阅读说明：本技术 一种珍珠贝用开壳溶液及其开壳方法和插核方法 (Shell opening solution for pearl oyster and shell opening method and nucleus inserting method thereof ) 是由 喻达辉 陈健 白丽蓉 翟子钦 李素萍 雷美璇 王一任 李嘉洁 曹叶 梁兰清 于 2019-11-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于珍珠养殖技术领域,具体公开了一种珍珠贝用开壳溶液及其开壳方法和插核方法。本发明的开壳溶液包括海水、淡水和氯化镁,该开壳溶液可使贝的双壳在短时间内迅速打开,且不会对贝体造成损伤；本发明还提供一种采用上述开壳溶液对珍珠贝进行浸泡的开壳方法,该开壳方法可根据需要开壳的贝的数量,大批量处理,开壳效率高且珍珠贝复苏后成活率高；此外,本发明还提供一种包括上述开壳方法的插核方法,该插核方法可以大大提高珍珠母贝的插核效率,且插核后的珍珠母贝存活率和留核率高。(The invention belongs to the technical field of pearl culture, and particularly discloses a shell opening solution for pearl shells, a shell opening method and a nucleus inserting method thereof. The shell opening solution comprises seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride, can quickly open the double shells of the shellfish in a short time, and cannot damage the shellfish body; the invention also provides a shell opening method for soaking the pearl shells by adopting the shell opening solution, the shell opening method can be used for processing in large batch according to the number of the shells needing shell opening, the shell opening efficiency is high, and the survival rate of the pearl shells after recovery is high; in addition, the invention also provides a nucleus inserting method comprising the shell opening method, the nucleus inserting method can greatly improve the nucleus inserting efficiency of the pearl shell, and the survival rate and the nucleus remaining rate of the pearl shell after nucleus insertion are high.)

1. The shell opening solution for pearl oyster is characterized by comprising the following raw material components: seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride.

2. The shell-opening solution for pearl oyster according to claim 1, wherein the content of magnesium chloride is 30-50g/L, and the volume ratio of seawater to fresh water is 1: 1.

3. The shell-opening solution for pearl oyster according to claim 1, wherein the purity of magnesium chloride is more than 98%, and the salinity of seawater is 32 ‰.

4. The shell-opening solution for pearl oyster according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shell-opening solution is prepared by the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 30-50 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.

5. A method for opening shells of pearl shells, characterized in that the pearl shells are soaked with the shell opening solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The method for opening shells of pearl shells according to claim 5, wherein the specific operations of the method for opening shells are as follows: firstly, mixing 20-30 pearl shells and the shell-opening solution: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.

7. A method for inserting nucleus of pearl shell, characterized in that the shell opening method of claim 5 or 6 is used to open the shell of pearl shell.

8. The nucleus inserting method of the pearl oyster according to claim 7, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 1.5-2.0 and the shell height of 5.5-6.5cm as a surgical shell, and cleaning the surgical shell before nucleus insertion;

(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shell with age of 1.0-1.5 and shell length of 5.0-5.5cm as small piece of shell; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;

(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shell to obtain particles with diameter of 5.8-6.2mm to obtain the pearl nucleus for use;

(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution are mixed according to the ratio of 20-30: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;

(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention belongs to the technical field of pearl culture, and particularly relates to a shell opening solution for pearl shells, a shell opening method and a nucleus inserting method thereof.

[ background of the invention ]

Pinctada fucata (Pinctada fucata) belongs to the phylum mollusca, the class of bivalvia, the order of Pinctada, the family of Pinctada, and the genus of Pinctada, is the pearl oyster with the widest culture area and the largest culture quantity in seawater pearl oysters, and is mainly distributed in coastal areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the like in China, the Pinctada fucata is an important shellfish for culturing seawater pearls, and the yield of the seawater pearls cultured by the Pinctada fucata occupies more than 95% of the total yield of the seawater pearls in China.

The 'nucleus insertion' is an important step for cultivating pearls, before the nucleus insertion, the double shells of the shells need to be opened, then the nucleus and the small pieces are sent into the shells, and the small pieces of cells sent into the shells secrete pearl sacs continuously on the nucleus to form the pearls. In addition, in vivo experiments and in vivo observations of Pinctada martensii, such as in vivo injection, gonad development observation, and tissue sampling, are usually performed after the shell of Pinctada martensii is opened.

At present, two methods are generally used for opening shells of shells. One method is to use a mouth gag to insert into the double shells of the body, then use external force to open the mouth gag to open the double shells of the shell, and finally plug the shell with a wooden plug quickly to keep the shell in an open state, such as the sea water pearl culture nucleus insertion and pearl culture nucleus insertion method of the Chinese invention patent application CN105309341A and the night fluorescent pearl shell culture method of the Chinese invention patent application CN 102246715A, the shell opening method is easy to hurt the shell, even to die the shell in serious cases and has low shell opening efficiency; the other method is 'shell discharging', namely, the shells are vertically and orderly arranged in a net frame to inhibit the opening of the double shells, then the net frame is put into seawater for soaking, then a net cage is opened to take out the shells, at the moment, the double shells of the shells are not limited by space to open, and finally a wooden plug is rapidly plugged into the shells opened by the double shells to keep the open state, for example, the method for culturing pearls with nucleated pearls in Chinese patent application CN 104920268A, but the shell opening method has the disadvantages of complex operation, time and labor waste and low efficiency.

