阅读说明：本技术 聚合物光纤及发光织物 (Polymer optical fiber and light-emitting fabric ) 是由 刘宇清 杨欣 李冉冉 潘志娟 王国和 张蓉 于 2019-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种聚合物光纤,包括芯层、设置于芯层外周的皮层,芯层的材料包括聚碳酸酯,皮层的材料包括改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和/或透明尼龙,改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的全光线透过率为88%-90%、折射率为1.45-1.50,透明尼龙的全光线透过率为90%-92%、折射率为1.47-1.52,聚碳酸酯的折射率为1.55-1.59,改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和/或透明尼龙的折射率小于聚碳酸酯的折射率；本发明能够兼具极佳的韧性、较低的光损耗,而且价格更低廉,制备方法更简单和快捷,使其尤其适用于装饰用面料中。(The invention discloses a polymer optical fiber, which comprises a core layer and a skin layer arranged on the periphery of the core layer, wherein the material of the core layer comprises polycarbonate, the material of the skin layer comprises modified polyethylene terephthalate and/or transparent nylon, the total light transmittance of the modified polyethylene terephthalate is 88-90%, the refractive index is 1.45-1.50, the total light transmittance of the transparent nylon is 90-92%, the refractive index is 1.47-1.52, the refractive index of the polycarbonate is 1.55-1.59, and the refractive index of the modified polyethylene terephthalate and/or transparent nylon is smaller than that of the polycarbonate; the invention has the advantages of excellent toughness, lower optical loss, lower price and simpler and quicker preparation method, and is particularly suitable for decorative fabrics.)

1. A polymer optical fiber comprising a core layer, a skin layer disposed at an outer periphery of the core layer, a material of the core layer comprising polycarbonate, characterized in that the material of the skin layer comprises modified polyethylene terephthalate and/or transparent nylon, the total light transmittance of the modified polyethylene terephthalate is 88-90%, the refractive index is 1.45-1.50, the transparent nylon has the total light transmittance of 90-92% and the refractive index of 1.47-1.52, the refractive index of the polycarbonate is 1.55-1.59, the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the modified polyethylene terephthalate accounts for 5% -8% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate, the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the transparent nylon accounts for 4% -6% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate.

2. The polymer optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the modified polyethylene terephthalate is prepared by a process comprising: the polyethylene terephthalate, the copolymer of styrene and acrylic ester, the cycloolefin polymer and the polystyrene are mixed and melt-extruded to prepare the polypropylene composite material.

3. The polymer optical fiber of claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate, the copolymer of styrene and acrylate, the cyclic olefin polymer, and the polystyrene is 1: 0.018-0.048: 0.018-0.036: 0.027-0.048; and/or, the melt extrusion is carried out by adopting a screw extruder, and the melt extrusion temperature is as follows: the first zone is 275-280 ℃, the second zone is 280-285 ℃, the third zone is 285-290 ℃, the box temperature is 285-290 ℃, and the die head temperature is 285-290 ℃.

4. The polymer optic fiber of claim 1, wherein the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the modified polyethylene terephthalate is 5.5% to 7.6% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate, and the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the transparent nylon is 4.5% to 5.5% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate.

5. The polymer optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the modified polyethylene terephthalate has a melt index of 44 to 59g/10min measured at 280 ℃ under a load of 37.3N in accordance with ISO1133 standard.

6. The polymer optic fiber of claim 1, wherein the transparent nylon has a melt index of 20 to 26g/10min as determined by ISO1133 standard at 230 ℃ under a load of 37.3N.

7. The polymer optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polycarbonate has a melt index of 19 to 23g/10min measured at 300 ℃ under a load of 37.3N according to ISO1133 standard.

8. The polymer optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polymer optical fiber has a core-shell structure, and the skin layer is coated on an outer surface of the core layer; or the like, or, alternatively,

the polymer optical fiber further comprises an intermediate layer arranged between the skin layer and the core layer, the intermediate layer comprises a first polymer material layer and a second polymer material layer which are alternately stacked, and the materials of any two adjacent layers in the polymer optical fiber are different; or the like, or, alternatively,

the sandwich layer has a plurality ofly, the cortex cladding is a plurality of the sandwich layer periphery.

9. The polymer optic fiber of claim 8, wherein the material of the first polymer material layer is modified polyethylene terephthalate and/or transparent nylon, and the material of the second polymer material layer is polycarbonate.

10. A light-emitting textile comprising the polymer optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the crossing field of optical information materials and textile materials, particularly relates to an optical fiber material related to a decorative fabric, and particularly relates to a polymer optical fiber and a luminous fabric.

Background

At present, in the textile field, optical fibers (optical fibers) are used as a raw material to prepare a light-emitting fabric, for example, the optical fibers and cotton yarns are interwoven, the optical fibers in the fabric are bundled, and the bundled optical fibers are coupled with a certain light source to form the optical fiber light-emitting fabric, but the existing optical fibers are basically fibers made of glass or plastic polymers, that is, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used as a core layer, and fluororesin is used as a skin layer for wrapping the core layer, for example, chinese invention CN104164734A (which discloses a polymethyl methacrylate optical fiber yarn including an inner core and an outer wrapping layer, the inner core is polymethyl methacrylate, the outer wrapping layer is fluororesin), for example, chinese invention CN103380240A (which discloses an illuminating fabric, an illuminating skin device, a complete set of equipment and an implementation method thereof, and the optical fibers adopted by the optical fibers are polymethyl methacrylate, the optical fiber cladding is fluorinated high polymer), the preparation method of the optical fiber is mainly a prefabricated member-drawing method, namely, the material is firstly made into a knot with certain appearance through a certain method, and then the prefabricated member is placed in a drawing device to be heated and drawn into the optical fiber with the length of kilometers; however, such optical fibers have high transmission efficiency and can be used as light transmission tools, but have poor properties such as brittleness, elasticity, flexibility and the like, are easy to break and have insufficient comfort in the weaving and application processes in the textile field, and meanwhile, the fluorine resin has high cost, so that the fluorine resin is difficult to be applied to decorative fabrics on a large scale.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a polymer optical fiber which has lower optical loss and excellent toughness and can be suitable for decorative fabrics.

The invention also provides a luminous fabric adopting the polymer optical fiber.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a polymer optical fiber comprising a core layer, a skin layer disposed at an outer periphery of the core layer, the material of the core layer comprises polycarbonate, the material of the skin layer comprises modified polyethylene terephthalate and/or transparent nylon, the total light transmittance of the modified polyethylene terephthalate is 88-90%, the refractive index is 1.45-1.50, the transparent nylon has the total light transmittance of 90-92% and the refractive index of 1.47-1.52, the refractive index of the polycarbonate is 1.55-1.59, the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the modified polyethylene terephthalate accounts for 5% -8% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate, the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the transparent nylon accounts for 4% -6% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate.

According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the modified polyethylene terephthalate is prepared by: the polyethylene terephthalate, the copolymer of styrene and acrylic ester, the cycloolefin polymer and the polystyrene are mixed and melt-extruded to prepare the polypropylene composite material.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the feed mass ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate, the copolymer of styrene and acrylate, the cycloolefin polymer and the polystyrene is 1: 0.018-0.048: 0.018-0.036: 0.027-0.048.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, in the preparation of the modified polyethylene terephthalate, the melt extrusion is performed using a screw extruder, and the melt extrusion temperature is: the first zone is 275-280 ℃, the second zone is 280-285 ℃, the third zone is 285-290 ℃, the box temperature is 285-290 ℃, and the die head temperature is 285-290 ℃.

According to a specific aspect of the invention, the modified polyethylene terephthalate is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-110 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 2-4 parts of a copolymer (NAS) of styrene and acrylic ester, 2-3 parts of a cycloolefin polymer (COP) and 3-4 parts of polystyrene; the preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) and adding the raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and stirring for 10-20 minutes to obtain the premix.

(2) And putting the obtained premix in a screw extruder for melt blending, extruding, cooling and granulating. Thus obtaining the modified polyethylene terephthalate.

According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the modified polyethylene terephthalate is 5.5% to 7.6% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate, and the difference between the refractive index of the polycarbonate and the refractive index of the transparent nylon is 4.5% to 5.5% of the refractive index of the polycarbonate.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the modified polyethylene terephthalate has a melt index of 44 to 59g/10min measured at 280 ℃ under a load of 37.3N according to ISO 1133.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the transparent nylon has a melt index of 20 to 26g/10min measured at 230 ℃ under a load of 37.3N according to ISO1133 standard.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the polycarbonate has a melt index of 19 to 23g/10min as determined according to ISO1133 at 300 ℃ under a load of 37.3N.

According to some specific aspects of the present invention, the polymer optical fiber has a core-shell structure, and the skin layer is coated on the outer surface of the core layer; or the like, or, alternatively,

the polymer optical fiber further comprises an intermediate layer arranged between the skin layer and the core layer, the intermediate layer comprises a first polymer material layer and a second polymer material layer which are alternately stacked, and the materials of any two adjacent layers in the polymer optical fiber are different; or the like, or, alternatively,

the sandwich layer has a plurality ofly, the cortex cladding is a plurality of the sandwich layer periphery.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the material of the first polymer material layer is modified polyethylene terephthalate and/or transparent nylon, and the material of the second polymer material layer is polycarbonate.

The invention provides another technical scheme that: a light-emitting textile comprising the polymer optical fiber described above.

According to the present invention, the total light refers to visible light (near infrared to near ultraviolet), and the total light transmittance refers to the transmittance of all of such light.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the polymer optical fiber provided by the invention adopts a specific material as a skin layer material, and controls the refractive index relationship between the skin layer material and a core layer material, so that the prepared polymer optical fiber not only has excellent toughness and lower optical loss, but also is lower in price, and the preparation method is simpler and faster, so that the polymer optical fiber is especially suitable for a decorative fabric, namely a short-path light-transmitting luminous fabric.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for manufacturing a polymer optical fiber according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the polymer optical fiber according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the structures of the polymer optical fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the structures of the polymer optical fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the structures of the polymer optical fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the structures of the polymer optical fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the structures of the polymer optical fiber of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples; it is to be understood that these embodiments are provided to illustrate the general principles, essential features and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in scope by the following embodiments; the implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not indicated are generally the conditions in routine experiments. In the following, all starting materials are either commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art, unless otherwise specified.

In the following, the melt index of the modified polyethylene terephthalate is measured at 280 ℃ under a load of 37.3N according to the ISO1133 standard; the melt index of the transparent nylon is measured according to the ISO1133 standard at 230 ℃ and under the load of 37.3N; the melt index of the polycarbonate is determined according to the ISO1133 standard at 300 ℃ under a load of 37.3N.