阅读说明：本技术 一种二氧化硅绝热复合材料及其制备方法与应用 (Silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 魏晶 何新平 段斌文 胡鹏 崔晓军 刘�东 路文 郝明海 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于绝热复合材料技术领域,具体涉及一种二氧化硅绝热复合材料,并进一步公开其制备方法与应用。本发明所述二氧化硅绝热复合材料以纳米级超细二氧化硅等为主要原料,并辅以适当的稀土元素和添加剂,制备得到微孔结构的绝热复合材料。所述复合材料基于独特的超细孔隙结构和红外散射原理,在热传导、热辐射、热对流等三个传热机理上都可以减少热传递,达到绝热目的。本发明所述具有耐高温超低导热系数的绝热复合材料,通过将高强度板材制品和所述绝热复合材料以适当的比例进行复合得到,得到耐高温、高强度、低导热的绝热新材料,可以满足焦炉炉顶及工业高温窑炉等热工设备既节能又轻量化的应用要求。(The invention belongs to the technical field of heat insulation composite materials, and particularly relates to a silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material, and further discloses a preparation method and application thereof. The silica dioxide heat insulation composite material is prepared by taking nano-scale ultrafine silica and the like as main raw materials and adding proper rare earth elements and additives. The composite material is based on a unique superfine pore structure and an infrared scattering principle, and can reduce heat transfer on three heat transfer mechanisms such as heat conduction, heat radiation, heat convection and the like, so that the heat insulation purpose is achieved. The heat insulation composite material with high temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient is obtained by compounding a high-strength plate product and the heat insulation composite material in a proper proportion, so that a new heat insulation material with high temperature resistance, high strength and low heat conductivity is obtained, and the application requirements of energy conservation and light weight of thermal equipment such as a coke oven top, an industrial high-temperature kiln and the like can be met.)

1. The silica heat insulation composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass based on the total amount of raw materials for preparation:

2. the silica thermal insulation composite of claim 1, wherein the rare earth compound comprises a rare earth oxide, a rare earth chloride, and/or a composite rare earth additive.

3. The silica insulation composite of claim 1 or 2, wherein the binder comprises a chromium-containing binder.

4. The silica insulation composite of any of claims 1-3, wherein the additive comprises an aluminum silicate fiber plasticizer.

5. The silica thermal insulation composite of any of claims 1-4, wherein the fibrous material comprises zirconium-containing ceramic fibers.

6. A method of making the silica thermal insulation composite of any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:

(1) taking the nano SiO according to a selected proportion₂Mixing powder, fiber materials, a binder, an additive and a rare earth compound, and uniformly stirring at a high speed;

(2) and pressing and forming the mixture, and drying to obtain the required heat insulation composite material.

7. Use of the silica insulation composite of any one of claims 1-5 for the preparation of an insulation composite panel having a high temperature resistance and an ultra-low thermal conductivity.

8. A heat insulating composite material having high temperature resistance and ultra-low thermal conductivity, which is formed by compounding the silica heat insulating composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 with a high-strength fiber product.

9. The thermal insulation composite material with high temperature resistance and ultralow thermal conductivity according to claim 8, wherein the thickness ratio of said silica thermal insulation composite material to said high strength fibrous product is 1: 2-4, and controlling the total thickness of the two not to exceed 200 mm.

10. Use of the insulation composite of claim 8 or 9 having high temperature resistance and ultra-low thermal conductivity to reduce heat loss from coke ovens.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat insulation composite materials, and particularly relates to a silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material, and further discloses a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The coke is a product finally prepared by heating bituminous coal to 950-1050 ℃ in the absence of air and then performing the stages of drying, pyrolysis, melting, bonding, solidification, shrinkage and the like. The coke obtained by high-temperature coking can be used in the fields of blast furnace smelting, casting, gasification and the like, and the recovered and purified coke oven gas generated in the coking process is a fuel with high heat value and is also an important organic synthetic industrial raw material.

The coke production in 2018 in China was reported to be about 4.4 billion dollars, with a total of about 880 coke ovens in use. It is reported that the heat loss of general industrial boilers, kilns and coke ovens is composed of five parts, which are heat loss by exhaust smoke, heat loss by mechanical incomplete combustion, heat loss by chemical incomplete combustion, heat loss by heat dissipation and slag loss, respectively. The coke oven has a plurality of heat dissipation loss parts, and the difficulties of solving the heat dissipation loss are three process parts of an oven top, iron pieces (a coking chamber hole, a combustion chamber hole, a rising pipe, an oven door and a waste gas shutter) and a flue, particularly the heat dissipation loss of the oven top is the most serious. In a general high-temperature coking process, the average temperature of the top surfaces of almost all coke ovens in the coke ovens exceeds 100 ℃, and the surface temperature of top iron pieces is about 300 ℃, so that the heat loss of the whole high-temperature coking process is large, and serious thermal pollution is caused.

