Non-conductive mud is along with boring resistivity formation of image measuring device
阅读说明:本技术 一种非导电泥浆随钻电阻率成像测量装置 (Non-conductive mud is along with boring resistivity formation of image measuring device ) 是由 张卫 李新 倪卫宁 曾义金 米金泰 闫立鹏 于 2018-07-25 设计创作,主要内容包括:一种非导电泥浆随钻电阻率成像测量装置,包括:多个信号发射部,用于向地层输出测量电流信号;信号测量部,用于对地层回流的电流进行采集,得到电流检测数据;控制电路,其与信号测量部和各个信号发射部连接,用于控制信号发射部生成并输出相应的测量电流信号,还用于根据接收到的信号测量部所传输来的电流检测数据确定地层的地层电阻率;其中,多个信号发射部沿钻铤轴向对称分布在信号测量部的两侧。本装置将高频电磁波激励通过感应耦合方式穿过非导电泥浆传输到地层,将非导电泥浆与地层等效为一电容电阻形成的电路,本装置能够适用于采用油基泥浆等导电性较差的条件下的地层电阻率检测,其能够为地质导向和后期开发提供井筒高清图像。(A non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device comprises: a plurality of signal emitting sections for outputting a measure current signal to the formation; the signal measuring part is used for collecting the current of the formation backflow to obtain current detection data; the control circuit is connected with the signal measuring part and each signal transmitting part, is used for controlling the signal transmitting part to generate and output a corresponding measuring current signal, and is also used for determining the formation resistivity of the formation according to the received current detection data transmitted by the signal measuring part; wherein, a plurality of signal transmitting parts are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the signal measuring part along the axial direction of the drill collar. The device excites high-frequency electromagnetic waves and penetrates non-conductive mud to be transmitted to the stratum in an inductive coupling mode, the non-conductive mud and the stratum are equivalent to a circuit formed by a capacitance resistor, the device can be suitable for formation resistivity detection under the condition of poor conductivity such as oil-based mud, and the like, and can provide shaft high-definition images for geological guidance and later development.)
1. A non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device is characterized by comprising:
a plurality of signal emitting sections for outputting a measure current signal to the formation;
the signal measuring part is used for collecting current flowing through the signal measuring part to obtain current detection data;
the control circuit is connected with the signal measuring part and each signal transmitting part, is used for controlling the signal transmitting part to generate and output a corresponding measuring current signal, and is also used for determining the formation resistivity of the stratum according to the received current detection data transmitted by the signal measuring part;
the signal transmitting parts are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the signal measuring part along the axial direction of the drill collar.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal measurement section comprises:
the signal measuring electrode assembly is arranged in a first groove distributed on the outer wall of the drill collar, the first groove comprises a first groove component and a second groove component, the first groove component is closer to the outer wall of the drill collar than the second groove component, and the inner diameter of the first groove component is larger than that of the second groove component.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the drill collar has a plurality of first grooves uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction, and each first groove has a signal measuring electrode assembly disposed therein.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 or 3, wherein the signal measurement electrode assembly comprises: an electrode housing, a measuring electrode and an insulating tape, wherein,
the insulating tape is arranged between the electrode shell and the measuring electrode and used for electrically isolating the electrode shell from the measuring electrode;
the electrode housing is disposed within the first recess and has a lower end extending into the second recess component.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 or 3, wherein the signal receiving component comprises a measuring electrode and an insulating tape, wherein,
the insulating tape is disposed within the first groove and a lower end thereof extends into the second groove constituent part;
the measuring electrode is arranged in the insulating tape and is tightly attached to the insulating tape.
6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a measuring electrode holder for defining the signal measuring electrode assembly is provided in the first groove component, and a circular hole is formed in the measuring electrode holder so that the measuring electrode communicates with the outside.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the measurement electrode holder is formed with a radial protrusion extending toward a center of the measurement electrode assembly in a radial direction of the measurement electrode assembly.
8. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the apparatus includes a plurality of signal measurement electrode assemblies evenly distributed along the circumference of the drill collar.
9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the signal measuring section further comprises:
and the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected with the signal measurement electrode assembly and is used for processing and acquiring data of the electric signals transmitted by the signal measurement electrode assembly so as to obtain current detection data.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
the electronic circuit barrel is arranged in the inner cavity of the drill collar, a flow channel for conveying drilling fluid is arranged in the center of the electronic circuit barrel, a sealed electronic bin is formed by the outer wall of the electronic circuit barrel and the inner wall of the drill collar in a matched mode, and the data acquisition circuit is arranged in the electronic bin.
11. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the signal transmitting section comprises:
the transmitting coil is arranged in a transmitting coil groove formed in the outer wall of the drill collar and used for outputting a measuring current signal to the stratum;
and the coil protection cover is used for covering the transmitting coil groove so as to protect the transmitting coil.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the coil shield comprises a structural strength shield and an insulating protective band disposed in close axial proximity along the drill collar, wherein the insulating protective band is disposed on a side remote from the signal measurement portion.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration and development, in particular to a resistivity measurement while drilling device, and particularly relates to a non-conductive mud resistivity imaging measurement while drilling device.
Background
Modern oil drilling and production operations require a great deal of information about the underground well conditions and the stratum, and the detection of shaft information mainly comprises two modes of a cable mode and a drilling mode.
Wireline logging may involve lowering a sonde into the borehole after some or all of the drilling tasks have been completed to determine the formation properties traversed by the borehole. The logging cable not only provides power for the detector, but also is a channel for transmitting data and control signals between the detector and the ground. During operation, the logging cable can lift the detector and measure various properties of the stratum according to the depth position by using the detector. The cable logging instrument can only work in a vertical well or an approximately vertical well because the cable logging instrument needs to be put into the well by the gravity of the cable logging instrument, so that the cable logging instrument has higher requirement on the dog-leg degree of a well hole. Once the inclination of the borehole is larger, the wireline logging instrument cannot be lowered continuously, so that the working range of wireline logging is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device, which comprises:
a plurality of signal emitting sections for outputting a measure current signal to the formation;
the signal measuring part is used for collecting the current of the formation backflow to obtain current detection data;
the control circuit is connected with the signal measuring part and each signal transmitting part, is used for controlling the signal transmitting part to generate and output a corresponding measuring current signal, and is also used for determining the formation resistivity of the stratum according to the received current detection data transmitted by the signal measuring part;
the signal transmitting parts are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the signal measuring part along the axial direction of the drill collar.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal measuring section includes:
the signal measuring electrode assembly is arranged in a first groove distributed on the outer wall of the drill collar, the first groove comprises a first groove component and a second groove component, the first groove component is closer to the outer wall of the drill collar than the second groove component, and the inner diameter of the first groove component is larger than that of the second groove component.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of first grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the drill collar along the circumferential direction, and a signal measuring electrode assembly is arranged in each first groove.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the signal measuring electrode assembly includes: an electrode housing, a measuring electrode and an insulating tape, wherein,
the insulating tape is arranged between the electrode shell and the measuring electrode and used for electrically isolating the electrode shell from the measuring electrode;
the electrode housing is disposed within the first recess and has a lower end extending into the second recess component.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the signal receiving assembly comprises a measuring electrode and an insulating tape, wherein,
the insulating tape is disposed within the first groove and a lower end thereof extends into the second groove constituent part;
the measuring electrode is arranged in the insulating tape and is tightly attached to the insulating tape.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a measuring electrode holder for defining the signal measuring electrode assembly is provided in the first groove component, and a circular hole is formed in the measuring electrode holder so that the measuring electrode communicates with the outside.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the measurement electrode holder is formed with a radial protrusion extending toward a center of the measurement electrode assembly in a radial direction of the measurement electrode assembly.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a plurality of signal measurement electrode assemblies which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drill collar.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal measuring section further includes:
and the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected with the signal measurement electrode assembly and is used for processing and acquiring data of the electric signals transmitted by the signal measurement electrode assembly so as to obtain current detection data.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the apparatus further comprises:
the electronic circuit barrel is arranged in the inner cavity of the drill collar, a flow channel for conveying drilling fluid is arranged in the center of the electronic circuit barrel, a sealed electronic bin is formed by the outer wall of the electronic circuit barrel and the inner wall of the drill collar in a matched mode, and the data acquisition circuit is arranged in the electronic bin.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal transmitting part includes:
the transmitting coil is arranged in a transmitting coil groove formed in the outer wall of the drill collar and used for outputting a measuring current signal to the stratum;
and the coil protection cover is used for covering the transmitting coil groove so as to protect the transmitting coil.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the coil protection cover comprises a structural strength protection cover and an insulation protection belt which are arranged in the drill collar in the axial direction, wherein the insulation protection belt is arranged on the side far away from the signal measuring part.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an integrated circuit model of a non-conductive mud and formation, according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a non-conductive mud and formation integrated circuit model according to another embodiment of the invention
FIG. 5 is a total impedance equivalence plot of a measurement loop according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic mechanical diagram of a non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a measurement electrode assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a measurement electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a measurement electrode assembly according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details or with other methods described herein.
The logging-while-drilling can acquire stratum information, process data and transmit the data to the ground in real time or approximately real time while drilling operation is performed, so that underground stratum conditions are analyzed in time, drilling parameters are adjusted, drilling operation is optimized, the maximum reservoir drilling rate of geosteering drilling is realized, and yield is improved by greatly increasing the base area of a well hole and the stratum. Because the data acquisition and measurement of the logging while drilling are carried out while drilling, the invasion of the stratum is not obvious, and the accuracy of the data can be increased. Logging while drilling can be used for highly deviated wells and horizontal wells, and the time of a drilling machine can be greatly saved.
In logging while drilling, a method of identifying a formation or an oil reservoir by using a difference in formation resistivity is called a resistivity logging method. The high-resolution resistivity logging while drilling can obtain the microstructure information of a shaft while drilling, not only can help to optimally drill a well, but also can identify a formation dip angle and a crack through an image, so that the lost circulation is identified and beneficial guidance is provided for later fracturing. Conventional high resolution resistivity while drilling is measured by a lateral method, i.e., a low frequency or direct current electric field is used to establish a current channel between the formation and the instrument, so as to detect the formation resistivity.
During drilling, a drilling fluid (mud) is adopted, and the functions of the drilling fluid (mud) mainly comprise: (1) cooling the drill bit; (2) keeping the pressure in the well slightly larger than the formation pressure to prevent blowout; (3) the rock debris broken by the drill bit is brought back to the surface, etc., through the space between the drill tool and the ground.
The slurry can be classified into two types according to conductivity: water-based mud and oil-based mud. Under certain conditions, especially in the emerging unconventional shale gas reservoir, the shale gas reservoir must be drilled with oil-based mud because the main formation of the shale gas layer is mudstone, and the clay material in the mudstone is sensitive to water (swells when it encounters water), so that the size of the wellbore will change if water-based mud is used, which threatens the safety of drilling.
However, water-based muds are electrically conductive, and oil-based muds are poorly or even non-conductive. Existing formation resistivity imaging while drilling techniques are designed primarily to accommodate water-based mud types (e.g., patents US6359438B1, US5339037, CN 201410759458.5). The existing oil-based mud imaging technology is mainly a wireline logging mode (for example, US6714014B2), and the existing oil-based mud imaging technology cannot be directly applied to logging-while-drilling operation.
The invention provides a novel device for measuring resistivity imaging of non-conductive mud while drilling, which is used for detecting the resistivity of a stratum to be analyzed based on the capacitive coupling principle and aims to solve the problem that the prior art cannot meet the problem that the formation imaging while drilling is difficult under the conditions of non-conductive mud, oil-based mud and the like.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device provided by the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device provided by the present embodiment preferably includes: a
The
In this embodiment, the first
FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit structure diagram of the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the control circuit 103 of the apparatus preferably includes a
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the
The signal emitting parts are respectively correspondingly connected with the modulators and can generate measuring current according to the signals transmitted by the modulators and transmit the measuring current to the stratum. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the signal transmitting section preferably includes a transmitting coil. In the working process, the transmitting coil is used as a primary coil, the stratum and the drill collar form a secondary coil, and based on the transformer principle, the transmitting coil can load current on the secondary coil, so that a measuring current signal enters the stratum.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the
The plurality of measurement electrode assemblies included in the
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the number of the measurement electrode assemblies included in the
It should be noted that if the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device only contains 1 measurement electrode assembly, the instrument is required to rotate to different angles of the borehole under the condition of rotary drilling during the operation process, so as to measure 1 or more times at different angles, and finally obtain the whole borehole information of the whole borehole 360-degree range. The higher the angular resolution of the detection, the shorter the single measurement time is required, and the higher the requirements on the acquisition measurement system are.
