阅读说明：本技术 一种由铬矿粉制备高碳铬铁的方法 (Method for preparing high-carbon ferrochromium from chromium ore powder ) 是由 王应青 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种由铬矿粉制备高碳铬铁的方法,将铬矿粉、铬块矿、焦炭、含镁助剂混合均匀得到混合物料,混合料中MgO和Al<Sub>2</Sub>O<Sub>3</Sub>的质量比为0.7～1.2；含镁助剂包括含镁和硅的助剂中的一种或多种；将上述混合物料与粘结剂进行混合配料,粘结剂的重量百分含量为4～10％,粘结剂为玻璃水和膨润土混合,玻璃水和膨润土的比例为3∶5；将混合配料加入矿热炉,并随着炉内炉料的下沉及时补充新料,保持料面与炉口平齐；冶炼过程中,将炉内温度控制在1600～1700℃,间隔2～3h出一次铁；铁水经扒渣后浇铸、粒化得到高碳铬铁。该方法充分利用铬矿粉,既可满足生产要求,又能简化工艺、减少投资、提高经济效益。(A method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder comprises uniformly mixing chromium ore powder, chromium lump ore, coke and magnesium-containing auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed material, wherein MgO and Al are contained in the mixed material 2 O 3 The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.7-1.2; the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent comprises one or more of magnesium and silicon-containing auxiliary agents; mixing the mixed material with a binder, wherein the weight percentage of the binder is 4-10%, the binder is formed by mixing glass water and bentonite, and the ratio of the glass water to the bentonite is 3: 5; adding the mixed ingredients into the submerged arc furnace, and supplementing new materials in time along with the sinking of furnace burden in the furnace, and keeping the charge level to be flush with the furnace opening; in the smelting process, controlling the temperature in the furnace at 1600-1700 ℃, and discharging primary iron at intervals of 2-3 h; the high-carbon ferrochrome is obtained by slagging off, casting and granulating the molten iron. The method makes full use of chromium ore powder, not only can meet the production requirements, but also can simplify the process, reduce the investment and improve the economic benefit.)

1. A method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing chromium ore powder, chromium lump ore, coke and magnesium-containing auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed material, wherein MgO and Al are contained in the mixed material₂O₃The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.7-1.2;

the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent comprises one or more of magnesium and silicon-containing auxiliary agents;

the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent comprises one or more of talcum, forsterite, tremolite, asbestos, serpentine and stevensite;

the mass ratio of magnesium to silicon in the magnesium and silicon containing auxiliary agent is (2-4): (1-5);

the mass ratio of the chromium ore powder, the chromium lump ore, the coke and the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent is (10-30): (20-40): (6-12): (2-8);

(2) mixing the mixed material with a binder, wherein the weight percentage of the binder is 4-10%, the binder is formed by mixing glass water and bentonite, and the ratio of the glass water to the bentonite is 3: 5;

(3) adding the mixed ingredients into the submerged arc furnace, and supplementing new materials in time along with the sinking of furnace burden in the furnace, and keeping the charge level to be flush with the furnace opening;

(4) in the smelting process, controlling the temperature in the furnace at 1600-1700 ℃, and discharging primary iron at intervals of 2-3 h;

(5) the high-carbon ferrochrome is obtained by slagging off, casting and granulating the molten iron.

2. The method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium to silicon in the magnesium and silicon containing auxiliary agent in the step (1) is 3: 4.

3. the method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the chromium ore powder, the chromium lump ore, the coke and the magnesium-containing additive in the step (1) is 20: 30: 9: 5.

4. the method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein MgO and Al are contained in the mixture in step (1)₂O₃The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.0.

5. The method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (4), the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1650 ℃, and the iron is discharged at intervals of 2.5 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrochrome, and particularly relates to a method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder.

Background

The raw materials for smelting the ferrochrome mainly comprise chromium lump ore and chromium mineral powder. Because the smelting process has requirements on the air permeability of the furnace burden, the chromium lump ore is more suitable for smelting. With the increasing demand of chromium ore resources, the chromium lump ore suitable for being directly charged into the furnace is less and less, and the price is also increased.

