阅读说明：本技术 一种危岩体倾斜方向实时自动化测量装置及其测量方法 (Dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device and measuring method thereof ) 是由 谭淋耘 于 2021-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种危岩体倾斜方向实时自动化测量装置及其测量方法,包括通过外部支撑杆固定于危岩体上的装置外壳,装置外壳内部设置控制单元和安装轴,安装轴与安装托盘固定连接；安装托盘外缘开设环形安装槽,环形安装槽内容置第一电阻,第一电阻上开设开口；转动轴件与安装轴固定连接,转动轴件与支撑杆转动连接,支撑杆与安装托盘之间设置有用于减小摩擦力的滚动环,支撑杆上开设安装槽,安装槽内容置有连接导线,连接导线的一端与导电接头电连接；导电接头与第一电阻滑动连接；连接导线的另一端通过导线与电源中的第一电源电连接。本发明安装简便,结构简单,能够稳定的测量出危岩体的倾斜方向。(The invention relates to a dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device comprises a device shell which is fixed on a dangerous rock body through an external supporting rod, a control unit and an installation shaft are arranged in the device shell, and the installation shaft is fixedly connected with an installation tray; the outer edge of the mounting tray is provided with an annular mounting groove, a first resistor is accommodated in the annular mounting groove, and an opening is formed in the first resistor; the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the supporting rod, a rolling ring for reducing friction force is arranged between the supporting rod and the mounting tray, a mounting groove is formed in the supporting rod, a connecting lead is contained in the mounting groove, and one end of the connecting lead is electrically connected with the conductive connector; the conductive joint is connected with the first resistor in a sliding manner; the other end of the connecting wire is electrically connected with a first power supply in the power supplies through a wire. The device is simple and convenient to install, simple in structure and capable of stably measuring the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass.)

1. The device for real-time automatic measurement of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is characterized by comprising a device shell (1) fixed on the dangerous rock mass through an external support rod (2), wherein a control unit and a mounting shaft (4) are arranged in the device shell (1), and the mounting shaft (4) is fixedly connected with a mounting tray (5); an annular mounting groove is formed in the outer edge of the mounting tray (5), a first resistor (7) is accommodated in the annular mounting groove, and an opening is formed in the first resistor (7);

the rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft (4), the rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected with the supporting rod (12), a rolling ring (15) for reducing friction force is arranged between the supporting rod (12) and the mounting tray (5), the supporting rod (12) is provided with a mounting groove, a connecting lead (8) is arranged in the mounting groove, and one end of the connecting lead (8) is electrically connected with the conductive connector (14); the conductive joint (14) is connected with the first resistor (7) in a sliding manner; the other end of the connecting lead (8) is electrically connected with a first power supply in the power supplies (18) through a lead; and a first power supply in the power supply (18) is electrically connected with the first ammeter (16) and the end face of one end at the opening of the first resistor (7) in sequence through a lead.

2. The real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an insulating paint layer (17) is sprayed at one end of the opening of the first resistor (7) which is electrically connected with the lead.

3. The real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a second power supply in the power supply (18) is sequentially electrically connected with a second ammeter (21) and a second resistor (22) through leads, and the second resistor (22) is made of the same material as the first resistor (7).

4. The real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first protection resistor (19) is arranged on a lead between a first power supply in the power supplies (18) and the connecting lead (8), and a third power supply in the power supplies (18) is electrically connected with a third ammeter (23) and a second protection resistor (20) in sequence through leads; the first protection resistor (19) and the second protection resistor (20) are made of the same material.

5. The real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: circular guide rail (27) are arranged below the mounting tray (5), the circular guide rail (27) is fixed on the mounting shaft (4) through a connecting rod (26), a rolling spherical magnet (24) is arranged in the circular guide rail (27), an iron block (25) used for positioning the initial position of the spherical magnet (24) is arranged at the bottom of the circular guide rail (27), and the iron block (25) can slide along the bottom of the circular guide rail.

6. The real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the device is characterized in that a supporting seat (3) used for fixing a mounting shaft (4) is arranged at the bottom in a shell (2), a counterweight body (13) used for increasing the sliding force is arranged on the surface of the tail end of a supporting rod (12), and an iron sheet (28) matched with a spherical magnet (24) is arranged on the bottom surface of the tail end of the supporting rod (12).

7. The real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control unit comprises a control module (10), a communication module (11) and a power supply module (9) for supplying power to the control module (10) and the communication module (11).

8. The method for measuring the dangerous rock mass inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 5-7, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading I of a first ammeter (16);

then:

I＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L/S]；

when I is not equal to 0, calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360US/(IρL)；

wherein U is the voltage of a first one of the power supplies (18), ρ is the resistivity of the first resistor (7), L is the total length of the first resistor (7), and S is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7).

9. The measuring method of the real-time automatic dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5-7, wherein the dangerous rock body inclination direction is calculated, and the method comprises the following steps:

when the dangerous rock mass is inclined at X degrees, reading I of the first ammeter (16) is read₁Reading I of the second ammeter (21)₂；

Then:

I₁＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L₁/S₁]；

I₂＝U/(ρ·L₂/S₂)；

wherein L is₁Is the total length of the first resistor (7), S₁Is the cross-sectional area, L, of the first resistor (7)₂Is the length, S, of the second resistor (22)₂Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor (22); u is the voltage of a first power supply and a second power supply in the power supply (18), and rho is the resistivity of the first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22) when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees;

when I is₁When not equal to 0, according to the reading I of the first ammeter (16)₁Reading I of the second ammeter (21)₂Calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360[(S₁/S₂)(I₂/I₁)(L₂/L₁)]；

when the lengths and the cross-sectional areas of the first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22) are equal, namely: l is₁＝L₂，S₁＝S₂And calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360·(I₂/I₁)。

10. the method for measuring the dangerous rock body inclination direction in real time by using the automatic measuring device according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5-7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

when the dangerous rock mass is inclined at X degrees, reading I of the first ammeter (16) is read₁Reading I of the second ammeter (21)₂Reading I of the third current meter (23)₃And then:

I₁＝U/{[ρ₁·(X/360)·L₁/S₁]+ρ₂·L₂/S₂}；

I₂＝U/(ρ₁·L₃/S₃)；

I₃＝U/(ρ₂·L₄/S₄)；

wherein L is₁Is the total length of the first resistor (7), S₁Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7); l is₂Is the length of the first protection resistor (19), S₂Is the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor (19); l is₃Is the total length, S, of the second resistor (22)₃Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor (22); l is₄Is the length, S, of the second protective resistor (20)₄Is the cross-sectional area of the second protection resistor (20); u is the voltage of the first, second and third power supplies in the power supply (18), p₁Is the resistivity, p, of the first (7) and second (22) resistances₂Is the resistivity of the first protection resistor (19) and the second protection resistor (20);

when I is₁When not equal to 0, the dangerous rock body inclination direction is:

X＝360[(S₁/S₃)(I₂/I₁)(L₃/L₁)-(S₁/S₃)(S₄/S₂)(I₂/I₃)(L₃/L₁)(L₂/L₄)]；

when the total length and the cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22) are equal, and the length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor (19) and the second protection resistor (20) are equal, namely: l is₁＝L₃，S₁＝S₃，L₂＝L₄，S₂＝S₄And calculating to obtain:

X＝360·[(I₂/I₁)-(I₂/I₃)]。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of inclination direction measurement, in particular to a dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measurement device and a measurement method thereof.

Background

Dangerous rock mass means rock mass which has main geological conditions for collapse although the collapse of some rock mass does not occur, and the pre-occurrence phenomenon of the collapse of some rock mass occurs, so that the dangerous rock mass indicates the rock mass which is likely to collapse for a short time. Dangerous rock masses are potentially collapsing bodies. China is a country with a complex mountain landform shape, and dangerous rock collapse is a common geological disaster in mountain areas; dangerous rock body collapse has the characteristics of extremely strong burst property, large destructive power and the like, and seriously threatens normal production and life of residents in traffic important roads and mountainous areas; in China, a great amount of casualties and major economic losses are caused by dangerous rock body collapse every year.

In the process of preventing and treating dangerous rock masses, the time and the collapse direction of the unstable collapse of the dangerous rock masses cannot be accurately predicted basically. In the process of developing and destroying dangerous rock masses, the change of the interaction force between different rock blocks can cause the change of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock masses, so that the inclination direction of the dangerous rock masses is not constant, and the real-time and accurate judgment of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock masses is very difficult; the collapse direction of most dangerous rock masses is consistent with the inclination direction of the dangerous rock masses, so that the real-time measurement of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock masses can provide reference data for the development and change process and trend of the dangerous rock masses, can also accurately judge the possible collapse direction of the dangerous rock masses in real time, has important practical significance for timely making a disaster evacuation prevention plan and ensuring the life and property safety of people, and is lack of a real-time and automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of the dangerous rock masses at present.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device, which solves the problem of real-time, automatic and accurate measurement of the dangerous rock body inclination direction.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the scheme provides a dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device which comprises a device shell fixed on a dangerous rock body through an external supporting rod, wherein a control unit and an installation shaft are arranged in the device shell, and the installation shaft is fixedly connected with an installation tray; the outer edge of the mounting tray is provided with an annular mounting groove, a first resistor is accommodated in the annular mounting groove, and an opening is formed in the first resistor;

the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the supporting rod, a rolling ring for reducing friction force is arranged between the supporting rod and the mounting tray, a mounting groove is formed in the supporting rod, a connecting lead is contained in the mounting groove, and one end of the connecting lead is electrically connected with the conductive connector; the conductive joint is connected with the first resistor in a sliding manner; the other end of the connecting wire is electrically connected with a first power supply in the power supplies through a wire; a first power supply in the power supplies is electrically connected with the first ammeter and the end face of one end of the opening of the first resistor in sequence through a conducting wire.

The dangerous rock body inclination direction measuring device is simple and convenient to install and simple in structure, when the dangerous rock body inclines, the supporting rod deflects to the dangerous rock body inclination direction along with the inclination of the installation tray, the length of the connected resistor changes, the resistance changes, the current changes, and therefore the dangerous rock body inclination directions at different moments are measured.

Further, an insulating paint layer is sprayed on one end of the first resistor opening, which is electrically connected with the lead.

The insulating paint layer is sprayed to effectively prevent short circuit of the circuit and stably obtain measurement data.

Furthermore, a second power supply in the power supplies is electrically connected with a second ammeter and a second resistor in sequence through a lead, and the second resistor and the first resistor are made of the same material.

The second resistor and the first resistor are made of the same material and have the same resistivity at the same moment, and the second resistor and the first resistor are used for eliminating measurement errors caused by resistivity changes caused by environmental temperature changes.

Furthermore, a first protection resistor is arranged on a lead between a first power supply in the power supply and the connecting lead, and a third power supply in the power supply is electrically connected with a third ammeter and a second protection resistor in sequence through leads. The first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are made of the same material.

The first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are made of the same material, have the same resistivity at the same moment and are used for eliminating measurement errors caused by resistivity changes caused by environmental temperature changes.

Furthermore, a circular guide rail is arranged below the mounting tray and fixed on the mounting shaft through a connecting rod, a spherical magnet which can freely roll along with the deflection of the mounting tray is accommodated in the circular guide rail, an iron block used for positioning the initial position of the spherical magnet is arranged at the bottom of the circular guide rail, and the iron block can slide along the bottom of the circular guide rail.

The spherical magnet makes the device more sensitive to measurement.

Further, the bottom in the device shell is provided with a supporting seat for fixing the installation shaft, the surface of the tail end of the supporting rod is provided with a counterweight body for increasing the sliding force, and the bottom surface of the tail end of the supporting rod is provided with an iron sheet matched with the spherical magnet.

The supporting seat is used for fixing, supporting, connecting the installation axle, and the counter weight body is used for increasing the gliding force that the bracing piece deflected and adjust along with the installation tray, makes whole device ability more sensitive, responds to small dangerous rock mass incline direction change, and the iron sheet is used for cooperateing with spherical magnet and drives the more sensitive deflection of bracing piece.

Further, the control unit comprises a control module, a communication module and a power supply module for supplying power to the control module and the communication module.

The control module controls the power supply module and the communication module switch, can issue an adjustment instruction of data acquisition frequency and data transmission frequency, and is connected with the power supply module and the communication module switch according to the instruction, the data acquisition frequency and the data transmission frequency can be different, the control module can receive measurement data of the first ammeter, and the resistance is changed by accessing the length change of the first resistor, so that the change of the current of the first ammeter is caused, namely the current value at a certain moment corresponds to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass, and the inclination directions of the dangerous rock mass at different moments are measured; the control module is provided with a storage device, monitoring data can be stored, the power supply module is used for providing a power supply, the communication module is used for transmitting the inclination direction data obtained by the control module to a remote upper computer, and the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass can be measured automatically and stably in real time under the complex condition of temperature change.

On the other hand, the scheme also provides a measuring method of the dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device, which specifically comprises the following steps:

when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading a first ammeter reading I;

then:

I＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L/S]；

when I is not equal to 0, calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360US/(IρL)；

u is the voltage of a first power supply in the power supply, rho is the resistivity of the first resistor, L is the total length of the first resistor, and S is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor.

Further, when the inclined direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading I of the first ammeter is read₁Reading I of the second ammeter₂；

Then:

I₁＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L₁/S₁]；

I₂＝U/(ρ·L₂/S₂)；

wherein L is₁Is the total length of the first resistor, S₁Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor, L₂Is the length of the second resistor, S₂Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor; u is the voltage of a first power supply and a second power supply in the power supplies, and rho is the resistivity of the first resistor and the second resistor when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees;

when I is₁When not equal to 0, reading I according to the first ammeter₁Reading I of the second ammeter₂Calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as：

X＝360[(S₁/S₂)(I₂/I₁)(L₂/L₁)]；

When the lengths and the cross-sectional areas of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal, namely: l is₁＝L₂，S₁＝S₂And calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360·(I₂/I₁)。

further, when the inclined direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading I of the first ammeter is read₁Reading I of the second ammeter₂Reading I of the third ammeter₃And then:

I₁＝U/{[ρ₁·(X/360)·L₁/S₁]+ρ₂·L₂/S₂}；

I₂＝U/(ρ₁·L₃/S₃)；

I₃＝U/(ρ₂·L₄/S₄)；

wherein L is₁Is the total length of the first resistor, S₁Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor; l is₂Is the length of the first protection resistor, S₂Is the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor; l is₃Is the total length of the second resistor, S₃Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor; l is₄Is the length of the second protection resistor, S₄The cross-sectional area of the second protection resistor; u is the voltage of the first, second and third power supplies in the power supply, ρ₁Is the resistivity of the first and second resistances, p₂Is the resistivity of the first protection resistance and the second protection resistance.

When I is not equal to 0, the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is as follows:

X＝360[(S₁/S₃)(I₂/I₁)(L₃/L₁)-(S₁/S₃)(S₄/S₂)(I₂/I₃)(L₃/L₁)(L₂/L₄)]；

when the first resistor and the second resistorThe total length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are equal, and the length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are equal, namely: l is₁＝L₃，S₁＝S₃，L₂＝L₄，S₂＝S₄And calculating to obtain:

X＝360·[(I₂/I₁)-(I₂/I₃)]。

the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple structure and convenient installation, effectively prevents the short circuit caused by the circuit, and can accurately measure the change of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass in real time, automatically, safely and stably.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock mass.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mounting tray of a real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock mass.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit wiring method of a real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock mass.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit wiring method of a real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock mass.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit wiring method of a real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock mass.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock mass.

Wherein, 1, the device shell; 2. an outer support bar; 3. a supporting seat; 4. installing a shaft; 5. installing a tray; 6. a rotating shaft member; 7. a first resistor; 8. connecting a lead; 9. a power supply module; 10. a control module; 11. a communication module; 12. a support bar; 13. a counterweight body; 14. a conductive joint; 15. a rolling ring; 16. a first current meter; 17. an insulating paint layer; 18. a power source; 19. a first protection resistor; 20. a second protection resistor; 21. a second ammeter; 22. a second resistor; 23. a third ammeter; 24. a spherical magnet; 25. an iron block; 26. a connecting rod; 27. a circular guide rail; 28. iron sheets.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, and all the inventions utilizing the inventive concept are protected.

According to the first embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present solution provides a dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device, which includes:

the device comprises a device shell 1, wherein the inside of the device shell 1 comprises a mounting shaft 4, a mounting tray 5, a supporting seat 3 and a control unit.

Installation axle 4 and installation tray 5 fixed connection, supporting seat 3 is used for fixed connection installation axle 4. The surface of the mounting tray 5 is circular, conical or circular, and when the device is initially mounted, the mounting tray 5 is in a horizontal state or the rotating shaft of the mounting tray 5 is in a vertical state.

When the dangerous rock mass inclines, the mounting shaft 4 and the mounting tray 5 incline along with the inclination of the dangerous rock mass, and the supporting rod 12 is driven to rotate to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass.

The annular mounting groove has been seted up to 5 outer fringe of installation tray, and the annular mounting groove has held first resistance 7, and first resistance 7 is the loop configuration, has seted up the opening on first resistance 7, and the one end terminal surface of first resistance 7 opening part is connected with the wire electricity, and the one end spraying insulating paint layer 17 that first resistance 7 opening part and wire electricity are connected, and the opening both ends are close to seamless connection.

Insulating paint layer 17 length is 1mm ~ 10mm, the length of insulating paint layer 17 is carried out preferably according to manufacturing process level and test range, insulating paint layer 17 can not influence the smoothness nature on first resistance 7 surface, can not influence the slip of conductive joint 14 on first resistance 7 surface, insulating paint layer 17 can avoid 7 opening part short circuits of first resistance, it is close to seamless connection between 7 opening end faces of first resistance, make 7 opening part of first resistance and both sides form smooth surface, can make conductive joint 14 also can smooth slip at 7 opening part of first resistance, increase device measuring stability and accuracy, first resistance 7 can and mounting groove looks adaptation for the annular.

The insulating paint layer 17 is made of alkyd paint, epoxy paint or organic silicon paint.

In order to make the resistivity of the first resistor 7 approximately constant, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the device, on one hand, the first resistor 7 is made of a material insensitive to temperature change, and on the other hand, the device should be installed in an environment with little temperature change as much as possible.

The rotating shaft member 6 is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft 4, the rotating shaft member 6 is rotatably connected with the supporting rod 12, a rolling ring 15 is arranged between the supporting rod 12 and the mounting tray 5, and a counterweight body 13 is arranged on the surface of the tail end of the supporting rod 12.

When the device is initially installed, the center of the opening of the first resistor 7 and the support rod 12 are opposite to the positive north direction.

When the dangerous rock mass inclines, the installation tray 5 inclines along with the dangerous rock mass, the supporting rod 12 can be automatically adjusted to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass under the action of the gravity of the balance weight body 13, the rolling ring 15 mainly plays a role in reducing the friction force between the supporting rod 12 and the installation tray 5, and the balance weight body 13 mainly plays a role in increasing the downward sliding force of the supporting rod 12 adjusted along with the deflection of the installation tray 5, so that the whole device can be more sensitive, and the small inclination direction change of the dangerous rock mass is sensed.

The supporting rod 12 is provided with a connecting wire 8, the connecting wire 8 is connected with a conductive joint 14, the conductive joint 14 is connected with the first resistor 7 in a sliding mode, the other end of the connecting wire 8 is electrically connected with a power supply 18, and the power supply 18 is electrically connected with a first ammeter 16 and one end face of an insulating paint layer 17 sprayed at an opening of the first resistor 7 in sequence.

When the dangerous rock mass inclines, the mounting tray 5 inclines along with the dangerous rock mass, the supporting rod 12 deflects to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass under the action of the gravity of the counterweight body 13, the connecting wire 8 and the conductive connector 14 change the resistance size through the length change of the connected first resistor 7, and therefore the change of the reading size of the first ammeter 16 is caused, and the inclination directions of the dangerous rock mass at different moments are measured.

The control module 10 controls switches of the power supply module 9 and the communication module 11, can issue adjustment instructions of data acquisition frequency and data transmission frequency, and is connected with the switches of the power supply module 9 and the communication module 11 according to the instructions, the data acquisition frequency and the data transmission frequency can be different, the control module 10 can receive measurement data of the first ammeter 16, the size of the first ammeter 7 is changed by accessing the length change of the first ammeter 7, so that the change of the size of the current of the first ammeter 16 is caused, namely, the current value at a certain moment corresponds to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass, so that the inclination directions of the dangerous rock mass at different moments are measured, and the control module 10 is internally provided with a storage device which can store monitoring data; the power supply module 9 is used for providing a power supply, and the communication module 11 is used for transmitting the inclination direction data obtained by the control module 10 to a remote upper computer, can stably measure the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass in the environment with small temperature change, and can also measure the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass in real time, automatically, accurately and stably when the environment temperature changes when the first resistor 7 selects the material with the resistivity and the material with small temperature change.

The power supply module 9 may house a power source 18 inside.

The control module 10 can be an S7-200 SMART PLC control module, a 51 single chip microcomputer control module and the like.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

when the invention is installed, the installation shaft 4 or the installation tray 5 or the device shell 1 is rotated to align the opening direction of the first resistor 7 with the north (0 degrees or 360 degrees) direction, and the parking position of the support rod 12 is adjusted to be near the end part of the insulating paint layer 17 close to the opening of the first resistor 7, and the conductive joint 14 is disconnected from the first resistor 7.

When the dangerous rock mass inclines, the mounting tray 5 inclines along with the dangerous rock mass, the support rod 12 deflects to the inclined direction of the dangerous rock mass under the action of the gravity of the counterweight body 13, so that the length of the first resistor 7 connected with the conductive connector 14 is changed, and the inclined direction of the dangerous rock mass can be obtained according to the reading of the first ammeter 16.

The invention has simple installation and simple structure, the insulating paint layer 17 is arranged to effectively prevent short circuit, and when the dangerous rock mass inclines, the supporting rod 12 can deflect to the inclined direction of the dangerous rock mass, so that the length change of the first resistor 7 is caused to change the resistance, thereby causing the change of the current of the first current meter 16, and measuring the inclined direction of the dangerous rock mass at different moments.

According to the second embodiment of the present application, the present embodiment includes all the aspects of the first embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, a second power supply of the power supplies 18 is electrically connected to a second ammeter 21 and a second resistor 22 in this order through a wire.

The first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are made of the same material and have the same resistivity at the same time with the change of the ambient temperature.

The first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 have the same power supply voltage.

The working principle of this embodiment includes all working principles of the first embodiment, and the same parts thereof are not described again, and the following is different working principles based on the first embodiment, and specifically includes:

when the ambient temperature changes, the resistivity of the first resistor 7 changes, and the measurement result of the first embodiment generates a certain calculation and measurement error along with the resistivity of the first resistor 7, the second ammeter 21 and the second resistor 22 are additionally arranged in the second embodiment, and the resistivity of the second resistor 22 can be calculated in real time according to the reading of the second ammeter 21, because the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are made of the same material, that is, the resistivity of the first resistor 7 can be calculated in real time according to the reading of the second ammeter 21, so that the calculation and measurement error caused by the resistivity change of the first resistor 7 when the ambient temperature changes is effectively avoided.

The invention has simple and convenient installation and simple structure, can effectively avoid calculation and measurement errors caused by the resistivity change of the first resistor 7 when the environmental temperature changes, effectively prevent a circuit from causing short circuit, and can accurately measure the direction change of the dangerous rock body when the dangerous rock body inclines in real time, automatically, safely and stably.

According to the third embodiment of the present application, including all the technical solutions of the second embodiment, but not including the insulating paint layer 17 provided in the second embodiment, the solution specifically includes:

as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, a third power supply of the power supplies 18 is electrically connected to a third ammeter 23 and a second protection resistor 20 in this order through a lead, and a first protection resistor 19 is provided on a connection lead of the connection lead 8 electrically connected to the first power supply of the power supplies 18.

The first protection resistor 19 and the second protection resistor 20 are made of the same material and have the same resistivity at the same time with the change of the environmental temperature.

The second resistor 22 and the second protection resistor 20 are used for solving the resistivity of the first resistor 7 or the first protection resistor 19 at any moment in time under the condition of temperature change.

The second resistor 22 and the second protection resistor 20 are provided for the purpose of obtaining the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the resistivity of the first protection resistor 19 in real time when the ambient temperature changes. Therefore, measurement errors caused by resistivity changes of the first resistor 7 and the first protective resistor 19 due to environmental temperature changes are avoided, and the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is accurately measured.

The working principle of this embodiment includes all working principles of the second embodiment, and the same parts are not described again, and the following is different working principles based on the second embodiment, and specifically includes:

when the dangerous rock mass inclines, the supporting rod 12 deflects to the dangerous rock mass inclination direction, and the access length of the first resistor 7 is changed, so that the size of the first resistor 7 is changed, the current of the first current meter 16 is changed, the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the resistivity of the first protective resistor 19 can be obtained in real time when the environment temperature changes by arranging the second resistor 22 and the second protective resistor 20, and therefore the dangerous rock mass inclination directions at different moments can be accurately measured under the conditions that the environmental temperature changes and the resistivity of the resistors changes.

According to the fourth embodiment of the present application, the present embodiment includes all the schemes of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a circular guide 27 is fixed below the mounting tray 5 by being connected to a connecting rod 26, a spherical magnet 24 is housed in the circular guide 27, and an iron block 25 is provided at the bottom or side of the circular guide 27. The spherical magnet 24 can freely roll in the circular guide rail 27, and the iron block 25 can slide along the bottom or the side surface of the circular guide rail 27.

The working principle of this embodiment includes all working principles of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, and the same parts are not described again, and the following are different working principles based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, and specifically include:

when the device inclines, the spherical magnet 24 can move to the lowest position in the circular guide rail 27 and drive the external support rod 12 on the mounting tray 5 to deflect, the bottom surface of the tail end of the support rod 12 is provided with an iron sheet 28, the iron sheet 28 is used for matching with the spherical magnet 24 to drive the support rod 12 to deflect, and when the device is initially mounted, the mounting tray 5 is in a horizontal state and attracts the spherical magnet 24 to the north through the sliding iron block 25. The iron block 25 has a limited attraction to the spherical magnet 24, and when the device is inclined, the spherical magnet 24 rolls under the action of self gravity to drive the supporting rod 12 to deflect more sensitively, so that measurement with higher precision is realized.

The power supply 18 includes a first power supply, a second power supply, and a third power supply; the first power supply, the second power supply and the third power supply respectively comprise independent positive and negative electrodes.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the first power supply, the second power supply, and the third power supply are all sub-power supplies of the power supply 18, and the first power supply, the second power supply, and the third power supply are functionally independent and each include an independent positive electrode and an independent negative electrode.

According to the fifth embodiment of the application, the measuring method of the dangerous rock body inclination direction real-time automatic measuring device comprises the following steps:

when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading a first ammeter reading I;

then:

I＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L/S]；

when I is not equal to 0, calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360US/(IρL)；

where U is the voltage of the first one of the power supplies 18, ρ is the resistivity of the first resistor 7, L is the total length of the first resistor 7, and S is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7.

According to an embodiment six of the present application, it includes:

when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading I of the first ammeter 16 is read₁Reading I of the second ammeter 21₂；

Then:

I₁＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L₁/S₁]；

I₂＝U/(ρ·L₂/S₂)；

wherein L is₁Is the total length of the first resistor 7, S₁Is the cross-sectional area, L, of the first resistor 7₂Is the length, S, of the second resistor 22₂Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor 22; u is the voltage of a first power supply and a second power supply in the power supply 18, and rho is the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees;

when I is₁When not equal to 0, according to the reading I of the first ammeter 16₁Reading I of the second ammeter 21₂Calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360[(S₁/S₂)(I₂/I₁)(L₂/L₁)]；

when the lengths and the cross-sectional areas of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are equal, namely: l is₁＝L₂，S₁＝S₂And calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:

X＝360·(I₂/I₁)；

according to embodiment seven of the present application, it includes:

when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is X degrees, reading I of the first ammeter 16 at a certain moment₁Reading I of the second ammeter 21₂Reading I of the third ammeter 23₃And then:

I₁＝U/{[ρ₁·(X/360)·L₁/S₁]+ρ₂·L₂/S₂}；

I₂＝U/(ρ₁·L₃/S₃)；

I₃＝U/(ρ₂·L₄/S₄)；

wherein L is₁Is the total length of the first resistor 7, S₁Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7; l is₂Is the length of the first protection resistor 19, S₂The cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor 19; l is₃Is the total length, S, of the second resistor 22₃Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor 22; l is₄Is the length, S, of the second protective resistor 20₄The cross-sectional area of the second protection resistor 20; u is the voltage of the first, second and third power supplies of the power supply 18, ρ₁Is the resistivity, p, of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22₂Is the resistivity of the first protection resistor 19 and the second protection resistor 20.

When I is₁When not equal to 0, the dangerous rock body inclination direction is:

X＝360[(S₁/S₃)(I₂/I₁)(L₃/L₁)-(S₁/S₃)(S₄/S₂)(I₂/I₃)(L₃/L₁)(L₂/L₄)]；

when the total length and the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are equal, and the length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor 19 and the second protection resistor 20 are equal, that is: l is₁＝L₃，S₁＝S₃，L₂＝L₄，S₂＝S₄And calculating to obtain:

X＝360·[(I₂/I₁)-(I₂/I₃)]；

the invention has simple structure and convenient installation, can effectively avoid calculation and measurement errors caused by resistivity changes of the first resistor 7 and the first protective resistor 19 when the environmental temperature changes, effectively prevent a circuit from causing short circuit, greatly reduce errors caused by resistivity changes caused by the environmental temperature changes, and accurately measure the direction change of the dangerous rock body when the dangerous rock body inclines in real time, automatically, safely and stably.

While the embodiments of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.