阅读说明：本技术 一种新型沥青降膜冷却器及其受液成膜方法 (Novel asphalt falling film cooler and liquid-receiving film-forming method thereof ) 是由 杨雪松 于 2019-11-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种新型沥青降膜冷却器及其受液成膜方法,所述降膜冷却器中降液管的上端延伸到上管板的上方,降液管的上端设向上扩大的喇叭口；所述降液管的上方设液膜厚度调节管,液膜厚度调节管与降液管一一对应设置,液膜厚度调节管的下端伸入喇叭口中一段距离,伸入段与喇叭口之间形成环形缝隙,该环形缝隙为沥青流入降液管的通道；液膜厚度调节管的高度能够调节,其高度调节后环形缝隙的宽度随之改变。本发明通过对沥青降膜冷却器的受液成膜方式进行改进,解决了沥青降膜冷却器安装难度大和操作弹性范围窄给工艺设计和操作所带来的难题,使工艺系统更加简化,并且保证系统长久、顺畅的运转。(The invention relates to a novel asphalt falling film cooler and a liquid-receiving film-forming method thereof, wherein the upper end of a downcomer in the falling film cooler extends to the upper part of an upper tube plate, and the upper end of the downcomer is provided with an upward-expanding bell mouth; liquid film thickness adjusting pipes are arranged above the downcomer and are in one-to-one correspondence with the downcomer, the lower ends of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes extend into the bell mouths for a distance, and annular gaps are formed between the extending sections and the bell mouths and are channels for asphalt to flow into the downcomer; the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe can be adjusted, and the width of the annular gap is changed after the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe is adjusted. The invention solves the problems of process design and operation caused by large installation difficulty and narrow operation elasticity range of the asphalt falling film cooler by improving the liquid-receiving film-forming mode of the asphalt falling film cooler, simplifies the process system and ensures the long-term and smooth operation of the system.)

1. A novel asphalt falling film cooler comprises a falling film cooler, wherein the falling film cooler consists of a liquid-liquid heat exchanger of a falling liquid pipe arranged at the upper part and an asphalt storage tank arranged at the lower part; a plurality of downcomers are vertically arranged in the downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and two ends of each downcomer are fixed through an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate respectively; the upper end of the downcomer extends to the upper part of the upper tube plate, and the upper end of the downcomer is provided with an upward-expanding bell mouth; liquid film thickness adjusting pipes are arranged above the downcomer and are in one-to-one correspondence with the downcomer, the lower ends of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes extend into the bell mouths for a distance, and annular gaps are formed between the extending sections and the bell mouths and are channels for asphalt to flow into the downcomer; the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe can be adjusted, and the width of the annular gap is changed after the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe is adjusted.

2. The novel asphalt falling film cooler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged fixing plate, a plurality of fixing brackets are circumferentially arranged in the barrel of the downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger, the fixing plate is connected with the fixing brackets through guide bolts, a gap is left at the joint of the fixing plate and the fixing brackets, so that the fixing plate can move along with the asphalt liquid level in the gap range when the asphalt liquid level fluctuates, and the two ends of the guide bolts are respectively locked through nuts.

3. The novel asphalt falling film cooler according to claim 1, wherein the downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger is divided into a plurality of areas along the horizontal direction, and the downcomer corresponding to each area extends out of the upper tube plate at different distances, namely, the height difference is formed between the upper edges of the bell mouths of the downcomers in different areas; the lengths of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes in different areas are matched with the height of the bell mouth of the downcomer in the corresponding area.

4. A new asphalt falling film cooler according to claim 2, wherein a gap is left between the outer edge of the fixed plate and the inner wall of the cylinder of the downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger.

5. The new asphalt falling film cooler according to claim 2, wherein the top end of the liquid film thickness adjusting tube passes through the fixed plate, and the upper surface of the liquid film thickness adjusting tube is flush with the upper surface of the fixed plate.

6. A liquid-receiving film-forming method of a novel asphalt falling film cooler is based on the novel asphalt falling film cooler in any one of claims 1-5; it is characterized by comprising:

the hot asphalt is uniformly distributed on the upper tube plate through the asphalt distribution tube and passes through the annular gap between the bell mouth of the downcomer and the liquid film thickness adjusting tube in a full flow mode to form uniform liquid films which enter each downcomer and flow downwards along the downcomer;

dividing the downcomer into a plurality of regions, wherein the heights of the upper edges of bell mouths corresponding to the downcomers in each region are different, asphalt flows down through the downcomer in the region with the lower height of the upper edge of the bell mouth, and when the asphalt treatment capacity of the region cannot meet the requirement, the full flow liquid level of the asphalt is increased, and the downcomers in the regions with the higher heights of the upper edges of the bell mouths are sequentially and automatically put into operation;

when the asphalt treatment capacity can not meet the requirement after all the downcomers in all the areas are put into operation, gradually moving the asphalt liquid surface upwards until the whole liquid receiving cavity is filled with the asphalt liquid, and moving the fixing plate upwards along with the asphalt liquid surface to drive the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe to move upwards so as to increase the width of the annular gap until the asphalt treatment capacity meets the requirement; when the fixed plate moves upwards, the asphalt in the gap at the outer side of the fixed plate flows onto the fixed plate and then flows into the downcomer along the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of asphalt production and deep processing, in particular to a novel asphalt falling film cooler and a liquid-receiving film-forming method thereof.

Background

About 50 to 60 percent of medium temperature pitch is generally generated in the coal tar processing process, belongs to a bulk product of tar processing, and modified pitch is a main downstream product of the current medium temperature pitch and is mainly used for producing prebaked anodes in the electrolytic aluminum industry and preparing battery rods or electrode binders.

The medium temperature asphalt and modified asphalt products produced in China can be liquid asphalt loaded by liquid or solid asphalt prepared by an asphalt solidification cooling forming process, but regardless of the form, the produced hot asphalt (medium temperature asphalt or modified asphalt) needs to be cooled to medium temperature liquid asphalt suitable for storage or low temperature liquid asphalt for solidification forming.

The medium temperature pitch produced by the tar distillation device and the modified pitch produced by the medium temperature pitch through a kettle type heating method at present basically adopt an pitch falling film cooler as cooling equipment, and the cooling process comprises the following steps: the hot asphalt is sent to a falling film cooler before being sent to an asphalt storage tank or an asphalt forming device, and then is subjected to heat exchange with steam condensate in the falling film cooler to reach the required temperature, and then is sent to the asphalt storage tank or a nozzle of the asphalt forming device under the pressure of nitrogen. The specific process is as follows: the asphalt falling film cooler used at present is provided with a liquid-liquid heat exchanger of a liquid-falling pipe at the upper part and an asphalt storage tank at the lower part, the downcomer of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger of the liquid-falling pipe at the upper part is fixed by an upper fixed tube plate and a lower tube plate, hot asphalt is uniformly distributed on the upper fixed tube plate through an asphalt distribution pipe and enters each downcomer in a full flow mode, a uniform liquid film is formed in the downcomer and flows downwards, and the hot asphalt is collected into the asphalt storage tank at the lower part after reaching the required temperature through heat exchange with a steam condensate of a shell pass; the asphalt storage tank is kept at a certain liquid level, then the asphalt storage tank or a nozzle of an asphalt forming device is pumped to the asphalt storage tank or the nozzle of the asphalt forming device through nitrogen back pressure, and vaporized steam condensate is cooled by circulating cooling water in a steam condenser and then is returned to a falling film cooler through a condensate water tank by a pump.

The asphalt falling film cooler is used as cooling equipment, and although the heat exchange effect is very good, some unexpected problems are exposed in the actual use process and are difficult to overcome; firstly, the levelness requirement on the installation of an upper tube plate of a falling film cooler is very high, and a slightly inclined downcomer can generate bias flow to form an uneven liquid film, so that the heat exchange effect is very poor; secondly, the operational flexibility of the tar distillation device is 60-120%, when the flow rate of asphalt treated by the asphalt falling film cooler is reduced to about 80% of the normal flow rate, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced sharply, when the asphalt flows to the downcomer in a full state, if the flow rate does not meet the requirement, a uniform liquid film cannot be formed in the downcomer, even bias flow is generated, and the purpose of heat exchange cannot be achieved, namely the requirement of the lower limit of 60% of the design operational flexibility cannot be achieved at all, even 80% cannot be achieved; in order to achieve the requirement of 120% upper limit of the operation flexibility, the design throughput is generally large, so that the lower limit of the operation flexibility is more difficult to meet the requirement.

About 50% -60% of medium-temperature asphalt is generated in the coal tar processing process, the medium-temperature asphalt belongs to a bulk product of tar processing, the larger the processing scale is, the more the asphalt yield is, the modified asphalt is a main downstream product of the existing asphalt, in addition, the asphalt coke, needle coke and the like are also downstream products of the medium-temperature asphalt, if the products are processed simultaneously, the range of the requirement on the operation elasticity of asphalt cooling equipment is wider and wider, the treatment capacity is not limited to 60-120% of the design scale, the asphalt falling film cooler with the existing structure can not meet the requirement at all, the problem can be solved only by a combination mode of a plurality of asphalt falling film coolers, and thus, a large amount of occupied land is wasted, and the investment cost is increased greatly.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a novel asphalt falling film cooler and a liquid-receiving film-forming method thereof, which improve the liquid-receiving film-forming mode of the asphalt falling film cooler, and liquid asphalt enters a downcomer in a full-flow and forced film-forming mode after being sent to an upper tube plate, so that the situation that the liquid asphalt is deflected and does not form a film due to poor levelness of the upper tube plate or flow reduction is avoided, the problems of process design and operation caused by high installation difficulty and narrow operation elasticity range of the asphalt falling film cooler are solved, a process system is simplified, and the long-term and smooth operation of the system is ensured.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a novel asphalt falling film cooler comprises a falling film cooler, wherein the falling film cooler consists of a liquid-liquid heat exchanger of a falling liquid pipe arranged at the upper part and an asphalt storage tank arranged at the lower part; a plurality of downcomers are vertically arranged in the downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and two ends of each downcomer are fixed through an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate respectively; the upper end of the downcomer extends to the upper part of the upper tube plate, and the upper end of the downcomer is provided with an upward-expanding bell mouth; liquid film thickness adjusting pipes are arranged above the downcomer and are in one-to-one correspondence with the downcomer, the lower ends of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes extend into the bell mouths for a distance, and annular gaps are formed between the extending sections and the bell mouths and are channels for asphalt to flow into the downcomer; the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe can be adjusted, and the width of the annular gap is changed after the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe is adjusted.

The upper end of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged fixed plate, a plurality of fixed supports are arranged in the barrel of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger of the liquid descending pipe along the circumferential direction, the fixed plate is connected with the fixed supports through guide bolts, gaps are reserved at the joints of the fixed plate and the fixed supports, the fixed plate can move along with the fixed plate in the gap range when the liquid level of asphalt fluctuates, and two ends of each guide bolt are locked through nuts.

The downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger is divided into a plurality of areas along the horizontal direction, and the distances from the downcomer corresponding to each area to the upper tube plate are different, namely, the heights of the upper edges of bell mouths of the downcomers in different areas have height differences; the lengths of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes in different areas are matched with the height of the bell mouth of the downcomer in the corresponding area.

And a gap is reserved between the outer side edge of the fixed plate and the inner wall of the barrel of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger of the down-flow pipe.

The top end of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe penetrates through the fixing plate, and the upper surface of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe is flush with the upper surface of the fixing plate.

A liquid-receiving film-forming method of a novel asphalt falling film cooler comprises the following steps:

the hot asphalt is uniformly distributed on the upper tube plate through the asphalt distribution tube and passes through the annular gap between the bell mouth of the downcomer and the liquid film thickness adjusting tube in a full flow mode to form uniform liquid films which enter each downcomer and flow downwards along the downcomer;

dividing the downcomer into a plurality of regions, wherein the heights of the upper edges of bell mouths corresponding to the downcomers in each region are different, asphalt flows down through the downcomer in the region with the lower height of the upper edge of the bell mouth, and when the asphalt treatment capacity of the region cannot meet the requirement, the full flow liquid level of the asphalt is increased, and the downcomers in the regions with the higher heights of the upper edges of the bell mouths are sequentially and automatically put into operation;

when the asphalt treatment capacity can not meet the requirement after all the downcomers in all the areas are put into operation, gradually moving the asphalt liquid surface upwards until the whole liquid receiving cavity is filled with the asphalt liquid, and moving the fixing plate upwards along with the asphalt liquid surface to drive the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe to move upwards so as to increase the width of the annular gap until the asphalt treatment capacity meets the requirement; when the fixed plate moves upwards, the asphalt in the gap at the outer side of the fixed plate flows onto the fixed plate and then flows into the downcomer along the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the liquid-receiving film-forming mode of the existing asphalt falling film cooler is improved, after liquid asphalt is distributed to the upper tube plate, the liquid asphalt enters the downcomer in a full-flow and forced film-forming mode, the situation that the liquid asphalt is deflected and does not form a film due to poor levelness of the upper tube plate is avoided, and the problem that construction difficulty is increased due to high requirement on installation levelness of the existing asphalt falling film cooler is solved.

2) The downcomer is divided into a plurality of areas, the bell mouth elevation of each area downcomer is provided with a certain elevation difference, when the treatment capacity of the downcomer with low elevation cannot meet the requirement, the full asphalt liquid level is increased, and the downcomers with high elevation are sequentially and automatically put into operation, so that the defect that the operation elasticity of the existing asphalt falling film cooler is too narrow is solved, the problem of operation elasticity can be solved only by adopting the combined design of a plurality of asphalt falling film coolers, the design is simplified, the occupied area of equipment is saved, and the investment and the operation cost of the equipment are saved.

3) When the asphalt treatment capacity can not meet the requirement after all the downcomers are put into operation, the asphalt liquid surface gradually moves upwards until the whole liquid receiving cavity is filled with asphalt, at the moment, the fixed plate is pressed to move upwards to drive the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe to move upwards, the film forming thickness is increased until the required treatment capacity is reached through widening of the annular gap, and the operation elasticity range is obviously improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel asphalt falling film cooler of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. falling film cooler 2, asphalt inlet pipe 3, downcomer 4, bell mouth 5, liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 6, fixing support 7, guide bolt 8, fixing plate 9, upper pipe plate 10, lower pipe plate 11, asphalt outlet pipe 12, steam condenser 13, condensate water tank 14 and condensate water pump

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the novel asphalt falling film cooler of the present invention comprises a falling film cooler 1, wherein the falling film cooler 1 is composed of a liquid-liquid heat exchanger of a downcomer arranged at the upper part and an asphalt storage tank arranged at the lower part; a plurality of downcomers 3 are vertically arranged in the downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and two ends of each downcomer 3 are fixed through an upper tube plate 9 and a lower tube plate 10 respectively; the upper end of the downcomer 3 extends to the upper part of the upper tube plate 9, and the upper end of the downcomer 3 is provided with an upward-expanding bell mouth 4; a liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 is arranged above the downcomer 3, the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes 5 and the downcomer 3 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the lower end of each liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 extends into the bell mouth 4 for a certain distance, an annular gap is formed between each extending section and the bell mouth 4, and the annular gap is a channel for asphalt to flow into the downcomer 3; the height of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 can be adjusted, and the width of the annular gap is changed after the height is adjusted.

The upper end of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged fixed plate 8, a plurality of fixed supports 6 are arranged in the barrel of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger of the liquid descending pipe along the circumferential direction, the fixed plate 8 is connected with the fixed supports 6 through guide bolts 7, gaps are reserved at the joints of the fixed plate 8 and the fixed supports 6, the fixed plate 8 can move along with the fixed plate in the gap range when the liquid level of the asphalt fluctuates, and two ends of the guide bolts 7 are locked through nuts respectively.

The downcomer liquid-liquid heat exchanger is divided into a plurality of areas along the horizontal direction, and the distances from the downcomer 3 corresponding to each area to the upper tube plate 9 are different, namely, the heights of the upper edges of bell mouths 4 of the downcomers 3 in different areas have height differences; the lengths of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipes 5 in different areas are matched with the height of the bell mouth 4 of the down-flow pipe 3 in the corresponding area.

And a gap is reserved between the outer side edge of the fixed plate 8 and the inner wall of the barrel of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger of the down-flow pipe.

The top end of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 penetrates through the fixing plate 8, and the upper surface of the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 is flush with the upper surface of the fixing plate 8.

A liquid-receiving film-forming method of a novel asphalt falling film cooler comprises the following steps:

the hot asphalt is uniformly distributed on the upper tube plate 9 through the asphalt distribution tube, and passes through an annular gap between the bell mouth 4 of the downcomer 3 and the liquid film thickness adjusting tube 5 in a full flow mode to form uniform liquid films which enter each downcomer 3 and flow downwards along the downcomer 3;

dividing the downcomer 3 into a plurality of regions, wherein the heights of the upper edges of bell mouths 4 corresponding to the downcomers 3 in each region are different, asphalt firstly flows down through the downcomer 3 in the region with lower height of the upper edge of the bell mouth 4, when the asphalt treatment capacity of the region can not meet the requirement, the full flow liquid level of the asphalt is increased, and the downcomers 3 in the region with higher height of the upper edge of the bell mouth 4 are sequentially and automatically put into operation;

when the asphalt treatment capacity can not meet the requirement after all the downcomers 3 in all the areas are put into operation, the asphalt liquid surface gradually moves upwards until the whole liquid receiving cavity is filled with the asphalt liquid, and the fixing plate 8 moves upwards along with the asphalt liquid surface to drive the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5 to move upwards so as to increase the width of the annular gap until the asphalt treatment capacity meets the requirement; when the fixed plate 8 moves upward, the asphalt in the gap outside the fixed plate 8 flows onto the fixed plate 8 and then flows into the downcomer 3 along the liquid film thickness adjusting pipe 5.

The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.