阅读说明：本技术 物料加热脱水方法及装置 (Material heating dehydration method and device ) 是由 张书廷 冯海涛 张嘉明 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及物料的加热脱水降低水分的方法及装置,通过在具有加热夹套的圆筒内螺旋推动物料向前移动的同时,圆筒顶部设置圆筒圆周的1/6以下的蒸发蒸汽逸出区间导出蒸发蒸汽,实现物料的移动加热和蒸发脱水同时进行；通过蒸发蒸汽逸出区间设置的与螺旋旋转方向相反方向倾斜的物料导向作用板作用,实现物料的圆周旋转、蒸汽导出而不堵塞通道,达到蒸汽顺利导出与物料顺畅输送,装置结构简单,传热和蒸发效率高,设备投资费用低。(The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing water content by heating dehydration of materials, which lead out evaporation steam by arranging an evaporation steam escape interval below 1/6 on the circumference of a cylinder at the top of the cylinder while pushing the materials to move forwards in the cylinder with a heating jacket, thereby realizing the simultaneous movement heating and evaporation dehydration of the materials; through the material guide action plate effect that sets up with the opposite direction slope of spiral direction of rotation between the evaporation steam escape interval, realize that the circumference of material is rotatory, steam is derived and not block up the passageway, reach that steam derives smoothly and smoothly carries with the material, device simple structure, it is efficient to conduct heat and evaporation, and equipment investment cost is low.)

1. The material heating and dehydrating method is characterized in that the material is indirectly heated by an external heating source in the process of being pushed to move by a spiral rotation pushing force, and the moisture contained in the material is vaporized to generate evaporation steam which escapes to a gas phase space outside a material layer in the radial direction pushed by the spiral rotation to realize the reduction of the moisture of the material; the gas phase space escaping to the outside of the material layer in the radial direction is realized by the fact that the material moves in the cylinder, and the evaporation steam escaping interval which is arranged at the top of the cylinder and occupies 1/20-1/6 of the circumference of the cylinder is used for guiding out the evaporation steam.

2. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the material is accelerated to move in the spiral rotating direction by applying a component force in the rotating direction and downward to the contacted material through a material guiding and acting plate disposed in the opposite direction to the spiral rotating direction of the spiral rotating and pushing in the evaporation vapor escape zone.

3. The device for realizing the material heating dehydration method is characterized by at least comprising a shell of the dehydrator, a spiral rotating shaft with spiral blades, a material inlet, a material outlet, an evaporation steam escape area and an evaporation steam guide outlet; the dehydrator is characterized in that the shell of the dehydrator consists of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a jacket is formed between the cylinders, a heating source circulates inside the cylinders, an evaporation steam escape interval is arranged at the top of the dehydrator shell and is distributed and arranged along the axial direction of the dehydrator shell, the lower part of the evaporation steam escape interval is in contact with the top of the material layer, the upper part of the evaporation steam escape interval is connected with an evaporation steam guide outlet, and the evaporation steam escape interval accounts for 1/20-1/6 of the circumference of the cylinders on the circumference of the cylinders of the shell.

4. The device for realizing the method of claim 2, wherein the material guiding and acting plates inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotating direction are arranged at intervals on the circumference of an evaporation steam escape zone at the top of the cylinder, and the bottoms of the material guiding and acting plates are contacted with the inner circumference line of the cylinder and form an included angle of 10-45 degrees with the inner circumference tangent line of the contact point of the material guiding and acting plates.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material is heated in the drum by a spiral rotation movement, and the evaporation and dehydration unit is heated by a spiral rotation movement derived from an evaporation steam escape zone by evaporation of moisture contained therein, and is used as an operation unit to be combined with other units as follows:

(1) the spiral rotating and moving heating unit is connected with the upstream of the material flowing process of the spiral rotating and moving heating and evaporating dehydration unit, the spiral rotating and moving heating unit moves the material in the cylinder and is indirectly heated by an external heating source, but no evaporation steam escapes and is led out;

(2) the lower stream of the material flow process of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit is connected with a gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit, the gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit is used for indirectly heating the material by a heat source in the process of descending by gravity from top to bottom in a vertical heater provided with an indirect heating plate, and the moisture in the material is evaporated to generate evaporation steam and is led out of the dryer;

(3) the spiral rotary moving heating unit is connected with the upstream of the material flow process of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit, and the gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit is connected with the downstream of the material flow process of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit.

6. The method of claim 1 or 5, wherein the evaporation vapor escape zone is used for guiding out the evaporation vapor by suction of a fan or by condensation of the vapor outside the drying system to form negative pressure suction.

7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the evaporation vapor escape zone is formed in the top of the dehydrator casing in a cylindrical section through the center of the circle having a vertical diameter in the range of 15 ° in the direction of the incoming spiral rotation to 45 ° in the direction of the outgoing spiral rotation.

8. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the extractor housing is axially divided into two sections, the section near the material inlet being free of escape regions for evaporated steam, and the section further from the material inlet being free of escape regions for evaporated steam.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing water content by heating dehydration of materials, in particular to a method and a device which can carry out high-efficiency and rapid large-scale treatment and prevent blockage under the conditions of large treatment capacity, low dehydration degree requirement and small heat transfer coefficient among materials for granular materials, and belongs to the field of drying, dehydration and environment.

Background

In industrial production, there are many cases where the moisture content of a material needs to be reduced, and heat drying, heat dehydration, and the like are required. In this respect, air flow drying, vibrating bed drying, paddle dryers, hollow screw drying and the like have been used for many applications. But for large material quantity and particle materials, the treatment process has the advantages of high requirement speed, high efficiency and simple equipment, and the treatment process is suitable for the blockage prevention caused by the caking change brought by the change of the moisture of the materials. The paddle dryer and the hollow spiral drying have strong self-cleaning capability on materials with large viscosity, the utilization efficiency of an indirect drying heat source is higher, and the paddle dryer and the hollow spiral drying have obvious advantages on the condition of large material cohesiveness; however, for materials such as coal materials which have not very high moisture and are in loose or granular structures, the heat transfer coefficient among the materials is small, the advantages of equipment cannot be fully exerted, and the problem of large equipment investment is caused. The invention provides a drying method and a device which have high processing capacity, carry out shallow dehydration on granular materials, have strong physical property adaptability on the materials and can be used as a pre-dehydration means.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a simple and efficient material heating and dehydrating method and device which are suitable for small heat transfer coefficient, granular materials and shallow dehydration and have large treatment capacity. The evaporation steam is led out by an evaporation steam escape interval below 1/6 of the circumference of the cylinder arranged at the top of the cylinder while the material is pushed to move forwards by the screw in the cylinder with the heating jacket, so that the moving heating and the evaporation dehydration of the material are carried out simultaneously; the circumferential rotation of the materials and the steam discharge are realized without blocking a channel by the action of a material guide action plate which is arranged in an evaporation steam escape interval and is inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction, so that the smooth discharge of the steam and the smooth conveying of the materials are realized; the evaporation steam escape zone is arranged at the top of the circumference of the cylinder and/or the top rear area in the spiral direction, and the blockage of the steam channel of the steam escape zone caused by the spiral rotation on the circumference is prevented. The device of the method has simple structure, high heat transfer and evaporation efficiency and low equipment investment cost.

The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme:

the material heating and dehydrating method is characterized in that the material is indirectly heated by an external heating source in the process of being pushed to move by a spiral rotation pushing force, and the moisture contained in the material is vaporized to generate evaporation steam which escapes to a gas phase space outside a material layer in the radial direction pushed by the spiral rotation to realize the reduction of the moisture of the material; the gas phase space escaping to the outside of the material layer in the radial direction is realized by the fact that the material moves in the cylinder, and the evaporation steam escaping interval which is arranged at the top of the cylinder and occupies 1/20-1/6 of the circumference of the cylinder is used for guiding out the evaporation steam.

