阅读说明：本技术 一种小球藻油脂的提取方法 (Extraction method of chlorella oil ) 是由 唐旭 董云龙 吴鹏 林凌 刘源森 徐长安 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种小球藻油脂的提取方法,该方法包括：将小球藻干粉与石英砂按照体积比为5:1混匀,获得混合物；在超临界二氧化碳萃取釜中依次叠加一层滤片、一层石英棉、0.9～1.1cm厚度的石英砂、所述混合物、0.9～1.1cm厚度的石英砂、一层石英棉以及一层滤片,旋紧超临界二氧化碳萃取釜,静态萃取1.5～2.5h；萃取过程中,采用分段取样的方式进行取样,每萃取30～45min后,打开取样阀取样5min,重复三次,获得小球藻油脂。该方法全程不使用任何有机试剂,提取溶剂仅为超临界CO<Sub>2</Sub>,不会对提取后的藻油造成污染,且取样时溶剂自然变为气态挥发,不必进行溶剂分离步骤,操作简洁、减少能耗,绿色环保。(The invention relates to a method for extracting chlorella oil, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the chlorella dry powder and quartz sand according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixture; sequentially superposing a layer of filter disc, a layer of quartz cotton, quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, the mixture, the quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, a layer of quartz cotton and a layer of filter disc in a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, screwing the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, and carrying out static extraction for 1.5-2.5 hours; sampling is carried out in a sectional sampling mode in the extraction process, after 30-45 min of extraction, a sampling valve is opened for sampling for 5min, and the sampling is repeated for three times to obtain the chlorella oil. The method does not use any organic reagent in the whole process, and the extraction solvent is only supercritical CO 2 The algae oil after extraction cannot be polluted, the solvent naturally becomes gaseous state to volatilize during sampling, the solvent separation step is not needed, the operation is simple, the energy consumption is reduced, and the method is green and environment-friendly.)

1. A method for extracting chlorella oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing the chlorella dry powder and quartz sand according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixture;

(2) sequentially superposing a layer of filter disc, a layer of quartz cotton, quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, the mixture, the quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, a layer of quartz cotton and a layer of filter disc in a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, screwing the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, and carrying out static extraction for 1.5-2.5 hours; sampling is carried out in a sectional sampling mode in the extraction process, after 30-45 min of extraction, a sampling valve is opened for sampling for 5min, and the sampling is repeated for three times to obtain the chlorella oil.

2. The method for extracting chlorella oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), after the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction vessel is screwed, the extraction pressure is set to 150 to 200bar, and the extraction temperature is set to: the temperature of the extraction chamber is 40-50 ℃, the temperature of the extraction valve is 45-50 ℃, and the temperature of the extraction kettle is 36-40 ℃.

3. The method for extracting chlorella oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the extraction pressure is kept constant during sampling.

4. The method for extracting chlorella oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the thickness of the quartz sand is 1 cm.

5. The method for extracting chlorella oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the chlorella dry powder is obtained by crushing chlorella after wall breaking treatment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of natural product extraction, and particularly relates to an extraction method of chlorella oil.

Background

Chlorella sp, a kind of unicellular, common green algae, belongs to the family of Oomycetaceae, the class of Chlorophyceae, the phylum Chlorophyceae, and has been widely cultivated. The chlorella grown under good conditions has high application value, the protein content can reach 63.60%, and the chlorella also contains docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Chlorella has been used as a good food and animal feed additive for over 30 years in the United states and Japan. In recent years, China also pays more attention to the development and utilization of chlorella. Among them, the extraction of algal oil from algal cells has been a focus in the research field of producing high value-added fatty acids using microalgae.

For extracting algae oil from algae cells, the oil is usually obtained by adding an extraction liquid to extract, separating an organic phase and evaporating a solvent. However, the method has the disadvantages of complicated operation, more steps and higher extraction cost; and because the organic solvent is added in the extraction process, the organic solvent residue in the extracted oil and fat is considered, and the organic solvent residue has adverse effect on development of food and feed of chlorella oil and fat.

