阅读说明：本技术 可旋转角度和平移的α放射性样品测量托盘装置 (Alpha radioactive sample measuring tray device capable of rotating angle and translating ) 是由 石睿 庹先国 张松柏 王琦标 邓超 张贵宇 韩强 于 2019-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可旋转角度和平移的α放射性样品测量托盘装置,包括支架,所述支架的端部设置有能够沿着支架移动的角度测量板,角度测量板竖直设置；支架的中间位置设置有托盘,所述托盘与角度测量板相连,所述角度测量板上设置有用于测量托盘与水平面角度的角度刻度,支架上设置有用于测量托盘平移量的平移刻度。本发明使测量装置具备角度、轴距两个因素的测量条件,可提高α放射性测量的多样性,丰富和完善了α粒子能谱测量仪器。(The invention discloses an alpha radioactive sample measuring tray device capable of rotating and translating at an angle, which comprises a bracket, wherein an angle measuring plate capable of moving along the bracket is arranged at the end part of the bracket and is vertically arranged; the middle position of the support is provided with a tray, the tray is connected with an angle measurement plate, the angle measurement plate is provided with angle scales for measuring the angle between the tray and the horizontal plane, and the support is provided with translation scales for measuring the translation amount of the tray. The invention makes the measuring device have the measuring conditions of two factors of angle and wheelbase, can improve the diversity of alpha radioactivity measurement, and enriches and perfects the alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument.)

1. But alpha radioactivity sample measurement tray device of rotation angle and translation, its characterized in that: the angle measuring device comprises a support (1), wherein an angle measuring plate (3) capable of moving along the support (1) is arranged at the end part of the support (1), and the angle measuring plate (3) is vertically arranged; the middle position of support (1) is provided with rotatable tray (4), tray (4) link to each other with angle measurement board (3), be provided with the angle scale that is used for measuring tray (4) and horizontal plane angle on angle measurement board (3), be provided with the translation scale that is used for measuring tray (4) translation volume on support (1).

2. The rotatable angle and translational alpha radioactive sample measurement tray device according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the bracket (1) are respectively provided with an angle measuring plate (3), and two ends of the tray (4) are respectively connected with the two angle measuring plates (3).

3. The rotatable angle and translational alpha radioactive sample measurement tray device according to claim 1, wherein: the angle measuring device is characterized in that connecting shafts (5) are fixedly arranged at two ends of the tray (4), the connecting shafts (5) are fixedly connected with the angle measuring plate (3), and the joint of the connecting shafts (5) and the angle measuring plate (3) is located at the circle center corresponding to the angle scale.

4. The rotatable angle and translational alpha radioactive sample measurement tray device according to claim 2, wherein: a guide rail (2) is fixedly arranged between the support (1) and the angle measuring plate (3), a horizontal strip-shaped hole is formed in the guide rail (2), and the connecting shaft (5) is located in the strip-shaped hole and is in sliding fit with the strip-shaped hole.

5. The rotatable angle and translational alpha radioactive sample measurement tray device according to claim 1, wherein: the angle measuring plate (3) is semicircular.

6. The rotatable angle and translational alpha radioactive sample measurement tray device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the support (1) is provided with a horizontal measuring plate (6), and the translation scales are arranged on the measuring plate (6).

7. The rotatable angle and translational alpha radioactive sample measurement tray device according to claim 1, wherein: the tray (4) is a circular tray body.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of alpha radioactive sample measuring equipment, and particularly relates to an alpha radioactive sample measuring tray device capable of rotating and translating.

Background

The alpha particle ray measurement technology based on the semiconductor Si detector is an important radioactivity analysis means for measuring alpha nuclide in environmental, biological and nuclear technology related samples, and effective alpha particle ray measurement data can provide scientific reference for making implementation schemes, so that the technology for alpha particle measurement and analysis is rapidly developed in more than ten years. Alpha particle ray measurement is an important means for alpha nuclide analysis, but alpha particle rays have weak penetrating power and are absorbed by a medium before reaching a detector, so that the alpha particle measurement technology is difficult. Alpha measurements include total alpha radioactivity level measurements and alpha spectroscopy measurements. The former can only provide the number of the incident alpha particles, determine the total intensity of alpha radioactivity, cannot identify the alpha nuclide species, cannot determine the energy or the energy distribution of alpha particle rays, and has simpler measurement. The alpha particle energy spectrum measurement can classify alpha particles according to energy in detail and give the number of alpha particles with different energies. The currently used alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument is typically an alpha energy spectrometer produced by a certain company in the United states, wherein a measuring chamber mainly comprises an alpha sample tray, a vacuum cavity and a tray clamp position (used for controlling different detector-sample distances, wherein 10 grades of distances are selected between a detector and a measured sample, the distance difference between two adjacent grades is 4mm, the minimum distance is 8mm, and the maximum distance is 44 mm). However, to quantify the α -radioactivity, the efficiency of the detector must be calibrated, and the detection efficiency is known in detail to be influenced by various measurement conditions, wherein the angle between the α -plane source sample and the detector surface and the distance between the axis of the α -plane source sample and the axis of the detector surface (the distance between the central axis of the surface source sample and the central axis of the detector surface) are two important influencing factors, and the tray of the α -particle energy spectrum measuring instrument does not have the measurement conditions of the two factors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an alpha radioactive sample measuring tray device capable of rotating an angle and translating, wherein the sample tray and a left-right translation tray can be rotated, so that the measuring device has measuring conditions of two factors of an angle and a wheel base, and an alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument is enriched and perfected.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the alpha radioactive sample measuring tray device capable of rotating and translating at an angle comprises a support, wherein an angle measuring plate capable of moving along the support is arranged at the end part of the support and is vertically arranged; the middle position of the support is provided with a tray, the tray is connected with an angle measurement plate, the angle measurement plate is provided with angle scales for measuring the angle between the tray and the horizontal plane, and the support is provided with translation scales for measuring the translation amount of the tray.

