阅读说明：本技术 一种改良的大鼠异体静脉移植模型的建立方法 (Method for establishing improved rat allogenic vein transplantation model ) 是由 孔令泽 唐梅 李慧 贺永胜 于 2019-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改良的大鼠异体静脉移植模型的建立方法,所述方法包括以下步骤：现配麻醉剂,大鼠称重,并依据大鼠重量给予一定量的麻醉剂腹腔注射,使得大鼠麻醉；把大鼠置于温控毯并固定于手术台上,保证大鼠的躯体平直无张力,用理发器刮掉大鼠胸部毛发,通过安尔碘局部消毒；取大鼠右侧胸锁乳突肌前切口,长约3cm,切开皮肤及皮下组织,分离出大鼠上腔静脉,然后截断静脉远心端,用5000U/L肝素生理盐水冲洗静脉管腔。本发明的建立方法使得动静脉血管内壁直接接触,吻合面积较大,血管不会坏死,血管套不会和血液接触,血管桥完全是移植后的静脉血管,没有血管堵塞的风险,提高大鼠异体静脉移植成功率,更加符合临床血管移植机制。(The invention discloses a method for establishing an improved rat allogenic vein transplantation model, which comprises the following steps: the anesthetic is prepared in situ, the rat is weighed, and a certain amount of anesthetic is given for intraperitoneal injection according to the weight of the rat, so that the rat is anesthetized; placing the rat on a temperature control blanket and fixing the rat on an operating table to ensure that the body of the rat is straight and tension-free, scraping the hair of the chest of the rat by using a hair cutter, and locally sterilizing the hair by using iodine; an incision of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle of the rat is taken, the length of the incision is about 3cm, skin and subcutaneous tissues are cut, the superior vena cava of the rat is separated, the distal end of the vein is cut off, and the lumen of the vein is flushed by 5000U/L heparin normal saline. The establishing method of the invention ensures that the inner walls of arteriovenous vessels are directly contacted, the anastomotic area is larger, the vessels are not necrotic, the vascular sleeve is not contacted with blood, the vascular bridge is completely the transplanted venous vessel, the risk of vessel blockage is avoided, the success rate of rat allogeneic vein transplantation is improved, and the establishing method is more in line with the clinical blood vessel transplantation mechanism.)

1. An improved method for establishing a rat allogenic vein transplantation model is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: the anesthetic is prepared in situ, the rat is weighed, and a certain amount of anesthetic is given for intraperitoneal injection according to the weight of the rat, so that the rat is anesthetized;

s2: placing the rat on a temperature control blanket and fixing the rat on an operating table to ensure that the body of the rat is straight and tension-free, scraping the hair of the chest of the rat by using a hair cutter, and locally sterilizing the hair by using iodine;

s3: taking a front incision of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle of a rat, wherein the front incision is about 3cm long, cutting skin and subcutaneous tissues, separating out the superior vena cava of the rat, cutting off the far end of the vein, flushing the lumen of the vein by 5000U/L heparin normal saline, and immersing the vein in heparin solution for rinsing for later use;

s4: preparing a vascular sheath by using an epidural anesthesia catheter, drawing a groove at a position about 1mm away from the tail end to be ligated and fixed, and leaving 1/5 vessel wall at the other end of the vascular sheath to be clamped by a micro vascular clamp during sleeving;

s5: separating out abdominal aorta of 2cm or so and blocking blood flow, and sewing 1 7/0 pull wire auxiliary sleeve at each broken end of two sides of the blood vessel;

s6: after the transplanted vein vessel is firmly ligated and fixed, the noninvasive vascular clamp is slowly loosened to recover the blood flow of the vascular bridge, the color of the vascular bridge turns red, which indicates that the blood flow is smooth, the filling is obvious and the model is successfully prompted by pulsation;

s7: injecting 40 million U of penicillin into muscles on the day after operation, and feeding the penicillin by a conventional method;

s8: and detecting the patency of the blood vessel by adopting a blood vessel ultrasonic method after 10 days of operation.

2. The method for establishing an improved rat allogenic vein transplantation model according to claim 1, wherein: the rats in the S1 were set as SD male rats aged 8-10 weeks and weighing 150-250 g.

3. The method for establishing an improved rat allogenic vein transplantation model according to claim 1, wherein: the anesthetic setting in S1 can be 0.3% pentobarbital 2ml/100g body weight or ketamine 10mg/10Og body weight or ether inhalation anesthesia.

