阅读说明：本技术 一种基于pvc材料的耐磨损电力管的制备工艺 (Preparation process of wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material ) 是由 阳志强 徐家壮 李忠明 李茂盛 梁丽 于 2019-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于PVC材料的耐磨损电力管的制备工艺,该PVC电力管由如下重量份原料制成：聚氯乙烯树脂20-25份、改性聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维7-10份、改性聚二甲基硅氧烷8-12份、润滑剂6.5-9份、阻燃剂8-10份、增塑剂4.5-7份；本发明在制备过程中制备了改性聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维和改性聚二甲基硅氧烷,改性聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维与原本的芳香族聚酰胺纤维不同,不会和进行光化学反应,从而保证自身耐磨损性,聚二甲基硅氧烷为聚硅氧烷的一种,由于在材料内部粘度较低导致易挥发,无法起到耐磨损作用,对聚二甲基硅氧烷进行改性,增加其在材料中的粘度,降低了在长时间使用过程中的挥发度,从而保证电力管耐磨损性。(The invention discloses a preparation process of a wear-resistant power tube based on a PVC material, wherein the PVC power tube is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 7-10 parts of modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, 8-12 parts of modified polydimethylsiloxane, 6.5-9 parts of lubricant, 8-10 parts of flame retardant and 4.5-7 parts of plasticizer; the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber and the modified polydimethylsiloxane are prepared in the preparation process, the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber is different from the original aromatic polyamide fiber and cannot perform photochemical reaction, so that the abrasion resistance of the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber is ensured, the polydimethylsiloxane is one of polysiloxane, is volatile due to low viscosity in the material and cannot play a role in abrasion resistance, the polydimethylsiloxane is modified, the viscosity of the polydimethylsiloxane in the material is increased, the volatility in the long-time use process is reduced, and the abrasion resistance of the power tube is ensured.)

1. A preparation process of a wear-resistant power tube based on a PVC material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the wear-resistant electric power tube is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 7-10 parts of modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, 8-12 parts of modified polydimethylsiloxane, 6.5-9 parts of lubricant, 8-10 parts of flame retardant and 4.5-7 parts of plasticizer;

the wear-resistant power tube is prepared by the following method:

step S1: adding polyvinyl chloride resin into a reaction kettle, melting for 1-2h at the temperature of 175-;

step S2: adding a lubricant and a plasticizer into the first mixture prepared in the step S1, and stirring for 3-3.5h under the conditions that the temperature is 180-185 ℃ and the rotating speed is 500r/min to prepare a second mixture;

step S3: adding the second mixture prepared in the step S2 into a conical double-screw extruder, extruding at the rotating speed of 30r/min to obtain a first sheet-shaped object, and making the first sheet-shaped object into a first tubular object through an extrusion die;

step S4: and (5) shaping the first tubular object prepared in the step (S3) through a spray vacuum shaping box to prepare a first shaped pipe, putting the first shaped pipe into a cutter lifting cutting machine for cutting, and cutting the first shaped pipe to a required size to prepare the wear-resistant power pipe based on the PVC material.

2. The process for preparing a wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material according to claim 1, wherein: the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthamide fiber is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of 5-bromosalicylic acid methyl ester, 13-15 parts of octanol, 13-14.5 parts of sodium methoxide, 8-10 parts of deionized water, 10-15 parts of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 8.5-10 parts of copper powder, 12-14 parts of phenylenediamine, 13-15 parts of terephthaloyl chloride, 8-10 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, 7.5-9 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 10-15 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution;

the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthamide fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) adding 5-bromosalicylic acid methyl ester, octanol and sodium methoxide into a distillation reaction kettle, reacting for 1-2h at the temperature of 180-190 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 1, stopping heating, standing until the temperature is reduced to 80-85 ℃, keeping constant temperature, adding deionized water to wash the intermediate 1, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry after washing, drying for 30-45min, adding into a filter to obtain an anhydrous intermediate 1, adding the anhydrous intermediate 1 into a distiller, and distilling for 1-1.5h at the temperature of 165-168 ℃ and the pressure of 2.2-2.5kPa to obtain an octyl salicylate derivative 2;

(2) adding the octyl salicylate derivative 2 prepared in the step (1) and copper powder into a reaction kettle, and reacting for 2-3h at the temperature of 180-185 ℃ to prepare an octyl salicylate derivative 3;

(3) adding the octyl salicylate derivative 3 prepared in the step (2), phenylenediamine, paraphthaloyl chloride and N-methyl pyrrolidone into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30-45min at the temperature of 45-50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1000r/min, adding triphenyl phosphite into the reaction kettle, reacting for 2-3h at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500r/min, filtering to obtain a poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide derivative 4, adding the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide derivative 4 into a concentrated sulfuric acid solution, and preparing the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process.

3. The process for preparing a wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material according to claim 1, wherein: the modified polydimethylsiloxane is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of dimethyldichlorosilane, 13-15 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 15-20 parts of 1, 4-dioxane, 8.5-10 parts of selenium dioxide, 7.5-8 parts of titanium tetrachloride, 10-13 parts of deionized water, 8-10 parts of acetic acid solution and 15-18 parts of hydrogen peroxide;

the modified polydimethylsiloxane is prepared by the following method:

(1) adding dimethyldichlorosilane and sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, and reacting for 35-50min at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a hydrolysis intermediate 5;

(2) adding the hydrolysis intermediate 5, 1, 4-dioxane and selenium dioxide prepared in the step (1) into a condensation reflux reaction kettle, stirring for 1-1.1h under the conditions that the temperature is 70-75 ℃ and the rotating speed is 800r/min, stopping stirring under the condition that the temperature is 160-180 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 6-8h, and cooling to obtain an intermediate product 6;

(3) adding the intermediate product 6 prepared in the step (2), titanium tetrachloride and deionized water into a reaction kettle, reacting for 2-2.5h at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1000r/min, standing for 30-45min, layering, and removing a water layer to obtain an intermediate product 7;

(4) and (3) adding the intermediate product 7 prepared in the step (3), an acetic acid solution and hydrogen peroxide into a reaction kettle, reacting for 4-5h at the temperature of 100-.

4. The process for preparing a wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material according to claim 1, wherein: the lubricant is one or a mixture of more of phenolic resin, melamine resin and polyamide.

5. The process for preparing a wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material according to claim 1, wherein: the flame retardant is one or a mixture of tetrabromo-p-xylene, tricresyl phosphate and magnesium hydroxide.

6. The process for preparing a wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material according to claim 1, wherein: the plasticizer is one or a mixture of dioctyl phthalate, di-sec-octyl phthalate and diisodecyl phthalate.

7. The process for preparing a wear-resistant power tube based on PVC material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid solution is 70%.

8. The process for preparing a PVC-based wear-resistant power tube as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2 mol/L.

9. The process for preparing a PVC-based wear-resistant power tube as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 6 mol/L.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) power tubes, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a wear-resistant power tube based on a PVC material.

Background

With the continuous progress of science and technology, electric power becomes an indispensable part of people gradually, a cable also becomes a unique mode for transmitting electric power, the cable is generally paved underground through a PVC electric power pipe in a wrapping mode to ensure the electric power transmission of each area, but the PVC wear-resistant electric power pipe is particularly important as the PVC electric power pipe is worn to different degrees in installation, use and construction;

the PVC wear-resistant power tube used in the current market has wear resistance of different degrees, but the wear-resistant effect is general, the wear-resistant strength is weak, the PVC wear-resistant power tube is illuminated in the cable laying process, part of wear-resistant substances are easy to perform photochemical reaction, the wear resistance of the PVC wear-resistant power tube is reduced, meanwhile, the service life of the power tube is generally more than 15 years, and a part of wear-resistant substances of the PVC wear-resistant power tube volatilize due to long-time use, so that the wear resistance of the PVC wear-resistant power tube is reduced, even the wear resistance is lost, and the cable cannot be well protected;

the Chinese invention patent CN102875932B discloses a preparation process of a PVC electric power tube, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin with the grain diameter of 0.1-0.2mm, 20-30 parts of calcium carbonate with the grain diameter of 300 meshes-700 meshes, 6-10 parts of impact modifier ACR6, 3-6 parts of composite lead salt stabilizer, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant oxidized polyethylene wax and 4-10 parts of nano-scale agent-free flame retardant; the PVC power tube has good heat resistance, but the abrasion resistance of the PVC power tube is general, after the PVC power tube is used for a long time, the components in the PVC power tube are volatile, so that the abrasion resistance of the PVC power tube is lost, the light stability is poor, and the PVC power tube is easy to damage and cannot protect a cable due to the fact that photochemical reaction is easy to occur after illumination.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation process of a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material-based wear-resistant power tube, which is improved aiming at the defects of the common PVC wear-resistant power tube in the current market.

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:

1. the PVC power pipe used in the current market has certain abrasion resistance, but the abrasion resistance is general, and the PVC power pipe is abraded in the installation and daily use processes, so that a cable in the power pipe cannot be effectively protected;

2. in the cable laying process, the PVC power pipe is inevitably subjected to a project with a long construction period, so that the PVC power pipe is exposed in an open environment for a long time, and most of the PVC power pipes are added with aromatic polyamide fibers for improving the self abrasion resistance, but the aromatic polyamide fibers have poor light stability, are easy to generate a photochemical reaction, change the self property and cause the abrasion resistance of the PVC power pipe to be reduced;

3. usually, the service life of the PVC power tube is longer, more than 15 years, so that the PVC power tube has the wear resistance with higher durability, polysiloxane can be added into the preparation process of the PVC power tube, the polysiloxane can slowly move to the surface of the PVC power tube, and a continuous film is formed on the surface of the PVC power tube, so that the wear resistance effect is achieved, the viscosity of the substance is lower and volatile, and after the film is formed, the substance cannot be well attached to the surface of the PVC power tube, so that the wear resistance of the PVC power tube used for a long time is greatly reduced.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation process of a wear-resistant power tube based on a PVC material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 7-10 parts of modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, 8-12 parts of modified polydimethylsiloxane, 6.5-9 parts of lubricant, 8-10 parts of flame retardant and 4.5-7 parts of plasticizer;

the wear-resistant power tube is prepared by the following method:

step S1: adding polyvinyl chloride resin into a reaction kettle, melting for 1-2h at the temperature of 175-;

step S2: adding a lubricant and a plasticizer into the first mixture prepared in the step S1, and stirring for 3-3.5h under the conditions that the temperature is 180-185 ℃ and the rotating speed is 500r/min to prepare a second mixture;

step S3: adding the second mixture prepared in the step S2 into a conical double-screw extruder, extruding at the rotating speed of 30r/min to obtain a first sheet-shaped object, and making the first sheet-shaped object into a first tubular object through an extrusion die;

step S4: and (5) shaping the first tubular object prepared in the step (S3) through a spray vacuum shaping box to prepare a first shaped pipe, putting the first shaped pipe into a cutter lifting cutting machine for cutting, and cutting the first shaped pipe to a required size to prepare the wear-resistant power pipe based on the PVC material.

Further, the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthamide fiber is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of 5-bromosalicylic acid methyl ester, 13-15 parts of octanol, 13-14.5 parts of sodium methoxide, 8-10 parts of deionized water, 10-15 parts of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 8.5-10 parts of copper powder, 12-14 parts of phenylenediamine, 13-15 parts of terephthaloyl chloride, 8-10 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, 7.5-9 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 10-15 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution;

the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthamide fiber is prepared by the following method:

(1) adding 5-bromosalicylic acid methyl ester, octanol and sodium methoxide into a distillation reaction kettle, reacting for 1-2h at the temperature of 180-190 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 1, stopping heating, standing until the temperature is reduced to 80-85 ℃, keeping constant temperature, adding deionized water to wash the intermediate 1, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry after washing, drying for 30-45min, adding into a filter to obtain an anhydrous intermediate 1, adding the anhydrous intermediate 1 into a distiller, and distilling for 1-1.5h at the temperature of 165-168 ℃ and the pressure of 2.2-2.5kPa to obtain an octyl salicylate derivative 2;

(2) adding the octyl salicylate derivative 2 prepared in the step (1) and copper powder into a reaction kettle, and reacting for 2-3h at the temperature of 180-185 ℃ to prepare an octyl salicylate derivative 3;

(3) adding the octyl salicylate derivative 3 prepared in the step (2), phenylenediamine, paraphthaloyl chloride and N-methyl pyrrolidone into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30-45min at the temperature of 45-50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1000r/min, adding triphenyl phosphite into the reaction kettle, reacting for 2-3h at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500r/min, filtering to obtain a poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide derivative 4, adding the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide derivative 4 into a concentrated sulfuric acid solution, and preparing the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process.

Further, the modified polydimethylsiloxane is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of dimethyldichlorosilane, 13-15 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 15-20 parts of 1, 4-dioxane, 8.5-10 parts of selenium dioxide, 7.5-8 parts of titanium tetrachloride, 10-13 parts of deionized water, 8-10 parts of acetic acid solution and 15-18 parts of hydrogen peroxide;

the modified polydimethylsiloxane is prepared by the following method:

(1) adding dimethyldichlorosilane and sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, and reacting for 35-50min at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a hydrolysis intermediate 5;

(2) adding the hydrolysis intermediate 5, 1, 4-dioxane and selenium dioxide prepared in the step (1) into a condensation reflux reaction kettle, stirring for 1-1.1h under the conditions that the temperature is 70-75 ℃ and the rotating speed is 800r/min, stopping stirring under the condition that the temperature is 160-180 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 6-8h, and cooling to obtain an intermediate product 6;

(3) adding the intermediate product 6 prepared in the step (2), titanium tetrachloride and deionized water into a reaction kettle, reacting for 2-2.5h at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1000r/min, standing for 30-45min, layering, and removing a water layer to obtain an intermediate product 7;

(4) and (3) adding the intermediate product 7 prepared in the step (3), an acetic acid solution and hydrogen peroxide into a reaction kettle, reacting for 4-5h at the temperature of 100-.

Further, the lubricant is one or a mixture of more of phenolic resin, melamine resin and polyamide.

Furthermore, the flame retardant is one or a mixture of tetrabromo-p-xylene, tricresyl phosphate and magnesium hydroxide.

Further, the plasticizer is one or a mixture of dioctyl phthalate, di-sec-octyl phthalate and diisodecyl phthalate.

Further, the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid solution is 70%.

Further, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2 mol/L.

Further, the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 6 mol/L.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention adds modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber in the preparation of a PVC material-based wear-resistant power tube, the traditional poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber is aromatic polyamide fiber which is the softest and scratch-free fiber and is suitable for being used as a wear-resistant additive, but the material has poor light stability, after illumination, the material generates photochemical reaction, and the self wear resistance is greatly reduced or even disappears, therefore, a certain amount of light stabilizer is added in the preparation process for modification, the light resistance of the aromatic polyamide fiber is improved, the commonly used light stabilizer is octyl salicylate, the ultraviolet absorption wavelength range of salicylic acid is smaller, so that the material has certain light stability but general effect, the modified poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber changes the preparation raw material of the octyl salicylate from methyl salicylate to 5-methyl bromosalicylate, when a compound similar to octyl salicylate is produced, bromine is added to a benzene ring of the compound, and then Ullmann reaction is carried out, so that octyl salicylate is changed into two benzene rings from an original benzene ring, the structure of the benzene ring is composed of three limit resonance formulas, each limit resonance formula has a conjugated double bond, the benzene rings also have conjugated double bonds, alternate pi bonds and pi bonds interact to generate large pi bonds, and the large pi bonds are easy to excite by electrons with closer distances among energy levels, so that the wavelength of an absorption peak is increased, the absorption strength is remarkably increased, the light stability of fibers is improved, and when an abrasion-resistant electric power tube based on a PVC material receives illumination, the aromatic polyamide fibers in the material do not carry out photochemical reaction, so that the abrasion resistance of the PVC electric power tube is ensured;

(2) the invention adds modified polydimethylsiloxane into the prepared PVC material-based wear-resistant power tube, wherein the polydimethylsiloxane is one of polysiloxane, the substance is added into the plastic, the auxiliary agent can slowly migrate to the surface of the plastic and form a layer of continuous film, so as to achieve the effect of increasing the wear resistance of the plastic, but the polysiloxane has low viscosity and is easy to volatilize, so that the film cannot be well attached to the surface of the plastic after being formed on the surface of the plastic, so that the wear resistance of the plastic cannot exist for a long time, the modified polydimethylsiloxane is hydrolyzed by dimethyldichlorosilane and then added with selenium dioxide, the selenium dioxide has good oxidation specificity to methyl, so that the methyl on the silicon is completely oxidized into aldehyde groups, the alkyl is further hydrolyzed to prepare compounds which are completely converted into aldehyde groups, and the aldehyde groups are oxidized into carboxyl groups again, the original properties of polysiloxane are not changed, meanwhile, the compound is provided with a large number of carboxyl groups, the relative molecular mass of the polymer is increased, the larger the relative molecular mass is, the larger the viscosity of the polymer is, the carboxyl groups are high-polarity groups, so that the attraction between the positive and negative electrodes of different molecules is increased, and the van der Waals force between the molecules is increased, so that the molecules cannot move randomly, the spontaneous volatility is reduced, and the abrasion-resistant substances in the PVC power tube can not volatilize after long-time use, thereby further improving the abrasion resistance of the PVC power tube.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.