阅读说明：本技术 一种应用于毫米波波段电磁波的垂直传输结构 (Vertical transmission structure applied to millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves ) 是由 谭杰洪 梁稳 陈国胜 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种应用于毫米波波段电磁波的垂直传输结构,包括上隔板、下隔板、突起、脊隙、探针、矩形波导,突起设置在隔板的表面,脊隙设置在隔板的中部,探针位于脊隙的末端并伸入矩形波导的内腔,突起与上隔板、下隔板组成高阻抗表面,导引电磁波沿预设方向传播。通过设置周期性排布的金属结构,配合上下两层隔板形成高阻抗表面结构,阻止电磁波的侧向传播,抑制电磁波的泄露和辐射,并在脊隙的末端加入导引结构,用以导引电磁波沿预设方向传播,对电磁场形成微扰,实现阻抗变换。该垂直传输结构具有宽频带、低插损、尺寸小的优良性能,且该结构体积小、结构简单,在毫米波混合集成电路中具有重要的工程应用价值和广阔的应用前景。(The invention provides a vertical transmission structure applied to millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves, which comprises an upper partition plate, a lower partition plate, a protrusion, a ridge gap, a probe and a rectangular waveguide, wherein the protrusion is arranged on the surface of the partition plate, the ridge gap is arranged in the middle of the partition plate, the probe is positioned at the tail end of the ridge gap and extends into an inner cavity of the rectangular waveguide, and the protrusion, the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate form a high-impedance surface to guide the electromagnetic waves to propagate along a preset direction. The high-impedance surface structure is formed by arranging the metal structures which are periodically arranged and matching with the upper layer of partition board and the lower layer of partition board, so that the lateral propagation of electromagnetic waves is prevented, the leakage and the radiation of the electromagnetic waves are inhibited, and the guide structure is added at the tail end of the ridge gap and used for guiding the electromagnetic waves to propagate along the preset direction to form perturbation on the electromagnetic field, so that the impedance transformation is realized. The vertical transmission structure has the excellent performances of wide frequency band, low insertion loss and small size, has small volume and simple structure, and has important engineering application value and wide application prospect in millimeter wave hybrid integrated circuits.)

1. A vertical transmission structure applied to millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves is characterized by comprising an upper partition plate, a lower partition plate, a ridge gap, a probe and a rectangular waveguide, wherein a protrusion is arranged on the inner surface of the upper partition plate or the lower partition plate, the ridge gap is arranged in the middle of the partition plate, the probe is positioned at the tail end of the ridge gap and extends into an inner cavity of the rectangular waveguide, and the protrusion, the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate form a high-impedance surface to prevent the lateral propagation of the electromagnetic waves.

2. The vertical transmission structure for an electromagnetic wave of a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein said projection is made of a metal material.

3. The vertical transmission structure applied to an electromagnetic wave in a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein an arrangement period of the protrusions is smaller than an operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

4. The vertical transmission structure applied to an electromagnetic wave of a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein the height of the protrusion is one quarter of an operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

5. The vertical transmission structure for an electromagnetic wave of millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein the number of the protrusions is plural, and the shape thereof may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a square, a cylinder, a prism, or a triangular pyramid.

6. The vertical transmission structure applied to electromagnetic waves of a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the probe is any one of a long strip, a triangular pyramid and a cylinder.

7. The vertical transmission structure applied to an electromagnetic wave in a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular waveguide has an interface of any one of specifications of WR3 to WR90 standard interfaces.

8. The vertical transmission structure applied to an electromagnetic wave in a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein a pitch between adjacent two projections is smaller than an operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

9. The vertical transmission structure for an electromagnetic wave of a millimeter wave band according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate is smaller than an operating wavelength of a quarter of the electromagnetic wave.

10. The vertical transmission structure applied to electromagnetic waves of a millimeter wave band according to any of claims 3, 4, 8 or 9, wherein the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic waves is 0.1mm to 1000 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of communication, and particularly relates to a vertical transmission structure of millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves.

Background

In the communication field, especially in the communication fields of microwave, electromagnetic wave, millimeter wave and the like, a coaxial transmission line and a rectangular waveguide are two very common transmission lines in a microwave and millimeter wave system, and in a complex millimeter wave antenna system, multiple conversions of the two transmission structures are often required.

Coaxial lines and rectangular waveguides are generally used at frequencies below 40GHz, the problems of high processing difficulty, expensive process, large assembly tolerance, poor surface current continuity and the like exist at frequencies above 60GHz, the electrical performance of the waveguides and the coaxial waveguide adapter is poor at the frequency of 60GHz, standing waves in a frequency band reach 1.4, and the industrial requirements cannot be met.

The high-impedance surface guided wave structure which has emerged in recent years divides the guided wave structure into an upper flat metal layer and a lower flat metal layer, wherein the two sides are high-impedance surfaces which prevent the lateral propagation of electromagnetic waves, the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface and the high-impedance surfaces on the two sides can inhibit the leakage and radiation of the electromagnetic waves, a guide structure is added in the middle of the high-impedance surface structure and is used for guiding the propagation of the electromagnetic waves, the high-impedance surface guided wave structure does not need good electric contact between the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface, the processing precision is widened, the cost is effectively reduced, and based on the characteristics, the defects caused by the traditional rectangular waveguide can be completely overcome by the high-impedance surface guided wave structure in.

The patent application No. 2018111818572 of the southwest traffic university of the chinese patent applicant discloses a broadband endfire antenna based on a surface wave waveguide and a high-impedance surface, which realizes an endfire effect by utilizing the surface wave waveguide and the high-impedance surface to respectively conduct and inhibit the surface wave. However, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to which this solution is applied is limited to 10Ghz or less, and cannot be applied to a high frequency of 60 Ghz.

In practical industrial application, excitation of a microwave device is mainly completed by a standard rectangular waveguide, and the microwave device made of the current high-impedance surface guided wave structure needs the standard waveguide for excitation, and a transmission conversion structure from an excitation interface of the standard rectangular waveguide to the high-impedance surface guided wave structure is very important and necessary, so that the development of an electromagnetic wave guide structure adapting to frequencies of 60GHz and above is urgently needed in the industry, the design idea of a high-gain antenna is improved, and a scheme for improving the antenna gain, which is low in cost, good in performance and convenient for industrial popularization, is designed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a vertical transmission structure applied to millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves, and the technical scheme is as follows:

the vertical transmission structure is characterized by comprising an upper partition plate, a lower partition plate, a protrusion, a ridge gap, a probe and a rectangular waveguide, wherein the protrusion is arranged on the inner surface of the upper partition plate or the lower partition plate, the ridge gap is arranged in the middle of the partition plate, the probe is positioned at the tail end of the ridge gap and extends into the inner cavity of the rectangular waveguide, and the protrusion, the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate form a high-impedance surface to guide the electromagnetic waves to propagate along a preset direction.

Furthermore, the protrusion is made of metal material.

Further, the arrangement period of the protrusions is less than the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

Further, the height of the protrusion is one quarter of the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

Further, the probe may be in the shape of any one of a long strip, a triangular pyramid, and a cylinder.

Further, the interface of the rectangular waveguide can adopt any specification of WR3 to WR90 standard interfaces.

Further, the distance between two adjacent protrusions is smaller than the electromagnetic wave operating wavelength.

Furthermore, the distance between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate is less than one quarter of the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

Furthermore, the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is 0.1 mm-1000 mm.

By adopting the vertical transmission structure applied to the millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves, the high-impedance surface structure is formed by arranging periodically-arranged metals, the lateral propagation of the electromagnetic waves is prevented, the leakage and the radiation of the electromagnetic waves are inhibited, the guide structure is added in the middle of the high-impedance surface structure and is used for guiding the electromagnetic waves to propagate along the preset direction, the step is added at the tail end to form perturbation on the electromagnetic field, and the impedance transformation is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the structure schematic diagram of the vertical transmission structure of the invention is shown in fig. 2: another structure diagram of the vertical transmission structure of the present invention

FIG. 3: FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the vertical transfer structure

FIG. 4: the invention is applied to a transmission S parameter simulation chart of a vertical transmission structure.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and while the invention will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are not intended to limit the invention to these embodiments, but on the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a vertical transmission structure according to the present invention includes an upper spacer 101, a lower spacer 102, protrusions 103 and ridges 104, the protrusions are disposed on an inner surface of the upper spacer 101 or the lower spacer 102, a lower surface of the upper spacer 101 and an upper surface of the lower spacer 102 are coated with a metal material, and the substrates can be made of common substrate materials such as a fluororesin substrate, an LTCC substrate, an organic material, and an LCP substrate. Wherein w is the width of the electromagnetic wave cavity 104, d is the height of the protrusions 103, d is a quarter of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, a is the distance between two adjacent protrusions 103, a is less than the operating wavelength of one electromagnetic wave, h is the distance between the upper partition and the lower partition, h is less than the operating wavelength of one quarter of the electromagnetic wave, the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is 0.1mm to 1000mm, the operating wavelength is generally the standard wavelength, and in the case of filling a medium such as plastic in the interior of the waveguide, the operating wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is slightly shorter than the wavelength of air.

The protrusions 103 and the lower partition plate may be electrically connected or insulated, the protrusions 103 are made of a metal material with good conductivity, the protrusions 103 form a periodic structure, the periodic structure, together with the upper partition plate 101 and the lower partition plate 102, forms a high-impedance surface, the periodic metal structure is formed by the protrusions 103 on both sides, the high-impedance surface prevents the lateral propagation of electromagnetic waves and inhibits the leakage and radiation of the electromagnetic waves, a guide structure is added in the middle of the high-impedance surface structure to guide the propagation of the electromagnetic waves along a preset direction, and a step, such as a probe structure, is added at the end of the guide structure to form a perturbation on the electromagnetic field, thereby realizing impedance transformation.

Referring to fig. 2, another schematic structural diagram of the vertical transmission structure of the present invention is shown, where the waveguide transmission structure is composed of an upper cover plate 101, probes 202, a ridge gap 104, protrusions 103, and a rectangular waveguide 205, and referring to fig. 3, a cross-sectional diagram of the waveguide transmission structure of fig. 2 is shown, it can be seen from the diagram that a plurality of protrusions 103 form a periodic metal structure, the metal protrusions 103 are periodically arranged on the upper surface of a lower partition plate 102, the arrangement period of the protrusions 103 is less than the operating wavelength of an electromagnetic wave, the height d of the protrusions 103 is one fourth of the operating wavelength, the ridge gap 104 forms a guiding structure of the electromagnetic wave, a stepped probe 202 is arranged at the end of the ridge gap 104, the probe 202 extends into the inner cavity of the rectangular waveguide 205 to form a micro-disturbance to the electromagnetic field, so as to implement impedance transformation, and the shape of the waveguide transmission structure may be a shape suitable for excitation.

The periodic boundary formed by the protrusions 103 may be rectangular, cylindrical, cubic, ellipsoid, or other long strips, and the protrusions 103 may be rectangular, cubic, cylindrical, prismatic, or triangular pyramid. The WR15 interface of the rectangular waveguide 205 may be any standard interface of the WR3 to WR90 standards, such as the interface standards of WR12, WR18, WR22, and the aperture may be gradually changed with the specific frequency of the electromagnetic wave, and those skilled in the art are familiar with the international standard of the waveguide interface.

Referring to fig. 4, a transmission S parameter simulation diagram of a vertical transmission structure to which the present invention is applied is shown, in which a dotted line represents an input waveform of the waveguide transmission structure to which the present invention is applied, and a black solid line represents an output waveform of the waveguide transmission structure to which the present invention is applied.

By adopting the vertical transmission structure applied to the millimeter wave band electromagnetic waves, the high-impedance surface structure is formed by arranging periodically-arranged metals, the lateral propagation of the electromagnetic waves is prevented, the leakage and the radiation of the electromagnetic waves are inhibited, the guide structure is added in the middle of the high-impedance surface structure and is used for guiding the electromagnetic waves to propagate along the preset direction, the steps are added at the tail end of the ridge gap to form perturbation on the electromagnetic field and realize impedance transformation.