阅读说明：本技术 一种用于轨道减振的动力吸振器及其应用 (Dynamic vibration absorber for vibration reduction of track and application thereof ) 是由 胡琴 袁瑞杰 朱宏平 陈晗 沈易军 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于减振降噪领域,并具体公开了一种用于轨道减振的动力吸振器及其应用。该动力吸振器包括螺旋弹簧、质量块、底座板和阻尼器,其中：螺旋弹簧的上端与质量块连接,其下端与底座板连接,阻尼器设置在质量块和底座板之间,用于调节动力吸振器的谐振频率,工作时利用质量块与钢轨之间相对运动产生的惯性力对钢轨产生反作用控制力,从而使钢轨的振动反应衰减,以此达到减振降噪作用。本发明能够在钢轨承受动力作用而剧烈振动时,利用质量块与钢轨之间相对运动时产生的惯性力对钢轨发生反作用控制力,并通过阻尼器发挥耗能作用,通过弹簧-阻尼调谐作用,使得钢轨的振动反应明显衰减,以达到减振降噪作用。(The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise reduction, and particularly discloses a dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration reduction and application thereof. The dynamic vibration absorber comprises a spiral spring, a mass block, a base plate and a damper, wherein: the upper end of the spiral spring is connected with the mass block, the lower end of the spiral spring is connected with the base plate, the damper is arranged between the mass block and the base plate and used for adjusting the resonant frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber, and during operation, the inertial force generated by relative motion between the mass block and the steel rail is utilized to generate reaction control force on the steel rail, so that the vibration reaction of the steel rail is attenuated, and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are achieved. The invention can utilize the inertia force generated when the mass block and the steel rail move relatively to generate reaction control force on the steel rail when the steel rail bears the dynamic action and vibrates violently, and the damper plays a role of energy consumption, and the vibration reaction of the steel rail is obviously attenuated through the tuning action of the spring and the damping, so as to achieve the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction.)

1. Dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a rail, characterised in that the dynamic vibration absorber comprises a helical spring (4), a mass (3), a base plate (5) and a damper (10), wherein: the upper end of the spiral spring (4) is connected with the mass block (3), the lower end of the spiral spring is connected with the base plate (5), the damper (10) is arranged between the mass block (3) and the base plate (5) and used for adjusting the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber, and when the dynamic vibration absorber works, the inertia force generated by relative motion between the mass block (3) and the steel rail (1) is utilized to generate reaction control force on the steel rail (1), so that the vibration reaction of the steel rail (1) is attenuated, and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are achieved.

2. The dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration damping according to claim 1, characterized in that said damper (10) is a cantilever beam type damper comprising a fixed block (7) and a cantilever beam (9), said fixed block (7) being connected to said base plate (5), said cantilever beam (9) being connected at one end to said fixed block (7) and at the other end to said mass (3), the resonance frequency of said dynamic vibration absorber being adjusted during operation by changing the length of said cantilever beam (9).

3. The dynamic vibration absorber for orbital damping according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the mass ratio of the masses (3) is between 0.005 and 0.05.

4. Use of a dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a track according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a railway.

5. Use of a dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of rails in railways according to claim 4, characterized in that the base plate (5) of the dynamic vibration absorber is connected to the elastic body (2) and the damping body (6) attached to the rails (1).

6. Use of a dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of rails for railways according to claim 4, characterized in that the dynamic vibration absorber is arranged on one or both sides of the rail (1).

7. Use of the dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a track according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the dynamic vibration absorber is installed at a distance of 40cm to 120 cm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration reduction and application thereof.

Background

With the development of urbanization in China and the increase of the running density of rail transit, more and more lines pass through areas with dense population in cities, and the problems of vibration and noise pollution caused by the continuous improvement of the running speed of trains are increasingly prominent since the development of railway traffic. Meanwhile, the ballastless track is widely applied to newly built high-speed railways in China with the advantages of high smoothness, high stability, less maintenance and the like. However, because the ballastless track has high rigidity, the vibration absorption and noise reduction effects are poor, and huge vibration noise brought by the running of a high-speed train is difficult to attenuate, so that the riding comfort of passengers in the train is greatly reduced, certain noise pollution is caused to the environment along the line and the interior of a carriage, and even the planning and construction of a newly-built railway can be directly influenced.

The traditional vibration and noise reduction method is to place a rubber pad under a sleeper, but the method has poor vibration and noise reduction effect and has the problems of easy aging, short service life and inconvenient replacement of the rubber. The constrained damping noise reduction technology has poor adaptability to the rail environment, and the requirement on the laying position of the vibration reduction effect is high. With the continuous development of science and technology, the speed of high-speed rail is faster and faster, the vibration and noise generated by the high-speed rail are also larger and larger, and the rubber pad and the constraint damping can not meet the current vibration reduction requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic vibration absorber for vibration reduction of a track and an application thereof, wherein the dynamic vibration absorber is configured with a mass block connected to a coil spring and a damper disposed below the mass block, and is capable of consuming vibration energy through a spring-damping tuning effect, thereby achieving vibration and noise reduction effects, and is particularly suitable for track vibration reduction applications.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a rail, the dynamic vibration absorber including coil springs, a mass block, a base plate, and a damper, wherein: the upper end of the spiral spring is connected with the mass block, the lower end of the spiral spring is connected with the base plate, the damper is arranged between the mass block and the base plate and used for adjusting the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber, and when the dynamic vibration absorber works, the inertial force generated by relative motion between the mass block and the steel rail is utilized to generate reaction control force on the steel rail, so that the vibration reaction of the steel rail is attenuated, and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are achieved.

Preferably, the damper is a cantilever beam type damper, and includes a fixed block and a cantilever beam, the fixed block is connected to the base plate, one end of the cantilever beam is connected to the fixed block, and the other end of the cantilever beam is connected to the mass block, and the resonant frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber is adjusted by changing the length of the cantilever beam during operation.

More preferably, the mass ratio of the mass is 0.005 to 0.05.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a rail as described above in a railway.

Further preferably, the base plate of the dynamic vibration absorber is connected to an elastic body and a damper body attached to the rails.

Further preferably, the dynamic vibration absorber is provided on one side or both sides of the rail.

Further preferably, the installation distance of the dynamic vibration absorber is 40cm to 120 cm.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:

1. the dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration reduction provided by the invention can utilize the inertia force generated when the mass block and the steel rail relatively move to generate reaction control force on the steel rail when the steel rail bears the dynamic action and violently vibrates, and plays an energy consumption role through the damper, so that the vibration reaction of the steel rail is obviously attenuated through the spring-damping tuning action, thereby achieving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects, further reducing the energy transferred by the wheels and the track, preventing the generation of vibration and noise, further prolonging the service life of the wheels and the track, reducing the use cost of the track and reducing noise pollution;

2. particularly, the invention adopts the cantilever beam type damper, and the resonant frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber can be changed by adjusting the length of the cantilever beam, thereby meeting the vibration reduction requirements of different track structures and different load working conditions;

3. in addition, the mass ratio of the mass block is optimized, the vibration frequency and amplitude of the mass block can be adjusted, and the motion track of the mass block is controlled within a certain range;

4. meanwhile, the dynamic vibration absorber for vibration reduction of the track has the advantages of convenience in installation and replacement, strong operability and adjustability in the application process, does not need to consider the boundary problem, does not interfere with line communication, steel rail flaw detection and train running, and has the condition of large-scale popularization in high-speed railway lines;

5. the installation space of the dynamic vibration absorber is optimized in the application process, and the dynamic vibration absorber can be flexibly regulated and controlled according to the actual load working condition and the vibration reduction requirement.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic mounting diagram of the dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration reduction provided by the invention on the two sides of a track;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the dynamic vibration absorber for vibration reduction of a track provided by the invention installed on a single side of the track;

fig. 3 is a side view of the dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a rail provided by the present invention installed in the rail;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a rail constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the circled portion in fig. 4.

The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:

the damping device comprises a steel rail 1, an elastomer 2, a mass block 3, a coil spring 4, a base plate 5, a damping body 6, a fixed block 7, a screw 8, a cantilever beam 9 and a damper 10.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration reduction, the dynamic vibration absorber including a coil spring 4, a mass block 3, a base plate 5, and a damper 10, wherein: the upper end of the spiral spring 4 is connected with the mass block 3, the lower end of the spiral spring is connected with the base plate 5 and is positioned at four corners of the mass block 3 and the base plate 5, the damper 10 is arranged between the mass block 3 and the base plate 5 and is used for adjusting the resonance frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber, and during work, the inertia force generated by the relative motion between the mass block 3 and the steel rail 1 is utilized to generate reaction control force on the steel rail 1, so that the vibration reaction of the steel rail 1 is attenuated, and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are achieved.

Further, the damper 10 is a cantilever beam type damper, which comprises a fixed block 7 and a cantilever beam 9, wherein the fixed block 7 is connected with the base plate 5, one end of the cantilever beam 9 is connected with the fixed block 7, the other end of the cantilever beam is connected with the mass block 3 through a screw 8, the resonant frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber can be adjusted by changing the length of the cantilever beam 9, and the cross section of the cantilever beam 9 is circular or rectangular, so that the vibration in multiple directions can be controlled simultaneously, and the adjustable damper has the advantages of being adjustable and being capable of meeting the vibration reduction requirements of different track structures.

The stiffness of the dynamic vibration absorber for track vibration reduction is mainly borne by two parts, the supporting stiffness of the spiral spring 5 is fixed stiffness and is used for balancing the weight of the mass block 3, and the bending stiffness of the cantilever beam 9 is adjustable stiffness and is used for adjusting the resonance frequency of the damper 10.

Furthermore, the mass block 3 can be a concrete block, a lead-containing steel box or a steel ring surrounding the structure is provided with lead blocks, the size of the mass block 3 is determined by the mass ratio, the mass ratio of the mass block 3 is 0.005-0.05, and the mass block is used for adjusting the vibration frequency and amplitude of the mass block to enable the mass block to accord with the frequency of track vibration, so that the vibration damping effect is achieved, meanwhile, the motion track of the mass block 3 can be controlled within a certain range, and the phenomenon that the displacement is too large and the steel rail 1 is collided is avoided.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application of the dynamic vibration absorber for vibration damping of a rail to a railway, wherein an elastic body 2 is attached to a rail 1, a damping body 6 is attached to the elastic body 2, and a base plate 5 of the dynamic vibration absorber is connected to the damping body 6 to be fixed. The shape of the damping body 6 is fitted and filled according to different sections of the steel rail 1 so as to ensure that the base plate 5 of the dynamic vibration absorber is positioned on a whole plane. The elastic body 2 is made of polyurethane as a main material, one or more of rubber particles, rubber powder, wood chips, mineral materials and the like are selected as filling materials, the damping body 6 is made of a plastic high-polymer flexible material, and the elastic body 2 and the damping body 6 are both made of insulating materials.

The type of the steel rail selected by the embodiment is U71MN 60kg/m, and the structure and the arrangement method of the energy consumption device of the dynamic vibration absorber are also suitable for steel rails of other types. The dynamic vibration absorber can be arranged on one side or two sides of the steel rail 1, and enough space margin between the top surface of the steel rail 1 and the rail web is ensured. When the dynamic vibration absorber performs natural vibration energy consumption, the distance of the outermost edge of the mass block 3 which is lifted, lowered or moved inwards during the natural vibration does not exceed the distance from the mass block 3 to the top surface or the rail web of the steel rail 1, namely the mass block 3 does not touch the steel rail 1 during working.

Furthermore, the dynamic vibration absorbers are arranged along the running direction of the train of the steel rail 1, the number and the distance can be correspondingly adjusted according to the vibration reduction and energy consumption requirements, wherein the installation distance of the dynamic vibration absorbers is preferably 40 cm-120 cm, so that the dynamic vibration absorbers can be flexibly regulated and controlled according to the actual load working condition and the vibration reduction requirements, the problem that the vibration reduction effect is poor due to too large distance is avoided, and the problem that the vibration reduction precision is too low due to too small distance is also solved.

In summary, the technical principle of the above structure is that when the steel rail 1 is subjected to dynamic action and vibrates violently, the vibration continues to be transmitted after being primarily consumed by the elastic body 2 and the damping body 6, the mass block 3 in the dynamic vibration absorber moves along with the vibration, the mass block 3 and the steel rail 1 generate reaction control force on the steel rail 1 by using the inertia force generated when the mass block 3 and the steel rail 1 move relatively, and the damper 10 also plays a role in energy consumption, so that the vibration reaction of the steel rail 1 is obviously attenuated, and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects are achieved.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.