If the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device comprises a plurality of measuring electrode assemblies, the device can perform superposition of data measured by different measuring electrode assemblies at the same angle, so that the signal to noise ratio is improved, and the circumferential resolution effect is increased. In addition, when the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device comprises a plurality of measuring electrode assemblies, even when the instrument does not rotate, the device can obtain formation information in a plurality of directions, and further helps to measure formation resistivity at different angles, and the device is more adaptive.
In the present embodiment, the
The first
FIG. 3 shows a circuit model of non-conductive mud integrated with the formation. Capacitive coupling is a coupling mode generated due to the existence of distributed capacitance, and is also called electrostatic coupling or electric field coupling. The two non-contact front and back stage circuits (or two unit circuits) can be regarded as a coupling capacitor connected in series, and because the capacitor has the functions of conducting alternating current and blocking direct current, alternating current signals can be transmitted from the front stage circuit to the back stage circuit in a non-contact way in a capacitive coupling mode, and the capacitive coupling principle can be applied to the non-contact conductance measurement technology.
In logging models with oil-based drilling fluids, formation conductivity is very low (e.g., 10)-6~10-5S/m), the formation equivalent capacitive reactance cannot be ignored in practice, so the present invention provides a more accurate equivalent logging model, i.e., the parallel model as shown in fig. 3.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the equivalent logging parallel model, the formation is represented by an equivalent resistance R and a capacitance Xc, which are connected in parallel. While the oil-based drilling fluid acts primarily as a capacitor, represented by the capacitance Xc' that is in series with the circuit model representing the formation. Direct current is difficult to pass through the oil-based drilling fluid, and alternating current can enter a stratum to generate an electric field under certain frequency (for example, 4 KHz-100 KHz) by utilizing a circuit network model shown in figure 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, the
The inventor verifies the principle and researches and tests results to show that the stratum conductivity is between 10-4~10- 2When the drilling fluid is in the S/m range, the equivalent capacitance of the drilling fluid is almost unchanged, the deviation of the formation resistance and the result obtained by independent calculation is not large, and the logging result is ideal.
Of course, in other embodiments of the invention, the
For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the
Stray capacitance of the formation (including stray capacitance C corresponding to first
As can be seen from fig. 5, for the total impedance Z of the measurement loop there are:
wherein R represents the formation resistivity.
Expression (1) can be simplified as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
thus, the formation resistivity R can be calculated according to the following expression:
where U denotes a voltage at the signal transmitting part, i denotes an amplitude of the current measured by the signal measuring part, and Φ denotes a phase of the current measured by the signal measuring part.
As shown in fig. 2 again, in this embodiment, the apparatus for measuring resistivity imaging while drilling with non-conductive mud further includes a
Specifically, in this embodiment, if the signal measuring part includes a plurality of signal measuring electrode assemblies, the tool
In this embodiment, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device preferably further comprises a
According to actual needs, in this embodiment, the apparatus for measuring resistivity imaging while drilling of non-conductive mud may further include a
The signal measuring unit and the resistivity measuring unit are used for measuring resistivity data, and the tool face sensor and the tool face detecting unit are used for obtaining angle coordinates, and the resistivity data is mapped according to the angle coordinates to obtain image spreading.
High resolution image sensing places high demands on the measurement speed of both the data acquisition circuitry (which actually acquires current or voltage) connected to the signal measurement electrode assembly and the tool face detection module (which includes the tool face sensor and the tool face detection unit).
The faster the instrument is rotated, the shorter the data acquisition time is given to the data acquisition circuitry and the tool face detection module. For example, if a 128 sector resolution is to be achieved when the instrument is rotating at 120 revolutions per minute (rpm), the sum of the resistivity acquisition and tool face detection times will need to be no greater than 0.0039 seconds.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic mechanical structure diagram of the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device provided by the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the first
The symmetrical distribution of the first
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, according to actual needs, one of the first
Of course, in other embodiments of the invention, according to actual needs, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device includes a plurality of pairs of signal transmitting portions, and through the signal transmitting portions which are arranged at different axial positions of the drill collar and symmetrically distributed relative to the signal measuring portions, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device can obtain detection results of a plurality of different depths, so that convenience is provided for exploring the influence of formations of different depths on the measurement results, and the acquisition of formation information of different depths can also provide a basis for judging the structure or properties of the formation.
