阅读说明：本技术 一种复方感冒中药组合物及其提取方法 (Compound traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cold and extraction method thereof ) 是由 梁烽焱 张�浩 李霞 谭余庆 刘丽 于海翠 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种复方感冒中药组合物及其提取方法。本发明的复方感冒中药组合物包括以下重量份的原料：黄芩350～600份、连翘400～600份、香薷400～650份、广藿香400～600份、忍冬藤700～900份、野菊花400～650份、青蒿300～600份和三叉苦400～600份。本发明改进了现有技术中全方水煎的提取方法,即本发明通过将香薷和广藿香用水蒸气蒸馏提取得到挥发油,然后用环糊精或环糊精衍生物进行包合,其余六味中药采用水煎浓缩提取,这样的设计可更有针对性地将八味中药的有效成分提取出来,既增强了药效,又达到了有效缓解上呼吸道感染症状的有益效果。(The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, and particularly relates to a compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition and an extraction method thereof. The compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-600 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 400-600 parts of fructus forsythiae, 400-650 parts of elsholtzia, 400-600 parts of pogostemon cablin, 700-900 parts of honeysuckle stem, 400-650 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 300-600 parts of sweet wormwood and 400-600 parts of evodia lepta. The invention improves the extraction method of decocting the whole formula in water in the prior art, namely the invention extracts the volatile oil from the Chinese mosla herb and the cablin potchouli herb by steam distillation, then carries out inclusion by cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives, and extracts the other six Chinese medicines by decoction in water and concentration.)

1. The compound traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cold is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-600 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 400-600 parts of fructus forsythiae, 400-650 parts of elsholtzia, 400-600 parts of pogostemon cablin, 700-900 parts of honeysuckle stem, 400-650 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 300-600 parts of sweet wormwood and 400-600 parts of evodia lepta.

2. The compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 450-550 parts of fructus forsythiae, 450-550 parts of elsholtzia, 450-550 parts of pogostemon cablin, 750-850 parts of honeysuckle stem, 500-550 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 450-520 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 450-550 parts of evodia lepta.

3. The extraction method of the compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adding water, and extracting herba Moslae and herba Agastaches by steam distillation to obtain volatile oil;

s2, clathrating the volatile oil obtained in the step S1 with cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives, drying, and pulverizing to obtain volatile oil clathrate;

s3, decocting fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle stem, wild chrysanthemum flower, sweet wormwood herb, thin evodia leaf and radix scutellariae with water to obtain decoction, filtering the decoction, and concentrating the decoction to obtain extract with the relative density of 1.10-1.14 at 50 ℃;

s4, adding ethanol into the extract obtained in the step S3, standing, filtering, concentrating to form thick paste with the relative density of 1.25-1.30 at 50 ℃, vacuum-drying at 75 ℃, and crushing to obtain concentrated powder;

s5, mixing the volatile oil inclusion compound in the step S2 and the concentrated powder in the step S4 to obtain the volatile oil inclusion compound.

4. The compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition of claim 3, wherein in step S1, the weight of the water is 5-8 times of the total weight of the herba Moslae and herba Agastaches.

5. The compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the extraction time is 3-5 h.

6. The compound traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cold as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S2, the weight ratio of the volatile oil to the cyclodextrin or the cyclodextrin derivative is 1: 10-20.

7. The compound traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cold according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the inclusion method is one of a water saturated solution method, a colloid milling method and a grinding method.

8. The compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, the number of times of water decoction is 2, 6-10 times of water is added for the first decoction, the decoction is carried out for 1-3 hours, 5-8 times of water is added for the second decoction, the decoction is carried out for 1-3 hours, the decoctions are combined, the decoction is filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated to an extract with a relative density of 1.10-1.14 at 50 ℃; in step S3, the charging sequence of the traditional Chinese medicines is as follows: decocting fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle stem, wild chrysanthemum flower, sweet wormwood herb and thin evodia leaf in water until the temperature of a water extracting solution reaches 85-95 ℃, and then adding scutellaria baicalensis.

9. The compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 3, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the extract is 6-10: 3.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, and particularly relates to a compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition and an extraction method thereof.

Background

Common cold is a common clinical disease, which occurs all the year round, especially in winter and spring, and especially in alternate seasons and sudden climate change, the incidence rate is higher. The patients with cold only show symptoms of nasal obstruction, watery nasal discharge, sneezing and the like in light patients, symptoms of high fever, headache, body pain and the like in heavy patients, and even more serious patients can cause deficiency of vital qi after cold, and diseases such as acute bronchitis, pneumonia, nasosinusitis, neuritis and the like are caused secondarily, so that the life is threatened, the work and life of the patients are seriously influenced, and the pain is brought to the patients.

At present, no specific treatment method for upper respiratory tract infection caused by virus is available in Western medicine, and symptomatic or supportive treatment is mainly adopted, and antiviral drugs such as ribavirin are commonly used in Western medicine for symptomatic treatment. The antiviral drug is easy to generate drug resistance after being taken for a long time, particularly for some people with special physique, such as children, pregnant women and old people, the antiviral drug for treating cold is easy to induce various adverse symptoms such as gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, vomiting and the like, at the moment, the traditional Chinese medicine for treating cold is safer, and can treat both symptoms and root causes.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition capable of effectively relieving upper respiratory tract infection symptoms such as cold and the like and an extraction method thereof, and the defects in the prior art are overcome by improving the extraction method and the extraction process.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-600 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 400-600 parts of fructus forsythiae, 400-650 parts of elsholtzia, 400-600 parts of pogostemon cablin, 700-900 parts of honeysuckle stem, 400-650 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 300-600 parts of sweet wormwood and 400-600 parts of evodia lepta.

Further, the compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 450-550 parts of fructus forsythiae, 450-550 parts of elsholtzia, 450-550 parts of pogostemon cablin, 750-850 parts of honeysuckle stem, 500-550 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 450-520 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 450-550 parts of evodia lepta.

Preferably, the compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 500 parts of fructus forsythiae, 500 parts of elsholtzia, 500 parts of pogostemon cablin, 833.3 parts of honeysuckle stem, 500 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 500 parts of sweet wormwood herb and 500 parts of thin evodia.

The invention also provides an extraction method of the compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition, which comprises the following steps:

s1, adding water, and extracting herba Moslae and herba Agastaches by steam distillation to obtain volatile oil;

s2, clathrating the volatile oil obtained in the step S1 with cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives, drying, and pulverizing to obtain volatile oil clathrate;

s3, decocting fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle stem, wild chrysanthemum flower, sweet wormwood herb, thin evodia leaf and radix scutellariae with water to obtain decoction, filtering the decoction, and concentrating the decoction to obtain extract with the relative density of 1.10-1.14 at 50 ℃;

s4, adding ethanol into the extract obtained in the step S3, standing, filtering, concentrating to form thick paste with the relative density of 1.25-1.30 at 50 ℃, drying, and crushing to obtain concentrated powder;

s5, mixing the volatile oil inclusion compound in the step S2 and the concentrated powder in the step S4 to obtain the volatile oil inclusion compound.

Further, in step S1, the weight of the water is 5 to 8 times of the weight of the elsholtzia and the patchouli.

Preferably, in step S1, the weight of water is 6 times of the weight of the elsholtzia and pogostemon cablin.

Further, in step S1, the extraction time is 3-5 h.

Preferably, in step S1, the extraction time is 4 h.

Further, in step S2, the weight ratio of the volatile oil to the cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivative is 1: 10-20.

Preferably, in step S2, the weight ratio of the volatile oil and the cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivative is 1: 16.

Further, the cyclodextrin is one of alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin and gamma-cyclodextrin.

Further, the cyclodextrin derivative can be one or more of carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, glucosyl-beta-cyclodextrin and hydroxyethyl-beta-cyclodextrin.

Further, the inclusion method in step S2 is one of a water-saturated solution method, a colloid mill method, and a grinding method.

