enables the jaws to simultaneously approach or withdraw from the center. Because the thread pitches of the plane rectangular threads on the wire coil are equal, the four claws move at equal distances, and the self-centering function is achieved. However, since the chuck needs to be clamped, the screw or the wire is stressed greatly and abraded greatly during clamping, so that the abrasion condition of the screw on each clamping jaw is different along with long-time use, the positioning precision is obviously affected after the screw is abraded, and accurate centering effect is difficult to realize.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a four-jaw chuck jig for a high-precision numerical control machine tool.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a four-jaw chuck fixture for a high-precision numerical control machine tool, which solves the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a four-jaw chuck clamp for a high-precision numerical control machine tool comprises a four-jaw chuck, wherein a plurality of groups of T-shaped sliding grooves are embedded in the front surface of the four-jaw chuck, and four jaws are arranged on the front side of the four-jaw chuck through a circumferential array of the T-shaped sliding grooves; the four-jaw chuck is characterized in that a displacement detection mechanism for detecting the moving displacement of each jaw is arranged in the four-jaw chuck;

the control and compensation mechanism can finely adjust and compensate the moving conditions of the clamping jaws so that when the displacement detection mechanism detects that the displacement difference value between the displacement of one or more clamping jaws and the displacement difference value of other clamping jaws reaches a set threshold value, the control and compensation mechanism finely adjusts and slows down the moving conditions of the clamping jaws with large displacement so as to keep synchronous centering and clamping with other clamping jaws.

Preferably, a transmission bevel gear a is arranged at the end of the driving mandrel, each jaw is driven by a transmission screw rod in a transmission manner, a transmission bevel gear B meshed with the transmission bevel gear a is arranged at the end of the transmission screw rod, and the control and compensation mechanism is arranged in the four-jaw chuck and can be matched with the transmission screw rod.

Further, as an optimization, the control and compensation mechanism comprises a hydraulic locking mechanism () and a compensation rotating mechanism, wherein a T-shaped sliding block matched with a T-shaped sliding groove is fixedly arranged on the jaw, a nut cavity is arranged in the T-shaped sliding block, a nut in threaded fit with the conveying screw rod is arranged in the nut cavity, the compensation rotating mechanism in the nut cavity is further arranged on the outer side of the nut, when the jaw is locked or loosened to move, the compensation rotating mechanism can control the nut to be in the nut cavity to be unrotatable, and when the jaw needs to be compensated and finely adjusted, the compensation rotating mechanism can control the nut to be in the nut cavity to rotate.

Further, preferably, the hydraulic locking mechanism () is installed on the T-shaped sliding block, a locking groove is formed in the four-jaw chuck at the rear end of the T-shaped sliding groove, the hydraulic locking mechanism () is located in the locking groove, and the jaws can be locked and fixed by the hydraulic locking mechanism, so that the T-shaped sliding block is fixed and the nut rotates in the nut cavity when compensation fine adjustment is performed.

Further, as preferred, the compensation slewing mechanism includes a plurality of rotation control hydraulic pressure lockers, be provided with the locking recess in the nut corresponding the position of rotation control hydraulic pressure locker, rotation control hydraulic pressure locker can be along the radial direction removal of nut, work as rotation control hydraulic pressure locker locking when the nut, the nut is in the nut intracavity can not rotate the setting.

Further, as preferred, the hydraulic locking mechanism () includes a rigid end seat, an elastic hydraulic locking sleeve and a hydraulic control joint, wherein, the two ends of the elastic hydraulic locking sleeve are hermetically connected with the rigid end seat, the center of the elastic hydraulic locking sleeve is a hydraulic cavity, one of the rigid end seat is fixedly connected with the T-shaped sliding block, and the other rigid end seat is provided with the hydraulic control joint, so that the T-shaped sliding block is locked through elastic deformation of the elastic hydraulic locking sleeve.

Further, as preferred, the front surface of four-jaw chuck is located one side embedding of T shape spout and is provided with reserve draw-in groove, the middle part of four-jaw chuck is provided with fixed pivot, the inboard of fixed pivot sets up the dabber.

Further, as preferred, the jack catch includes the jack catch overcoat, trapezoidal fixture block has been seted up to the upper surface of jack catch overcoat.

Preferably, the clamping surface of the trapezoidal clamping block is provided with anti-slip teeth.

Further, as preferred, the transmission bevel gear B is arranged in a crossed and symmetrical mode relative to the circle center of the transmission bevel gear A, heat dissipation holes are formed in the inner side of the T-shaped sliding groove, the number of the heat dissipation holes is not less than 3, the displacement detection mechanism comprises an optical receiver fixedly arranged in the four-jaw chuck and an optical transmitter fixed on the T-shaped sliding seat, and the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are arranged oppositely.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the four-jaw chuck is internally provided with a displacement detection mechanism for detecting the movement displacement of each jaw, and a control and compensation mechanism which can finely adjust and compensate the movement condition of the jaws, so that when the displacement detection mechanism detects that the displacement difference value between the displacement of one or more jaws and the displacement of other jaws reaches a set threshold value, the control and compensation mechanism finely adjusts and slows down the movement condition of the jaws with large displacement, so as to keep synchronous centering and clamping with other jaws, therefore, even if the screw is worn to different degrees, the screw can also precisely realize synchronous driving, and the centering effect of synchronous clamping is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a four jaw chuck fixture for a high precision numerically controlled machine tool;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-jaw chuck structure of a four-jaw chuck fixture for a high precision numerically controlled machine tool;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control and compensation mechanism for a four-jaw chuck fixture for a high precision numerically controlled machine tool;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a jaw mounting structure of a four-jaw chuck jig for a high-precision numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hydraulic locking mechanism release mechanism for a four-jaw chuck clamp for a high precision numerically controlled machine tool;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic locking mechanism of a four-jaw chuck fixture for a high-precision numerical control machine tool during locking.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, a four-jaw chuck fixture for a high-precision numerical control machine tool includes a four-jaw chuck 1, a plurality of sets of T-shaped chutes 2 are embedded in a front surface of the four-jaw chuck 1, and four jaws 4 are circumferentially arrayed on a front side of the four-jaw chuck 1 through the T-shaped chutes 2, and is characterized in that a driving spindle 7 is disposed in a center of the four-jaw chuck, and an end of the driving spindle 7 drives the jaws to synchronously move along a radial direction of the four-jaw chuck through a bevel gear transmission mechanism; the four-jaw chuck is characterized in that a displacement detection mechanism for detecting the moving displacement of each jaw is arranged in the four-jaw chuck.

