阅读说明：本技术 用于紧固内衬元件的方法和紧固装置 (Method and fastening device for fastening lining elements ) 是由 F·拉尔森 H·派森 A·胡塔拉 J·伦普塞 M·于贝里 于 2018-06-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种在重型机械中使用的方法和紧固装置(1),用以将内衬元件(2)紧固到车体钢板(4)的表面(3)。本发明还涉及一种组件(17)、一种卡车(23)和一种操作工具(14)。(The invention relates to a method and a fastening device (1) for use in heavy machinery for fastening a lining element (2) to a surface (3) of a steel sheet (4) of a vehicle body. The invention also relates to an assembly (17), a truck (23) and an operating tool (14).)

1. A method for fastening a lining element (2) to a surface (3) of a body steel plate (4), such as a haul truck body (5), for use in heavy machinery, the lining element (2) having at least one fastening portion (16) defining a mounting hole (21),

wherein the method comprises the following steps:

-placing the lining element (2) on the surface (3), the surface (3) having a riveting nut (6) in which a riveting head (7) is accommodated; and

a bolt (11) having a bolt head (12) is inserted and fastened into the rivet nut (6) in order to press at least one fastening portion (16) of the lining element (2) against the surface (3) of the body panel (4).

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: firstly, inserting a riveting nut (6) with a riveting head (7) into a through hole (8) of the vehicle body steel plate (4) so that the riveting head (7) is jointed with the surface (3); and pressing the clinch nut (6) to attach to the vehicle body steel plate (4).

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a washer (9) is placed on the fastening portion (16) of the lining element (2) and the riveting nut (6) is received in a central opening (10) of the washer (9).

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the washer (9) is a rotational lock washer (9) and the central opening (10) is shaped and configured to receive the rivet head (7) in rotational locking engagement.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: engaging a tool (14) in at least one tool engaging portion (13) of the washer (9) for preventing rotation of the washer (9), and thus the clinch nut (6), during tightening of the bolt (11).

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said engagement of the tool (14) is performed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bolt (11).

7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising, before inserting and fastening the bolt (11) into the riveting nut (6), interposing a fastening washer (15) between the bolt head (12) and the fastening portion (16) for axially transmitting forces from the bolt head (12) to the fastening portion (16).

8. A fastening device (1) for fastening a lining element (2) to a surface (3) of a body steel plate (4), such as a haul truck body (5), for use in heavy machinery,

wherein the fastening device (1) comprises:

a clinch nut (6) having a clinch head (7) and an internal thread, said clinch nut (6) being configured to be inserted into a through-hole (8) of the body steel panel (4) to cause the clinch head (7) to engage the surface (3) and to be subsequently pressed for attachment to the body steel panel (4);

a rotary lock washer (9) having a central opening (10) shaped and configured to receive the rivet head (7) in a rotary locking engagement; and

a fastening bolt (11) configured to engage with the internal thread of the riveting nut (6) and having a bolt head (12) configured to press the rotary lock washer (9) against the surface (3) of the body steel plate (4);

wherein the rotary lock washer (9) further comprises at least one tool engagement portion (13) configured to engage with a tool (14) to prevent rotation of the rotary lock washer (9) and thereby the riveting nut (6) during fastening of the lining element (2) between the rotary lock washer (9) and the surface (3).

9. The fastening device (1) according to claim 8, further comprising a fastening washer (15) arranged between the bolt head (12) and a fastening portion (16) of the lining element (2) for axially transferring forces from the bolt head (12) to the fastening portion (16) of the lining element (2).

10. The fastening device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the fastening washer (15) is arranged between the bolt head (12) and the rotational lock washer (9).

11. The fastening device (1) according to any one of claims 8-10, wherein the rivet head (7) is non-circular.

12. The fastening device (1) according to any one of claims 8-11, wherein the shape of the central opening (10) of the rotary lock washer (9) corresponds to the shape of the rivet head (7).

13. The fastening device (1) according to any one of claims 8-12, wherein the tool engagement portion (13) comprises at least one groove.

14. The fastening device (1) according to any one of claims 8-13, wherein the tool engagement portion (13) is accessible by a tool in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bolt (11).

