Double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter
阅读说明：本技术 一种双棘轮式电梯限速器 (Double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter ) 是由 王庆阳 高梦迪 宋志斌 楚庆庆 蔡晓红 于 2019-10-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及电梯技术领域,具体涉及一种双棘轮式电梯限速器,它包括限速器本体,该限速器本体包括支架、内啮合式棘轮、楔块、外啮合棘轮、离心块、内轮、棘爪、拉杆、电磁离合器、伺服电机；所述支架由两个长方形侧板和设置在两个长方形侧板底端的底板组成,形成U形机架；所述两个长方形侧板内壁中部顶端对应安装有轴承,两个轴承之间安装有转轴；所述转轴上固定安装有内轮；所述内轮上均匀设置有若干棘爪,棘爪通过扭力弹簧固定在内轮凸轴上；它具有无需校验人员进入井道繁琐且危险的校验工作,使整个校验过程方便快捷、安全高效等优点。(The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to a double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter, which comprises a speed limiter body, wherein the speed limiter body comprises a bracket, an inner meshing type ratchet, a wedge block, an outer meshing type ratchet, a centrifugal block, an inner wheel, a pawl, a pull rod, an electromagnetic clutch and a servo motor; the bracket consists of two rectangular side plates and a bottom plate arranged at the bottom ends of the two rectangular side plates to form a U-shaped frame; bearings are correspondingly arranged at the top ends of the middle parts of the inner walls of the two rectangular side plates, and a rotating shaft is arranged between the two bearings; an inner wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; a plurality of pawls are uniformly arranged on the inner wheel and fixed on a convex shaft of the inner wheel through a torsion spring; the method has the advantages that the calibration work that calibration personnel are not required to enter a hoistway to be tedious and dangerous, the whole calibration process is convenient and fast, safe and efficient, and the like.)
1. The utility model provides a double-ratchet formula elevator overspeed governor which characterized in that: the speed limiter comprises a speed limiter body, wherein the speed limiter body comprises a bracket, an inner meshing type ratchet wheel, a wedge block, an outer meshing type ratchet wheel, a centrifugal block, an inner wheel, a pawl, a pull rod, an electromagnetic clutch and a servo motor;
the bracket consists of two rectangular side plates and a bottom plate arranged at the bottom ends of the two rectangular side plates to form a U-shaped frame; bearings are correspondingly arranged at the top ends of the middle parts of the inner walls of the two rectangular side plates, and a rotating shaft is arranged between the two bearings; an inner wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; a plurality of pawls are uniformly arranged on the inner wheel and fixed on a convex shaft of the inner wheel through a torsion spring; the section of the inner wheel convex shaft is circular, and the inner wheel convex shaft is vertical to the inner wheel surface;
the rotating shaft is provided with an inner engaged ratchet wheel through a bearing sleeve I, and the inner engaged ratchet wheel is engaged with a pawl on the inner wheel; a rope groove is formed in the internal-meshing ratchet wheel, and a steel wire rope is wound in the rope groove; an external engaging ratchet wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft between a wheel disc of the inner wheel and the U-shaped rack through a second bearing sleeve; the external ratchet wheel rotates around a shaft rod, and a photoelectric encoder is arranged on the shaft rod;
a pin shaft is arranged at the eccentric position of the external engagement ratchet wheel, one end of a pull rod is connected with the external engagement ratchet wheel through the pin shaft, the other end of the pull rod is connected with a rope pressing mechanism, and the rope pressing mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the support;
one side surface of the wheel surface of the inner wheel is provided with centrifugal blocks, one ends of the two centrifugal blocks are hinged with one end of the pull rod, and the other ends of the two centrifugal blocks are hinged with the other end of the pull rod through return springs; a trigger bolt is arranged on the other side surface of the wheel surface of the inner wheel, and a wedge block is arranged on one side of the trigger bolt;
a supporting plate is arranged on one side face of the support, a servo motor is installed on the supporting plate, and the servo motor is connected with the rotating shaft through an electromagnetic clutch.
2. The double-ratchet elevator governor of claim 1, wherein: a connecting rod is arranged between the top ends of the front parts of the two rectangular side plates, and two ends of the connecting rod are threaded heads and are fastened by nuts; a plurality of circular through holes are formed in the bottom plate.
3. The double-ratchet elevator governor of claim 1, wherein: the supporting plate is rectangular, a triangular supporting plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the supporting plate, and the vertical surface of the inner side surface of the triangular supporting plate is connected with the side surface of the support.
4. The double-ratchet elevator governor of claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric encoder is connected with the measurement and control unit through a wireless signal, and the measurement and control unit is connected with the servo motor through a wire.
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to a double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter.
[ background of the invention ]
In modern society, elevators as vertical transportation means play an increasingly important role in the work and life of people, and their safety is receiving increased attention.
The elevator speed limiter is the most critical safety guarantee part in a passenger-carrying and object-carrying elevator, and the working principle of the elevator speed limiter is that when the elevator slides down at a high speed in an unexpected condition, the descending speed of the elevator car reaches the maximum value set by the speed limiter, and the speed limiter drives the safety tongs to act to brake or decelerate the elevator, so that the operation safety is ensured, and the falling accident of the elevator car is avoided.
Therefore, the detection of the elevator speed limiter is an important inspection item concerning the safety of passengers and goods on the elevator. The national quality control administration 'elevator supervision inspection and regular inspection rule-traction and forced drive elevator' stipulates that the speed limiter with the service cycle of two years, abnormal action speed or damaged seal of each adjusting part meets the standard regulation. The detection of the elevator speed limiter is to judge whether the speed limiter is qualified or not by measuring and processing the geometric parameters and the operating parameters of the speed limiter.
The elevator overspeed governor has two detection modes: assembling and disassembling for inspection and inspection at home. Because the speed governor is time-consuming and labor-consuming to disassemble and assemble for submission, the speed governor is easily damaged in the processes of disassembly, assembly and transportation, and the action speed of the speed governor is influenced, so that inspectors are generally required to go to the door for detection in special occasions such as hospitals and residential districts. With the increase of high-rise buildings, the number of elevator speed limiters needing door-to-door detection per year is increased dramatically.
Although more devices are used for detecting the elevator speed limiter at present, most instruments are heavy in structure, complex in structure and inconvenient to carry, and are mainly used for factory inspection of the elevator speed limiter. The portable overspeed governor detector that is used for going to inspection that has now detects the part installation difficulty, and the connector is many between the part, needs many people to cooperate during the detection to no computer lab elevator still needs the check-up personnel to climb to the well and go the check-up, need break away from the overspeed governor then the check-up to the steel wire rope moreover, and the in-process is very loaded down with trivial details and has the potential safety hazard.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and the double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter has the advantages that the complex and dangerous verification work that a verification person enters a hoistway is not needed, the whole verification process is convenient and fast, and the safety and the high efficiency are realized.
The invention relates to a double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter which comprises a speed limiter body, wherein the speed limiter body comprises a support, an inner meshing type ratchet, a wedge block, an outer meshing type ratchet, a centrifugal block, an inner wheel, a pawl, a pull rod, an electromagnetic clutch and a servo motor;
the bracket consists of two rectangular side plates and a bottom plate arranged at the bottom ends of the two rectangular side plates to form a U-shaped frame; bearings are correspondingly arranged at the top ends of the middle parts of the inner walls of the two rectangular side plates, and a rotating shaft is arranged between the two bearings; an inner wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; a plurality of pawls are uniformly arranged on the inner wheel and fixed on a convex shaft of the inner wheel through a torsion spring; the section of the inner wheel convex shaft is circular, and the inner wheel convex shaft is vertical to the inner wheel surface;
the rotating shaft is provided with an inner engaged ratchet wheel through a bearing sleeve I, and the inner engaged ratchet wheel is engaged with a pawl on the inner wheel; a rope groove is formed in the internal-meshing ratchet wheel, and a steel wire rope is wound in the rope groove; an external engaging ratchet wheel is arranged on a rotating shaft between a wheel disc of the inner wheel and the U-shaped rack through a second bearing sleeve; the external ratchet wheel rotates around a shaft rod, and a photoelectric encoder is arranged on the shaft rod;
a pin shaft is arranged at the eccentric position of the external engagement ratchet wheel, one end of a pull rod is connected with the external engagement ratchet wheel through the pin shaft, the other end of the pull rod is connected with a rope pressing mechanism, and the rope pressing mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the support;
one side surface of the wheel surface of the inner wheel is provided with centrifugal blocks, one ends of the two centrifugal blocks are hinged with one end of the pull rod, and the other ends of the two centrifugal blocks are hinged with the other end of the pull rod through return springs; a trigger bolt is arranged on the other side surface of the wheel surface of the inner wheel, and a wedge block is arranged on one side of the trigger bolt;
a supporting plate is arranged on one side face of the support, a servo motor is installed on the supporting plate, and the servo motor is connected with the rotating shaft through an electromagnetic clutch.
Furthermore, a connecting rod is arranged between the top ends of the front parts of the two rectangular side plates, and two ends of the connecting rod are threaded heads and are fastened by nuts; a plurality of circular through holes are formed in the bottom plate.
Furthermore, the supporting plate is rectangular, a triangular supporting plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the supporting plate, and the vertical surface of the inner side surface of the triangular supporting plate is connected with the side surface of the support.
Furthermore, the photoelectric encoder is connected with the measurement and control unit through a wireless signal, and the measurement and control unit is connected with the servo motor through a wire.
After adopting the structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter, which adopts the technical scheme that a traditional speed limiter wheel is changed into two ratchet wheels, the ratchet wheels are connected by pawls, and an electromagnetic clutch and a small servo motor are arranged; electromagnetic clutch couples with axle and servo motor of interior ratchet respectively, be the bearing hookup between outer ratchet and the axle, interior ratchet is integrative with the axle, can be when the check-up, need not to make overspeed governor wire rope break away from the overspeed governor of overspeed governor wheel, it avoids causing the inconvenient problem of detection personnel detection because of the overspeed governor is in well upper portion, it is convenient to have the detection, the security performance is high, and extensive applicability is particularly useful for no computer lab elevator, it is simple to maintain, and can reduce the working strength who overhauls the crowd, liberation labour and can reduce advantages such as cost of overhaul.
[ description of the drawings ]
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the engagement of the inner ratchet gear in the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a support; 2. an internal engagement type ratchet wheel; 3. a wedge block; 4. an external engagement ratchet wheel; 5. a centrifugal block; 6. an inner wheel; 7. a pawl; 8. a pull rod; 9. an electromagnetic clutch; 10. a servo motor; 11. a support plate; 12. a triangular support plate; 13. a rotating shaft; 14. triggering the lock tongue; 15. rope pressing mechanism.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions are provided only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the elevator governor with double ratchets according to the present embodiment includes a governor body including a bracket 1, an internal engaging ratchet 2, a wedge 3, an external
the support 1 consists of two rectangular side plates 101 and a bottom plate 102 arranged at the bottom ends of the two rectangular side plates to form a U-shaped frame; bearings are correspondingly arranged at the top ends of the middle parts of the inner walls of the two rectangular side plates 101, and a
the rotating
a pin shaft is arranged at the eccentric position of the external
one side surface of the wheel surface of the inner wheel 6 is provided with
a supporting plate 11 is arranged on one side face of the support 1, a servo motor 10 is installed on the supporting plate, and the servo motor 10 is connected with the rotating shaft through an electromagnetic clutch 9.
Furthermore, a connecting rod 103 is installed between the top ends of the front parts of the two rectangular side plates 101, and two ends of the connecting rod 103 are threaded heads and are fastened by nuts; a plurality of circular through holes are formed in the bottom plate.
Further, the supporting plate 11 is rectangular, a triangular supporting plate 12 is arranged on the bottom surface of the supporting plate, and the vertical surface of the inner side surface of the triangular supporting plate is connected with the side surface of the bracket 1.
Furthermore, the photoelectric encoder is connected with a measurement and control unit through a wireless signal, and the measurement and control unit is connected with the servo motor 10 through a lead.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
in this design, the bracket 1 is composed of two rectangular side plates 101 and a bottom plate 102 disposed at the bottom ends of the two rectangular side plates to form a U-shaped frame. Two side plates of the bracket 1 are respectively provided with a bearing, and a rotating shaft is arranged between the two bearings and used for supporting the rotating
In the design, an inner engaging ratchet wheel 2 is sleeved on the rotating
In the design, a pin shaft is arranged at the eccentric position of the external-meshing
In the design, two
In the design, an electromagnetic clutch is arranged, one end of the electromagnetic clutch is connected with a main shaft of a wheel disc of the speed limiter, and the other end of the electromagnetic clutch is connected with a servo; the servo motor is installed on the support, and this support setting is on overspeed governor frame curb plate.
In the design, a measurement and control unit is arranged, the measurement and control unit judges the moving speed of the elevator car according to the rotating speed of the wheel disc of the speed limiter obtained by detection of the photoelectric encoder, and outputs a speed limiting control signal to implement speed limiting when the moving speed of the elevator car exceeds a set value. The measurement and control unit can control the movement of the servo motor and the power on and power off of the electromagnetic clutch at the same time.
When the elevator car overspeed detection device is used, a car drives a speed limiter to rotate through a speed limiter steel wire rope when an elevator normally operates, a measuring and controlling unit transmits the rotating speed of a speed limiter wheel disc obtained by detection of a photoelectric encoder to an elevator master control system in real time, and when the descending speed of the elevator car exceeds 115% of the rated speed of the elevator, the measuring and controlling unit outputs a signal to the master control unit to control a main machine of the elevator to stop rotating and stop emergently. If the elevator car continues to move downwards, before the speed reaches 120% of the rated speed of the elevator, the centrifugal block on the inner wheel overcomes the acting force of the return spring under the action of centrifugal force and is thrown away in the direction far away from the rotating center, the trigger lock tongue is pushed to release the wedge block, the external engagement ratchet wheel is clamped, the external engagement ratchet wheel rotates around the shaft to drive the connecting rod, and therefore the rope pressing mechanism and the speed limiter wheel disc clamp the steel wire rope to brake. And meanwhile, the steel wire rope clamping mechanism of the speed limiter lifts a safety gear connecting rod system arranged on the car beam, and the safety gear acts to forcibly stop the car on the guide rail.
If the descending speed of the elevator exceeds 120 percent of the rated speed of the elevator, the speed limiter-safety gear linkage mechanism still does not act, the speed limiter mechanism works unreliably and needs to be checked.
The verification steps of the design are as follows:
(1) the main power supply of the elevator is disconnected, and the electromagnetic clutch is controlled to be electrified by the measurement and control unit.
(2) The measurement and control unit controls the servo motor to rotate at a certain acceleration, the servo motor drives the inner wheel shaft to rotate together through the electromagnetic clutch, and the rotating speed is transmitted to the measurement and control system in real time through the photoelectric encoder; along with the increasing of the rotating speed, the centrifugal block on the inner wheel overcomes the acting force of the return spring to be thrown away in the direction far away from the rotating center under the action of the centrifugal force, and the spring bolt is pushed to trigger to release the wedge block to clamp the external ratchet wheel. The measurement and control system sends a control signal through the speed change fed back by the photoelectric encoder to control the servo motor to stop rotating and the electromagnetic clutch to lose power. And the measurement and control system records the maximum speed fed back by the photoelectric encoder.
(3) And the measurement and control system compares the measured maximum speed with the qualified speed range value of the speed limiter and judges whether the speed limiter works reliably. And finishing the detection work. And the maintainers restore the operation of the elevator after checking each safety work according to the inspection gauge, and finally the inspector exits from the site.
The functional characteristics of this design are as follows:
(1) compared with the traditional speed limiter, the novel speed limiter saves the tedious steps of traditional detection during verification, and is more convenient, quicker and safer.
(2) The online checking of the speed limiter can be realized, and particularly for a machine-room-less elevator, the whole checking process can be completed outside a well. Greatly reducing the working intensity of maintenance personnel and inspection personnel and ensuring the safety of the working personnel.
This design is based on knowing the detection problem of elevator overspeed governor and the harmfulness after the elevator overspeed governor destroys in the market to having considered the not enough on equipping of elevator overspeed governor now on the market, to the practicality problem and the safety problem of present no computer lab elevator overspeed governor, utilizing sensor and detection technology and plc and the relevant knowledge of motor, to above-mentioned problem, having researched and developed this design. Compared with the existing expensive elevator speed limiter on the market, the design structure mainly has the following advantages: the calibration is more accurate, the use is convenient, the modeling, industrialization and batch production can be observed, considerable economic benefits can be brought, and the method has better market prospect.
In the design, the photoelectric encoder is connected with the measurement and control unit through a wireless signal, the measurement and control unit is connected with the servo motor 10 through a wire, the measurement and control unit is connected with a master control system of the elevator, related circuits can be easily realized by technicians in the industry, the design belongs to the prior art, and therefore detailed explanation is omitted in the design.
The invention relates to a double-ratchet type elevator speed limiter, which adopts the technical scheme that a traditional speed limiter wheel is changed into two ratchet wheels, the ratchet wheels are connected by pawls, and an electromagnetic clutch and a small servo motor are arranged; the electromagnetic clutch is respectively connected with the shaft of the inner ratchet wheel and the servo motor, the outer ratchet wheel is connected with the shaft through the bearing, the inner ratchet wheel is integrated with the shaft, the problem that detection personnel are inconvenient to detect due to the fact that the speed limiter is located on the upper portion of a well can be avoided, and the elevator without the machine room has the advantages of being convenient to detect, high in safety performance, wide in applicability, especially suitable for elevators without the machine room, simple to maintain, capable of reducing working strength of overhaul crowds, liberating labor force, reducing overhaul cost and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
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