The invention also comprises a control and compensation mechanism which can finely adjust and compensate the moving condition of the jaws so that when the displacement detection mechanism detects that the difference value between the displacement of one or more jaws and the displacement of other jaws reaches a set threshold value, the control and compensation mechanism finely adjusts and slows down the moving condition of the jaws with large displacement so as to keep synchronous centering and clamping with other jaws.

In this embodiment, the end of the driving mandrel 7 is provided with a transmission bevel gear a6, each jaw is driven by a transmission lead screw 44, the end of the transmission lead screw is provided with a transmission bevel gear B45 engaged with the transmission bevel gear a6, and the control and compensation mechanism is arranged in the four-jaw chuck and can be matched with the transmission lead screw 44.

The control and compensation mechanism comprises a hydraulic locking mechanism 10 and a compensation rotating mechanism 9, wherein a T-shaped sliding block 43 matched with the T-shaped sliding groove 2 is fixedly arranged on the jaw, a nut cavity 13 is arranged in the T-shaped sliding block 43, a nut 8 in threaded fit with the conveying screw rod 44 is arranged in the nut cavity 13, the compensation rotating mechanism 9 located in the nut cavity is further arranged on the outer side of the nut 8, when the jaw is locked or loosened to move, the compensation rotating mechanism 9 can control the nut to be in the nut cavity to be non-rotatable, and when the jaw needs compensation fine adjustment, the compensation rotating mechanism 9 can control the nut to be in the nut cavity to rotate.

As a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic locking mechanism (10) is installed on the T-shaped sliding block 43, a locking groove 15 is arranged at the rear end of the T-shaped sliding groove in the four-jaw chuck, the hydraulic locking mechanism (10) is located in the locking groove, and the hydraulic locking mechanism can lock and fix the jaws, so that the T-shaped sliding block 43 is fixed and the nut rotates in the nut cavity when compensation fine adjustment is performed.

The compensation rotating mechanism 9 comprises a plurality of rotation control hydraulic lockers 9, locking grooves 14 are formed in the positions, corresponding to the rotation control hydraulic lockers 9, of the nut, the rotation control hydraulic lockers 9 can move along the radial direction of the nut, and when the rotation control hydraulic lockers 9 lock the nut, the nut cannot be rotatably arranged in the nut cavity.

Hydraulic locking mechanism (10) include rigidity end seat 17, elasticity hydraulic pressure lock sleeve and hydraulic control connect 16, wherein, the both ends sealing connection of elasticity hydraulic pressure lock sleeve rigidity end seat, the center of elasticity hydraulic pressure lock sleeve is the hydraulic pressure chamber, one of them rigidity end seat 17 fixed connection T type slider, another one be provided with hydraulic control on the rigidity end seat 17 and connect 16, through the elastic deformation realization of elasticity hydraulic pressure lock sleeve is to the locking of T type slider.

The front surface of the four-jaw chuck 1 is embedded into one side of the T-shaped sliding groove 2 and is provided with a standby clamping groove 3, the middle of the four-jaw chuck 1 is provided with a fixed rotating shaft 5, and the inner side of the fixed rotating shaft 5 is provided with the mandrel 7. The jaw 4 comprises a jaw outer sleeve 41, and a trapezoidal clamping block 42 is arranged on the upper surface of the jaw outer sleeve 41. And anti-skid teeth are arranged on the clamping surface of the trapezoidal clamping block 42.

In addition, the transmission bevel gear B45 is arranged in a crossed and symmetrical mode relative to the circle center of the transmission bevel gear A6, heat dissipation holes are formed in the inner side of the T-shaped sliding groove 2, the number of the heat dissipation holes is not less than 3, the displacement detection mechanism comprises an optical receiver (12) fixedly arranged in the four-jaw chuck and an optical transmitter (11) fixedly arranged on the T-shaped sliding seat, and the optical transmitter and the optical receiver are arranged oppositely.

The four-jaw chuck is internally provided with a displacement detection mechanism for detecting the movement displacement of each jaw, and a control and compensation mechanism which can finely adjust and compensate the movement condition of the jaws, so that when the displacement detection mechanism detects that the displacement difference value between the displacement of one or more jaws and the displacement of other jaws reaches a set threshold value, the control and compensation mechanism finely adjusts and slows down the movement condition of the jaws with large displacement, so as to keep synchronous centering and clamping with other jaws, therefore, even if the screw is worn to different degrees, the screw can also precisely realize synchronous driving, and the centering effect of synchronous clamping is ensured.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.