15. The fastening device (1) according to claim 14, wherein the tool engagement portion (13) is accessible from above by means of a tool.

16. An assembly (17) comprising:

a vehicle body steel plate (4);

an inner lining (18) comprising a plurality of lining elements (2) for forming a wear-bearing surface (3) on the steel plate (4) of the vehicle body, each lining element (2) having an outward surface for the movement of lumpy or granular material thereon and also having an inward surface facing the steel plate (4) of the vehicle body, and

a plurality of fastening devices (1) according to any one of claims 9-15 for fastening said lining element (2) to the surface (3) of the body panel (4).

17. Assembly (17) according to claim 16, wherein each lining element (2) comprises a rubber lining (19) and a steel reinforcement plate (20).

18. Assembly (17) according to claim 17, wherein the steel reinforcement plate (20) is at least partially moulded into the rubber inner liner (19).

19. Assembly (17) according to any one of claims 16-18, wherein each lining element (2) comprises at least one fastening portion (16) formed in the steel reinforcing plate (20).

20. Assembly (17) according to claim 19, wherein the fastening portion (16) defines a mounting hole (21) into which the riveting nut (6) of the fastening device (1) is configured to be inserted.

21. Assembly (17) according to any one of claims 16-20, wherein each lining element (2) comprises at least one opening (22) in the rubber lining (19) for access to the fastening portion (16) of the steel reinforcement plate (20).

22. A truck (23) having a haul truck body (5) comprising an assembly (17) according to any one of claims 16-21.

23. An operating tool (14) for use in connection with a method according to claims 5-7 and/or a fastening device (1) according to any one of claims 8-15.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method and a fastening device for fastening a lining element to a surface of a steel plate of a vehicle body (body steel plate) for use in heavy machinery. The invention also relates to an assembly, a truck and an operating tool.

Background

Wear liners are known which are used on both skids and truck platforms to protect the substrate. They are generally composed of natural or synthetic rubber and polyurethane and provide protection from hard impacts by rocks and from wear imposed by materials moving over and in contact with the surface of the lining element. The relatively soft rubber material provides good wear resistance, but must be of a large thickness in order to prevent hard impacts from breaking through the lining element. Harder rubber materials provide better impact protection, but are more susceptible to abrasive wear. Therefore, lining elements have been developed which: in which a plurality of different materials are combined in the outwardly facing surface of the element for the movement of lumpy or granular surface material, such as crushed ore and rock material, over the surface.

When using such lining elements to protect a surface, such as a surface on the body of a haul truck, from wear, there is a problem: material tends to enter under the lining element as it travels between the edge of the lining element and the surface against which the edge bears. This is indeed a problem, as the material gradually loosens the lining element from the surface to which it is attached, eventually causing the lining element to fall off. In addition, the truck will carry an undesirable amount of weight, resulting in reduced capacity, higher fuel consumption, and thus costs that exceed necessary levels.

Another problem is that current attachment methods typically include studs that are welded to the surface to be protected. Not only is this a time consuming process, but it also requires the lining elements to be of considerable height in order to protect the stud bolts from impact damage during use, which could lead to the wear lining elements falling out. Furthermore, the stud bolts may also be damaged during removal of the lining element.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more of the above-identified deficiencies in the art and disadvantages singly or in any combination and solves at least the above mentioned problems.

These and other objects and/or advantages, which will become apparent from the following description of various embodiments, are achieved, in whole or in part, by a method for fastening a lining element to a surface of a steel plate of a body, such as a haul truck body, for use in heavy machinery, the lining element having at least one fastening portion defining a mounting hole. The method comprises the following steps: placing a lining element on the surface, the surface having a rivet nut that receives a rivet head therein; and inserting and fastening the bolt having the bolt head into the rivet nut so as to press the at least one fastening portion of the lining member against the surface of the vehicle body steel plate.

By using a clinch nut, the process of installation and replacement of the lining elements becomes more efficient. For example, the welding stage may be eliminated entirely from the process.

Another advantage is that the bolts used for fastening the lining element are not damaged during disassembly and can thus be reused when replacing the lining element.

A further advantage of the new fastening method is that the height of the lining element can be reduced, since the total distance the fastening members protrude from the bottom of the lining element is reduced.

