阅读说明：本技术 一种将垃圾焚烧飞灰改性成复合胶凝材料的工艺方法 (Process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into composite cementing material ) 是由 王德昶 于 2019-11-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种将垃圾焚烧飞灰改性成复合胶凝材料的工艺方法,包括以下步骤：(1)、按批次分析垃圾焚烧飞灰的相关成分,然后在常温、常压下将垃圾焚烧飞灰直接与不同规格的固体改性剂进行混合均匀；(2)、将步骤(1)得到的混合料,在常温、常压下在混合机中加入不同规格的液体改性剂,并充分搅匀即得到复合胶凝材料。有益效果在于：该方法利用液体和固体两种改性剂分别对垃圾焚烧飞灰进行常温、常压混合搅拌处理,同时起到消除二噁英、稳定固化重金属浸出危害、对氯离子进行改性,从而起到降低腐蚀及增黏的效果,能够形成兼有树脂、水泥、石膏、菱镁制品特性的复合胶凝材料,方便使用,且整体工艺简单,便于广泛推广。(The invention discloses a process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into a composite cementing material, which comprises the following steps: (1) analyzing related components of the waste incineration fly ash according to batches, and then directly and uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash with solid modifiers with different specifications at normal temperature and normal pressure; (2) and (2) adding liquid modifiers with different specifications into the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a mixer at normal temperature and normal pressure, and fully stirring to obtain the composite cementing material. Has the advantages that: the method utilizes two modifiers, namely liquid and solid, to respectively carry out normal-temperature and normal-pressure mixing and stirring treatment on the waste incineration fly ash, and simultaneously plays roles in eliminating dioxin, stabilizing and curing leaching hazards of heavy metals and modifying chloride ions, thereby playing roles in reducing corrosion and increasing viscosity, being capable of forming a composite cementing material with the characteristics of resin, cement, gypsum and magnesite products, being convenient to use, having simple integral process and being convenient to widely popularize.)

1. A process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into a composite cementing material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) analyzing related components of the waste incineration fly ash according to batches, and then directly and uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash with solid modifiers with different specifications at normal temperature and normal pressure;

(2) adding liquid modifiers with different specifications into the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a mixer at normal temperature and normal pressure, and fully stirring to obtain a composite cementing material;

(3) the cementing material in the step (2) can directly replace cement, clay, gypsum, magnesite products and the like, and various products including light partition boards, baking-free solid bricks, hollow building blocks, sound insulation boards, heat insulation boards, fireproof boards, decorative boards, corrugated tiles, packaging materials, garden landscape products and the like are produced.

2. The process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into the composite cementing material according to the claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the solid modifier is mainly prepared by compounding calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, organic silicon, a water reducing agent, boron oxide, magnesia powder and the like.

3. The process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into the composite cementing material according to the claim 2, characterized in that: the solid modifier comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0-30% of calcium oxide, 10-60% of magnesium sulfate, 0-30% of magnesium chloride, 1-3% of water reducing agent, 0.5-10% of boron oxide, 1-3% of organosilicon additive and 0-10% of bitter soil powder.

4. The process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into the composite cementing material according to the claim 2, characterized in that: the calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and organic silicon in the solid modifier can also be prepared from carbide slag meeting the quality requirement, a byproduct sulfuric acid, a byproduct hydrochloric acid, an organic silicon byproduct, municipal sludge, polluted oil sludge, building garbage, tailings and the like.

5. The process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into the composite cementing material according to the claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the liquid modifier is mainly composed of a mixed solution containing polyvinyl alcohol, trisodium phosphate and a hydroxyl compound.

6. The process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into the composite cementing material according to the claim 5, characterized in that: in the step (2), the liquid modifier further comprises phenol and uric acid.

7. The process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into the composite cementing material according to the claim 6, characterized in that: the liquid modifier comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-8% of trisodium phosphate, 0.1-3% of phenol, 0.1-3% of urea and 0.1-3% of hydroxyl compound.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of hazardous waste building materials, in particular to a process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into a composite cementing material.

Background

The household garbage incineration fly ash is residue collected by a flue gas purification system of a garbage incineration power plant, the characteristic pollutants comprise heavy metal and dioxin, and the content of chloride ions of the characteristic pollutants is higher, so that the harm degree and the disposal difficulty of the hazards are further promoted, and the household garbage incineration fly ash is definitely specified in national hazardous waste records to be hazardous waste.

At present, the following methods are mainly used for disposing the waste incineration fly ash:

(1) after toxic and harmful substances are converted into substances with low solubility, low mobility and low toxicity through chemical reaction, the substances are directionally fed into a domestic garbage landfill for landfill treatment, but the action on dioxin is very low, and the generated solidified body can only be placed in a neutral or alkalescent environment, otherwise, heavy metals are dissolved out again to pollute the environment;

(2) the cement kiln is used as a cement additive by being treated in a coordinated way, but because chloride ions corrode kiln equipment and other facilities, the cement kiln equipment and the other facilities must be cleaned by using multiple times of water, and the cleaning water is difficult to separate from sticky fly ash on one hand, and the salt-containing wastewater is evaporated and crystallized for reuse, so that the process is relatively complicated;

(3) the waste incineration fly ash is used for making bricks/tiles, the bricks/tiles are made by curing and crushing the waste incineration fly ash and then mixing mortar for curing or making bricks with other substances after cement chelation, but the process needs the processes of secondary curing, crushing or high-temperature firing, and is complex.

The method has the defects of complex process, complex working procedures, harsh process conditions, incomplete removal of the toxicity of the fly ash, low fly ash digestion amount and the like in actual application, so that a process method which is simple in process and can recycle the fly ash is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into a composite cementing material.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into a composite cementitious material comprises the following steps:

(1) analyzing related components of the waste incineration fly ash according to batches, and then directly and uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash with solid modifiers with different specifications at normal temperature and normal pressure;

(2) adding liquid modifiers with different specifications into the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a mixer at normal temperature and normal pressure, and fully stirring to obtain a composite cementing material;

(3) the cementing material in the step (2) can directly replace cement, clay, gypsum, magnesite products and the like, and various products including light partition boards, baking-free solid bricks, hollow building blocks, sound insulation boards, heat insulation boards, fireproof boards, decorative boards, corrugated tiles, packaging materials, garden landscape products and the like are produced.

Further, in the step (1), the solid modifier is mainly prepared by compounding calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, organic silicon, a water reducing agent, boron oxide, magnesia powder and the like.

Further, the solid modifier comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0-30% of calcium oxide, 10-60% of magnesium sulfate, 0-30% of magnesium chloride, 1-3% of water reducing agent, 0.5-10% of boron oxide, 1-3% of organosilicon additive and 0-10% of bitter soil powder.

Furthermore, calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and organic silicon in the solid modifier can also be prepared from carbide slag meeting the quality requirement, by-product sulfuric acid, by-product hydrochloric acid, organic silicon by-products, municipal sludge, polluted oil sludge, building waste, tailings and the like.

In the step (2), the liquid modifier is mainly composed of a mixed solution containing polyvinyl alcohol, trisodium phosphate, and a hydroxyl compound.

Further, in the step (2), the components of the liquid modifier further include phenol and uric acid.

Further, the liquid modifier comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-8% of trisodium phosphate, 0.1-3% of phenol, 0.1-3% of urea and 0.1-3% of hydroxyl compound.

Has the advantages that: the method utilizes two modifiers, namely liquid and solid, to respectively carry out normal-temperature and normal-pressure mixing and stirring treatment on the waste incineration fly ash, and simultaneously plays roles in eliminating dioxin, stabilizing and curing leaching hazards of heavy metals and modifying chloride ions, thereby playing roles in reducing corrosion and increasing viscosity, being capable of forming a composite cementing material with the characteristics of resin, cement, gypsum and magnesite products, being convenient to use, having simple integral process and being convenient to widely popularize.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism of elimination of dioxin in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a table of the chemical compositions of fly ash and cement of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a table of radioactivity and flammability index measurements of the hollow lightweight partition panel of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a toxicity test chart of the hollow lightweight partition panel of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a table of the national quality standards testing of the hollow brick or baking-free brick of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a table showing the radioactivity and flammability index and toxicity test of the hollow brick or baking-free brick of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, a process method for modifying waste incineration fly ash into a composite cementing material comprises the following steps:

(1) analyzing related components of the waste incineration fly ash according to batches, and then directly and uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash with solid modifiers with different specifications at normal temperature and normal pressure;

(2) adding liquid modifiers with different specifications into the mixture obtained in the step (1) in a mixer at normal temperature and normal pressure, and fully stirring to obtain a composite cementing material;

(3) the cementing material in the step (2) can directly replace cement, clay, gypsum, magnesite products and the like, and various products including light partition boards, baking-free solid bricks, hollow building blocks, sound insulation boards, heat insulation boards, fireproof boards, decorative boards, corrugated tiles, packaging materials, garden landscape products and the like are produced.

In this embodiment, in the step (1), the solid modifier is mainly prepared by compounding calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, organosilicon, a water reducing agent, boron oxide, magnesia powder, and the like, and is used for modifying fly ash, so that the finally modified material has the characteristics of resin, cement, gypsum, and magnesite products together with the liquid modifier, and becomes an adhesive material to be recycled.

In this embodiment, the solid modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0-30% of calcium oxide, 10-60% of magnesium sulfate, 0-30% of magnesium chloride, 1-3% of water reducing agent, 0.5-10% of boron oxide, 1-3% of organosilicon additive and 0-10% of bitter soil powder.

In this embodiment, the calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, and organic silicon in the solid modifier can also be prepared from carbide slag and by-product sulfuric acid meeting the quality requirements, and by-product hydrochloric acid, organic silicon by-products, municipal sludge, contaminated oil sludge, construction waste, tailings, and the like, and can be utilized in the process of replacing certified raw materials, thereby further expanding the resource utilization range of wastes, and providing technical support for harmless and resource utilization of wastes.

In the present embodiment, in the step (2), the liquid modifier is mainly composed of a mixed solution containing polyvinyl alcohol, trisodium phosphate, and a hydroxyl compound, and has the functions of eliminating dioxin and stabilizing heavy metals.

In this embodiment, in the step (2), the liquid modifier further includes phenol and uric acid.

In this embodiment, the liquid modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-8% of trisodium phosphate, 0.1-3% of phenol, 0.1-3% of urea and 0.1-3% of hydroxyl compound.

Elimination of dioxins: the method utilizes NaPEG reagent to eliminate dioxin, and can eliminate more than 99 percent at normal temperature and normal pressure in a short time.

The liquid modifier is prepared by compounding 1-5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-8% of trisodium phosphate, 0.1-3% of phenol, 0.1-3% of urea, 0.1-3% of hydroxyl compound and the like, has the effect of rapidly eliminating dioxin and heavy metal and stabilizing and curing, and can be used as resin to enhance the toughness of building material products and used as a fourth adhesive.

Heavy metal stabilization: the decomposed phosphate can form heavy metal salt with extremely low solubility with heavy metal, such as: lead phosphate, copper phosphate, zinc phosphate, chromium phosphate and the like greatly reduce the water leaching amount, and the formed phosphate can form a bridging effect in lattices of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyl as well as magnesite products, gypsum products and cement products and is firmer and difficult to leach.

Stabilization of chloride ion: the chlorine ions are stabilized and utilized by introducing magnesium ions. The following structure is present in the final product: 5Mg (OH) ₂·MgCl ₂·5H ₂O，3Mg(OH) ₂·MgCl ₂·8H ₂O。

The normal temperature curing modifier mechanism is as follows: the two major hazard sources of the fly ash, namely dioxin and heavy metals, can be converted into the flexibilizer and the curing agent by the scheme to be reasonably utilized in building materials.

The method modifies chloride ions through the coordination of calcium oxide and magnesium sulfate, modifies two components of Ca/Cl into an adhesive which has three characteristics of cement, gypsum and a magnesite product at one stroke, and is formed by the following steps:

5CaO+5MgSO ₄+15H ₂O＝5CsSO ₄·(H ₂0) ₂+5Mg(OH) ₂

3CaO+3MgSO ₄+9H ₂O＝3CsSO ₄·(H ₂0) ₂+3Mg(OH) ₂

CaCl ₂+MgSO ₄+7H ₂O＝CsSO ₄·2H ₂0+MgCl ₂·(H ₂O) ₅

thereby effectively utilizing two important components in the fly ash. In addition, the process also has the effect of pulling heavy metals into crystal lattices to relieve leaching toxicity. The principle is as follows:

5Mg(OH) ₂·MbCl ₂·5H ₂O，3Mg(OH) ₂·MgCl ₂·8H ₂O

the composite cementing material with the characteristics of resin, cement, gypsum and magnesite products is finally formed by adding auxiliaries such as calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, organic silicon, a water reducing agent, boron oxide, magnesia powder and the like.

Organic silicon is introduced to improve the hydrophobicity of the product, and the leaching toxicity of heavy metal is further reduced while the water resistance of the product is improved.

Different building material products are formed and maintained according to different methods, adjustment is carried out according to different product characteristics, and the method is implemented according to corresponding product standards without compulsory regulations.

The hardness of the final material after curing is higher than that of gypsum and lower than that of cement, the density of the final material is higher than that of the cement, and the density and the strength of the final material are both lower than those of a magnesite product. The material can be used for replacing cement, clay, gypsum, magnesite products and other materials on various products including light partition boards, baking-free solid bricks, hollow building blocks, sound insulation boards, heat insulation boards, fireproof boards, decorative boards, corrugated tiles, packaging materials, garden landscape products and the like.