阅读说明：本技术 高速钢磨削料粉末加工提纯方法 (High-speed steel grinding material powder processing and purifying method ) 是由 王明东 张爽 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于高速钢磨削料粉末加工利用技术领域,具体涉及一种高速钢磨削料粉末加工提纯方法,包括以下步骤：步骤一：将高速钢磨削料粉末进行干燥除油；步骤二：对干燥后的粉末料通氢气还原；步骤三：对还原后的粉末料进行破碎；步骤四：对破碎后的粉末料进行气旋分级,分出杂质和高速钢粉末。本发明的方法能够从带有杂质的高速钢磨削粉末料中提纯出高纯度的高速钢粉末,进行再次的生产加工和利用,最大效率的节约了资源,同时减少了高速钢磨削料的污染。(The invention belongs to the technical field of high-speed steel grinding material powder processing and utilization, and particularly relates to a method for processing and purifying high-speed steel grinding material powder, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: drying and deoiling the high-speed steel grinding material powder; step two: introducing hydrogen to the dried powder material for reduction; step three: crushing the reduced powder material; step four: and carrying out cyclone classification on the crushed powder material to separate impurities and high-speed steel powder. The method can purify high-purity high-speed steel powder from the high-speed steel grinding powder material with impurities, and carry out secondary production processing and utilization, thereby saving resources with maximum efficiency and reducing the pollution of the high-speed steel grinding material.)

1. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: drying and deoiling the powder of the high-speed steel grinding material powder;

step two: introducing hydrogen to the dried powder for reduction;

step three: crushing the reduced powder;

step four: and carrying out cyclone classification on the crushed powder to separate impurities and high-speed steel powder.

2. The method for processing and purifying high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 1, wherein the drying and degreasing process in the step one is performed by drying and distilling the powder of the high-speed steel grinding material powder which contains 3% of oil and 7% of water after primary purification at 500 ℃ to 650 ℃ in a drying and degreasing furnace.

3. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the oil and water vapor discharged from the drying and oil-removing furnace are condensed into liquid by a condenser and then separated by an oil-water separation device.

4. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 2, wherein in the drying and oil removing process in the step one, the drying and oil removing furnace seals the two end ports of the drying and oil removing furnace through an ammonia air separation process to prevent air from being fed into a hearth; the air separation ammonia gas process is a liquid ammonia decomposition process, liquid ammonia decomposition is carried out at the temperature of 780-840 ℃ under the action of heating and a catalyst, nitrogen generated by liquid ammonia decomposition is sealed at ports at two ends of the dry oil removal furnace, nitrogen is continuously and continuously introduced into the ports at the two ends to form an air curtain, and the external pressure is larger than the internal pressure.

5. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 1, wherein the reduction process in the second step is a hydrogen reduction furnace for removing oxygen atoms and volatile low-melting-point substances in the powder.

6. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 5, wherein the reduction temperature of the hydrogen reduction furnace is 900 ℃ to 940 ℃.

7. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 5, wherein in the reduction process in the second step, hydrogen is introduced into a hydrogen reduction furnace for reduction, the hydrogen is a product of decomposition of liquid ammonia, liquid ammonia is decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen at 780 ℃ to 840 ℃ through a pipeline containing a nickel or cobalt catalyst, and the hydrogen obtained by decomposition is introduced into the hydrogen reduction furnace for reducing the powder and preventing the raw material from being oxidized; the hydrogen reduction furnace seals ports at two ends of the hydrogen reduction furnace through an ammonia gas separation process, so that air is prevented from feeding into a hearth, and the concentration of hydrogen after decomposition of liquid ammonia is adjusted; the ammonia gas separation process is a liquid ammonia decomposition process, liquid ammonia decomposition is carried out at 780-840 ℃ under the action of heating and a catalyst, nitrogen generated by liquid ammonia decomposition seals ports at two ends of a hydrogen reduction furnace, and nitrogen is continuously and continuously introduced into the ports at the two ends to form an air curtain, so that the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure; hydrogen generated by decomposing the liquid ammonia enters the hydrogen reduction furnace and the hydrogen concentration in the furnace is adjusted.

8. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 1, wherein the crushing process in the third step is implemented in two steps, wherein the first step is grinding the high-speed steel powder, which is partially agglomerated after high-temperature reduction, by a roller with teeth; and the second step is wind power crushing, wherein powder which is rolled by the roller and is smaller than 3mm-5mm is crushed by a crusher, the crusher consists of a coarse crushing device, a fine crushing device and a wind power conveying device, and the purpose of crushing is achieved in a high-speed impact mode.

9. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cyclone classification process in the fourth step is realized by an air separator, the air separator is a single-row or double-row impeller type classifier, and the air separator separates alumina, silica and other impurity particles with smaller specific gravity from the high-speed steel powder.

10. The method for processing and purifying the high-speed steel grinding material powder according to claim 9, wherein the cyclone classification process in the fourth step divides the high-speed steel powder into a first-grade material and a second-grade material, the first-grade material has a granularity of less than 100um, and the second-grade material has a granularity of more than or equal to 100 um; wherein the first-grade material is sieved by a vibrating screen of 200 meshes and then is used for hot isostatic pressing; and the secondary material is pressed into a briquette by cold isostatic pressing and then is subjected to steelmaking treatment.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-speed steel grinding material powder processing and utilization, and particularly relates to a method for processing and purifying high-speed steel grinding material powder.