The method is characterized in that a material guide action plate which is arranged in the evaporation steam escape zone and inclines in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction pushed by spiral rotation applies component force in the rotation direction and downward on the contacted material, and the material is promoted to move in the spiral rotation direction.

The device for realizing the material heating dehydration method is characterized by at least comprising a shell of the dehydrator, a spiral rotating shaft with spiral blades, a material inlet, a material outlet, an evaporation steam escape area and an evaporation steam guide outlet; the dehydrator is characterized in that the shell of the dehydrator consists of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, a jacket is formed between the cylinders, a heating source circulates inside the cylinders, an evaporation steam escape interval is arranged at the top of the dehydrator shell and is distributed and arranged along the axial direction of the dehydrator shell, the lower part of the evaporation steam escape interval is in contact with the top of the material layer, the upper part of the evaporation steam escape interval is connected with an evaporation steam guide outlet, and the evaporation steam escape interval accounts for 1/20-1/6 of the circumference of the cylinders on the circumference of the cylinders of the shell.

The device for realizing the material heating dehydration method is characterized in that the material guide action plates inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction are arranged on the circumference of an evaporation steam escape zone at the top of the cylinder at intervals, and the bottoms of the material guide action plates are contacted with the inner circumference line of the cylinder and form an included angle of 10-45 degrees with the inner circumference tangent line of the contact point.

The method is characterized in that the material which is spirally and rotationally moved in the cylinder is heated, the spiral rotation movement heating evaporation dehydration unit which leads out the evaporation steam escape zone for evaporation of contained water is taken as an operation unit to be combined with other units as follows:

(1) the spiral rotating and moving heating unit is connected with the upstream of the material flowing process of the spiral rotating and moving heating and evaporating dehydration unit, the spiral rotating and moving heating unit moves the material in the cylinder and is indirectly heated by an external heating source, but no evaporation steam escapes and is led out;

(2) the lower stream of the material flow process of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit is connected with a gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit, the gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit is used for indirectly heating the material by a heat source in the process of descending by gravity from top to bottom in a vertical heater provided with an indirect heating plate, and the moisture in the material is evaporated to generate evaporation steam and is led out of the dryer;

(3) the spiral rotary moving heating unit is connected with the upstream of the material flow process of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit, and the gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit is connected with the downstream of the material flow process of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit.

The method is characterized in that the evaporation steam is guided out from the evaporation steam escape area by the suction of a fan or the suction of negative pressure formed by the condensation of the steam outside the drying system.

The device is characterized in that the evaporation steam escape interval is arranged in the interval from 15 degrees in the spiral rotation entering direction to 45 degrees in the spiral rotation leaving direction through the vertical diameter of the circle center of the cylindrical circumferential section at the top of the dehydrator shell.

The device is characterized in that the device is divided into two parts along the axial direction of the dehydrator shell, the part close to the material inlet is not provided with an evaporation steam escape interval, and the part far away from the material inlet is provided with an evaporation steam escape interval.

The concrete description is as follows:

in industrial production, such as coal and the like, the treatment capacity is large, and materials with granular structures require moisture reduction, so that the treatment process requires high speed, high efficiency and simple equipment, and the treatment process is suitable for the requirement of blockage prevention caused by caking change caused by moisture change of the materials. According to the invention, in the process that the material is pushed to move by the spiral rotation driving force, the material is indirectly heated by an external heating source, and the moisture contained in the material is vaporized to generate evaporation steam which escapes to a gas phase space outside the material layer in the radial direction pushed by the spiral rotation, so that the moisture of the material is reduced; the gas phase space escaping to the outside of the material layer in the radial direction is realized by the fact that the materials move in the cylinder, the evaporation steam escaping section which is arranged at the top of the cylinder and occupies 1/20-1/6 of the circumference of the cylinder is used for guiding out the evaporation steam, the blockage of material bridging can be well prevented only under the spiral rotation pushing action, the heat transfer is promoted, and the heat transfer efficiency of the loose materials is improved. In addition, the material can absorb heat and raise temperature in the moving process, and then evaporation steam can be generated in time to escape to a gas phase space outside the material layer, so that the evaporation dehydration speed can be greatly improved, and the heat transfer can be further promoted; the evaporation steam that accounts for drum circumference 1/20 ~ 1/6 that sets up through the drum top is escaped the interval and is derived evaporation steam, not only makes the material just can make evaporation steam derive in the spiral rotation, owing to the evaporation steam escaped the interval and only accounts for 1/20 ~ 1/6's proportion in the drum circumference, has both guaranteed the heating area that the drum pressed from both sides the cover because the material is not received the interval of drum outer wall effect very little at the spiral rotation removal in-process, has guaranteed that the material can move forward smoothly.

In the actual industrial process, under the condition of processing hundreds of tons of materials per hour, the heating device is required to be large in scale, the diameter of the cylinder is correspondingly increased, and in the condition, an evaporation steam escape area is larger on the circumference, so that the spiral conveying of the materials can be influenced, stockpiles are formed, and the stable operation is influenced. According to the invention, the material guide action plate which is arranged in the evaporation steam escape zone and inclines in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction exerts component force in the rotation direction and downward on the contacted material, so that the movement of the material along the spiral rotation direction is promoted.

Realize extensive heating dehydration and the steady operation of above-mentioned material, adopt and constitute by inside and outside two drums, form between the drum and press from both sides the cover and circulate the dehydrator shell that heats the heat source in inside, the evaporation steam escape interval sets up at dehydrator shell top, and arrange along dehydrator shell axial distribution, rotate by the spiral pivot that has helical blade in the drum and promote the rotatory axial displacement along the material, and from material export exhaust device, realized removing the space that can in time produce evaporation steam escape to the material layer after the in-process heat absorption intensifies, can improve evaporation dehydration speed by a wide margin, also can further promote the heat transfer. The lower part of the evaporation steam escape zone is in contact with the material layer at the top, the upper part of the evaporation steam escape zone is connected with the evaporation steam guide outlet, and the evaporation steam escape zone occupies 1/20-1/6 of the circumference of the cylinder on the circumference of the cylinder of the shell, so that the heating area of the cylinder jacket is ensured, and the material can smoothly move forwards due to the fact that the zone, which is not acted by the outer wall of the cylinder, of the material in the spiral moving process is very small.

The material guide action plates inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction are arranged on the circumference of an evaporation steam escape zone at the top of the cylinder at intervals, the bottoms of the material guide action plates are in contact with an inner circle line (a virtual line is arranged at a contact point) of the cylinder, and form an included angle of 10-45 degrees with the inner circle tangent line of the contact point, so that the material guide action plates apply force components in the rotation direction and downward on the contacted materials, the movement of the materials in the spiral rotation direction is promoted, and the problems that the materials in the evaporation steam escape zone of a large-diameter device are extruded to form stockpiles, and the normal movement of the materials is hindered, and the stable operation of the device is prevented are solved.

The spiral rotation movement heating evaporation dehydration unit is used as an operation unit to be combined with other units, so that the requirements of different material characteristics, moisture characteristics and dehydration degree can be better met. Such as

(1) The spiral rotating and moving heating unit is connected with the upstream of the spiral rotating and moving heating and evaporating dehydration unit, and the spiral rotating and moving heating unit moves the material in the cylinder and is indirectly heated by an external heating source, but no evaporation steam escapes and is led out. Like this, heat the material as the preheating section under the condition that the material temperature is low, not only enlarged heating area but also made the device simplification of material heating section, saved equipment investment.

(2) The lower stream of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit is connected with a gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit, the gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit is used for indirectly heating materials in a vertical heater provided with an indirect heating plate from top to bottom in a downward process depending on gravity, and water in the materials is evaporated to generate evaporation steam and is led out of the dryer. Therefore, under the conditions of large requirement on the reduction range of the moisture, large quantity of evaporated water, large initial moisture, large material viscosity and easy bridging and blocking, the spiral rotating movement heating evaporation dehydration unit can be adopted in the moisture section with high moisture and easy bridging and blocking, and the gravity moving bed is adopted for dehydration under the condition that the moisture is not easy to block after falling, so that the power consumption of material conveying is reduced.

(3) The spiral rotary moving heating unit is connected with the upstream of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit, and the gravity moving bed heating evaporation dehydration unit is connected with the downstream of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit. Thus, the method can adapt to initial high moisture and the condition that the dehydration range is required to be large.

The spiral rotary moving heating unit and the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration unit can be connected in series of two independent machines, and also can be characterized in that an evaporation steam escape interval is not arranged at the front section of one machine, only the material is heated, evaporation dehydration is not carried out, namely, only the spiral moving heating function is realized, an evaporation steam escape interval is arranged at the rear section of the spiral rotary moving heating unit, the material is heated and dehydrated by water evaporation, namely, the rear section is the heating water evaporation function.

Export evaporation steam between the escape interval of evaporation steam is realized by the fan suction, or steam forms the negative pressure suction outside drying system and realizes, the homoenergetic leads evaporation steam fast and efficiently, improves the heat transfer and the dehydration efficiency of material, and used fan power consumption is not big again, the negative pressure that the steam condensation formed also can satisfy evaporation steam's derivation requirement, can accomplish not need power consumption just can lead steam fast and can retrieve the purpose of comdenstion water.

The evaporation steam escape interval is arranged in the interval from 15 degrees in the spiral rotation entering direction to 45 degrees in the spiral rotation leaving direction through the vertical diameter of the circle center of the cylindrical circumferential section at the top of the dehydrator shell. Therefore, the material can move forwards in the circumferential rotation of the inner wall of the cylinder, no material piling is realized, and the screw machine runs smoothly.

The steam extractor is axially divided into two parts along the shell of the steam extractor, the part close to the material inlet is not provided with an evaporation steam escape zone, and the part far away from the material inlet is provided with an evaporation steam escape zone. Therefore, the temperature is low in a section of moving section of the material just entering the dehydrator, and water evaporation basically does not occur, so that the moving section without an evaporation steam escape section is only heated, the heating surface is large, and the efficiency is high; when the materials move, the materials are heated to a certain degree and then enter a moving section provided with an evaporation steam escape area, and evaporation and dehydration are carried out while moving and heating are carried out, so that the overall efficiency is high.

Under the condition that the length of the dehydrator is longer, the circumferential reinforcing ribs can be arranged in the axial direction of the evaporation steam escape area, the escape function of the evaporation steam is not influenced, or the evaporation steam escape area and the evaporation steam escape area can be alternately arranged according to specific materials and heating requirements, and the method also belongs to the strategy category of the invention.

The axial vertical direction in the present invention refers to the macroscopic flow path of the vapor, and is not the local movement and diffusion trajectory of each vapor molecule.

The invention has the beneficial effects of providing the simple and efficient material heating and dehydrating method and the device which are suitable for the small heat transfer coefficient, the granular materials and the shallow dehydration and have large treatment capacity. The evaporation steam is led out from an evaporation steam escape interval below 1/6 of the circumference of the cylinder arranged at the top of the cylinder while the material is pushed to move forwards by the spiral rotation in the cylinder with the heating jacket, so that the moving heating and the evaporation dehydration of the material are carried out simultaneously; the material guide action plate which is arranged in the evaporation steam escape area and inclines in the direction opposite to the spiral rotating direction realizes the circumferential rotation of the material and the steam discharge without blocking a channel, so that the smooth discharge of the steam and the smooth conveying of the material are realized; the evaporation steam escape zone is arranged at the top of the circumference of the cylinder and/or the area behind the top in the spiral direction, so that the blockage of the steam channel of the evaporation steam escape zone by the circumferential rotation is prevented. The method has the advantages of high heat transfer and evaporation efficiency, stable operation, simple device structure and low investment cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the axial schematic diagram of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration device;

FIG. 2: the radial schematic diagram of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration device;

FIG. 3: a schematic diagram of a material guide action plate in an evaporation steam escape area of the spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydration device;

FIG. 4: a cascade schematic diagram of spiral rotation moving heating, spiral rotation moving heating evaporation dehydration and gravity moving bed drying;

wherein: 1-spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydrator casing, 2-spiral rotating shaft, 3-spiral blade, 4-motor, 5-material inlet, 6-material outlet, 7-evaporation steam escape interval, 8-evaporation steam leading-out port, 9-inner cylinder, 10-outer cylinder, 11-heat source circulation jacket, 12-heat source inlet, 13-heat source outlet, 14-cylinder vertical diameter line, 15-spiral rotating shaft rotating direction, 16-material guiding action plate, 17-included angle between material guiding action plate and inner circle tangent line of contact point of inner circle line of cylinder, 18-material raw material, 19-spiral rotary moving heater, 20-spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydrator, 21-gravity moving bed dryer, 22-dried material, the included angle between the edge of the evaporation steam escape region in the spiral rotation entering direction and the vertical diameter line of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the beta-cylinder and the included angle between the edge of the evaporation steam escape region in the spiral rotation leaving direction and the vertical diameter line of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the gamma-cylinder.

Detailed Description

Example 1

This example is an application example of coal chemical feedstock coal dehydration by heating, as shown in fig. 4. The raw material coal (material 18 in the figure) is sent into a spiral rotary moving heater 19, the temperature is raised from 10 ℃ to about 40 ℃ by a heat source and then discharged, then the raw material coal enters a dehydrator from a material inlet 5 of a spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydrator 20 (the specific structure is shown in figure 1), the spiral blade 3 drives the material to rotate spirally and simultaneously be pushed forwards along with the rotation of a spiral rotating shaft 2 driven by a motor 4, and finally the raw material coal is discharged from a material outlet 6; in the process of rotating and moving in the spiral rotating and moving heating evaporation dehydrator, the raw coal is heated by a heat source in a heat source circulation jacket 11 between an inner cylinder 9 and an outer cylinder 10 (the heat source is fed from a heat source inlet 12 and discharged from a heat source outlet 13), and evaporation steam generated during temperature rising escapes from the evaporation steam escape zone 7 to a gas phase space, is discharged from an evaporation steam outlet 8, and therefore the moisture of the raw coal is reduced. The coal material with the water content reduced to a certain degree is sent into a gravity moving bed dryer 21, the coal material is indirectly heated by a heating plate (not shown in the figure) in the process of moving downwards by the gravity from the top, the water content in the coal material is vaporized to generate evaporation steam to be led out of the dryer, the coal material is further dehydrated, and the coal material (the dried material 22 in the figure) meeting the drying requirement is discharged from the bottom of the dryer and sent to a coal tower for later use.

1/15 the escape interval of the evaporated steam occupies the circumference of the cylinder; in the evaporation steam escape region, a plurality of material guide action plates inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction are arranged at intervals, and form an included angle 17 of 20 degrees with the inner circle tangent of the inner circle virtual line contact point of the cylinder, so that the material guide action plates apply action component forces in the rotation direction and downwards on the contacted materials, as shown in fig. 3. The included angle beta between the edge of the evaporation steam escape interval in the spiral rotation entering direction and the vertical diameter of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the cylinder is 5 degrees, and the included angle gamma between the edge of the evaporation steam escape interval in the spiral rotation leaving direction and the vertical diameter of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the cylinder is 19 degrees.

The evaporation steam discharged from the spiral rotary heating evaporation dehydrator 20 is sucked and discharged by an induced draft fan (not shown) connected to the evaporation steam outlet 8.

By the process and the device, the coal dehydration with no blockage and low cost is realized.

Example 2

This example is an application example of the heating dehydration of coking coal, and the basic process is shown in the front part of fig. 4. The raw material coal (material 18 in the figure) is sent into a spiral rotary moving heater 19, the temperature is raised from 10 ℃ to about 45 ℃ by a heat source and then discharged, then the raw material coal enters a dehydrator from a material inlet 5 of a spiral rotary moving heating evaporation dehydrator 20 (the specific structure is shown in figure 1), the spiral blade 3 drives the material to rotate along with the rotation of a spiral rotating shaft 2 driven by a motor 4, the material is pushed forward while rotating spirally, and finally the material coal is discharged from a material outlet 6; in the process of rotating and moving in the spiral moving heating evaporation dehydrator, the raw coal is heated by a heat source in a heat source circulation jacket 11 between an inner cylinder 9 and an outer cylinder 10, and evaporation steam generated during temperature rising is separated from a coking coal bed from an evaporation steam escape zone 7, escaped to a gas phase space and discharged from an evaporation steam outlet 8, so that the moisture of the raw coal is reduced.

1/20 the escape interval of the evaporated steam occupies the circumference of the cylinder; in the evaporation steam escape zone, a plurality of material guide action plates inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction are arranged at intervals, and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the inner circle tangent of the contact point, so that the material guide action plates apply a component force in the rotation direction and downward on the contacted materials, as shown in fig. 3. The included angle beta between the edge of the evaporation steam escape interval in the spiral rotation entering direction and the vertical diameter of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the cylinder is 0 degree, and the included angle gamma between the edge of the evaporation steam escape interval in the spiral rotation leaving direction and the vertical diameter of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the cylinder is 18 degrees.

The evaporation steam discharged from the spiral rotary heating evaporation dehydrator 20 is sucked and discharged by an induced draft fan (not shown) connected to the evaporation steam outlet 8.

By the process and the device, the coal dehydration with no blockage and low cost is realized.

Example 3

This example is an application example of the heating dehydration of the coking coal, and the basic process is shown in the latter part of fig. 4. Raw material coal (material 18 in the figure) is fed into a spiral rotating and moving heating evaporation dehydrator 20 (the specific structure is shown in figure 1), is heated by a heat source in a heat source circulation jacket in the process of rotating and moving in the spiral rotating and moving heating evaporation dehydrator, generates evaporation steam at the same time of temperature rise, leaves a coking coal bed from an evaporation steam escape zone 7, escapes to a gas phase space, and is discharged from an evaporation steam outlet 8, so that the moisture content of the raw coal is reduced. The coal material with the water content reduced to a certain degree is sent into a gravity moving bed dryer 20, the coal material is indirectly heated by a heating plate in the process of moving downwards by means of gravity from the top, the water content in the coal material is vaporized to generate evaporation steam and is led out of the dryer, the coal material is further dried, and the coal material (the dried material 21 in the figure) meeting the drying requirement is discharged from the bottom of the dryer and is sent to a coal tower for later use.

1/6 the escape interval of the evaporated steam occupies the circumference of the cylinder; in the evaporation steam escape zone, a plurality of material guide action plates inclined in the direction opposite to the spiral rotation direction are arranged at intervals, and form an included angle of 15 degrees with the inner circle tangent of the contact point of the material guide action plates, so that the material guide action plates apply component force to the contacted materials in the rotation direction and downwards, as shown in fig. 3. The included angle beta between the edge of the evaporation steam escape interval in the spiral rotation entering direction and the vertical diameter of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the cylinder is 5 degrees, and the included angle gamma between the edge of the evaporation steam escape interval in the spiral rotation leaving direction and the vertical diameter of the cylinder on the circumferential section of the cylinder is 45 degrees.

The evaporated steam discharged from the screw-rotating heating/evaporating/dehydrating machine 20 is sucked and discharged by a negative pressure formed by a steam condenser (not shown) connected to the evaporated steam outlet 8.

By the process and the device, the coal dehydration with no blockage and low cost can be realized.

Example 4

The embodiment is an application example of a two-stage machine for heating and dehydrating materials by adopting spiral movement. The raw coal of coal-fired power plant sends into material heating hydroextractor, does not establish the evaporation steam escape interval at the front end, only carries out the heating of material, does not carry out the evaporation dehydration, only spiral shell screwing in removes the heating promptly, sets up the evaporation steam escape interval at its back end, heats the dehydration with the evaporation of water to the material, and the back end heats the evaporation of water promptly and dewaters.

By the process and the device, the coal can be quickly dehydrated without blockage at low cost.