阅读说明：本技术 一种吸水复合丝绸面料及其加工方法 (Water-absorbing composite silk fabric and processing method thereof ) 是由 夏志忠 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种吸水复合丝绸面料及其加工方法,涉及纺织品织造领域。本发明先用改性聚乙二醇与蚕丝蛋白混合反应,再经纺丝,加捻后制得改性蚕丝纤维,然后将蛛丝蛋白液与葡聚糖混合,经纺丝,加捻后制得改性蛛丝纤维,将制得的改性蚕丝纤维与改性蛛丝纤维进行混纺,制得吸水复合丝绸面料坯料,将吸水复合丝绸面料坯料与蛋白酶溶液混合反应后,高温灭酶,并加入壳聚糖混合液,搅拌反应后,过滤,冷冻干燥,得吸水复合丝绸面料。本发明制备的吸水复合丝绸面料具有优异的吸水性,且悬垂性较好。(The invention discloses a water-absorbing composite silk fabric and a processing method thereof, and relates to the field of textile weaving. The invention firstly uses modified polyethylene glycol to react with silk protein, then carries out spinning and twisting to prepare modified silk fiber, then spider silk protein liquid is mixed with glucan, carries out spinning and twisting to prepare modified spider silk fiber, and carries out blending on the prepared modified silk fiber and the modified spider silk fiber to prepare water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank, and the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank is mixed with protease solution to react, then carries out enzyme deactivation at high temperature, and is added with chitosan mixed solution, and after stirring reaction, filtration and freeze drying are carried out to obtain the water-absorbing composite silk fabric. The water-absorbing composite silk fabric prepared by the invention has excellent water absorption and good drapability.)

1. The water-absorbing composite silk fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 20 ~ 35 parts of spidroin, 4 ~ 8 parts of glucan and 4 ~ 10 parts of chitosan.

2. The water-absorbing composite silk fabric according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing composite silk fabric further comprises 20 ~ 30 parts by weight of modified silk fibers.

3. The water-absorbing composite silk fabric according to claim 2, wherein the modified silk fibers are prepared by mixing and reacting fibroin and modified polyethylene glycol, spinning, and twisting.

4. The water-absorbing composite silk fabric according to claim 3, wherein the water-absorbing composite silk fabric comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 32 parts of spidroin, 6 parts of glucan, 8 parts of chitosan and 30 parts of modified silk fiber.

5. The processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following preparation steps of:

(1) degumming, dissolving, dialyzing and performing enzymolysis on silk to obtain silk protein powder, mixing silk protein liquid and modified polyethylene glycol for reaction, and performing electrostatic spinning and twisting to obtain modified silk fiber;

(2) mixing the spider silk protein liquid with glucan, and performing electrostatic spinning and twisting to prepare modified spider silk fibers;

(3) blending the modified silk fiber obtained in the step (1) with the modified spider silk fiber obtained in the step (2) to prepare a water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank;

(4) mixing the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank obtained in the step (3) with a protease solution, heating, adding a chitosan mixed solution, stirring for reaction, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-absorbing composite silk fabric;

(5) and (4) carrying out index analysis on the water-absorbing composite silk fabric obtained in the step (4).

6. The processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric according to claim 5, which is characterized by mainly comprising the following preparation steps of:

(1) mixing waste silkworm cocoons and isopropyl ether according to a mass ratio of 1: 6, soaking for 3 ~ 4h at room temperature, filtering to obtain pretreated waste silkworm cocoons, mixing the pretreated waste silkworm cocoons and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, soaking for 2 ~ 3h, filtering to obtain filter residues, mixing the filter residues and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, boiling for 5 ~ 6h, filtering to obtain fibrous silk protein, mixing the fibrous silk protein and a sodium hydrosulfide solution with a mass fraction of 60%, dialyzing for 3 ~ 4h in a dialysis bag, concentrating to obtain silk protein liquid, mixing the silk protein liquid and protease according to a mass ratio of 100: 3, reacting for 2 ~ 3h at room temperature, filtering, washing, drying to obtain silk protein powder, mixing the silk protein powder and modified polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, adding dimethyl sulfoxide with a mass ratio of 8 ~ 15 times of the mass of the silk protein powder, stirring, reacting to obtain modified silk propanol, twisting the modified silk protein and the modified silk fiber mixed fiber with a mass ratio of 1: 12, filtering to obtain a spun silk fiber electrostatic spinning solution, and spinning a spun silk fiber obtained by using a spinning solution D;