4. The method for establishing an improved rat allogenic vein transplantation model according to claim 1, wherein: and the temperature of the temperature control blanket in the S2 is set to be 37 ℃.

5. The method for establishing an improved rat allogenic vein transplantation model according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the vascular sleeve in the S4 is set to be 4mm-5 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of animal model establishment, in particular to an improved method for establishing a rat allogenic vein transplantation model.

Background

The blood vessel transplantation is that when the blood vessel has defect and can not be directly sutured, the commonly used operation method includes embedding the transplanted blood vessel in the blood vessel defect position, firstly suturing one end of the blood vessel to cut off redundant blood vessel, then suturing the other end of the blood vessel, the transplanted blood vessel can select autologous artery, vein, allogeneic artery and vein, or artificial blood vessel, but in the micro-vascular operation, the autologous artery and vein transplantation is most commonly used, the rat has the characteristics of fast heart rate, fast blood flow speed, uneasy formation of thromboembolism and the like, and is often used for establishing a pathophysiological model simulating the human coronary artery bypass transplantation, the existing arteriovenous short-circuit end side anastomosis method, vein free rear end anastomosis method, sequential method and the like, because of large operative wound, the vascular sleeve between the transplanted arteriovenous blood vessels forms a section of vascular bridge, which is not suitable for research mechanism, and is easy to be blocked, and the contact position of the blood vessel wall and the vascular sleeve and the position of the vascular sleeve are easy to be damaged Therefore, there is a need for an improvement in the art to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an improved method for establishing a rat allogeneic vein transplantation model, which aims to solve the problems that after the existing vein transplantation model is transplanted, a section of vascular bridge is formed between arteriovenous vessels, which is not in line with research mechanisms, and is easy to block, and vessels are easy to necrotize at the contact position of the arterial vessel wall and the vascular sleeve and at the contact position of the venous vessel wall and the vascular sleeve.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for establishing an improved rat allovein transplantation model, which comprises the following steps:

s1: the anesthetic is prepared in situ, the rat is weighed, and a certain amount of anesthetic is given for intraperitoneal injection according to the weight of the rat, so that the rat is anesthetized;

s2: placing the rat on a temperature control blanket and fixing the rat on an operating table to ensure that the body of the rat is straight and tension-free, scraping the hair of the chest of the rat by using a hair cutter, and locally sterilizing the hair by using iodine;

s3: taking a front incision of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle of a rat, wherein the front incision is about 3cm long, cutting skin and subcutaneous tissues, separating out the superior vena cava of the rat, cutting off the far end of the vein, flushing the lumen of the vein by 5000U/L heparin normal saline, and immersing the vein in heparin solution for rinsing for later use;

s4: preparing a vascular sheath by using an epidural anesthesia catheter, drawing a groove at a position about 1mm away from the tail end to be ligated and fixed, and leaving 1/5 vessel wall at the other end of the vascular sheath to be clamped by a micro vascular clamp during sleeving;

s5: separating out abdominal aorta of 2cm or so and blocking blood flow, and sewing 1 7/0 pull wire auxiliary sleeve at each broken end of two sides of the blood vessel;

s6: after the transplanted vein vessel is firmly ligated and fixed, the noninvasive vascular clamp is slowly loosened to recover the blood flow of the vascular bridge, the color of the vascular bridge turns red, which indicates that the blood flow is smooth, the filling is obvious and the model is successfully prompted by pulsation;

s7: injecting 40 million U of penicillin into muscles on the day after operation, and feeding the penicillin by a conventional method;

s8: and detecting the patency of the blood vessel by adopting a blood vessel ultrasonic method after 10 days of operation.

Preferably, the rats in S1 are set as SD male rats aged 8-10 weeks and having a weight of 150-250 g.

Preferably, the anesthetic setting in S1 is 0.3% pentobarbital 2ml/100g body weight or ketamine 10mg/10Og body weight or ether inhalation anesthesia.

Preferably, the temperature of the temperature control blanket in S2 is set to 37 ℃.

Preferably, the length of the vascular sleeve in the S4 is set to be 4mm-5 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that.

(1) The method of the invention ensures that the inner walls of arteriovenous vessels are directly contacted, the anastomotic area is larger, the vessels do not necrotize, and the success rate of rat allogeneic vein transplantation is improved.

(2) The vascular sleeve of the invention can not contact with blood, the vascular bridge is completely the vein after transplantation, has no risk of blood vessel blockage, better conforms to the clinical blood vessel transplantation mechanism, has high research value of biological models, does not need microsurgery suture in the operation, and has simple operation, short operation time and small wound.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides the following examples.