In this embodiment, the first
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first
Specifically, the coil shield preferably includes a
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, the
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, an insulating
In particular, insulating
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device optionally further comprises two wear strips (i.e., a
In this embodiment, the
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the
It should be noted that the stabilizer is preferably made of the same material as the drill collar, and in various embodiments of the invention, the stabilizer may be either integrally formed with the drill collar or a separate component. The outer surface of the stabilizer may preferably be laser coated, inlaid with alloy blocks, or the like to improve wear resistance. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the stabilizer may not be disposed on the outer wall of the drill collar, and the signal measurement electrode assembly may be disposed directly on the outer wall of the drill collar.
In this embodiment, the structures of the signal measurement electrode assemblies are the same, so for convenience of description, a further description will be given below by taking one of the measurement electrode assemblies as an example. Fig. 7 shows a schematic mechanism of the measurement electrode assembly in the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the present embodiment, the signal measuring electrode assemblies are disposed in the first grooves distributed on the outer wall of the drill collar. Wherein, the first groove preferably comprises a
In this embodiment, the signal measuring electrode preferably includes: a
The magnitude of the diameter of the
As shown in fig. 7, the insulating
In this embodiment, the insulating
The measuring electrode and the insulating tape and the electrode shell are bonded by a special process, and in the embodiment, a low-temperature glass sealing process is preferably adopted. In the low-temperature glass sealing process, the expansion coefficient deviation of the low-temperature glass powder, the measuring electrode and the insulating tape can be less than 10%, so that the close connection under the high-temperature condition in a well can be ensured.
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, other reasonable processes may be used to effectively bond the measuring electrode and the insulating tape, and the insulating tape and the electrode housing according to actual conditions. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the measuring electrode and the insulating tape and the electrode shell are bonded by using epoxy glue.
As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the measuring
In this embodiment, the
Wherein the measuring
In this embodiment, the measuring
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device further comprises an
In this embodiment, the outer wall of the
In order to protect the electronic devices in the electronic cabin, in this embodiment, a plurality of sealing grooves are further formed on the outer wall of the
Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the measurement electrode assembly may be implemented in other reasonable structures. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the measurement electrode assembly may also be implemented using a structure as shown in fig. 8 or 9.
As shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the measurement electrode assembly no longer includes the
As shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, the measurement electrode assembly also no longer includes the
In this embodiment, the device can utilize the measurement electrode assembly and the signal transmitting part to scan the formation along with the rotation of the drill collar. Meanwhile, when the drill collar does not rotate, the device can obtain formation resistivity information at multiple angles through measuring electrode assemblies distributed at different angles. In addition, according to actual needs, the device can combine the detection data of a plurality of measuring electrode assemblies, so that the lateral resistivity data with no azimuth and high signal intensity can be obtained.
In addition, it should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, according to actual needs, the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device may further include a plurality of signal measuring portions arranged along the axial direction of the drill collar, so that formation information at different depths may be obtained in one measuring process.
From the above description, it can be seen that the prior art can not satisfy the requirement of formation imaging while drilling (for example, measurement of formation resistivity) under the condition of non-conductive mud and oil-based mud, and the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measurement device provided by the invention is based on the capacitive coupling principle to measure the formation resistivity. The device transmits the high-frequency electromagnetic wave excitation to the stratum through the non-conductive slurry in an inductive coupling mode, the non-conductive slurry and the stratum are equivalent to a circuit formed by a capacitance resistor, and meanwhile, the resistivity of the stratum is obtained by separation after the result is obtained by detection and calculation, so that the accurate measurement of the resistivity is realized. Compared with the prior art, the device for measuring the resistivity of the non-conductive mud while drilling by the invention can be suitable for formation resistivity detection under the condition of poor conductivity such as oil-based mud, and can provide high-definition images of a shaft for geosteering and later development.
Meanwhile, the packaging mode of the measuring electrode in the non-conductive mud resistivity imaging while drilling measuring device can further improve the reliability of the device, and meanwhile, the signal transmitting part utilizes the coil protective cover to improve the stress characteristic of the packaging outer layer, which is also beneficial to improving the reliability of the instrument.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures or process steps disclosed herein, but extend to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those skilled in the relevant art. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
While the above examples are illustrative of the principles of the present invention in one or more applications, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form, usage and details of implementation can be made without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is defined by the appended claims.