(2) mixing spider silk and hexafluoroisopropanol according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, adding glucan with the mass of 0.1 ~ 0.2.2 times that of the spider silk, stirring and mixing to obtain modified spider silk fiber spinning solution, performing electrostatic spinning on the modified spider silk fiber spinning solution to obtain modified spider silk fiber fibrils, and twisting the modified spider silk fiber fibrils to a linear density of 30 ~ 80dtex to obtain modified spider silk fibers;

(3) blending the modified silk fiber obtained in the step (1) and the modified spider silk fiber obtained in the step (2) in a plain weave mode, wherein the modified silk fiber is used as warp yarn, the density of the warp yarn is 400 ~ 600 pieces/cm, the modified spider silk fiber is used as weft yarn, the density of the warp yarn is 200 ~ 400 pieces/cm, and a water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank is prepared;

(4) mixing the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank obtained in the step (3) with a protease solution in a mass ratio of 1: 10 in a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 1 ~ 2h, heating the physical temperature in the reaction kettle to 80 ~ 90 ℃, adding a chitosan mixed solution with the mass of 2 ~ 4 times of that of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank into the reaction kettle, stirring and reacting, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and freeze-drying the filter cake to obtain the water-absorbing composite silk fabric;

(5) and (4) carrying out index analysis on the water-absorbing composite silk fabric obtained in the step (4).

7. The processing method of the water-absorbent composite silk fabric according to claim 6, wherein the modified polyethylene glycol in the step (1) is prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol 400 and succinic anhydride in a mass ratio of 1: 1.2, adding N, N-dimethylformamide 6 to 6 ~ 8 times the mass of the polyethylene glycol 400, stirring for reaction, extracting with cyclohexane, removing excess succinic anhydride to obtain polyethylene glycol esterified substance dispersion, mixing the polyethylene glycol esterified substance dispersion with thionyl chloride in a mass ratio of 10: 1, stirring for reaction, and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain the modified polyethylene glycol.

8. The processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein the electrostatic spinning conditions in step (1) are that the spinning voltage is 18kV, the total flow of the spinning solution is 0.9mL/h, the distance between the positive nozzle and the negative nozzle is 17.5cm, and the inner diameter of the nozzles is 0.5 mm.

9. The processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric as claimed in claim 6, wherein the electrostatic spinning conditions in step (2) are spinning voltage of 6 ~ 14Kv, distance between the nozzle and the filament receiving plate is 6 ~ 14cm, total flow rate of the spinning solution is 1 ~ 2mL/h, and inner diameter of the nozzle is 0.8 mm.

10. The processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric according to claim 6, wherein the chitosan mixed solution of the step (3) is prepared by mixing chitosan and 5% acetic acid solution in a mass ratio of 1: 10, adding 2-methylaminopyridine which is 0.5 to 0.5 ~ 1.0.0 times of the mass of chitosan and 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride which is 0.1 to 0.1 ~ 0.3.3 times of the mass of chitosan, and stirring and mixing the mixture to obtain the chitosan mixed solution.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textile weaving, in particular to a water-absorbing composite silk fabric and a processing method thereof.

Background

Silk is woven by taking silk fiber as a raw material, and the silk fiber is protein fiber and is known as fiber queen, which is a treasure in China. The silk fibroin in the silk contains 18 amino acids which have great nutritive value for human bodies, so that the silk fabric has good affinity effect on the skin of the human bodies and has the reputation of 'second skin of the human bodies'. The cross section of the silk fiber is triangular, the silk fiber is longitudinally smooth and flat, and the silk fiber is of a laminated structure, so that the silk fiber has better glossiness than other fibers, fine fineness and better moisture absorption capacity. In addition, the silk also has strong ultraviolet resistance and the scroop effect which other fibers do not have. The characteristics of the silk fiber endow the silk fabric with the characteristics of smooth hand feeling, moisture absorption, air permeability, softness, comfort, soft luster, lightness, thinness, elegance and the like. However, silk fabrics have the defects of easy crease, easy yellowing, easy breakage, easy pollution and the like, which limit the development of the silk fabrics. The mulberry silk and other fibers are compounded, the mulberry silk is taken as a main body to carry out processing technologies such as mutual compounding, coating, blending, interweaving and the like, and the defects of silk broadcloth can be improved after the compounding, so that the silk fabric has the advantages of the silk and other fibers, the performance of the silk fabric is improved, and the functionalization can be realized.

