阅读说明：本技术 一种具有仿生复合结构的针织物的制备方法 (Preparation method of knitted fabric with bionic composite structure ) 是由 陈晴 范金土 郑嵘 万贤福 傅白璐 马丕波 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种具有仿生复合结构的针织物的制备方法,设计针织物的组织结构后,采用带有移圈功能的纬编圆机进行编织；针织物主体区域为单面结构,分散在主体区域中的多个局部区域为双面结构,单面结构的线圈密度、双面结构外层的线圈密度和双面结构内层的线圈密度依次递减；编织开始时,上针和下针同时编织形成双面结构,上针1隔1成圈,下针1隔1成圈,下针的集圈次数为0～3次；由编织双面结构切换至编织单面结构时,选择需要的上下针启动移圈动作,将下针上的线圈通过移圈动作转移到上针1隔1未成圈的针上形成单面结构；由编织单面结构切换至编织双面结构时,下针和上针打开针舌。本发明的方法制成的织物轻薄且单向导湿效果好。(The invention relates to a preparation method of knitted fabric with bionic composite structure, after the organization structure of the knitted fabric is designed, a circular weft knitting machine with loop transfer function is adopted for knitting; the knitted fabric is characterized in that a main body area of the knitted fabric is of a single-sided structure, a plurality of local areas dispersed in the main body area are of double-sided structures, and the stitch density of the single-sided structure, the stitch density of an outer layer of the double-sided structure and the stitch density of an inner layer of the double-sided structure are sequentially decreased; when the knitting starts, the upper needle and the lower needle are knitted simultaneously to form a double-sided structure, the upper needle 1 is looped at intervals of 1, the lower needle 1 is looped at intervals of 1, and the loop gathering frequency of the lower needle is 0-3 times; when the knitting double-sided structure is switched to the knitting single-sided structure, selecting the required upper and lower needles to start the transfer motion, and transferring the coil on the lower needle to the non-looped needle of the upper needle 1 at intervals of 1 through the transfer motion to form the single-sided structure; when the knitting single-side structure is switched to the knitting double-side structure, the lower needle and the upper needle open the latch. The fabric prepared by the method is light and thin and has good unidirectional moisture-conducting effect.)

1. A preparation method of knitted fabric with a bionic composite structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the texture structure of the knitted fabric is designed, a circular weft knitting machine with a loop transfer function is adopted for knitting to prepare the knitted fabric with a bionic composite structure;

the knitting structure of the knitted fabric is as follows: the coil density of the single-sided structure, the coil density of the outer layer of the double-sided structure and the coil density of the inner layer of the double-sided structure are sequentially decreased;

the upper needle of the circular weft knitting machine is a latch needle, and the lower needle is a transfer needle;

when the knitting starts, the upper needle and the lower needle are knitted simultaneously to form a double-sided structure, the upper needle 1 is looped at intervals of 1, the lower needle 1 is looped at intervals of 1, and the loop gathering frequency of the lower needle is 0-3 times; when the knitting double-sided structure is switched to the knitting single-sided structure, selecting the required upper and lower needles to start the transfer motion, and transferring the coil on the lower needle to the non-looped needle of the upper needle 1 at intervals of 1 through the transfer motion to form the single-sided structure; when the knitting single-side structure is switched to the knitting double-side structure, the lower needle opens the latch by the needle opener, and the upper needle opens the latch by the old coil.

2. The method for preparing the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the area of the main body region is 2.6-5.8 times of the sum of the areas of the local regions.

3. The method for preparing the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the percentage of the area of each local area to the sum of the areas of the local areas is 20-50%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein each local area is shaped to facilitate drawing water from the edge to the center.

5. The method for preparing a knitted fabric with a bionic composite structure according to claim 4, wherein each partial area is in a rhombus shape, a snowflake shape, a pentagram shape, an octagon shape, a quadrangle shape or a branch end bifurcation shape.

6. The method for preparing the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure according to claim 1, wherein after knitting is finished, hydrophilic and hydrophobic finishing is further performed on the knitted fabric, specifically, hydrophobic finishing is performed on an inner layer of a single-sided structure, secondary hydrophilic finishing is performed on an inner layer of a double-sided structure, hydrophilic finishing is performed on outer layers of the single-sided structure and the double-sided structure, and the secondary hydrophilic finishing is a finishing method that hydrophilic effect after finishing is inferior to that of the hydrophilic finishing and superior to that of the hydrophobic finishing.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and relates to a preparation method of a knitted fabric with a bionic composite structure.

Background

With the diversification of life styles, the wearing comfort requirements of people on clothes are higher and higher. In order to keep the body as comfortable as possible when wearing the garment in a sweating state, the garment is required to have moisture-wicking and quick-drying properties, i.e., to absorb sweat and quickly transfer the sweat from the inner layer close to the skin to the outer layer of the garment, so that the sweat is quickly evaporated on the surface of the garment. At present, the fabric with the moisture-conducting and quick-drying functions is mainly characterized in that the moisture-conducting and quick-drying performance is obtained by utilizing a differential effect, selecting a high moisture-conducting material and scientifically designing a fabric structure.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the traditional single-sided and double-sided moisture-conducting and quick-drying fabric in the prior art is single in structure and limited in function, and provides a preparation method of a knitted fabric with a bionic composite structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:

a preparation method of knitted fabric with bionic composite structure, after the organization structure of the knitted fabric is designed, a weft circular knitting machine with loop transfer function is adopted to knit and prepare the knitted fabric with bionic composite structure;

the knitting structure of the knitted fabric is as follows: the main body area is of a single-sided structure, a plurality of local areas dispersed in the main body area are of double-sided structures, and the coil density of the single-sided structure, the coil density of the outer layer of the double-sided structure and the coil density of the inner layer of the double-sided structure are sequentially decreased progressively (the gradient change of the coil density can increase the capillary force and is beneficial to the movement of liquid water in the fabric);

the upper needle of the circular weft knitting machine is a latch needle, and the lower needle is a transfer needle;

when the knitting starts, the upper needle and the lower needle are knitted simultaneously to form a double-sided structure, the upper needle 1 is looped at intervals of 1, the lower needle 1 is looped at intervals of 1, and the loop gathering frequency of the lower needle is 0-3 times; when the knitting double-sided structure is switched to the knitting single-sided structure, selecting the required upper and lower needles to start the transfer motion, and transferring the coil on the lower needle to the non-looped needle of the upper needle 1 at intervals of 1 through the transfer motion to form the single-sided structure; when the knitting single-side structure is switched to the knitting double-side structure, the lower needle opens the latch by the needle opener, and the upper needle opens the latch by the old coil.

The knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure is prepared on a double-sided weft circular knitting machine with a transfer function, dial needles and cylinder needles are knitted simultaneously in a local area, the dial needles and the cylinder needles are knitted simultaneously in a main area, and required upper and lower needles are selected for transfer; when the dial needles and the cylinder needles are knitted to form a double-sided structure and the next course needs to be knitted to form a single-sided structure, the loop transfer action needs to be started to move old loops on the cylinder needles to the dial needles, and the double-sided structure is changed into the single-sided structure; when the single-sided structure of the main body area is knitted, when the double-sided structure of the local area needs to be knitted in the next course, the cylinder needle opens the latch by the needle opener, the cylinder needle can be padded with the yarn, and the dial needle opens the latch by the old coil and also pads the yarn to knit the double-sided structure;

the invention controls the upper needle 1 to form a loop at 1 separation when the upper needle and the lower needle are simultaneously knitted to form a double-sided structure, the lower needle 1 to form a loop at 1 separation, the loop collecting frequency of the lower needle is 0-3 times, and when a single-sided structure is knitted, the required upper needle and the lower needle are selected to start the transfer action, the coil on the lower needle is transferred to the needle which is not knitted at 1 separation by the upper needle through the transfer action to form the single-sided structure, so as to prepare the knitted fabric with the coil density of the single-sided structure, the coil density of the outer layer of the double-sided structure and the coil density of the inner layer of the double-sided structure gradually reduced, because the loop is formed by the loop formation, the loop does not form the coil but forms a suspension radian, the upper needle is knitted and forms the outer layer of the fabric, the lower needle is knitted and forms the inner layer of the fabric, therefore, the coil density of the outer layer of the double-sided structure is greater than that of, the single-sided structure is formed by a full-needle, so that the stitch density of the single-sided structure is greater than that of the outer layer of the double-sided structure, as illustrated below:

as shown above, when knitting the double-sided structure, when knitting the first course, the upper needles 1 and 3 are selected to knit loops, and the lower needles 1 and 2 are selected to knit loops; when a second course is knitted, 1 and 3 knitting is selected for the upper needles, 1 and 2 knitting tuck is selected for the lower needles, at the moment, 4 looping loops are knitted by the upper needles, and 2 looping loops are knitted by the lower needles to form a ratio of 2: 1; when a third course is knitted, selecting 1 and 3 upper needles to knit loops, selecting 1 and 2 lower needles to gather loops again, knitting 6 loops on the upper needles, and knitting 2 loops on the lower needles to form a ratio of 3: 1; when a fourth course is knitted, 1 and 3 knitting needles are selected for knitting, 1 and 2 knitting needles are selected for tucking again, 8 loops are knitted by the upper knitting needles, and the lower knitting needles are also 2 loops to form a 4:1 ratio;

when a single-side structure is knitted, the upper needles 1 and 3 are knitted into loops, the lower needles 1 and 2 are knitted, then the loops of the lower needle 1 are transferred to the upper needle 2, and the loops of the lower needle 2 are transferred to the upper needle 4, so that the number of the upper needles on a single-side position is 4, which is 1 time more than that of the double-side outer layer.

The invention forms a unique knitting composite structure, because the coil density of the single-sided structure, the coil density of the outer layer of the double-sided structure and the coil density of the inner layer of the double-sided structure are sequentially decreased, a differential capillary effect can be generated, and the fabric is endowed with one-way moisture-conducting performance; because a double-faced structure is formed locally, and a local double-faced knitting structure is adopted to simulate the surface porous structure of the moss, the absorption of liquid water and the improvement of air permeability are facilitated; the other areas are of a knitted single-sided structure, so that the diffusion of water/steam is facilitated, the diffusion area of liquid water is increased, and the diffusion evaporation rate is enhanced; the inner layer of the fabric is composed of a single-sided structure and a part of double-sided structure, so that the inner layer of the fabric is provided with a concave-convex structure, the contact area between skin and the garment is favorably reduced, the fabric is prevented from being tightly attached to the skin when sweating, the adhesion feeling is avoided, and the comfort of the garment is improved; the special structure makes up the defects of a pure single-sided structure and a pure double-sided structure, and the fabric has the characteristics of being light and thin and has outstanding one-way moisture-conducting performance.

As a preferable scheme:

according to the preparation method of the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure, the area of the main body area is 2.6-5.8 times of the sum of the areas of the local areas, the proportion of the area of the local area to the whole knitted fabric (namely the sum of the areas of the main body area and the local area) is not small, and otherwise, moisture is gathered in the inner layer of the single-sided structure with high coil density to be not beneficial to moisture removal; the area of each local area accounts for 20-50% of the sum of the areas of the local areas, the area of each local area accounts for not too large of the sum of the areas of the local areas, otherwise the number of the local areas is small, and the area of each local area is too large, so that liquid water in different areas cannot be conducted to a double-sided structure at the fastest speed due to the fact that the distance between the liquid water and a water absorption position is too large; otherwise, the number of local regions is large, and the area of a single local region is too small, so that the area of a water absorption point is too small, liquid water cannot be absorbed effectively and more, and the water absorption and guide efficiency is influenced.

According to the preparation method of the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure, each local area is in a shape which is beneficial to drawing water from the edge to the center.

According to the preparation method of the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure, each local area is in a rhombus shape, a snowflake shape, a pentagram shape, a thorn shape, a quadrangle shape or a branch end bifurcation shape.

According to the preparation method of the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure, after the knitting is finished, hydrophilic and hydrophobic finishing is further performed on the knitted fabric, specifically, hydrophobic finishing is performed on the inner layer of the single-sided structure, secondary hydrophilic finishing is performed on the inner layer of the double-sided structure, hydrophilic finishing is performed on the outer layers of the single-sided structure and the double-sided structure, the hydrophilic effect after the secondary hydrophilic finishing is inferior to that of the hydrophilic finishing and superior to that of the hydrophobic finishing, and the one-way moisture-conducting performance of the knitted fabric is further improved through the hydrophilic and hydrophobic finishing.

The knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure has excellent one-way moisture-conducting performance, and the main reasons are as follows: the coil density of single face structure, the outer coil density of double-sided structure and the coil density of the inlayer of double-sided structure decrease in proper order, coil density gradient changes and can increase the capillary force, be favorable to liquid water to remove in the fabric, and simultaneously, local area (being double-sided structure region) is the rhombus, the snowflake shape, the pentagram star, thorn shape, or branch end branching shape, it is bionical branch structure, be favorable to collecting the sweat of skin at the double-sided structure inlayer, conduct the double-sided structure skin again, avoid the wetting of fabric inlayer large tracts of land, influence the evaporation of water, and then the one-way wet performance of leading of fabric has been promoted, furthermore, still to the inlayer of single face structure, the inlayer of double-sided structure, the skin of single face structure and double-sided structure has carried out different: carry out hydrophobic arrangement to the inlayer of single face structure, carry out hydrophilic arrangement once to the inlayer of double-sided structure, carry out hydrophilic arrangement to the skin of single face structure and double-sided structure, formed hydrophilic hydrophobic gradient on the fabric surface, be favorable to the collection of liquid at the fabric inlayer, move from hydrophobic district to hydrophilic district once promptly, also be favorable to the conduction of liquid between the fabric inlayer, conduct from hydrophilic district to hydrophilic district once promptly, further promoted the one-way wet permeability of fabric.

Has the advantages that:

(1) compared with the common processing technology on the market at present, the preparation method of the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure has no special limitation on raw materials and after-finishing processing, has simple requirements on weaving, dyeing and finishing technologies and has universality;

(2) according to the preparation method of the knitted fabric with the bionic composite structure, the formed fabric is light and thin, the one-way moisture-conducting effect is obvious, the process flow is short, the production cost is low, the environment is friendly, the product positioning is flexible, and the knitted fabric is suitable for mass production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a pattern diagram of the fabric of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a pattern diagram of the fabric of example 3;

FIG. 3 is a pattern diagram of the fabric of example 4;

FIG. 4 is a pattern diagram of the fabric of example 5;

FIG. 5 is a pattern diagram of the fabric of example 6;

FIG. 6 is a pattern diagram of the fabric of example 7;

wherein, a is the left end of the knitting course, and b is the right end of the knitting course.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.