Background

In the production operation of machine tool tools, a large amount of high-speed steel grinding materials can be generated, the main components are high-speed steel powder, engine oil, grinding wheel powder, other solid impurities and the like, the grinding wheel powder is a sticky mixture, and the grinding wheel powder belongs to dangerous waste materials. In order to recover useful metal materials, the usable high-speed steel grinding powder materials are purified by a purification device primarily through centrifugal separation, ultrasonic cleaning, screening, magnetic separation and other physical methods of a purification workshop for most of engine oil and solid impurities.

However, in order to obtain a high-purity high-speed steel grinding powder material, further deep processing is required, the rest 3% of oil and 7% of water are removed, oxygen and impurities in the high-speed steel grinding powder material are removed, and early preparation is made for the following hot isostatic pressing high-speed steel grinding powder.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-speed steel grinding material powder processing and purifying method, which is used for further purifying the primarily purified powder from a purification workshop to obtain high-purity tool steel powder material.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the high-speed steel grinding material powder processing and purifying method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: drying and deoiling the high-speed steel grinding material powder;

step two: introducing hydrogen to the dried powder material for reduction;

step three: crushing the reduced powder material;

step four: and carrying out cyclone classification on the crushed powder material to separate impurities and high-speed steel powder.

Further, in the drying and oil removing process in the step one, the powder of the high-speed steel grinding material powder which contains 3 percent of oil and 7 percent of water after primary purification is heated to 500-650 ℃ by a drying and oil removing furnace for drying and distillation.

Preferably, the drying and oil removing furnace and the reduction furnace are of an integrated structure and are SBF-100/100-16 of Hunan Top technology ltd.

Further, after the oil and the water vapor discharged by the drying and oil removing furnace are condensed into liquid by a condenser, the liquid is separated by oil-water separation equipment; the oil-water separation equipment is commercially available equipment, and the specific model is BHGY-7.0.

Further, in the drying and oil removing process in the step one, the drying and oil removing furnace seals ports at two ends of the drying and oil removing furnace through an ammonia air separation process to prevent air from being fed into the hearth; the air separation ammonia gas process is a liquid ammonia decomposition process, liquid ammonia decomposition is carried out at the temperature of 780-840 ℃ under the action of heating and a catalyst, nitrogen generated by liquid ammonia decomposition is sealed and dried at two end ports of the oil removal furnace, nitrogen is continuously and continuously introduced into the two end ports to form an air curtain, so that the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure, and the concentration of the air curtain is adjustable.

Further, in the reduction process in the second step, oxygen atoms and volatile low-melting-point substances in the powder material are removed by a hydrogen reduction furnace.

Preferably, the reduction temperature of the hydrogen reduction furnace is 900-940 ℃. In the process, the impurities which can be volatilized below 920 ℃ are removed. The hydrogen reduction furnace adopted is an SBF-100/100-16 type reduction furnace of Hunan Top technology Co.

Further, in the reduction process in the second step, introducing hydrogen into a hydrogen reduction furnace for reduction, wherein the hydrogen is a product of decomposition of liquid ammonia, decomposing liquid ammonia into nitrogen and hydrogen at 780-840 ℃ through a pipeline containing a nickel or cobalt catalyst, and introducing the hydrogen obtained by decomposition into the hydrogen reduction furnace for reducing powder and preventing raw materials from being oxidized; the hydrogen reduction furnace seals ports at two ends of the hydrogen reduction furnace through an ammonia gas separation process, so that air is prevented from feeding into a hearth, and the concentration of hydrogen after decomposition of liquid ammonia is adjusted; the air separation ammonia gas process is a liquid ammonia decomposition process, liquid ammonia decomposition is carried out at the temperature of 780-840 ℃ under the action of heating and a catalyst, nitrogen generated in the air separation ammonia gas liquid ammonia decomposition process seals ports at two ends of a hydrogen reduction furnace, and nitrogen is continuously introduced into the ports at two ends to form an air curtain, so that the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure; hydrogen generated in the liquid ammonia decomposition process of air-separated ammonia gas enters the hydrogen reduction furnace and the hydrogen concentration in the furnace is adjusted, and the hydrogen concentration can be controlled according to the display scale adjusting valve of an instrument.

Further, the crushing process in the third step is realized by two steps, wherein the first step is crushing the roller, and the high-speed steel powder material which is partially agglomerated after high-temperature reduction is crushed by the roller with teeth; and the second step is wind power crushing, wherein the powder material which is rolled by the roller and is smaller than 3mm-5mm is crushed by a crusher, the crusher consists of a coarse crushing device, a fine crushing device and a wind power conveying device, and the aim of crushing is achieved in a high-speed impact mode.

Further, the cyclone classification process in the fourth step is realized by an air separator, the air separator is a single-row or double-row impeller type classifier, and the air separator separates alumina, silica and other impurity particles with small specific gravity from high-speed steel powder.

Further, the cyclone classification process in the fourth step divides the high-speed steel powder into a first-grade material and a second-grade material, wherein the first-grade material is sieved by a vibrating screen with 1200mm and 200 meshes and then is used for hot isostatic pressing; and the secondary material is pressed into a briquette by cold isostatic pressing and then is subjected to steelmaking treatment.

Based on the technical scheme, the first-grade material and the second-grade material are separated by cyclone classification according to different specific gravities, the first-grade material with the granularity of less than 100um is used, and the second-grade material with the granularity of more than or equal to 100um is used; the oxide and impurities contained in the first-grade material are much smaller than those in the second-grade material, and the granularity is more uniform.

Further, the first-grade material obtained by cyclone classification is subjected to magnetic separation and then is sieved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can purify high-purity high-speed steel powder from the high-speed steel grinding powder material with impurities, and carry out secondary production processing and utilization, thereby saving resources with maximum efficiency and reducing the pollution of the high-speed steel grinding material.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of example 2.

Detailed Description

In order to make the process and function of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.