At present, one of the most effective measures for solving the heat dissipation loss of the top of the coke oven is to adopt efficient heat insulation materials to reduce the heat dissipation loss of the coke oven, particularly the heat dissipation loss of the top of the coke oven. However, the conventional refractory materials have been difficult to satisfy the high efficiency and energy saving requirements of industrial enterprises and the higher performance requirements of military equipment and the like for the thermal insulation materials, and the development of new high efficiency thermal insulation materials is urgently needed to reduce the heat dissipation loss of equipment such as industrial boilers, kilns, coke ovens and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material to solve the problem of large heat loss of a coke oven in the prior art;

the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a heat insulation composite board prepared from the silica heat insulation composite material and having high temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient.

The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the application of the heat insulation composite material and the heat insulation composite plate in the field of reducing heat loss of the coke oven.

In order to solve the technical problems, the silica heat insulation composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass based on the total amount of preparation raw materials:

specifically, the rare earth compound comprises rare earth oxide, rare earth chloride and/or composite rare earth additive. The metal oxide of a rare earth element is preferable, and scandium oxide, terbium oxide, or the like is more preferably added.

In particular, the binder comprises a chromium-containing binder, preferably a chromium-containing high fiber binder.

Specifically, the additive comprises aluminum silicate fiber plastic.

Specifically, the fiber material includes zirconium-containing ceramic fibers.

The invention also discloses a method for preparing the silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) taking the nano SiO according to a selected proportion₂Mixing powder, fiber materials, a binder, an additive and a rare earth compound, and uniformly stirring at a high speed;

(2) and pressing and forming the mixture, and drying to obtain the required heat insulation composite material.

The invention also discloses application of the silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material in preparing a heat insulation composite material with high temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient.

The invention also discloses a heat insulation composite material with high temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient, which is formed by compounding the silicon dioxide heat insulation composite material and a high-strength fiber product.

Specifically, the thickness ratio of the silica heat insulation composite material to the high-strength fiber product is 1: 2-4, and preferably 1: 3, and controlling the total thickness of the two not to exceed 200 mm.

The invention also discloses application of the heat insulation composite material with high temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient in the field of reducing heat loss of the coke oven.

The silica dioxide heat insulation composite material is prepared by taking nano-scale ultrafine silica and the like as main raw materials and adding proper rare earth elements and additives. The composite material is based on a unique superfine pore structure and an infrared scattering principle, and can reduce heat transfer on three heat transfer mechanisms such as heat conduction, heat radiation, heat convection and the like, so that the heat insulation purpose is achieved. The heat insulation performance of the heat insulation composite material at high temperature is 3-4 times that of the traditional material, the heat insulation composite material has excellent heat insulation performance, the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation composite material is smaller than that of static air under specific conditions, the heat insulation composite material is a new heat insulation material with the minimum heat conductivity coefficient in China, the heat loss in construction can be effectively reduced, the operation and production safety is improved, the operation cost of an environment-friendly facility is reduced, coal gas is saved, and the coal gas ratio of unit coke is reduced. Moreover, because the thermal conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation composite material is low at high temperature, the new material can be used for reducing the thickness of a furnace lining, reducing the weight of equipment and reducing the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace under the same thermal condition, so that the energy can be saved, the consumption can be reduced, the operating environment of workers can be improved, and the thickness of a heat insulation layer can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of equipment facilities, achieving the effects of energy saving and attractive coordination, and solving a plurality of process problems when being widely applied to various thermal equipment.

The heat-insulating composite material with high-temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient is obtained by compounding a high-strength plate product and the heat-insulating composite material according to a proper proportion, so that a new heat-insulating material with high-temperature resistance, high strength and low heat conductivity is obtained, the product has the high-temperature resistance of a high-strength fiber product and the heat-insulating property of the heat-insulating composite material, has ultralow heat conductivity coefficient, higher compressive strength, good toughness and excellent heat resistance, ensures that the new heat-insulating composite material can overcome the defect that the heat conductivity coefficient of a high-strength plate is slightly higher, solves the problem that a microporous heat-insulating plate has lower use strength at the top of a coke oven, realizes energy conservation of high-temperature thermal equipment, saves space of the high-temperature thermal equipment, and is extremely convenient to install and construct, can meet the application requirements of energy conservation and light weight of thermal equipment such as the top of a coke oven, an industrial high-temperature kiln and the like. The heat-insulating composite material with high temperature resistance and ultralow heat conductivity coefficient has ultralow heat conductivity, can be suitable for the technical transformation of coke oven heat pollution, is particularly suitable for safe production, environment-friendly production and energy-saving production of the traditional coke oven with large heat dissipation loss and high temperature at the top of the coke oven, effectively reduces the high-grade energy consumption of the coke oven, reduces the surface temperature of the oven body and improves the operating environment of workers.

Drawings

In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present disclosure is provided in connection with specific embodiments thereof and the accompanying drawings, in which,

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the design structure of the furnace roof before and after modification.

Detailed Description

The following examples of the invention:

the binder is chromium phosphate aluminum binder, and the product performance of different types of different manufacturers is not different.

The additive is an aluminum silicate fiber plastic material, and the performance of different models of products of different manufacturers is not different.

The fiber material is zirconium-containing ceramic fiber, and the performance of different models of products of different manufacturers is not different.