The chromium ore powder is superior to chromium lump ore in the aspects of grade and price, but the direct smelting of the chromium ore powder in a furnace can lead the air permeability of an ore-smelting furnace to be poor, the fluctuation of the furnace condition is large, the phenomena of material spraying and fire pricking are easily caused, the unit consumption and the power consumption of raw materials are increased, and the safety production accident can be caused in serious cases. Therefore, the agglomeration treatment of the chromium ore powder is an effective way for solving the problem of chromium ore powder utilization, and the agglomeration methods generally adopted at present comprise briquetting, sintering, pelletizing and the like.

The traditional method only solves the strength problem of pelletizing of the fine ore, so that the traditional method can meet the production requirement only by matching with other lump ores in use. When all the fine ore is used, it is difficult to adjust the slag component, and the recovery rate of chromium is extremely reduced. Therefore, the current general production method of high-carbon ferrochrome adopts different lump ores to match with fine ores or uses the fine ores for pelletizing to match with the lump ores.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder, which makes full use of the chromium ore powder, can meet the production requirements, and can simplify the process, reduce the investment and improve the economic benefit.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for preparing high-carbon ferrochrome from chromium ore powder comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly mixing chromium ore powder, chromium lump ore, coke and magnesium-containing auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed material, wherein MgO and Al are contained in the mixed material₂O₃The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.7-1.2;

the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent comprises one or more of magnesium and silicon-containing auxiliary agents;

the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent comprises one or more of talcum, forsterite, tremolite, asbestos, serpentine and stevensite;

the mass ratio of magnesium to silicon in the magnesium and silicon containing auxiliary agent is (2-4): (1-5);

the mass ratio of the chromium ore powder, the chromium lump ore, the coke and the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent is (10-30): (20-40): (6-12): (2-8);

(2) mixing the mixed material with a binder, wherein the weight percentage of the binder is 4-10%, the binder is formed by mixing glass water and bentonite, and the ratio of the glass water to the bentonite is 3: 5;

(3) adding the mixed ingredients into the submerged arc furnace, and supplementing new materials in time along with the sinking of furnace burden in the furnace, and keeping the charge level to be flush with the furnace opening;

(4) in the smelting process, controlling the temperature in the furnace at 1600-1700 ℃, and discharging primary iron at intervals of 2-3 h;

(5) the high-carbon ferrochrome is obtained by slagging off, casting and granulating the molten iron.

Preferably, in the magnesium and silicon-containing auxiliary agent in the step (1), the mass ratio of magnesium to silicon is 3: 4.

preferably, the mass ratio of the chromium ore powder, the chromium lump ore, the coke and the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent in the step (1) is 20: 30: 9: 5.

preferably, MgO and Al are contained in the mixture in the step (1)₂O₃The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.0.

Preferably, in the step (4), the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1650 ℃, and primary iron is discharged at intervals of 2.5 h.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the invention adjusts MgO and Al in the smelting process of high-carbon ferrochrome₂O₃The ratio of the amount of the slag in the furnace is controlled to be uniformly distributed, the phenomenon of material suspension is avoided, the material spraying in the smelting process is avoided, the technical problem that the high-carbon ferrochrome is directly smelted by using the fine ore is solved, pelletizing, sintering, ball pressing and the like are not needed, the process is simple, the equipment investment is reduced, the production cost of one ton of high-carbon ferrochrome is about 300-400 yuan lower than that of the sintering and pelletizing process of the fine ore, and the economic benefit is very obvious;

(2) in the invention, the magnesium-containing auxiliary agent is used, the Mg component is supplemented in the raw material, the slag former can play a role, more importantly, the proportion of Mg and Al (Al contained in chromite) in the raw material can be adjusted, the reduction effect in the smelting process is effectively improved, and the quality and the performance of the obtained product can be improved. The smelting method of the high-carbon ferrochrome has the advantages of simple process, low labor intensity, less loss, less generated smoke, easy collection and treatment and capability of meeting the requirement of environmental protection. The high-carbon ferrochrome product has low cost, easy acquisition and excellent quality and performance.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.