阅读说明：本技术 一种硬脆材料加工用免修整超硬砂轮及其制备方法 (Repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials and preparation method thereof ) 是由 马尧 史冬丽 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种硬脆材料加工用免修整超硬砂轮,包括基体,磨削层由多层磨料层组成,磨削层上设有周向排屑槽和径向排屑槽,各磨料层均以质量份数计,包含以下组分：超硬磨料20-55份,树脂粉10-35份,金属粉3-15份,填料2-10份,造孔剂2-6份,硫酸钙晶须1-3份,润湿剂1-2份；制备时,将各磨料层组分原料均匀混料,热压成型、固化、随炉冷却至室温得到各磨料层毛坯,将所述磨料层毛坯粘结到基体上,按要求对砂轮进行加工,并在磨料层上切出相应的排屑槽,得到砂轮成品。本发明的砂轮具有优异的容屑排屑能力、散热能力以及极佳的自锐性,能够保证工件加工质量且不需要修整,大幅提高加工效率,且生产成本低,制备工艺简单。(The invention discloses a repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials, which comprises a substrate, wherein a grinding layer consists of a plurality of grinding material layers, the grinding layer is provided with a circumferential chip removal groove and a radial chip removal groove, and each grinding material layer comprises, by mass, 20-55 parts of superhard grinding material, 10-35 parts of resin powder, 3-15 parts of metal powder, 2-10 parts of filler, 2-6 parts of pore-forming agent, 1-3 parts of calcium sulfate whisker and 1-2 parts of wetting agent.)

The repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials comprises a base body, wherein a central hole is formed in the base body, a grinding layer is arranged on the side of the base body, and the repair-free superhard grinding wheel is characterized in that the grinding layer is composed of multiple layers of grinding material layers, circumferential chip grooves and radial chip grooves are further formed in the grinding layer, circumferential chip grooves are formed between adjacent grinding material layers, the radial chip grooves are evenly distributed in the grinding material layers along the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel, penetrate through the grinding material layers along the direction of degrees with a certain included angle with the radial direction of the grinding wheel and are communicated with the circumferential chip grooves, and each grinding material layer comprises, by mass, 20-55 parts of superhard grinding materials, 10-35 parts of resin powder, 3-15 parts of metal powder, 2-10 parts of fillers, 2-6 parts of pore-forming agents, 1-3 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 0-2 parts of wetting agents.

2. The dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the superhard abrasive is the synthetic diamond or the cubic boron nitride, and the abrasive grain size is 10-160 μm.

3. The dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing the hard and brittle material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resin powder is phenolic resin or polyimide resin, and the particle size is 2-30 μm.

4. The dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing the hard and brittle material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal powder is copper powder and/or copper-tin alloy powder, and the granularity is 5-75 μm.

5. A dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler is or more of ferric oxide, zinc oxide and chromium oxide, and the granularity is 2-30 μm.

6. A dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pore-forming agent is or more of glass cenospheres, ceramic cenospheres and thermal expansion cenospheres, and the particle size is 25-90 μm.

7. A dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium sulphate whiskers have a diameter of 3-8 μm and a length of 80-150 μm.

8. A dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for machining a hard and brittle material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the included angle is 0-60 degrees.

9, A method for preparing a dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and , which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1): taking the component raw materials of each abrasive layer according to the proportion, mixing the materials in a three-position mixer for 120min, and sieving to obtain preformed powder of each abrasive layer;

step 2): uniformly putting the preformed materials of the abrasive layers in the step 1) into corresponding die cavities respectively, flattening, and performing hot-press molding to obtain blanks of the abrasive layers, wherein the hot-press temperature is 150-;

step 3): placing each abrasive layer blank into a hot air oven for curing at the curing temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 6-18h, and then cooling to room temperature along with the oven;

step 4): and bonding the solidified and cooled grinding material layer blank to a matrix of the grinding wheel, processing the grinding wheel according to requirements, and cutting corresponding chip grooves on the grinding material layer to obtain a finished grinding wheel product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of grinding of abrasive tools, in particular to a repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In the grinding processing of hard and brittle materials, when the workpiece to be processed needs to have a large removal margin, in order to improve the processing efficiency, the single cutting depth is generally increased, and the feed speed is increased. Under such conditions, a large amount of abrasive dust and heat are generated during grinding. However, the existing grinding wheel has the problems of large grinding noise, high machine tool load, blockage of the grinding wheel, easy burning and the like when being subjected to large cutting depth and fast feed processing, so that the surface quality of a processed workpiece is poor, even the size of the workpiece does not reach the standard, the grinding wheel needs to be frequently dressed to solve the problems, and the processing efficiency and the quality are seriously influenced.

Therefore, dressing-free superhard grinding wheels with strong chip removal capability and good self-sharpening performance are provided, and the dressing-free superhard grinding wheel has important significance for large-cutting-depth and fast-feed grinding of hard and brittle materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the grinding wheel is easy to block and burn and needs frequent repair when the hard and brittle materials are cut deeply and cut quickly.

The repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials comprises a base body, wherein the base body is provided with a central hole, a grinding layer is arranged on the side of the base body and consists of multiple layers of grinding material layers, the grinding layer is also provided with circumferential chip grooves and radial chip grooves, the circumferential chip grooves are formed between every two adjacent grinding material layers, the radial chip grooves are uniformly distributed in the grinding material layers along the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel, penetrate through the grinding material layers along the direction forming fixed angle degrees with the radial direction of the grinding wheel and are communicated with the circumferential chip grooves, and each grinding material layer comprises, by mass, 20-55 parts of superhard grinding materials, 10-35 parts of resin powder, 3-15 parts of metal powder, 2-10 parts of fillers, 2-6 parts of pore-forming agents, 1-3 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 0-2 parts of wetting agents.

, the super-hard abrasive is artificial diamond or cubic boron nitride, and the abrasive grain size is 10-160 μm.

, the resin powder is phenolic resin or polyimide resin with the particle size of 2-30 μm.

, the metal powder is copper powder and/or copper-tin alloy powder with the granularity of 5-75 μm.

, the filler is or more of ferric oxide, zinc oxide and chromium oxide, and the particle size is 2-30 μm.

, the pore-forming agent is or more of glass hollow micro-beads, ceramic hollow micro-beads and thermal expansion micro-beads, and the granularity is 25-90 μm.

And , the diameter of the calcium sulfate whisker is 3-8 μm, and the length of the calcium sulfate whisker is 80-150 μm.

And , the included angle degree is 0-60 degrees.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the repair-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials, which comprises the following steps:

step 1): taking the component raw materials of each abrasive layer according to the proportion, mixing the materials in a three-position mixer for 120min, and sieving to obtain preformed powder of each abrasive layer;

step 2): uniformly putting the preformed materials of the abrasive layers in the step 1) into corresponding die cavities respectively, flattening, and performing hot-press molding to obtain blanks of the abrasive layers, wherein the hot-press temperature is 150-;

step 3): placing each abrasive layer blank into a hot air oven for curing at the curing temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 6-18h, and then cooling to room temperature along with the oven;

step 4): and bonding the solidified and cooled grinding material layer blank to a matrix of the grinding wheel, processing the grinding wheel according to requirements, and cutting corresponding chip grooves on the grinding material layer to obtain a finished grinding wheel product.

According to the invention, the formula and the structure of the grinding layer of the grinding wheel are optimized, and through mutual cooperation, on the premise of not increasing other investment, the chip containing, chip removing and heat dissipating capabilities of the grinding wheel are improved, the self-sharpening performance of the grinding wheel is enhanced, the grinding wheel which is free of trimming and highly durable is prepared, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a grinding wheel structure of a dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials according to embodiment 1 of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a grinding wheel structure of a dressing-free superhard grinding wheel for processing hard and brittle materials according to embodiment 2 of the invention.

Detailed Description

In the following embodiments, polyimide resin and phenolic resin can be selected from conventional varieties sold in the field of resin bonded grinding wheels, copper powder, copper-tin alloy, artificial single crystal diamond, cubic boron nitride, ferric oxide, zinc oxide, chromium oxide, glass hollow microspheres, ceramic hollow microspheres and thermal expansion microspheres can be obtained through conventional markets, calcium sulfate whisker reinforced fibers and superfine inorganic fillers have the advantages of bodies and low price, can effectively improve the strength of the bonding agent and prolong the service life of the grinding wheel, and a wetting agent is used for enhancing the wetting capacity of the grinding material and improving the holding power of the bonding agent on the grinding material.