The fibroin fiber is rich in a plurality of hydrophilic groups such as amino (-CONH), amino (-NH 2) and the like, and water molecules are easy to diffuse due to the porosity, so that the fibroin fiber can absorb or emit water in the air and keep certain water. At normal temperature, it can help skin keep certain moisture, and does not dry skin too much; when the sweat-absorbent garment is worn in summer, sweat and heat discharged by a human body can be quickly dissipated, so that people feel cool. Due to the performance, the silk fabrics are more suitable for being in direct contact with human skin, so people all use silk clothes as one of necessary summer clothes. However, silk cannot absorb a large amount of water, so that it is necessary to develop a water-absorbent composite silk fabric having high water absorption capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water-absorbing composite silk fabric and a processing method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the water-absorbing composite silk fabric is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw materials, by weight, 20 ~ 35 parts of spidroin, 4 ~ 8 parts of glucan and 4 ~ 10 parts of chitosan.

The water-absorbing composite silk fabric is characterized by also comprising the following raw material components, by weight, 20 ~ 30 parts of modified silk fibers.

Preferably, the modified silk fiber is prepared by mixing and reacting fibroin and modified polyethylene glycol, spinning and twisting

As optimization, the water-absorbing composite silk fabric comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 32 parts of spidroin, 6 parts of glucan, 8 parts of chitosan and 30 parts of modified silk fiber.

As optimization, the processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) degumming, dissolving, dialyzing and performing enzymolysis on silk to obtain silk protein powder, mixing silk protein liquid and modified polyethylene glycol for reaction, and performing electrostatic spinning and twisting to obtain modified silk fiber;

(2) mixing the spider silk protein liquid with glucan, and performing electrostatic spinning and twisting to prepare modified spider silk fibers;

(3) blending the modified silk fiber obtained in the step (1) with the modified spider silk fiber obtained in the step (2) to prepare a water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank;

(4) mixing the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank obtained in the step (3) with a protease solution, heating, adding a chitosan mixed solution, stirring for reaction, filtering, and drying to obtain a water-absorbing composite silk fabric;

(5) and (4) carrying out index analysis on the water-absorbing composite silk fabric obtained in the step (4).

As optimization, the processing method of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric mainly comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) mixing waste silkworm cocoons and isopropyl ether according to a mass ratio of 1: 6, soaking for 3 ~ 4h at room temperature, filtering to obtain pretreated waste silkworm cocoons, mixing the pretreated waste silkworm cocoons and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, soaking for 2 ~ 3h, filtering to obtain filter residues, mixing the filter residues and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, boiling for 5 ~ 6h, filtering to obtain fibrous silk protein, mixing the fibrous silk protein and a sodium hydrosulfide solution with a mass fraction of 60%, dialyzing for 3 ~ 4h in a dialysis bag, concentrating to obtain silk protein liquid, mixing the silk protein liquid and protease according to a mass ratio of 100: 3, reacting for 2 ~ 3h at room temperature, filtering, washing, drying to obtain silk protein powder, mixing the silk protein powder and modified polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, adding dimethyl sulfoxide with a mass ratio of 8 ~ 15 times of the mass of the silk protein powder, stirring, reacting to obtain modified silk propanol, twisting the modified silk protein and the modified silk fiber mixed fiber with a mass ratio of 1: 12, filtering to obtain a spun silk fiber electrostatic spinning solution, and spinning a spun silk fiber obtained by using a spinning solution D;

