阅读说明：本技术 一种改进猴头菌生长的方法 (Method for improving growth of hericium erinaceus ) 是由 张瑞颖 段应策 胡姿仪 刘梅 严梦瑶 姬彧 于 2019-11-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改进猴头菌生长的方法。本发明首先公开了一种猴头菌的培养基,它包括用于培养猴头菌的培养基的原料和乙酸钙制成或所述用于培养猴头菌的培养基中直接添加所述乙酸钙制成。本发明一种改进猴头菌生长的方法,包括如下步骤：采用所述猴头菌的培养基培养猴头菌或在所述用于培养猴头菌的培养基直接添加所述乙酸钙培养猴头菌,以改进猴头菌的生长。本发明培养基中添加乙酸钙后,猴头菌的生长速度、长势、浓密程度和均一性等性状显著提高,并且不产色素。本发明培养基制备时不需要对酸度进行繁琐的调节,能适于大量制备培养基并用于培养猴头菌；且乙酸钙适用的浓度范围大,培养猴头菌方法操作简单,在工业生产上应用方便,易于推广。(The invention discloses a method for improving the growth of hericium erinaceus. The invention firstly discloses a culture medium for hericium erinaceus, which comprises raw materials of the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus and calcium acetate or is prepared by directly adding the calcium acetate into the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus. The invention relates to a method for improving the growth of hericium erinaceus, which comprises the following steps: the hericium erinaceus is cultured by adopting the hericium erinaceus culture medium or the calcium acetate is directly added into the hericium erinaceus culture medium to culture the hericium erinaceus so as to improve the growth of the hericium erinaceus. After the culture medium is added with calcium acetate, the properties of the hericium erinaceus such as growth speed, growth vigor, concentration degree and uniformity are obviously improved, and no pigment is produced. The culture medium does not need to be subjected to complicated adjustment on acidity during preparation, and can be suitable for preparing a large amount of culture medium and culturing hericium erinaceus; and the applicable concentration range of calcium acetate is large, the method for culturing the hericium erinaceus is simple to operate, convenient to apply in industrial production and easy to popularize.)

1. The culture medium for the hericium erinaceus is characterized by comprising raw materials of the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus and calcium acetate or being prepared by directly adding the calcium acetate into the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus.

2. The culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium for culturing hericium erinaceus comprises a solid medium and a liquid medium;

the solid culture medium is at least one of potato glucose agar culture medium, potato sucrose agar culture medium, peptone glucose agar culture medium, malt extract agar culture medium and peptone glucose yeast powder culture medium;

the liquid culture medium is at least one of potato glucose base, corn meal and soybean meal culture medium, potato sucrose culture medium and malt extract culture medium.

3. The culture medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium acetate added to the culture medium of the hericium erinaceus is 0.5-20.0 g/L.

4. The culture medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus is a potato dextrose agar culture medium, the culture medium for the hericium erinaceus is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:

200 parts of potatoes; 20 parts of glucose; 1 part of calcium acetate; 20 parts of agar; 1000 parts of water.

5. A method of preparing a culture medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: the calcium acetate is mixed with the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus or the raw materials of the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus to prepare the culture medium for the hericium erinaceus.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein when the medium for culturing Hericium erinaceus is potato dextrose agar, the method comprises the steps of:

1) peeling rhizoma Solani Tuber osi, decocting in water, and filtering to obtain filtrate;

2) dissolving: mixing the filtrate with glucose, the substance containing acetate ions and agar, heating for dissolving, and supplementing water to a constant volume to obtain a culture medium mixture;

3) and (3) sterilization: and (3) carrying out high-pressure sterilization on the culture medium mixture to obtain the culture medium of the hericium erinaceus.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein step 3) is preceded by the step of dispensing: subpackaging the culture medium mixture obtained in the step 2) into triangular flasks while the culture medium mixture is hot;

the autoclaving condition is sterilization at 121 ℃ for 20 min;

step 3) further comprises the step of pouring the autoclaved medium into a dish while the medium is hot.

8. Use of the medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in any one of the following 1) to 3):

1) preparing strains in the cultivation process of the hericium erinaceus;

2) preserving hericium erinaceus strains;

3) in the fermentation industry, liquid fermentation of hericium erinaceus strains occurs.

9. A method for culturing Hericium erinaceus comprises the following steps: inoculating Hericium erinaceus strain with the culture medium of Hericium erinaceus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and culturing.

10. A method for improving the growth of Hericium erinaceus, comprising the steps of: culturing Hericium erinaceus by using the culture medium for Hericium erinaceus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or culturing Hericium erinaceus by directly adding the calcium acetate to the culture medium for Hericium erinaceus to improve the growth of Hericium erinaceus.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for improving the growth of hericium erinaceus, and belongs to the field of hericium erinaceus cultivation and fermentation.