A further advantage is that maintenance personnel can now be avoided from doing anything from the underside of the car body steel plate.

The rivet nut may be arranged in the surface of the body steel plate such that the rivet head will extend beyond the mounting hole of the fastening portion of the lining element when the lining element is placed on the surface of the body steel plate.

The method may further comprise: firstly, inserting a riveting nut with a riveting head into a through hole of a steel plate of the vehicle body so that the riveting head is jointed with the surface; and compressing the clinch nut for attachment to the body panel.

The method may further comprise: the washer is placed on the fastening portion of the lining element with the clinch nut received in the central opening of the washer. The washer may be a rotational lock washer and the central opening may be shaped and configured to receive a rivet head in rotational locking engagement.

The method may further comprise: a tool is engaged in at least one tool engaging portion of the washer to prevent rotation of the washer and thus the clinch nut during tightening of the bolt. Preferably, the method may further comprise: the tool is engaged in the tool engagement portion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bolt.

Before inserting and fastening the bolt into the clinch nut, the method may further include: a fastening washer is interposed between the bolt head and the fastening portion for axially transferring forces from the bolt head to the fastening portion.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the above and other objects are achieved, in whole or at least in part, by a fastening device for use in heavy machinery for fastening a lining element to a surface of a steel plate of a vehicle body, such as a haul truck body. The fastening device includes: a clinch nut having a clinch head and an internal thread, the clinch nut being configured to be inserted into the through-hole of the body steel plate so that the clinch head engages the surface, and to be subsequently pressed to be attached to the body steel plate; a rotary lock washer having a central opening shaped and configured to receive the rivet head in a rotary locking engagement; and a fastening bolt configured to engage with the internal thread of the rivet nut, and having a bolt head configured to press the rotary lock washer against the surface of the vehicle body steel plate. The rotary lock washer may further include at least one tool engaging portion configured to engage a tool to prevent rotation of the washer and, in turn, the rivet nut during tightening of the liner member between the rotary lock washer and the surface.

The fastening device may further comprise a fastening washer arranged between the bolt head and the fastening portion of the lining element for axially transferring forces from the bolt head to the fastening portion of the lining element.

A fastening washer may be disposed between the bolt head and the rotational lock washer.

The rivet head may be non-circular.

The shape of the central opening of the rotary lock washer may correspond to the shape of the rivet head.

The tool engaging portion may include at least one groove. The tool engagement portion is preferably accessible in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bolt, so that a tool can be applied to the tool engagement portion of the washer from above.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the above and other objects are achieved, in whole or at least in part, by an assembly comprising: a vehicle body steel plate; an inner lining comprising a plurality of lining elements intended to be used as surfaces subject to wear on steel plates of the vehicle body, each lining element having an outwardly facing surface for bulk or particulate material (such as crushed ore and crushed rock) to move over and an inwardly facing surface facing the steel plates of the vehicle body; and a fastening device for fastening the lining member to the surface of the vehicle body steel plate according to the second aspect of the invention.

Each lining element may comprise a rubber lining and a steel reinforcing plate.

The steel reinforcing plate may be at least partially molded into the rubber innerliner.

Each lining element may comprise at least one fastening portion formed in the steel reinforcing plate.

The fastening portion may define a mounting hole into which a rivet nut of the fastening device is configured to be inserted.

Each lining element may comprise at least one opening in the rubber lining for access to the fastening portion of the steel reinforcing plate.

The above and other objects, in whole or in part, are achieved according to a fourth aspect of the invention by a truck having a haul truck body including an assembly according to the third aspect of the invention.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the above and other objects are achieved, in whole or at least in part, by a handling tool for use in association with the method according to the first aspect of the invention and/or the fastening device according to the second aspect of the invention.

The effects and features of the second to fifth aspects of the present invention are largely analogous to those described above in connection with the first aspect of the inventive concept. The embodiments described in relation to the first aspect of the invention are largely compatible with the other aspects of the invention.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed disclosure, the appended claims and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the invention relates to all possible combinations of features.

In general, all terms used in the claims should be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/an/the element, device, component, means, step, etc" are to be interpreted openly as referring to the condition of at least one of the element, device, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise.

As used herein, the term "comprises" and variations of that term are not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps.

Drawings

The above and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood by the following illustrative and non-limiting detailed description of embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals will be used for similar elements, and in which:

fig. 1A and 1B are perspective views of an exemplary embodiment of a fastening device according to a second aspect of the present invention.

Fig. 2A to 2C are perspective views of exemplary embodiments of an assembly according to a third aspect of the present invention.

Fig. 3A to 3H are perspective views of steps in an exemplary embodiment of a method for fastening a lining element to a steel sheet surface of a vehicle body for use in heavy machinery, according to a first aspect of the present invention.

Fig. 4A is a perspective view of a truck incorporating a haul truck body according to a fourth aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 4B is a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a haul truck body.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1A and 1B show a fastening device 1 for use in heavy machinery according to an exemplary embodiment, the fastening device 1 being used for fastening a lining element 2 to a surface 3 of a body steel plate 4, such as a haul truck body 5.

The fastening device 1 comprises a rivet nut 6 having a rivet head 7 and an internal thread. The clinch nut 6 is configured to be inserted into the through-hole 8 of the vehicle body steel plate 4 such that the clinch head 7 engages the surface 3 of the vehicle body steel plate 4, and is configured to be thereafter pressed so as to be attached to the vehicle body steel plate 4.

The fastening device 1 further comprises a rotary lock washer 9 having: a central opening 10 shaped and configured to receive the rivet head 7 in a rotational locking engagement; and a fastening bolt 11 configured to engage the internal thread of the rivet nut 6 and having a bolt head 12 configured to press the rotary lock washer 9 against the surface 3 of the vehicle body steel plate 4. The shape of the central opening 10 of the rotary lock washer 9 corresponds to the shape of the non-circular rivet head 7.

The rotary lock washer 9 has a tool engaging portion 13 configured to engage a tool 14 to prevent rotation of the rotary lock washer 9 and thus the clinch nut 6 during tightening of the lining element 2 between the rotary lock washer 9 and the surface 3.

In this embodiment, the fastening device 1 further comprises a fastening washer 15 arranged between the bolt head 12 and the fastening portion 16 of the lining element 2 for axially transferring forces from the bolt head 12 to the fastening portion 16 of the lining element 2. A fastening washer 15 is arranged between the bolt head 12 and the rotary lock washer 9.

As shown in fig. 1B, the total height h of the fastening portion 16 and the rotary lock washer 9₁Exceeds the height h of the rivet joint 7 protruding above the vehicle body steel plate 4₂. This ensures that the axial transmission of force from the bolt head 12 is received by the fastening portion 16 of the lining element 2 (which is thereby pressed against the surface 3 of the body steel plate 4), rather than by the rivet head 7 projecting above the body steel plate 4.

Fig. 2A to 2C show an assembly 17 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The assembly 17 comprises a body steel plate 4 and an inner lining 18 with lining elements 2 intended to be used on the surface 3 of the body steel plate 4 subject to wear. The assembly 17 further comprises a plurality of fastening means 1 for fastening the lining element 2 to the surface 3 of the body panel 4.

Each lining element 2 has: an outwardly facing surface for bulk or particulate material (such as crushed ore and crushed rock) to move thereon; and an inwardly facing surface that faces the body steel plate 4.

Each lining element 2 further comprises a rubber lining 19 and a steel reinforcing plate 20. A steel reinforcing plate 20 is attached to the rubber lining 19 or at least partially moulded into the rubber lining 19 and comprises the fastening portion 16. The fastening portion 16 defines a mounting hole 21 into which the clinch nut 6 of the fastening device 1 is configured to be inserted. Each lining element 2 further comprises an opening 22 in the rubber lining 19 for access to the fastening portion 16 of the steel reinforcing plate 20.

In fig. 2C it is shown that the opening 22 in the rubber lining 19 has a diameter d which is larger than the diameter d of the mounting hole 21 in the fastening portion 16 of the reinforcing plate 20₂Larger diameter d₁. This is necessary in order to fasten the bolt 11 into the rivet nut 6 during the attachment of the lining element 2 to the body panel 4The rotary lock washer 9 can be reached by means of the tool 14. Of course, the through-hole 8 of the body steel plate 4 has the smallest diameter d₃To engage the clinch nut 6 which engages the surface 3 of the body panel 4.