Therefore, the current methods for extracting chlorella oil still need to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for extracting chlorella oil. The method completes extraction and separation in one step, is simple and convenient to operate, reduces energy consumption, does not use any organic solvent in the extraction process, and is low in cost and environment-friendly.

Therefore, in one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a chlorella oil extraction method, which comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing the chlorella dry powder and quartz sand according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixture;

(2) sequentially superposing a layer of filter disc, a layer of quartz cotton, quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, the mixture, the quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, a layer of quartz cotton and a layer of filter disc in a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, screwing the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, and carrying out static extraction for 1.5-2.5 hours; sampling is carried out in a sectional sampling mode in the extraction process, after 30-45 min of extraction, a sampling valve is opened for sampling for 5min, and the sampling is repeated for three times to obtain the chlorella oil.

According to the extraction method of the chlorella oil, the filter disc, the quartz cotton, the quartz sand, the mixture of the chlorella dry powder and the quartz sand, and the composite layer structure of the quartz sand, the quartz cotton and the filter disc are arranged in the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, so that the extraction and separation are completed in one step in the process of extracting the chlorella oil, in addition, no other organic reagent is suitable for the extraction process, the extraction solvent is only supercritical carbon dioxide, the extracted chlorella oil cannot be polluted, in addition, the solvent is naturally changed into a gas state to volatilize during sampling, the operation is simple and convenient, the cost is low, and the method is green and environment-friendly.

In addition, the method for extracting chlorella oil provided by the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

according to the embodiment of the invention, in the step (2), after the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle is screwed, the extraction pressure is set to be 150-200 bar, the extraction temperature is set to be: the temperature of the extraction chamber is 40-50 ℃, the temperature of the extraction valve is 45-50 ℃, and the temperature of the extraction kettle is 36-40 ℃.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the extraction pressure is maintained constant during sampling.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the thickness of the silica sand is 1 cm.

According to the embodiment of the invention, in the step (1), the chlorella dry powder is prepared by crushing chlorella subjected to wall breaking treatment.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated by specific examples below. It is to be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention do not exclude the presence of other method steps before or after the combination step or that other method steps may be inserted between the explicitly mentioned steps; it should also be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the various method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order in which the method steps are arranged or the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantially changing the technical content.

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below. While exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

The test materials adopted by the invention are all common commercial products and can be purchased in the market.

The invention provides an extraction method of chlorella oil, which comprises the following steps:

(1) and uniformly mixing the chlorella dry powder and quartz sand according to the volume ratio of 5:1 to obtain a mixture, wherein the chlorella dry powder is prepared by crushing chlorella subjected to wall breaking treatment.

(2) Sequentially superposing a layer of filter disc, a layer of quartz cotton, quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, the mixture, quartz sand with the thickness of 0.9-1.1 cm, a layer of quartz cotton and a layer of filter disc in a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, screwing the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, setting the extraction pressure to be 150-200 bar, and the extraction temperature to be: the temperature of the extraction chamber is 40-50 ℃, the temperature of the extraction valve is 45-50 ℃, the temperature of the extraction kettle is 36-40 ℃, and then static extraction is carried out for 1.5-2.5 h; in the extraction process, sampling is carried out in a sectional sampling mode, after 30-45 min of extraction, a sampling valve is opened for sampling for 5min, the extraction pressure is kept unchanged or is properly increased in the sampling period, and the sampling is repeated for three times to obtain the chlorella oil.

According to the extraction method of the chlorella oil, the filter disc, the quartz cotton, the quartz sand, the mixture of the chlorella dry powder and the quartz sand, and the composite layer structure of the quartz sand, the quartz cotton and the filter disc are arranged in the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction kettle, so that the extraction and separation are completed in one step in the process of extracting the chlorella oil, in addition, no other organic reagent is suitable for the extraction process, the extraction solvent is only supercritical carbon dioxide, the extracted chlorella oil cannot be polluted, in addition, the solvent is naturally changed into a gas state to volatilize during sampling, the operation is simple and convenient, the cost is low, and the method is green and environment-friendly.

The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.