Therefore, there is a need for an easy and efficient method for opening shells without damaging shells, so as to quickly and effectively open the double shells of pearl shells for nucleus insertion treatment or in vivo experiments and in vivo observation of pearl shells.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention aims to: aiming at the problems, the shell opening solution for the pearl oyster and the shell opening method and the nucleus inserting method thereof are provided. The shell opening solution can quickly open the double shells of the shellfish in a short time without damaging the shellfish body; the shell opening method can treat the shells in large batch according to the number of shells needing to be opened, the shell opening efficiency is high, and the survival rate of the pearl shells is high after recovery; in addition, the nucleus inserting method can greatly improve the nucleus inserting efficiency of the pearl shell, and the survival rate and the nucleus retaining rate of the pearl shell after nucleus insertion are high.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the shell opening solution for the pearl oyster comprises the following raw material components: seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride.

Further, the content of the magnesium chloride is 30-50g/L, and the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is 1: 1.

Furthermore, the purity of the magnesium chloride is more than 98%, and the salinity of the seawater is 32 per mill.

Further, the preparation method of the shell-opening solution comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the magnesium chloride and the seawater filtered by a sand filter tank according to the weight ratio of 30-50 g: mixing and dissolving the mixture in a proportion of 0.5L, then adding the fresh water with the same volume as the seawater, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the shell-opening solution.

The invention also provides a shell opening method of the pearl oyster, which is to soak the pearl oyster by using the shell opening solution.

Further, the shell opening method comprises the following specific operations: firstly, mixing 20-30 pearl shells and the shell-opening solution: mixing and soaking the pearl oyster shells in a proportion of 10L until the shells of the pearl oyster shells are opened; then quickly plugging the opening double shells of the pearl oyster with a wooden plug to keep the pearl oyster in an open state.

The invention also provides a nucleus inserting method of the pearl oyster, which is to perform nucleus inserting treatment after the pearl oyster is opened by utilizing the shell opening method.

Further, the nucleus inserting method of the pearl oyster specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a surgical shell: selecting a pearl shell with the age of 1.5-2.0 and the shell height of 5.5-6.5cm as a surgical shell, and cleaning the surgical shell before nucleus insertion;

(2) preparing a small piece: selecting shell with age of 1.0-1.5 and shell length of 5.0-5.5cm as small piece of shell; cutting small strips from the lower part of the small mussel labial flap to the ventral surface of the anus by taking a color line as a center according to the proportion of half of each of the inner side and the outer side of the color line, and then cutting the small strips into squares of 2.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm to obtain the small pieces for later use;

(3) preparing a pearl nucleus: grinding sea water shell to obtain particles with diameter of 5.8-6.2mm to obtain the pearl nucleus for use;

(4) opening the shell by the operation shell: the surgical shellfish and the open shell solution are mixed according to the ratio of 20-30: mixing and soaking the surgical shellfish in a proportion of 10L until the double shells of the surgical shellfish are opened, and then quickly plugging the surgical shellfish into the opened double shells by using a cork so as to keep the surgical shellfish in a mouth-opening state;

(5) inserting nucleus by operating shellfish: and sequentially placing the plant nucleus and the small piece near the end of the abdominal crest of the surgical shell, and removing the wooden plug inserted into the surgical shell.

In the present invention, the seawater is obtained from the pearl farm in iron hong Kong in North Guangxi, the fresh water is obtained from the ordinary tap water in the pearl farm in iron hong Kong in North Guangxi, and the magnesium chloride is purchased from Shigaku GmbH.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the shell opening solution mixes and modulates seawater, fresh water and magnesium chloride, so that double shells of the shell can be quickly opened in a short time, the shell soaked in the shell opening solution has no abnormal reaction, the survival rate of the recovered pearl shell can reach 100%, and the shell opening solution can be widely applied to nucleus insertion treatment and in vivo experiment and in vivo observation of the pearl shell. Wherein, the content of the magnesium chloride is controlled to be 40-50g/L, which can effectively relax the adductor muscle of the shellfish, make the shellfish in a proper anesthetic state and effectively improve the shell opening speed of the shellfish; the volume ratio of the seawater to the fresh water is controlled to be 1:1, so that the shell opening solution has proper salinity for growth of the pearl shells, the growth of the pearl shells is facilitated, the shell bodies cannot be damaged, and the survival rate of the soaked shell bodies is 100%.

In the invention, the shell opening operation can be finished only by soaking the shells into the shell opening solution, compared with the traditional shell discharging and opening method, the shell opening method does not need to arrange the shells into a net frame and then soak the shells in seawater, has simple operation and time and labor saving, and compared with the traditional shell opening method by adopting a mouth gag, the shell opening method does not damage the shells, can be treated in large batch, and has high survival rate of the shells after the shells are opened and good use safety. And, the inventor researches and discovers that the proportion of the shell and the shell-opening solution which are mixed and soaked is controlled to be 20-30: 10L, which is the optimal ratio of the shell and the shell opening solution, the shell opening efficiency of the pearl shell is highest, under the 10L of the shell opening solution, when the number of the shells is lower than 20, the shell opening solution is obviously not fully utilized, the batch processing efficiency is low, and when the number of the shells is higher than 30, the shells can be killed by oxygen deficiency.

The shell opening solution is applied to the shell opening before the nucleus insertion of the pearl shell, not only is harmless to the shell body of the pearl shell, but also can effectively improve the nucleus retaining rate of the pearl shell after the nucleus insertion.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples.