阅读说明：本技术 一种无盐型棉涤混纺织物印染方法 (Printing and dyeing method for salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric ) 是由 张细毛 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种无盐型棉涤混纺织物印染方法,采用膨胀蛭石粉、明胶、瓜尔胶配合有机酸的方式,制备了具有良好效果的促染剂,可以有效降低活性染料的水合度,在使用时,可完全取代元明粉,大大降低了印染过程中的盐使用量,同时减低了水和纯碱的使用量,有利于环保。(A method for printing and dyeing salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric adopts a mode of combining expanded vermiculite powder, gelatin and guar gum with organic acid to prepare an accelerating agent with a good effect, can effectively reduce the hydration degree of reactive dye, can completely replace anhydrous sodium sulphate when in use, greatly reduces the salt usage amount in the printing and dyeing process, simultaneously reduces the usage amount of water and soda ash, and is beneficial to environmental protection.)

1. A printing and dyeing method of salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. pretreating, namely boiling and bleaching the cotton fabric, and then sequentially carrying out enzyme washing and shaping;

B. dyeing, namely soaking the cotton fabric into reactive dye liquor, wherein the bath ratio is 1: 10-20, heating to 60-80 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-40min, adding 1-5g/L of soda ash according to the volume of the reactive dye liquor, preserving heat for 15-25min at the fixation temperature of 40-100 ℃, adding 5-20g/L of accelerating agent according to the volume of the reactive dye liquor, preserving heat for 30-60min, and finally cooling to room temperature;

C. post-treatment, namely washing, soaping, washing and airing the cotton fabric;

the accelerant comprises the following main components in percentage by weight:

raw vermiculite powder 55-65%

10 to 15 percent of emulsifier

1 to 3 percent of dispersant

The balance of corn dry starch.

2. The method for printing and dyeing the salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric according to claim 1, wherein the reactive dye is a vinyl sulfone reactive dye.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the dispersant and the emulsifier are respectively a coziness wetting agent Hydropalat 875, and the emulsifier is coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.

4. The method for printing and dyeing the salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the dyeing accelerant comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: crushing raw vermiculite, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, taking undersize, and grinding the raw vermiculite powder to 100-200 mu m in a dry grinding mode;

step two: mixing the raw vermiculite powder with a dispersant and an emulsifier, adding 5-8 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring;

step three: adding corn dry starch, homogenizing and dispersing at high speed, granulating, and drying to obtain dry granules;

step four: and drying the dry particles at a low temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 60-90min, grinding the dry particles by a dry method, sieving the ground particles by a 250-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain the accelerant.

5. The method for dyeing and printing the salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric according to claim 1, wherein the corn dry starch is a corn starch derivative modified with amino acid.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing, in particular to a printing and dyeing method of salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric.

Background

Cotton fibers represent an important part of the textile industry, accounting for approximately 65% of the total fiber production. The most important and potential dyes currently used in the dyeing of cotton fibers are reactive dyes. The reactive dye is combined with the cotton fiber through a covalent bond, so that the problem of poor wet treatment fastness of the dyed fiber is fundamentally solved. Meanwhile, the reactive dye has the advantages of complete chromatogram, bright color, simple and convenient application process, strong applicability, relatively low price and the like, and has become the dye with the maximum yield and output value in the dye for cotton fibers in recent years. In the conventional dyeing process of reactive dyes, a large amount of sodium chloride or sodium sulfate must be added, and after salt is added into a dye bath, the hydration degree of the dye is reduced, so that the tendency of the dye to be transferred from an aqueous solution to the surface of the fiber is increased, and the equilibrium dye-uptake is increased.

The salt pollution problem in reactive dye dyeing is eliminated, and at present, two methods are mainly used, namely cotton fiber cationization is carried out by increasing the affinity of the reactive dye and the cotton fiber, the cotton fiber is modified by chemical and physical methods, so that the surface of the fiber is positively charged, the affinity of the fiber and the dye is increased by the electrostatic action between positive and negative charges, and the effect of accelerating dyeing is achieved. However, the method has the defects of incapability of recycling, influence on the performance of the fiber, large dosage of small molecular reagents, toxic and side effects, difficulty in dye permeation of high molecular reagents, no bright color of dyed fibers and the like.

The second is a salt substitution technology, namely, a compound which is pollution-free and environment-friendly is used for replacing anhydrous sodium sulphate (chemical name: anhydrous sodium sulphate, alternative name: anhydrous sodium sulphate and anhydrous mirabilite), most of the compounds are still salts, and therefore the compounds are called substituted salts. It is known through research that monocarboxylates have stronger salt effect than NaCl and polycarboxylic acids have stronger effect than monocarboxylates, and salt dosage can be greatly reduced by replacing common salt and anhydrous sodium sulphate with the monocarboxylates, but at present, the price of the so-called alternative salts is too expensive compared with common salt and anhydrous sodium sulphate, so that the monocarboxylates cannot be popularized and applied.

The invention patent CN101560736A discloses a novel accelerant replacing anhydrous sodium sulphate, which can greatly reduce the salt dosage in the cotton fiber reactive dye (the anhydrous sodium sulphate can be reduced to 50 percent of the original dosage by using a very small amount of accelerant), and is an environment-friendly assistant which is beneficial to environmental protection and can reduce the production cost of printing and dyeing enterprises.

However, with the continuous improvement of the environmental protection requirement of China on the printing and dyeing industry, the development of a low-cost accelerant capable of completely replacing anhydrous sodium sulphate is urgently needed to reduce the usage amount of salt components in printing and dyeing.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a printing and dyeing method of a salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric.

A printing and dyeing method of salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric comprises the following steps:

A. pretreating, namely boiling and bleaching the cotton fabric, and then sequentially carrying out enzyme washing and shaping;

B. dyeing, namely soaking the cotton fabric into reactive dye liquor, wherein the bath ratio is 1: 10-20, heating to 60-80 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-40min, adding 1-5g/L of soda ash according to the volume of the reactive dye liquor, preserving heat for 15-25min at the fixation temperature of 40-100 ℃, adding 5-20g/L of accelerating agent according to the volume of the reactive dye liquor, preserving heat for 30-60min, and finally cooling to room temperature;

C. post-treatment, namely washing, soaping, washing and airing the cotton fabric;

the accelerant comprises the following main components in percentage by weight:

the bleaching solution comprises: 1-2g/L of refining agent, 2-6g/L of caustic soda, 3-8g/L of hydrogen peroxide and 0.5-1g/L of hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, placing the cotton fabric into the boiling and bleaching liquid according to the bath ratio of 1:10-15, and treating for 15-30min at 105-115 ℃.

The enzyme wash used comprises: 0.5-1g/L of pectinase, 1-2g/L of cellulase and 0.5-1g/L of glacial acetic acid, and the enzyme washing temperature is 45-55 ℃; the setting temperature is 150-160 deg.C, and the speed is 20-30 m/min.

Preferably, the reactive dye is vinyl sulfone reactive dye.

The preparation method of the accelerating agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: crushing raw vermiculite, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, taking undersize, and grinding the raw vermiculite powder to 100-200 mu m in a dry grinding mode;

step two: mixing the raw vermiculite powder with a dispersant and an emulsifier, adding 5-8 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring;

step three: adding corn dry starch, homogenizing and dispersing at high speed, granulating, and drying to obtain dry granules;

step four: and drying the dry particles at a low temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 60-90min, grinding the dry particles by a dry method, sieving the ground particles by a 250-mesh sieve, and taking undersize products to obtain the accelerant.

Preferably, the dispersant and the emulsifier are respectively a cozinic aqueous wetting agent Hydropalat 875, and the emulsifier is coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.

Preferably, the corn dry starch is a corn starch derivative modified by amino acid.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the salt-free cotton-polyester blended fabric printing and dyeing method, the accelerating agent with a good effect is prepared in a mode that raw vermiculite powder is wrapped with corn dry starch, the hydration degree of the reactive dye can be effectively reduced, and the affinity of the dye to cotton fibers is obviously improved, so that the dye in water bath is further accelerated to be adsorbed to the cotton fibers and continuously reacts with the cotton fibers, and the color fixing rate of the reactive dye is improved; when in use, the anhydrous sodium sulphate can be completely replaced, no inorganic salt is required to be added in the whole printing and dyeing process, the use amount of water and soda ash is reduced, and the environment protection is facilitated.

Detailed Description