Furthermore, two ends of the bracket are respectively provided with an angle measuring plate, and two ends of the tray are respectively connected with the two angle measuring plates.

Furthermore, connecting shafts are fixedly arranged at two ends of the tray and fixedly connected with the angle measuring plate, and the connecting position of the connecting shafts and the angle measuring plate is located in the circle center corresponding to the angle scales.

Furthermore, a guide rail is fixedly arranged between the support and the angle measuring plate, a horizontal strip-shaped hole is formed in the guide rail, and the connecting shaft is located in the strip-shaped hole and is in sliding fit with the strip-shaped hole.

Furthermore, connecting shafts are fixedly arranged at two ends of the tray, the connecting shafts are in running fit with the angle measuring plate, and the connecting positions of the connecting shafts and the angle measuring plate are located in the circle centers corresponding to the angle scales.

Further, the angle measuring plate is semicircular.

Furthermore, one end of the support is provided with a horizontal measuring plate, and the translation scales are arranged on the measuring plate.

Further, the tray is a circular tray body.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tray for placing the sample can rotate, so that the angle between the tray and the horizontal plane can be adjusted, and the angle between the tray and the horizontal plane can be measured by using the angle measuring plate; because the tray links to each other with the angle measurement board, and the angle measurement board can be along support rectilinear movement, drives the tray and removes when the angle measurement board removes to change the wheel base of tray to alpha energy spectrometer detector. Therefore, the invention makes the measuring device have the measuring conditions of two factors of angle and wheelbase, can improve the diversity of alpha radioactivity measurement, and enriches and perfects the alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a-a in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plot of detection efficiency versus wheelbase.

Fig. 5 is a graph of detection efficiency versus rotation angle.

Reference numerals: 1-a support; 2-a guide rail; 3-angle measuring plate; 4, a tray; 5, connecting the shaft; 6-measurement plate.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the alpha radioactive sample measuring tray device capable of rotating and translating according to the present invention comprises a support 1, an angle measuring plate 3 capable of moving along the support 1 is provided at an end of the support 1, and the angle measuring plate 3 is vertically provided; the middle position of support 1 is provided with rotatable tray 4, tray 4 links to each other with angle measurement board 3, be provided with the angle scale that is used for measuring tray 4 and horizontal plane angle on the angle measurement board 3, be provided with the translation scale that is used for measuring tray 4 translation volume on the support 1.

The whole bracket 1 is of a rectangular frame structure, and the inside of the bracket is hollow so as to be convenient for arranging the tray 4. The tray 4 is used for loading a sample to be measured and can be a conventional circular tray body. The angle measuring plate 3 is used for measuring the included angle between the tray 4 and the horizontal plane, can adopt a semicircular shape, is similar to the existing protractors, and is convenient to read. Of course, the shape can be other shapes, such as a rectangle, and the side surface is provided with angle scales distributed in a circumference way. The translation scale then is used for measuring the displacement of measuring tray 4 to calculate the wheel base of tray 4 to alpha spectrometer detector, because tray 4 links to each other with angle measurement board 3, the synchronous rectilinear movement of tray 4 and angle measurement board 3, tray 4 equals with angle measurement board 3's displacement, consequently, the translation scale can measure the displacement and regard as angle measurement board 3's displacement promptly.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the tested sample is placed in the tray 4, the included angle between the tray 4 and the horizontal plane can be adjusted by rotating the tray 4, and the included angle between the measuring tray 4 and the horizontal plane is measured by using the angle measuring plate 3; the tray 4 or the angle measurement plate 3 is moved, the axle distance from the tray 4 to the alpha energy spectrometer detector can be changed, the moving distance from the tray 4 or the angle measurement plate 3 is measured by utilizing the translation scales, and the axle distance from the tray 4 to the alpha energy spectrometer detector is calculated. Therefore, the invention makes the measuring device have the measuring conditions of two factors of angle and wheelbase, can improve the diversity of alpha radioactivity measurement, and enriches and perfects the alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument.

The invention aims to realize the rotation of the tray 4 and can synchronously translate along with the angle measuring plate 3, and has two modes, namely, the angle measuring plate 3 can only translate on the bracket 1 and cannot synchronously rotate along with the tray 4, at the moment, the tray 4 can be fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 5, and the connecting shaft 5 is in running fit with the angle measuring plate 3. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a dovetail-shaped or inverted-convex-shaped sliding groove may be disposed on the upper surface of the bracket 1, and the bottom of the angle measuring plate 3 is disposed on a sliding block communicating with the sliding groove, and the sliding block is in sliding fit with the sliding groove.

The other mode is as follows: the angle measurement board 3 and the tray 4 fixed connection not only can translate in step, can also rotate in step, specifically as shown in fig. 2, the fixed connecting axle 5 that is provided with in both ends of tray 4, connecting axle 5 and 1 sliding fit of support, and connecting axle 5 can rotate, connecting axle 5 and angle measurement board 3 fixed connection, and the junction of connecting axle 5 and angle measurement board 3 is located the centre of a circle department that the angle scale corresponds. Thus, when the tray 4 is translated, the angle measuring plate 3 and the tray 4 are translated synchronously, and when the tray 4 is rotated, the angle measuring plate 3 and the tray 4 are rotated synchronously. This kind of mode can read the turned angle of angle measurement board 3 more conveniently, and tray 4 is at the horizontal state initially, and after the rotation, the reading that the angle scale that is in horizontal position on the angle measurement board 3 corresponds is the turned angle of angle measurement board 3 promptly, and the turned angle of angle measurement board 3 is the angle of tray 4 and horizontal plane promptly. The connecting position of the connecting shaft 5 and the angle measuring plate 3 is located at the circle center corresponding to the angle scale, so that the rotation center of the tray 4 can be ensured to be located at the circle center corresponding to the angle scale, and the accuracy of angle measurement is improved.

In order to realize the sliding fit between the connecting shaft 5 and the support 1, a guide rail 2 is fixedly arranged between the support 1 and the angle measuring plate 3, the guide rail 2 is fixed on the support 1, a horizontal strip-shaped hole is formed in the guide rail 2, and the connecting shaft 5 is positioned in the strip-shaped hole and is in sliding fit with the strip-shaped hole, so that the connecting shaft 5 can be translated and rotated. In order to keep the tray 4, the angle measuring plate 3 and the connecting shaft 5 after rotation stable, elastic cushion layers can be arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the strip-shaped hole, the connecting shaft 5 is clamped by the elastic cushion layers, and after the tray 4 rotates to a target angle, the elastic force of the elastic cushion can position the connecting shaft 5 to prevent the connecting shaft 5 from rotating per se. Since the elastic pad has good elasticity, it does not cause too much resistance to the translation connecting shaft 5, and therefore does not affect the translation of the tray 4.

The angle measuring plate 3 can be arranged at one end of the bracket 1, as a preferred embodiment, the two ends of the bracket 1 are respectively provided with the angle measuring plate 3, and the two ends of the tray 4 are respectively connected with the two angle measuring plates 3. Two angle measurement boards 3 are for tray 4 symmetry setting, and all are provided with the angle scale on two angle measurement boards 3, all can measure the rotation angle of tray 4, and it is more convenient to use.

The translation scale can be directly arranged on the support 1, preferably, one end of the support 1 is provided with a horizontal measuring plate 6, and the translation scale is arranged on the measuring plate 6. The measuring plate 6 is horizontal, and the upper surface is in the horizontality, when making and assembling, can align the zero scale mark of the angle scale on the angle measuring plate 3 with the upper surface of the measuring plate 6, so as to regard the upper surface of the measuring plate 6 as the reference, so as to accurately read out the rotation angle of the measuring plate 6.

The invention enables the alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument to have measuring conditions of two factors of angle and wheelbase, can improve the diversity of alpha radioactivity measurement, enriches and perfects the alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument, and is explained by the following embodiments.

Testing of detection efficiency with change of wheelbase

When the distance between the probe sources is respectively set to be 2.4cm and 3.2cm, and the distance between the axes is respectively 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8cm, the spectrometer pair²⁴¹Am、²³⁸The detection efficiency of Pu standard area source is shown in fig. 4. Along with the increase of wheel base, the spectrometer detection efficiency reduces gradually, but when the wheel base is within 0.8mm, the influence to spectrometer detection efficiency is less.

Detection efficiency variation test with rotation angle

The experimental measurement has the probe source distance of 2.4cm, the axle distance of 0, 4 and 8mm, and the used radioactive source is²⁴¹Am、²³⁸Pu、²⁴¹Am-²³⁹Pu standard surface source, as can be seen from the overall law, the detection efficiency of the radioactive source is constantly changed along with the change of the placement angle under different wheelbases. Theoretically, the detection efficiency is maximized when the radiation source is parallel to the detector (90 °).

Fig. 5 shows that there is a certain rule in the influence of the radiation source placement angle on the spectrometer detection efficiency. When the radiation source placing angle is in a certain range, the influence of the radiation source placing angle on the detection efficiency is small in the range, and the range can be changed along with the increase of the axle distance.

And (4) conclusion: the invention enables the alpha particle energy spectrum measuring instrument to have measuring conditions of two factors of angle and wheelbase, can find the wheelbase and the rotating angle with higher detection efficiency through tests, and is beneficial to improving the measuring efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.