阅读说明：本技术 一种高碳铬铁合金的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-carbon ferrochrome ) 是由 王应青 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种高碳铬铁合金的制备方法,将铬矿粉、焦炭、硅石为原料进行混合,得到混合物料；将上述混合物料与粘结剂、造渣剂、氧化剂进行混合配料；入炉冶炼：将计量配料步骤中混合配制的冶炼物料加入电炉内,送电升温至1600～1700℃进行熔化冶炼作业；熔融扒渣：待物料全部熔化,停电倾炉扒出炉内积渣,炉渣碱度1.1～1.5；锭模浇注：将熔融扒渣后的铁水浇注于锭模中,冷凝后,即制得合格的高碳铬铁产品。该方法可简化生产工艺,降低生产成本,节约能源。(A preparation method of high-carbon ferrochrome comprises the steps of mixing chromium ore powder, coke and silica as raw materials to obtain a mixed material; mixing the mixed material with a binder, a slagging agent and an oxidant; smelting in a furnace: adding the smelting materials mixed and prepared in the metering and proportioning step into an electric furnace, and then, transmitting power and heating to 1600-1700 ℃ to carry out melting and smelting operation; melting and slagging-off: when the materials are completely melted, the furnace is turned over when power is cut, and the accumulated slag in the furnace is removed, wherein the alkalinity of the slag is 1.1-1.5; pouring in an ingot mold: and pouring the molten iron subjected to melting and slagging-off into an ingot mold, and condensing to obtain a qualified high-carbon ferrochrome product. The method can simplify production process, reduce production cost, and save energy.)

1. The preparation method of the high-carbon ferrochrome is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) mixing chromium ore powder, coke and silica as raw materials to obtain a mixed material; by mass, chromium ore powder Cr₂O₃30-40% of coke, 10-50 mm of particle size, 80-90% of coke fixed carbon, 10-20 mm of particle size, and SiO 2₂The content is not less than 97 percent, and the granularity is 10-30 mm; the chromium ore powder, coke and silica are proportioned according to the proportion of 60: 15: 4;

(2) mixing the mixed material with a binder, a slagging agent and an oxidant, wherein the weight percentage of the binder, the slagging agent and the oxidant is 4-10%, and the binder is as follows: a slag former: the proportion of the oxidant is 3: 5: 5, mixing glass water and bentonite according to a ratio of 3: 5;

(3) smelting in a furnace: adding the smelting materials mixed and prepared in the metering and proportioning step into an electric furnace, transmitting power and heating to 1600-1700 ℃ for melting and smelting operation,

(4) melting and slagging-off: when the materials are completely melted, the furnace is turned over when power is cut, and the accumulated slag in the furnace is removed, wherein the alkalinity of the slag is 1.1-1.5;

(5) pouring in an ingot mold: and pouring the molten iron subjected to melting and slagging-off into an ingot mold, and condensing to obtain a qualified high-carbon ferrochrome product.

2. The method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome according to claim 1, wherein the high-carbon ferrochrome produced in the step (5) comprises 50-60% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Si, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 5-12% of C, 0.1-0.3% of S, 0.01-0.03% of P, and the balance of Fe and other trace elements.

3. The method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chromite powder Cr in the step (1)₂O₃35% of content, 30mm of particle size, 85% of coke fixed carbon content, 15mm of particle size, silica SiO₂The content is not less than 97 percent, and the granularity is 20 mm.

4. The method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slagging agent in the step (2) is one of silicon micropowder, ferrochrome dust removal dust, magnesia powder or quartz sand powder; the oxidant is iron ore powder.

5. The method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the basicity of the slag in the step (4) is 1.2-1.3.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrochrome, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-carbon ferrochrome.

Background

The high-carbon ferrochrome is mainly used for producing stainless steel, wherein the chromium content of 200 series stainless steel is about 16%, the chromium content of 300 series stainless steel is about 25%, and the chromium content of 400 series stainless steel is about 14%. The 300 series stainless steel with the largest ferrochrome requirement is also the largest proportion product in the stainless steel production. The alloy is used as an alloying agent for ball steel, tool steel and high-speed steel with high carbon content, the hardenability of the steel is improved, and the wear resistance and hardness of the steel are improved; the additive is used as an additive of cast iron, improves the wear resistance and hardness of the cast iron, and simultaneously ensures that the cast iron has good heat resistance; the chromium-containing raw material is used for producing silicon-chromium alloy and medium, low and micro carbon ferrochrome by a slag-free method; the chromium-containing raw material is used for producing metal chromium by an electrolytic method; used as a raw material for smelting stainless steel by an oxygen blowing method.

In the industries of ferrous metallurgy, casting and the like, high-carbon ferrochrome is widely applied as an important raw material and an additive, and with the development of market economy, steel enterprises have increasingly strict requirements on the components of the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy; in the raw materials for producing special bearing steel, special requirements are placed on the contents of titanium and silicon in the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy, and high-carbon ferrochrome products with the silicon content of less than 0.3% and the titanium content of less than 0.03% are increasingly demanded.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy, which can simplify the production process, reduce the production cost and save energy.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing chromium ore powder, coke and silica as raw materials to obtain a mixed material; by mass, chromium ore powder Cr₂O₃30-40% of coke, 10-50 mm of particle size, 80-90% of coke fixed carbon, 10-20 mm of particle size, and SiO 2₂The content is not less than 97 percent, and the granularity is 10-30 mm; the chromium ore powder, coke and silica are proportioned according to the proportion of 60: 15: 4;

(2) mixing the mixed material with a binder, a slagging agent and an oxidant, wherein the weight percentage of the binder, the slagging agent and the oxidant is 4-10%, and the binder is as follows: a slag former: the proportion of the oxidant is 3: 5: 5, mixing glass water and bentonite according to a ratio of 3: 5;

(3) smelting in a furnace: adding the smelting materials mixed and prepared in the metering and proportioning step into an electric furnace, transmitting power and heating to 1600-1700 ℃ for melting and smelting operation,

(4) melting and slagging-off: when the materials are completely melted, the furnace is turned over when power is cut, and the accumulated slag in the furnace is removed, wherein the alkalinity of the slag is 1.1-1.5;

(5) pouring in an ingot mold: and pouring the molten iron subjected to melting and slagging-off into an ingot mold, and condensing to obtain a qualified high-carbon ferrochrome product.

Preferably, the high-carbon ferrochrome produced in the step (5) comprises 50-60% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Si, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 5-12% of C, 0.1-0.3% of S, 0.01-0.03% of P, and the balance of Fe and other trace elements.

Preferably, the chromium ore powder Cr in the step (1)₂O₃Content of 35% and particle size of30mm, coke fixed carbon content 85%, particle size 15mm, silica SiO₂The content is not less than 97 percent, and the granularity is 20 mm.

Preferably, the slagging agent in the step (2) is one of silicon micropowder, ferrochrome dust removal dust, magnesia powder or quartz sand powder; the oxidant is iron ore powder.

Preferably, the alkalinity of the slag in the step (4) is 1.2-1.3.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the high-carbon ferrochrome produced by the invention has simple production process and obviously lower production cost than the prior art;

(2) the invention adopts the submerged arc furnace for continuous smelting, the equipment does not need to be reformed, the equipment investment is avoided, the smelting process technology is reasonable, the industrialized submerged arc furnace is adopted for continuous smelting, the product state is good, and the components are stable;

(3) the high-carbon ferrochrome produced by the method is produced under the condition of carbon deficiency, the consumption of the same ton of iron coke is reduced by 10 percent, and the method has the characteristics of obvious energy conservation and emission reduction;

(4) the raw materials used by the ferrochrome produced by the invention can be directly smelted in the submerged arc furnace without pretreatment, thereby shortening the process flow, saving the energy and being beneficial to improving the recovery rate of the main elements.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.