(2) mixing spider silk and hexafluoroisopropanol according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, adding glucan with the mass of 0.1 ~ 0.2.2 times that of the spider silk, stirring and mixing to obtain modified spider silk fiber spinning solution, performing electrostatic spinning on the modified spider silk fiber spinning solution to obtain modified spider silk fiber fibrils, and twisting the modified spider silk fiber fibrils to a linear density of 30 ~ 80dtex to obtain modified spider silk fibers;

(3) blending the modified silk fiber obtained in the step (1) and the modified spider silk fiber obtained in the step (2) in a plain weave mode, wherein the modified silk fiber is used as warp yarn, the density of the warp yarn is 400 ~ 600 pieces/cm, the modified spider silk fiber is used as weft yarn, the density of the warp yarn is 200 ~ 400 pieces/cm, and a water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank is prepared;

(4) mixing the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank obtained in the step (3) with a protease solution in a mass ratio of 1: 10 in a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 1 ~ 2h, heating the physical temperature in the reaction kettle to 80 ~ 90 ℃, adding a chitosan mixed solution with the mass of 2 ~ 4 times of that of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric blank into the reaction kettle, stirring and reacting, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and freeze-drying the filter cake to obtain the water-absorbing composite silk fabric;

(5) and (4) carrying out index analysis on the water-absorbing composite silk fabric obtained in the step (4).

Preferably, the modified polyethylene glycol in the step (1) is prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol 400 and succinic anhydride according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.2, adding N, N-dimethylformamide 6 ~ 8 times of the mass of the polyethylene glycol 400, stirring for reaction, extracting with cyclohexane, removing redundant succinic anhydride to obtain polyethylene glycol esterified substance dispersion liquid, mixing the polyethylene glycol esterified substance dispersion liquid and thionyl chloride according to a mass ratio of 10: 1, stirring for reaction, and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain the modified polyethylene glycol.

And (2) optimally, the electrostatic spinning conditions in the step (1) are that the spinning voltage is 18kV, the total flow of the spinning solution is 0.9mL/h, the distance between a positive spray nozzle and a negative spray nozzle is 17.5cm, and the inner diameter of the spray nozzle is 0.5 mm.

For optimization, the electrostatic spinning conditions in the step (2) are that the spinning voltage is 6 ~ 14Kv, the distance between a spray head and a spinning plate is 6 ~ 14cm, the total flow of the spinning solution is 1 ~ 2mL/h, and the inner diameter of the spray head is 0.8 mm.

Preferably, the chitosan mixed solution in the step (3) is prepared by mixing chitosan and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 5% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, adding 2-methylamino pyridine with the mass of 0.5 ~ 1.0.0 time of that of the chitosan and 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride with the mass of 0.1 ~ 0.3.3 times of that of the chitosan, and stirring and mixing to obtain the chitosan mixed solution.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention uses modified silk fiber and modified spider silk fiber when preparing water-absorbing composite silk fabric, and adds chitosan in the subsequent treatment process; firstly, polyethylene glycol modified silk fiber and modified spider silk fiber containing glucan are blended to prepare the water-absorbing composite silk fabric, the product can have the drapability of silk, secondly, the glucan added into the spider silk fiber can be exposed when the blank of the prepared water-absorbing composite silk fabric is mixed and reacted with protease solution, so that the glucan reacts with the polyethylene glycol on the surface of the silk fiber to form water-absorbing microcapsules, further the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric is improved, meanwhile, when the blank of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric is treated by using the protease solution, certain pits can be generated on the surface of the blank, further the water absorption rate of the product is improved, finally, the chitosan is added in the subsequent treatment process of the blank of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric, so that the chitosan can react with the spider silk protein and the silk protein decomposed by the protease to form a three-dimensional framework to be wound on the surface of the fiber in the water-absorbing composite silk fabric, thereby fixing the microcapsule formed by the polyethylene glycol and the glucan better and further improving the water absorption of the product.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the invention, the following examples are used for detailed description, and the method for testing each index of the water-absorbing composite silk fabric manufactured in the following examples is as follows:

coefficient of drape: the water-absorbing composite silk fabrics obtained in each example and the comparative product are tested by a fabric draping instrument.

Water absorption: the water-absorbing composite silk fabrics obtained in each example and the comparative products are placed in water, and after being soaked for 30min, the weight gain rate of each square centimeter of the fabrics is measured.