The water saturated solution method comprises weighing 8 times of beta-cyclodextrin, adding 80 times of water, heating to dissolve until the beta-cyclodextrin is clear, adding 4.0g of volatile oil under stirring, magnetically stirring at 45-55 ℃ for 2h (rotation speed of 750 r.min < -1 >), cooling to room temperature, refrigerating overnight, filtering, taking precipitate, and drying in an oven at 45 ℃ for 4h to obtain the clathrate.

Colloid milling method: weighing 8 times of beta-cyclodextrin, adding 32 times of water, mixing, adding volatile oil, slowly adding into a colloid mill while stirring, refrigerating overnight, centrifuging, collecting clathrate, and oven drying at 45 deg.C for 4 hr.

The grinding method comprises weighing beta-cyclodextrin 6 times, adding volatile oil 4.0g, grinding, mixing, drying in the shade, grinding and pulverizing.

Further, in step S3, the number of times of water adding and decocting is 2, 6-10 times of water is added in the first time of decoction, the decoction is carried out for 1-3 hours, 5-8 times of water is added in the second time of decoction, the decoction is carried out for 1-3 hours, the decoction solutions are combined, the decoction solution is filtered and concentrated to an extract with the relative density of 1.10-1.14 at 50 ℃; in step S3, the charging sequence of the traditional Chinese medicines is as follows: decocting fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle stem, wild chrysanthemum flower, sweet wormwood herb and thin evodia leaf in water until the temperature of a water extracting solution reaches 85-95 ℃, and then adding scutellaria baicalensis.

Preferably, in step S3, the number of times of decocting with water is 2, 8 times of water is added for the first time of decoction, and 1.5 hours of decoction is performed, 6 times of water is added for the second time of decoction, and 1.5 hours of decoction is performed, the decoctions are combined, filtered, and concentrated to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.10-1.14 at 50 ℃; in step S3, the charging sequence of the traditional Chinese medicines is as follows: decocting fructus forsythiae, caulis Lonicerae, flos Chrysanthemi Indici, herba Artemisiae Annuae, and thin Evodia in water, adding Scutellariae radix when the water extractive solution reaches 90 deg.C.

Further, in step S4, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the extract is 6-10: 3.

Preferably, in step S4, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the extract is 7: 3.

Preferably, in step S4, ethanol is added to the extract in step S3, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the extract is 7:3, the mixture is left standing for 2 hours, filtered and concentrated to a thick paste with the relative density of 1.25-1.30 at 50 ℃, and the thick paste is dried in vacuum at 75 ℃ and crushed to obtain concentrated powder.

Scutellaria baicalensis: the product is prepared from plants of Scutellaria of Labiatae; bitter and cold; it enters lung, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, large intestine and small intestine meridians; has effects in clearing away heat, eliminating dampness, purging pathogenic fire, removing toxic substances, stopping bleeding, and preventing miscarriage; it can be used for treating chest distress, emesis, dysentery, jaundice, cough due to lung heat, hyperpyrexia, polydipsia, hematemesis, carbuncle, swelling, sore, and threatened abortion.

Fructus forsythiae: the product is fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl) belonging to the family Oleaceae; bitter and slightly cold; it enters lung, heart and gallbladder meridians; has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating carbuncle and resolving hard mass, and can be used for treating affection of exogenous wind-heat, fever due to epidemic febrile disease, pyocutaneous disease, swelling and pain, and lymphoid tuberculosis.

Herba Moslae: the product is prepared from plants of Elsholtzia of Labiatae; pungent taste and slightly warm nature; entering lung and stomach meridians; has effects of inducing sweat, relieving exterior syndrome, eliminating dampness, regulating the middle warmer, inducing diuresis, and relieving edema, and can be used for treating summer-heat and dampness exterior syndrome, edema and dysuresia.

Patchouli: the product is Labiatae plant, perennial upright plant of herbaceous plant; pungent and mild-warm; spleen, stomach and lung meridians entered; has the effects of eliminating turbid pathogen with aromatics, regulating the middle warmer, relieving vomit, relieving exterior syndrome, and relieving summer-heat; it can be used for treating damp obstruction in middle warmer, abdominal distention, emesis, summer-heat dampness syndrome, early stage of damp-warm syndrome, fever, listlessness, chest distress, cold-dampness, summer-heat, abdominal pain, emesis, diarrhea, nasosinusitis, headache, etc.

Honeysuckle stem: the product is a plant belonging to Caprifoliaceae of Rubiales; sweet and cold; entering heart and lung meridians; has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, and dredging collaterals; it is mainly used for treating fever due to epidemic febrile disease, dysentery with bloody stool due to heat toxin, infectious hepatitis, carbuncle, swelling, sore, and arthralgia and myalgia.

Wild chrysanthemum flower: the product is perennial herb of Compositae; bitter, pungent and slightly cold; entering liver and heart meridians; has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, purging pathogenic fire, and calming liver; it can be used for treating furuncle, carbuncle, swelling, conjunctival congestion, swelling and pain, headache, and vertigo.

Sweet wormwood herb: the product is dried aerial part of Artemisia annua L of Compositae; bitter, pungent and cold; it enters liver and gallbladder meridians; has effects in clearing away summer-heat, removing steam, and preventing malaria; can be used for treating fever due to summer-heat, fever due to yin deficiency, night fever with early coolness, malaria with cold and heat, damp-heat jaundice, etc.

Bitter taste in trigeminal: the product is Rutaceae plant; bitter taste and cold nature; the Chinese medicinal composition has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, dispelling pathogenic wind, and removing dampness; can be used for treating swelling and pain of throat, rheumatalgia, malaria, jaundice, eczema, dermatitis, traumatic injury, insect bite, snake bite, etc.

The applicant discovers that main chemical components in the sweet wormwood comprise flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, various volatile oils, coumarins scopoletin and the like through component analysis of eight traditional Chinese medicines, wherein most of the chemical components in the sweet wormwood extract are fat-soluble, and the applicant unexpectedly discovers that the effect of the water-soluble components in the sweet wormwood extract on the upper respiratory infection symptoms is more remarkable than that of the fat-soluble components in the test process. By classifying the eight traditional Chinese medicines, the volatile oil extracted from the elsholtzia and the patchouli is included by cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives, so that the effective components acting on the upper respiratory tract infection in the elsholtzia and the patchouli can be better reserved. In addition, the scutellaria baicalensis contains baicalase, which can carry out enzymolysis on the baicalin at a certain temperature and humidity to form unstable o-trihydroxyflavone which is easily oxidized to become a green quinone derivative to influence the extraction of the baicalin content, so that in the six-ingredient water-decocted traditional Chinese medicine, the scutellaria baicalensis is taken as a later ingredient, and the forsythia, the honeysuckle stem, the wild chrysanthemum, the sweet wormwood and the thin evodia are decocted by adding water until the water extract reaches 90 ℃, and then the baicalin can be better extracted.

Therefore, compared with the prior art, the extraction method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the volatile oil extracted from the elsholtzia and the patchouli is included by the cyclodextrin or the cyclodextrin derivative, so that the method abandons the direct extraction by a steam extraction method in the traditional process, better preserves the active ingredients of the extracts of the elsholtzia and the patchouli acting on the upper respiratory tract infection, and is beneficial to enhancing the integral efficacy of the compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition.

(2) The invention extracts the water-soluble components in the six medicines of forsythia, honeysuckle stem, wild chrysanthemum, sweet wormwood, thin evodia and scutellaria better by steam distillation. The water extracts of the five medicines are effective to the upper respiratory tract infection as can be obtained by mouse pneumonia model data caused by the infection of H1N1 influenza virus (FM1/PR8 strain). Aiming at the property difference of different traditional Chinese medicines, the invention obtains the compound cold traditional Chinese medicine composition capable of effectively relieving the upper respiratory tract infection by improving the extraction process of the traditional Chinese medicines.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following description of specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the invention, and various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art based on the basic idea of the invention, but within the scope of the invention, without departing from the basic idea of the invention.