Background

Hericium erinaceus (Hericium erinaceus) belongs to Hericium of Hymenomycetes of Basidiomycota, Aphyllophorales, and is a famous edible and medicinal fungus in China. Currently, fruiting bodies (hericium erinaceus) are mainly produced by cultivation methods, and mycelia, polysaccharides and various metabolites are produced by liquid fermentation technology. In both cultivation and liquid fermentation, the culture medium is the key factor determining the quality of the strain and the fermentation yield.

At present, a potato glucose agar culture medium (PDA culture medium for short, prepared by 200g of potatoes, 20g of glucose, 20g of agar and 1000ml of water) is mainly used for culturing and preserving hericium erinaceus strains, and the hericium erinaceus grows slowly on the PDA culture medium, has sparse hyphae, uneven bacterial colonies and weak growth vigor and produces pigments. The liquid fermentation mainly uses glucose, corn flour, peptone, soybean flour, KH₂PO₄Magnesium sulfate, etc. as main raw materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for improving the growth of hericium erinaceus, which improves the strain quality and the fermentation yield by adding calcium acetate into a culture medium.

The culture medium for the hericium erinaceus provided by the invention comprises raw materials of the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus and calcium acetate or is prepared by directly adding the calcium acetate into the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus.

In the culture medium, the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus comprises a solid culture medium and a liquid culture medium;

the solid culture medium is at least one of potato glucose agar culture medium, potato sucrose agar culture medium, peptone glucose agar culture medium, malt extract agar culture medium and peptone glucose yeast powder culture medium;

the liquid culture medium is at least one of potato glucose base, corn meal and soybean meal culture medium, potato sucrose culture medium and malt extract culture medium.

In the culture medium, the mass concentration of the calcium acetate added into the culture medium of the hericium erinaceus is specifically 0.5-20.0 g/L; specifically, the mass concentration of the calcium acetate is calculated by the mass of calcium acetate monohydrate, and 1g/L of calcium acetate is preferred, so that the growth of hericium erinaceus hyphae can be remarkably promoted.

In the culture medium, when the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus is a potato dextrose agar culture medium, the culture medium for the hericium erinaceus is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:

200 parts of potatoes; 20 parts of glucose; 1 part of calcium acetate; 20 parts of agar; 1000 parts of water.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the culture medium, which comprises the following steps: the calcium acetate is mixed with the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus or the raw materials of the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus to prepare the culture medium for the hericium erinaceus.

In the preparation method of the culture medium, when the culture medium for culturing the hericium erinaceus is a potato dextrose agar culture medium, the method comprises the following steps: 1) peeling rhizoma Solani Tuber osi, decocting in water, and filtering to obtain filtrate;

2) dissolving: mixing the filtrate with glucose, calcium acetate and agar, heating for dissolving, and supplementing water to a constant volume to obtain a culture medium mixture;

3) and (3) sterilization: and (3) carrying out high-pressure sterilization on the culture medium mixture to obtain the culture medium of the hericium erinaceus.

In the above preparation method, the step 3) is preceded by a step of split charging: subpackaging the culture medium mixture obtained in the step 2) into triangular flasks while the culture medium mixture is hot;

the autoclaving condition can be specifically sterilization at 121 ℃ for 20 min;

step 3) further comprises the step of pouring the autoclaved medium into a dish while the medium is hot.

The use of the medium of the present invention in any one of the following 1) to 3):

1) preparing strains in the cultivation process of the hericium erinaceus;

2) preserving hericium erinaceus strains;

3) in the fermentation industry, liquid fermentation of hericium erinaceus strains occurs.

The invention further provides a hericium erinaceus culture method, which comprises the following steps: and inoculating hericium erinaceus strains by using the culture medium of the hericium erinaceus and culturing.

The invention further provides a method for improving the growth of hericium erinaceus, which comprises the following steps: the hericium erinaceus is cultured by adopting the hericium erinaceus culture medium or the calcium acetate is directly added into the hericium erinaceus culture medium to culture the hericium erinaceus so as to improve the growth of the hericium erinaceus.

In the present invention, the method for inoculating the hericium erinaceus strain and culturing may be a conventional method known in the art.

The invention has the following advantages:

after the culture medium is added with calcium acetate, the properties of the hericium erinaceus such as growth speed, growth vigor, concentration degree and uniformity are obviously improved, and no pigment is produced. The culture medium does not need to be subjected to complicated adjustment on acidity during preparation, and can be suitable for preparing a large amount of culture medium and culturing hericium erinaceus; and the applicable concentration range of calcium acetate is large, the method for culturing the hericium erinaceus is simple to operate, convenient to apply in industrial production and easy to popularize.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the culture of Hericium erinaceus, wherein FIG. 1(A) is a photograph showing the culture at 25 ℃ for 9 days in PDA medium without calcium acetate addition), and FIG. 1(B) is a photograph showing the culture at 25 ℃ for 9 days in PDA medium with calcium acetate addition.

FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the culture of Hericium erinaceus, wherein FIG. 2(A) is a photograph showing the culture at 25 ℃ for 9 days in PDA medium without calcium acetate addition), and FIG. 2(B) is a photograph showing the culture at 25 ℃ for 9 days in PDA medium with calcium acetate addition.

Detailed Description

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.