Also indicated in FIG. 2C is the height h from the top of the bolt head 12 of the fastening bolt 11 to the top of the rubber lining 19₃. Height h₃The safety distance of the fastening device 1 is shown when the material hits the lining element 21. The fastening device 1 is a more compact solution than the conventional method of fastening the lining element 2 to the body steel plate 4. This makes it possible to reduce the overall height of the rubber lining 19, while still maintaining the same safety distance h₃. As a result, the weight of the lining element 2 is also reduced.

Fig. 3A to 3H show an exemplary embodiment of a method for fastening a lining element 2 to a surface 3 of a body steel panel 4 (when the lining element 2 has at least one fastening portion 16 defining a mounting hole 21) in heavy machinery.

First of all, it should be noted that there are basically two different situations in which this fastening method is used today, namely initial fastening (manufacturing) or maintenance (replacement) of the lining element 2.

When using this method for fastening a lining element 2 to a surface 3 of a steel plate 4 of a vehicle body at a first time (for example during the manufacturing process), it is necessary (in a suitable order) to include the following steps: inserting a clinch nut 6 having a clinch head 7 into a through-hole 8 of a vehicle body steel plate 4 so that the clinch head 7 engages the surface 3 (fig. 3A); the clinch nut 6 is pressed to attach to the body steel plate 4 (fig. 3B); placing the lining element 2 on the surface 3 having the rivet head 7 received therein and extending beyond the mounting hole 21 (fig. 3C); and inserting and fastening the bolt 11 having the bolt head 12 into the rivet nut 6 so as to press the fastening portion 16 of the lining member 2 against the surface 3 of the vehicle body steel plate 4 (fig. 3F and 3G).

In the embodiment disclosed in fig. 3A to 3H, the method further comprises placing the rotary lock washer 9 on the fastening portion 16 of said lining element 2, the riveting nut 6 being received in the central opening 10 of the rotary lock washer 9 (fig. 3D). The central opening 10 is shaped and configured here to receive the rivet head 7 in a rotationally locked engagement.

Thereafter, a tool 14 can be engaged into the tool engaging portion 14 of the rotary lock washer 9 to prevent rotation of the rotary lock washer 9, and thus the riveting nut 6, during tightening of the bolt 11 (fig. 3E). Since the amount of space available in such an opening is limited, it is advantageous that the tool engaging portion of the washer is accessible from above, i.e. the tool can simply be pushed onto the washer into a state preventing rotational engagement.

Before inserting and fastening the bolt 11 into the rivet nut 6, a fastening washer 15 is interposed between the bolt head 12 and the fastening portion 16 (specifically, between the bolt head 12 and the rotary lock washer 9) so as to axially transmit force from the bolt head 12 to the fastening portion 16 (fig. 3D).

When using the method for fastening the lining element 2 to the surface 3 of the body steel panel 4 when performing a replacement, for example during a maintenance procedure, it may be sufficient to adopt the following steps: placing the lining element 2 on the surface 3 (fig. 3C); and inserting and fastening the bolt 11 having the bolt head 12 into the clinch nut 6 so as to press the fastening portion 16 of the lining member 2 against the surface 3 of the vehicle body steel plate 4 (fig. 3F and 3G). Of course, other steps (as described above) may also be suitable during the replacement of the lining element 2.

Fig. 4A shows a truck 23 having a haul truck body 5 including the assembly 17 as described above.

In fig. 4B, another embodiment of a haul truck body 5 is shown.

It is to be understood that other variations of the present invention are contemplated and, in some instances, some features of the present invention may be employed without a corresponding use of the other features of the present invention. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the scope of the invention.

For example, it should be noted that it is not necessary to fasten all lining elements 2 to the body steel panel 4 using the fastening device 1. Some of the lining elements 2, for example lining elements 2 on the side walls, can be fastened using conventional fastening methods, such as welded studs.

Of course, the number, size and shape of the components of the fastening device 1 and the assembly 17 may be varied in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention.