阅读说明：本技术 一种用于***物颗粒采样的双网络水凝胶及其制备方法 (Double-network hydrogel for sampling explosive particles and preparation method thereof ) 是由 祖佰祎 刘勇 窦新存 于 2019-11-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种用于爆炸物颗粒采集的双网络水凝胶及其制备方法,所述双网络水凝胶是由聚丙烯酸/聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠/聚乙烯醇聚丙烯酰胺/聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯/聚乙烯醇或聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)/聚乙烯醇制成,该双网络水凝胶具有良好的粘性、柔韧性及机械性能,可替代传统的采样材料,用于采集可疑人或可疑物表面残留的爆炸物颗粒,尤其是边角、细缝等颗粒易富集的特殊区域,具有采样效率高、采样区域广、操作方法简单、经济廉价、携带性强、绿色环保等优点,可为公安系统现场检测分析爆炸物提供有效的技术手段。此外,该双网络水凝胶可结合化学比色技术,负载特定的爆炸物检测试剂,从而实现集采样、检测于一体的功能。(The invention discloses a double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles and a preparation method thereof, the double-network hydrogel is prepared from polyacrylic acid/polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol polyacrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene/polyvinyl alcohol or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol, the double-network hydrogel has good viscosity, flexibility and mechanical property, can replace the traditional sampling material, the device is used for collecting explosive particles left on the surface of suspicious people or suspicious objects, particularly special areas such as corners and slits where the particles are easy to gather, has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, wide sampling area, simple operation method, economy, low price, strong portability, environmental protection and the like, and can provide an effective technical means for the on-site detection and analysis of the explosives by a public security system. In addition, the double-network hydrogel can be combined with a chemical colorimetric technology to load a specific explosive detection reagent, so that the functions of sampling and detection are integrated.)

1. A double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles is characterized in that the double-network hydrogel is prepared from polyacrylic acid/polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene/polyvinyl alcohol or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol;

the cross-linking agent added into the polyvinyl alcohol is borax, glutaraldehyde, glutaric anhydride or maleic anhydride, and the mass ratio of the cross-linking agent to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:40-1: 100;

the polyacrylic acid, the sodium polyacrylate, the polyacrylamide, the polyvinylpyrrolidone, the polystyrene or the poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) are polymerized by a monomer, an initiator, a cross-linking agent and a solvent deionized water;

wherein the monomer is 5-50% of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, acrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, styrene or N-isopropyl acrylamide by mass fraction; the cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, divinyl benzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate with the mass fraction of 0.02-0.06%; the initiator is potassium persulfate with the mass fraction of 0.2-0.8%.

2. The method for preparing the double-network hydrogel for collecting the explosive particles according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

a. adding a cross-linking agent of borax, glutaraldehyde, glutaric anhydride or maleic anhydride into polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:40-1:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain the polyvinyl alcohol containing the cross-linking agent;

b. mixing 5-50% of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, acrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, styrene or N-isopropyl acrylamide, 0.02-0.06% of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate serving as a cross-linking agent and 0.2-0.8% of potassium persulfate serving as an initiator, adding 4.3-7% of the polyvinyl alcohol containing the cross-linking agent obtained in the step a, mixing to obtain a mixed solution, injecting the mixed solution into a hydrogel template with the thickness of 2mm, putting the hydrogel template into a constant-temperature reactor with the temperature of 75 ℃, and polymerizing for 1 hour to obtain the double-network hydrogel;

c. and d, taking out the double-network hydrogel obtained in the step b from the constant temperature reactor, cooling to room temperature, putting into deionized water, soaking for 20 minutes, changing water, repeatedly soaking for 3 times, changing water to remove unreacted raw materials, cutting into pieces with the size of 3cm multiplied by 2cm, airing water on the surface of the hydrogel to obtain the double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles, and sealing and storing.

3. The double-network hydrogel for explosive particle collection according to claim 1, wherein the explosive particles are sulfur, nitrite, chlorate/perchlorate, nitrate, urea and its derivatives, ammonium salts, permanganate, TATP or DADP or HMTD nitrogen-free explosive non-standard explosives and raw materials thereof; dinitrotoluene, p-nitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene, picric acid, tai' an explosives, hexogen, trolene or octogen systems.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of explosive detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a double-network hydrogel for explosive particle collection and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, cotton fabrics, non-woven fabrics, polytetrafluoroethylene, coated glass fibers and the like with rough shapes and large specific surface areas are mainly adopted for explosive sampling, and when the explosive sampling is contacted with a suspicious sample, suspicious powder is sampled through weak interaction. The sampling mode is easily interfered by the environment, the flexibility of the sampling substrate is poor, and effective sampling can not be realized for special areas such as corners and slits where particles are easily enriched.

The double-network hydrogel for collecting the explosive particles is suitable for rapidly and effectively collecting the explosive particles on site, has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, wide sampling area, simple operation method, economy, low price, strong portability, environmental protection and the like, and can realize in-situ sampling detection by combining with a chemical colorimetric technology, thereby improving the detection sensitivity. The hydrogel has good viscosity due to abundant hydroxyl and carboxyl, so that the hydrogel can be adhered to the surfaces of various objects, and the collection efficiency of suspicious particles is improved; the borate bond and the double-network structure in the hydrogel provide excellent mechanical properties for the hydrogel, and the hydrogel is ensured to have good flexibility and mechanical properties in the sample collection process. The double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles can replace the traditional sampling material, and is suitable for collecting suspicious powder on the surfaces of objects such as luggage, bags, express packages, hair, skin, shoes and socks, metal, plastic, walls, floors, peels and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles and a preparation method thereof, the double-network hydrogel is prepared from polyacrylic acid/polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene/polyvinyl alcohol or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol, the double-network hydrogel has good viscosity, flexibility and mechanical property, can replace the traditional sampling material, the device is used for collecting explosive particles left on the surface of suspicious people or suspicious objects, particularly special areas such as corners and slits where the particles are easy to gather, has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, wide sampling area, simple operation method, economy, low price, strong portability, environmental protection and the like, and can provide an effective technical means for the on-site detection and analysis of the explosives by a public security system. In addition, the double-network hydrogel can be combined with a chemical colorimetric technology to load a specific explosive detection reagent, so that the functions of sampling and detection are integrated.

The invention relates to a double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles, which is characterized in that the double-network hydrogel is prepared from polyacrylic acid/polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene/polyvinyl alcohol or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol;

the cross-linking agent added into the polyvinyl alcohol is borax, glutaraldehyde, glutaric anhydride or maleic anhydride, and the mass ratio of the cross-linking agent to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1:40-1: 100;

the polyacrylic acid, the sodium polyacrylate, the polyacrylamide, the polyvinylpyrrolidone, the polystyrene or the poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) are polymerized by a monomer, an initiator, a cross-linking agent and a solvent deionized water;

wherein the monomer is 5-50% of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, acrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, styrene or N-isopropyl acrylamide by mass fraction; the cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, divinyl benzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate with the mass fraction of 0.02-0.06%; the initiator is potassium persulfate with the mass fraction of 0.2-0.8%.

The preparation method of the double-network hydrogel for collecting the explosive particles comprises the following steps:

a. adding a cross-linking agent of borax, glutaraldehyde, glutaric anhydride or maleic anhydride into polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:40-1:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain the polyvinyl alcohol containing the cross-linking agent;

b. mixing 5-50% of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, acrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, styrene or N-isopropyl acrylamide, 0.02-0.06% of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate serving as a cross-linking agent and 0.2-0.8% of potassium persulfate serving as an initiator, adding 4.3-7% of the polyvinyl alcohol containing the cross-linking agent obtained in the step a, mixing to obtain a mixed solution, injecting the mixed solution into a hydrogel template with the thickness of 2mm, putting the hydrogel template into a constant-temperature reactor with the temperature of 75 ℃, and polymerizing for 1 hour to obtain the double-network hydrogel;

c. and d, taking out the double-network hydrogel obtained in the step b from the constant temperature reactor, cooling to room temperature, putting into deionized water, soaking for 20 minutes, changing water, repeatedly soaking for 3 times, changing water to remove unreacted raw materials, cutting into pieces with the size of 3cm multiplied by 2cm, airing water on the surface of the hydrogel to obtain the double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles, and sealing and storing.

The explosive particles are sulfur, nitrite, chlorate/perchlorate, nitrate, urea and derivatives thereof, ammonium salt, permanganate, TATP or DADP or HMTD nitrogen-free explosive nonstandard explosives and raw materials thereof; dinitrotoluene, p-nitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene, picric acid, tai' an explosives, hexogen, trolene or octogen systems.

The double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles can collect dust, pollen, chalk dust, cement or metal oxide, pollen, ink, toxic metal, pesticide or chemical warfare agent, drugs and the like besides explosive powder.

When the double-network hydrogel for collecting explosive particles is used, the sealed bag provided with the double-network hydrogel sampling substrate is opened, the double-network hydrogel is used for wiping the surface of a suspicious person or suspicious objects, and the explosive particles remained on the surface of the suspicious person or suspicious objects are sampled in an adhering mode.

Compared with the existing explosive collecting substrate, the double-network hydrogel substrate for collecting explosive particles has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, wide sampling area, simple operation method, economy, low price, strong portability, environmental protection and the like, and can provide an effective technical means for detecting and analyzing explosives on site in a public security system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph of potassium permanganate particle collection according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the good mechanical properties of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows: