阅读说明：本技术 医用锯切模板系统 (Medical sawing template system ) 是由 马丁·农嫩曼 弗朗茨-彼得·菲尔姆巴赫 于 2018-03-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种医用锯切模板系统,包括用于使医用锯切模板相对于人骨或动物骨对准的对准设备,所述对准设备包括用于能够固定在骨中的紧固元件的至少一个紧固元件接收器、能够联接到或被联接到锯切模板的第一联接部件、用于改变在所述紧固元件接收器和所述第一联接部件之间的距离的距离改变装置以及用于改变在所述紧固元件接收器和所述第一联接部件之间的角度的角度改变装置。为了改进该模板系统以使其易于使用,根据本发明,距离改变装置包括距离设定部件,所述距离设定部件能够围绕距离设定部件旋转轴线旋转,并且/或者角度改变装置包括角度设定部件,所述角度设定部件能够围绕角度设定部件旋转轴线旋转。(A medical saw template system comprising an alignment apparatus for aligning a medical saw template relative to a human or animal bone, the alignment apparatus comprising at least one fastening element receiver for a fastening element securable in the bone, a first coupling member coupleable or coupled to a saw template, distance altering means for altering the distance between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling member, and angle altering means for altering the angle between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling member. In order to improve the template system such that it is easy to use, according to the invention the distance changing means comprise a distance setting member, which is rotatable about a distance setting member rotation axis, and/or the angle changing means comprise an angle setting member, which is rotatable about an angle setting member rotation axis.)

1. A medical template sawing system (10) comprising an alignment device (12) for aligning a medical template sawing (14) with respect to a human or animal bone (18), said alignment device (12) comprising at least one fastening element receiver (28) for a fastening element (16) which can be fixed in the bone (18), a first coupling part (20) which can be coupled or coupled to a template sawing (14), distance changing means (38) for changing a distance (40) between the fastening element receiver (28) and the first coupling part (20), and angle changing means (42) for changing an angle (44) between the fastening element receiver (28) and the first coupling part (20), characterized in that the distance changing means (38) comprises a distance setting member (48), said distance setting member (48) being rotatable about a distance setting member rotation axis (46), and/or the angle changing device (42) comprises an angle setting member (54), the angle setting member (54) being rotatable about an angle setting member rotation axis (52).

2. The medical saw template system according to claim 1, wherein the distance setting member rotational axis (46) defines the angle setting member rotational axis (52).

3. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance changing means (38) and the angle changing means (42) are actuatable independently of each other.

4. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance setting means (48) are configured in the form of a setting wheel (50).

5. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle setting means (54) are configured in the form of a setting wheel (56).

6. The medical template sawing system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the alignment device (12) comprises a base body (58), the distance setting member (48) and the angle setting member (54) being rotatably mounted or held on the base body (58).

7. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance setting member support element (60) is associated with the distance setting member (48) and an angle setting member support element (68) is associated with the angle setting member (54).

8. The medical saw template system according to claim 7, wherein the distance setting member support element (68) and/or the angle setting member support element (68) are configured in the form of a support pin or screw (70).

9. The medical saw template system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the distance setting member support element (60) is arranged or formed on the base body (58) or on the distance setting member (48).

10. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the angle setting member support element (68) is arranged or formed on the base body (58) or on the angle setting member (54).

11. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance setting member (48) and/or the angle setting member (54) has at least one recess (76) and/or at least one protrusion (78), the at least one recess (76) being directed in a radial direction away from the distance setting member rotation axis (46), the at least one protrusion (78) being directed in a radial direction away from the distance setting member rotation axis (46).

12. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the distance changing device (38) comprises a sliding element (80), the sliding element (80) being displaceably mounted on the base body (58) and defining a sliding element longitudinal axis (82), the sliding element (80) being arranged or formed to cooperate directly or indirectly with the distance setting member (48) in such a way that: by rotating the distance setting member around the distance setting member rotation axis, the sliding element (80) is displaceable in the direction of the sliding element longitudinal axis (82).

13. The medical saw template system according to claim 12, wherein the sliding element (80) is guided on the base body (58) so as to be non-rotatable relative to the sliding element longitudinal axis (82).

14. The medical saw template system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the base body (58) comprises a sliding element guide (84), the sliding element (80) being movably guided in the sliding element guide (84).

15. The medical saw template system according to claim 14, wherein the sliding element guide (84) is configured in the form of a recess or perforation (86).

16. The medical saw template system according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the sliding element guide (84) has a non-circular cross-section.

17. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the distance changing device (38) comprises a sliding catch (108), the sliding catch (108) being arranged eccentrically with respect to the distance setting member rotation axis (46), the sliding catch being arranged or formed on the distance setting member (48) and movably engaged with the sliding element (80), or the sliding catch being arranged or formed on the sliding element and movably engaged with the distance setting member.

18. The medical saw template system according to claim 17, wherein the sliding catch (108) is configured in the form of a pin (110), and a pin longitudinal axis of the pin (110) extends parallel or substantially parallel to the distance setting member rotation axis (46).

19. The medical saw template system according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the sliding catches (108) engage into corresponding guiding recesses (112) for transmitting a driving force from the distance setting member (48) to the sliding element (80).

20. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 12 to 19, wherein the sliding element longitudinal axis (82) extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the distance setting member rotation axis (46).

21. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 6 to 20, wherein the angle changing device (42) comprises a pivoting element (120), the pivoting element (120) being mounted on the base body (58) so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (118), the pivoting element (120) being arranged or formed to cooperate directly or indirectly with the angle setting member (54) in such a way that: the pivoting element (120) is pivotable about the pivot axis (118) by rotating the angle setting member (54) about the angle setting member rotation axis (52).

22. The medical saw template system according to claim 21, wherein the pivot axis (118) extends parallel to the angle setting member rotational axis (52).

23. The medical template sawing system according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the first coupling part (20) is arranged or formed, in particular integrally, on the pivoting element (120).

24. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 12 to 23, wherein the first coupling member (20) defines a coupling member longitudinal axis (36), and the coupling member longitudinal axis (36) extends transverse to the sliding element longitudinal axis (82).

25. The medical sawing template system according to claim 24, characterized in that the coupling member longitudinal axis (36) extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the pivot axis (118).

26. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the base body (58) comprises two support jaws (122), the pivoting element (120) being mounted between the support jaws (122) on a support pin (124) held on the support jaws (122) or on two support projections projecting on the pivoting element.

27. The medical saw template system according to claim 26, wherein the support pin (124) or the support protrusion defines the pivot axis (118).

28. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the angle changing device (42) comprises a pivoting catch (126), the pivoting catch (126) being arranged eccentrically with respect to the angle setting member rotational axis (52), the pivoting catch (126) being arranged or formed on the angle setting member (54) and movably engaged with the pivoting element (120), or the pivoting catch being arranged or formed on the pivoting element and movably engaged with the angle setting member.

29. The medical saw template system according to claim 28, wherein the pivoting catch (126) is configured in the form of a pin (128), and a pin longitudinal axis of the pin (128) extends parallel or substantially parallel to the angle setting member rotation axis (52).

30. The medical saw template system according to claim 28 or 29, wherein the pivot locker (126) engages into a corresponding pivot locker guide recess (130) for transmitting a driving force from the angle setting member (54) to the pivot element (120).

31. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 21 to 30, wherein the pivot axis (118) extends parallel or substantially parallel to the distance setting member rotation axis (46).

32. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the distance of the pivot axis (118) from the angle setting member rotation axis (52) is greater than the distance of the pivot catch (108) from the angle setting member rotation axis (52).

33. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 28 to 32, wherein the distance of the sliding catch (108) from the distance setting member rotational axis (46) is greater than the distance of the pivoting catch (108) from the distance setting member rotational axis (46).

34. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 28 to 33, wherein the distance of the pivot axis (118) from the angle setting member rotation axis (52) is greater than the distance of the pivot axis (118) from the pivot catch (108).

35. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance changing device (38) is configured for changing the distance (40) between the fastening element receiver (28) and the first coupling part (20) in discrete distance steps.

36. The medical sawing template system according to claim 35, wherein the discrete distance steps are of the same size or substantially the same size.

37. The medical template sawing system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance changing means (38) comprises distance step setting means (132) for setting a discrete distance (40) between the fastening element receiver (28) and the first coupling part (20).

38. The medical saw template system according to claim 37, wherein the distance step setting device (132) is configured in the form of a distance locking mechanism (134), the distance locking mechanism (134) comprising a first distance locking member (136) and a second distance locking member (138) cooperating with each other, and the first distance locking member (136) and the second distance locking member (138) being engaged at discrete distances (40) between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling member (20).

39. The medical sawing template system according to claim 38, characterized in that the first and second distance locking members (136, 138) are arranged or formed on the distance setting member (48) on the one hand and on the base body (58) on the other hand.

40. The medical saw template system according to claim 38 or 39, wherein the plurality of first distance locking members (136) are configured in the form of teeth (142) forming a distance toothing (140).

41. The medical saw template system according to claim 40, wherein the distance teeth (140) are arranged or formed concentrically around the distance setting member rotation axis (46).

42. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 38 to 41, wherein the second distance locking member (138) is configured in the form of a distance locking body (144), the distance locking body (144) being deflectable out of a basic position against the action of a biasing element (146).

43. The medical saw template system according to claim 42, wherein the direction of action of the biasing element (146) extends parallel or substantially parallel to the distance setting member rotational axis (46).

44. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 38 to 43, characterized in that the first distance locking means (136) is arranged or formed to protrude from the distance setting means (48) pointing in a direction towards the base body (58).

45. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 38 to 44, wherein the first distance locking member (136) is at a greater distance from the distance setting member rotational axis (46) than the sliding catch (108) is at from the distance setting member rotational axis (46).

46. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle change means (42) comprises angle step setting means (154) for setting discrete angles (44) between the fastening element receiver (28) and the first coupling part (20).

47. The medical saw template system according to claim 46, wherein the angular step setting device (154) is configured in the form of an angular locking mechanism (156), the angular locking mechanism (156) including first and second angular locking members (158, 160) that cooperate with each other, and the first and second angular locking members (158, 160) are engaged at discrete angles (44) between the fastening element receiver (28) and the first coupling member (20).

48. The medical sawing template system according to claim 47, characterized in that the first angle locking means (158) and the second angle locking means (160) are arranged or formed on the angle setting means (54) on the one hand and on the base body (58) on the other hand.

49. The medical saw template system according to claim 47 or 48, wherein the plurality of first angular locking members (158) are configured in the form of teeth (164) forming an angular tooth member (162).

50. The medical saw template system according to claim 49, wherein the angular teeth (162) are arranged or formed concentrically about the angular setting member rotation axis (52).

51. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 47 to 50, characterized in that the second angular locking member (160) is configured in the form of an angular locking body (166), the angular locking body (166) being deflectable out of the basic position against the action of the biasing element (146).

52. The medical saw template system according to claim 51, wherein a common biasing element (146) is associated with the second distance locking member (138) and the second angle locking member (160).

53. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 42 to 52, wherein the direction of action of the biasing element (146) extends parallel or substantially parallel to the angle setting member rotation axis (52).

54. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 47-53, wherein the first distance locking means (158) is arranged or formed to protrude from the angle setting means (54) pointing in a direction towards the base (58).

55. The medical saw template system according to any one of claims 47 to 54, wherein the first angle locking member (158) is at a greater distance from the angle setting member rotational axis (52) than the pivoting catch (126) is from the angle setting member rotational axis (52).

56. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element receivers (28) are arranged or formed on the sliding element (80), in particular in the form of through holes which are rotationally symmetrical in cross section.

57. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized by at least one fastening element (16) for anchoring in a bone (18).

58. The medical sawing template system according to claim 56, wherein the at least one fastening element (16) is configured in the form of a bone pin or in the form of a bone screw.

59. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the sawing template (14) is provided with at least one guide perforation (170), in particular in the form of a guide slot (172), for a saw blade.

60. The medical rip fence system of claim 59, wherein the rip fence (14) includes at least one rip fence fastening element receiver (174) for receiving at least one fastening element.

61. The medical template sawing system according to claim 59 or 60, wherein the sawing template (14) comprises a second coupling part (22) for forming an engagement with the first coupling part (20).

62. The medical template sawing system according to any one of claims 59 to 61 wherein the sawing template (14) is non-releasably connected to the first coupling part (20) or is integrally formed with the first coupling part (20).

63. The medical sawing template system according to any one of claims 59 to 62, characterized in that the sawing template (14) comprises at least one first coupling element (176) for forming an engagement with a second coupling element (178) of a medical reference unit (180).

64. The medical sawing template system according to any one of the preceding claims characterized by a medical reference unit (180) whose position and orientation in space the medical reference unit (180) can be determined with a medical navigation system (182).

65. The medical rip fence system of claim 64, wherein the reference unit (180) is arranged or formed on the rip fence (14) or the reference unit (180) comprises a second coupling element (178) for forming an engagement with the first coupling element (176) of the rip fence (14) in a coupling position.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical template sawing system comprising an alignment device for aligning a medical template sawing template relative to a human or animal bone, the alignment device comprising at least one fastening element receiver for a fastening element that can be fixed in the bone, a first coupling part that can be coupled or coupled to the template sawing template, distance changing means for changing the distance between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part and angle changing means for changing the angle between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part.

Background

In particular, a medical template sawing system of the type described at the outset is used for preparing the bone surface prior to implantation of the joint endoprosthesis. For example, such template systems are used to partially resect a patient's tibia and/or femur in order to prepare a bone surface to which components of an articular endoprosthesis are fixed, e.g., by driving into a bone cavity, using bone cement and/or bone fastening means (e.g., bone screws or nails).

In order to be able to align the sawing template, in particular its guide opening for the saw blade, in a desired manner, so that an optimum positioning of the joint member can be ensured, the height and inclination of the guide perforations of the sawing template can be set in a simple manner with the aid of the alignment device. This is made possible on the one hand by means of a distance changing device, with which, for example, the first coupling part can be moved translationally, and on the other hand by means of an angle changing device, with which the inclination of the first coupling part can be set by means of the sawing template.

Given the very small space available in the implantation of knee endoprostheses, it is desirable to construct the sawing template system as compact as possible. In addition, the handling should be simple and intuitive for the surgeon.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve a medical sawing template system of the kind described at the outset in such a way that it can be easily handled.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a medical sawing template system of the kind described at the outset in that the distance changing means comprise a distance setting member which is rotatable about a distance setting member rotation axis, and/or in that the angle changing means comprise an angle setting member which is rotatable about an angle setting member rotation axis.

With such an alignment device, it is possible to align a sawing template coupled to the alignment device in a highly accurate manner, in particular when fixing the alignment device on a bone, for example with bone fastening elements engaged into the at least one fastening element receiver of the alignment device. Thus, by rotating the distance setting member, the first coupling member and the sawing template coupled or connected to the first coupling member can be adjusted, for example, in height. By means of the rotation angle setting means, the inclination of the guide bores of the sawing template can be varied in a particularly simple manner. For example, the distance setting member and/or the angle setting member may be configured in the form of a setting wheel. The setting wheel may, for example, be provided with a scale, so that the surgeon in which way to move the first coupling part and the sawing template, respectively, or to adjust the inclination thereof, is thus easily visible to him/her.

The rip fence system can be constructed in a particularly simple and compact manner if the distance-setting member rotation axis defines an angle-setting member rotation axis. Thus, the two axes of rotation coincide. These should be understood mathematically, not as mechanical axes or the like, such as bearing shafts or the like.

In order to make it possible to set the position and/or inclination of the first coupling part as individually as possible, it is advantageous if the distance changing device and the angle changing device can be actuated independently of one another. This can be achieved, for example, in such a way that the distance setting means and the angle setting means are arranged or formed so as to be rotatable independently of one another.

The handling of the sawing template system is facilitated if the distance setting means are configured in the form of setting wheels.

It is further advantageous if the angle setting member is constructed in the form of a setting wheel. It can be rotated in a simple manner by the surgeon for setting the angle of inclination of the template relative to the bone on which the template system is arranged.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the alignment device comprises a base body on which the distance setting member and the angle setting member are rotatably mounted or held. The provision of such a substrate enables the structure of existing rip fence systems to be particularly compact. In particular, an open configuration of the base may be provided, which enables a sawing template system with good cleanability.

It is advantageous if the distance setting member bearing element is associated with the distance setting member and the angle setting member bearing element is associated with the angle setting member. By means of this, the distance setting member and the angle setting member can be rotatably mounted or held on the base body in a simple and secure manner.

If the distance-setting member supporting element and/or the angle-setting member supporting element are constructed in the form of supporting pins or screws, the rip fence system can be constructed in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner. For example, the distance-setting member and the angle-setting member can have a through-hole for receiving a bearing pin or screw, and by means of this through-hole the distance-setting member and the angle-setting member are fixed on the base body in such a way that they can still rotate relative to the base body. In particular, the distance-setting member bearing element and the angle-setting member bearing element are arranged and formed in such a way that the distance-setting member and the angle-setting member are mounted so as to be rotatable only about the distance-setting member rotational axis and the angle-setting member rotational axis, respectively, and not axially displaceable parallel thereto.

If the distance setting member bearing element is arranged or formed on the base body or on the distance setting member, the distance setting member can be rotatably mounted on the base body in a simple manner.

It is further advantageous if the angle setting member support element is arranged or formed on the base body or on the angle setting member. Thus, the angle setting member can be rotatably mounted on the base body in a simple manner.

It is advantageous if the distance setting member and/or the angle setting member has at least one recess pointing away from the rotational axis of the distance setting member in the radial direction and/or at least one protrusion pointing away from the rotational axis of the distance setting member in the radial direction. The recess may in particular be configured in the form of a depression which improves the surgeon's tactile sensation upon actuation, i.e. when rotating the distance setting member and the angle setting member, respectively. The provision of at least one projection which projects in a radial direction has the advantage that the surgeon can thus easily see in which direction he/she rotates the distance setting means and the angle setting means, respectively. The attachment of the lever can be achieved by an optional recess on the at least one projection, whereby the surgeon's tactile sensation upon actuation can be even further improved.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the distance changing means comprise a sliding element which is displaceably mounted on the base body, defines a sliding element longitudinal axis, and is arranged or formed to cooperate directly or indirectly with the distance setting member in such a way that the sliding element can be displaced in the direction of the sliding element longitudinal axis by rotating the distance setting member about the distance setting member rotation axis. The alignment device can be constructed particularly compactly if the distance setting member and the sliding element are constructed to directly fit each other. Complex gear structures can thus be avoided.

In order to be able to ensure a defined orientation of the sawing template when the sliding element is displaced, it is advantageous if the sliding element is guided on the base body so as not to be rotatable relative to the sliding element longitudinal axis.

In order to be able to specify the movement of the sliding element in a defined manner, it is advantageous if the base body comprises a sliding element guide in which the sliding element is guided in a movable manner.

The base body can be constructed in a simple manner if the sliding element guide is constructed in the form of a recess or a perforation.

The sliding element guide preferably comprises a non-circular cross-section. The anti-rotation means for the sliding element relative to the base body can thus be formed in a simple manner such that said sliding element cannot rotate about the sliding element longitudinal axis.

It is advantageous if the distance changing means comprise a sliding catch arranged eccentrically with respect to the distance setting member axis of rotation, if the sliding catch is arranged or formed on the distance setting member and is engaged in a movable manner with the sliding element, or if the sliding catch is arranged or formed on the sliding element and is engaged in a movable manner with the distance setting member. The proposed design enables a direct cooperation of the distance setting member and the sliding element by means of the sliding lock in a simple manner.

The alignment device can be constructed in a particularly simple and compact manner if the sliding catch is constructed in the form of a pin and if the pin longitudinal axis of the pin extends parallel or substantially parallel to the distance setting member rotation axis.

It is further advantageous if the sliding catches project into corresponding guide recesses for transmitting the drive force from the distance setting member to the sliding element. For example, if the sliding catch is arranged or formed on the distance setting member, the guiding recess may be arranged or formed on the sliding element. The guide recess may in particular be formed by two guide pins which are aligned parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other such that the sliding catch can engage between them. The distance between the guide pins preferably corresponds approximately to the diameter of the sliding lock, so that the forces can be transmitted as play-free as possible here.

The sliding element longitudinal axis preferably extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the distance setting member axis of rotation. Thus, the alignment device may be particularly configured in such a way that a rotation direction of the distance setting member in a clockwise direction can cause a displacement movement of the displacement element in one direction, and a rotation of the distance setting member in a counter-clockwise direction can cause a displacement of the sliding element in the opposite direction.

It is further advantageous if the angle changing means comprise a pivoting element which is mounted on the base body so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis and which is arranged or formed to cooperate directly or indirectly with the angle setting member in such a way that the pivoting element can be pivoted about the pivot axis by rotating the angle setting member about the angle setting member rotation axis. In particular, a particularly compact construction of the alignment device can thus be achieved if, for example, the angle setting member and the pivoting element cooperate directly. Complex redirecting drives can therefore be dispensed with.

The force for pivoting the pivoting element can be transmitted in a particularly simple manner if the pivot axis extends parallel to the angle-setting member rotation axis.

The first coupling part is preferably arranged or formed on the pivoting element. In particular, the first coupling may be integrally formed with the pivot element. This arrangement makes it possible in particular to construct the alignment device in such a way that the alignment of the first coupling part set with the angle changing device is maintained when the sliding element is displaced with respect to the base body with the distance changing device.

It is advantageous if the first coupling part defines a coupling part longitudinal axis and if the coupling part longitudinal axis extends transversely to the sliding element longitudinal axis. In particular, the height adjustment can thus be separated from the inclination adjustment in a simple manner.

The coupling of the alignment device to the sawing template is particularly simple, in particular if the longitudinal axis of the coupling part extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the pivot axis.

It is advantageous if the base body comprises two bearing jaws, if the pivoting element is mounted between the bearing jaws on a bearing pin held on the bearing jaws, or if the bearing jaws are mounted on two bearing projections projecting on the pivoting element. In this way, the pivoting element can be pivotably mounted on the base body in a simple and compact manner.

A particularly compact configuration of the alignment device can be achieved in particular by means of bearing pins or bearing projections which define the pivot axis.

It is further advantageous if the angle changing means comprise a pivoting catch arranged eccentrically with respect to the angle setting member axis of rotation, if the pivoting catch is arranged or formed on the angle setting member and is movably engaged with the pivoting element, or if the pivoting catch is arranged or formed on the pivoting element and is movably engaged with the angle setting member. This configuration makes it possible in particular to transmit an actuating force introduced via the angle setting member directly to the pivoting element via the pivoting catch in order to change the alignment of the first coupling part, in particular the angle between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part. By eccentric is meant in particular that the position of the pivoting catch is at a distance from the rotational axis of the angle setting member.

If the sliding catch is constructed in the form of a pin and if the pin longitudinal axis of the pin extends parallel or substantially parallel to the angle-setting member rotation axis, the alignment device can be constructed in a particularly simple and inexpensive manner. In particular, the pin longitudinal axis may extend parallel to the pivot axis.

The transmission of force between the angle setting member and the pivoting element can be realized in a particularly simple manner if the pivoting catch engages into a corresponding pivoting catch guide recess for transmitting the driving force from the angle setting member to the pivoting element.

The pivot axis preferably extends parallel or substantially parallel to the distance setting member rotation axis. This makes the construction of the alignment device particularly compact.

In order to be able to perform the angular adjustment with particularly low forces, it is advantageous if the distance of the pivot axis from the rotational axis of the angle-setting member is greater than the distance of the pivoting catch from the rotational axis of the angle-setting member.

It is advantageous if the distance of the sliding catch from the axis of rotation of the setting member is greater than the distance of the pivoting catch from the axis of rotation of the setting member.

The distance of the pivot axis from the rotational axis of the angle setting member is preferably greater than the distance of the pivot axis from the pivoting catch. The pivoting element can thus be pivoted with a particularly low pivoting force.

It is advantageous if the distance changing device is configured to change the distance between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part in discrete distance steps. For example, the distance changing device can thus be constructed in such a way that it maintains its set position. In addition, the surgeon may also obtain feedback, among other things, of the multiple distance change steps he/she makes to change the distance.

In order to enable the surgeon to set the distance in a defined manner, it is advantageous if the discrete distance steps are of the same size or substantially the same size.

The distance changing means preferably comprise distance step setting means for setting a discrete distance between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part. Discrete distance steps can be specified by means of the distance step setting means.

It is advantageous if the distance step setting means is constructed in the form of a distance locking mechanism comprising a first distance locking member and a second distance locking member cooperating with each other, and if said first distance locking member and second distance locking member engage at discrete distances between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part. Such a distance locking mechanism makes it possible in particular to provide the surgeon with tactile feedback when changing the distance.

The distance step setting device can be constructed in a simple manner if the first distance locking element and the second distance locking element are arranged or formed on the distance setting element on the one hand and on the base body on the other hand.

The plurality of first distance locking members is preferably configured in the form of teeth forming a distance toothing. The distance tooth can be configured, for example, in the form of a straight tooth or an arc tooth.

A particularly compact construction of the alignment device can be achieved if the distance teeth are arranged or formed concentrically around the distance setting member rotation axis. Thus, the distance tooth may for example firmly cooperate with a second locking member arranged at a constant distance from the rotational axis of the distance setting member.

It is advantageous if the second distance locking member is configured in the form of a distance locking body which can be deflected out of the basic position against the action of the biasing element. Thus, when the distance setting member is rotated, the distance locking body may move against the action of the biasing element and successively engage between adjacent teeth of the distance toothing.

In particular, a particularly compact construction of the alignment device is made possible by the direction of action of the biasing element extending parallel or substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the distance setting member.

It is advantageous if the first distance locking member is arranged or formed to project from the distance setting member in a direction towards the basic body. In particular, the distance setting member may comprise or support a toothed element.

In order to easily and securely maintain the set distance even under load when using the sawing template, it is advantageous if the first distance locking member is at a greater distance from the rotational axis of the setting member than the sliding catch.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the angle changing device comprises an angle step setting device for setting a discrete angle between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part. This enables the surgeon to vary the angle in discrete steps (for example in steps of 1 °) in a simple manner, in turn in order to thus obtain an optimal and precise adjustment and positioning of the sawing template.

It is advantageous if the angular step setting means is constructed in the form of an angular locking mechanism comprising a first and a second angular locking part cooperating with each other, and if said first and second angular locking parts engage at discrete angles between the fastening element receiver and the first coupling part. The discrete angular steps can thus be set in a simple manner by the surgeon.

If the first angle locking part and the second angle locking part are arranged or formed on the angle setting part on the one hand and on the base body on the other hand, the alignment device can be constructed in a simple and compact manner.

In order to be able to specify a plurality of discrete angular steps, it is advantageous if the plurality of first angle locking parts are configured in the form of teeth forming an angular toothing. Such an angular toothing may in particular cooperate with a single second angular locking member which is able to engage between adjacent teeth of the angular toothing and thus specify a defined angular position.

The angle toothing is preferably arranged or formed concentrically around the angle setting member rotation axis. This makes the structure of the angle changing device simple and compact.

It is advantageous if the second angle locking part is constructed in the form of an angle locking body which is partially deflected out of the basic position against the action of the biasing element. In particular, if the angle-locking body is configured in the form of a ball and the biasing element is configured in the form of a compression spring, a ball pressure piece can thus be formed.

In particular, by means of the common biasing element associated with the second distance locking member and the second angle locking member, a particularly compact construction of the alignment device may be achieved. Thus, a double ball pressure element can be effectively formed which cooperates on the one hand with the angle toothing and on the other hand with the distance toothing. The biasing element may in particular be arranged in a recess, for example a hole, of the base body.

The direction of action of the biasing element preferably extends parallel or substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the angle setting member. It is thus possible to achieve a maximum locking force when the first angle locking part and the second angle locking part cooperate. The same applies to the biasing element cooperating with the second distance locking member.

It is advantageous if the first angle locking means is arranged or formed to project from the angle setting means in a direction towards the base body. The first angle locking part can thus cooperate in a simple manner with the second angle locking part projecting from the base body.

It is advantageous if the first angle locking part is at a greater distance from the rotational axis of the angle setting part than the pivoting catch. Thus, especially when using a sawing template, the set angle can be easily and securely maintained even under load.

It is further advantageous if the fastening element receiver is arranged or formed on the sliding element. In particular, the fastening element receiver can be configured in the form of a bore (for example in the form of a bore hole) which is rotationally symmetrical in cross section. This configuration enables, in particular, the sliding element, and thus the entire alignment device, to pivot about the rotation axis or pivot axis defined by the fastening element receiver. Thus, a rough positioning of the sawing template on the bone can be performed first. Then fine adjustment is performed using the distance changing means and the angle changing means. Furthermore, this arrangement of the fastening element receivers enables the change of distance and angle to be made continuously as it is. By means of the distance changing device, the base body can be displaced relative to the sliding element and thus relative to the fastening element receiver. Furthermore, the first coupling part can be pivoted independently of the change in distance relative to the base body and can therefore also be pivoted independently of the change in distance relative to the fastening element receiver. Furthermore, the fastening element receiver may be configured in the form of an elongated sleeve in order to improve the stability of the connection between the sliding element and the fastening element. In particular, a gap between the fastening element passing through the fastening element receiver and the sliding element can thus be minimized.

It is advantageous if the medical sawing template system comprises at least one fastening element for anchoring in a bone. The fastening element may be used, inter alia, for arranging and positioning the alignment device on the bone. The fastening element is then guided through a fastening element receiver of the alignment device, which may be arranged, in particular, on the sliding element. The additional fastening elements can be used in particular for fixing a sawing template brought to a desired position by the surgeon on the bone before he/she places the sawing cuts guided by the sawing template on the bone with the surgical saw.

If the at least one fastening element is configured in the form of a bone pin or in the form of a bone screw, the sawing template system can be fixed on the bone in a simple manner. In particular, the fastening element may have a cylindrical section, which may be rotatably guided in a fastening element receptacle of the alignment device.

It is advantageous if the sawing template system comprises a sawing template with at least one guide perforation for a saw blade. The guide perforations may in particular be configured in the form of guide slots. The sawing template may have two, three or more guide slots.

In order to be able to fix the template to the bone in a defined manner, it is advantageous if the template comprises at least one template fastening element receptacle for receiving at least one fastening element. Preferably, at least two rip fence fastening element receivers are provided that define longitudinal axes that extend non-parallel to one another.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the sawing template comprises a second coupling part for forming an engagement with the first coupling part. Thus, the sawing template can be separated from the alignment device as desired. In particular, when the sawing template is fixed in a defined position on the bone with the corresponding fastening elements, the alignment device can thus be released from the sawing template. The alignment device, which is then in an interference state, may then be removed prior to placing the saw cut in order to clean the surgical site as much as possible.

It is further advantageous if the sawing template is connected to or formed integrally with the first coupling part in a non-releasable manner. A particularly play-free connection between the fastening element receiver of the alignment device and the sawing template can thus be formed.

In order to be able to determine the position of the sawing template in space as precisely as possible, it is advantageous if the sawing template comprises at least one first coupling element for forming an engagement with a second coupling element of a medical reference unit. The medical reference unit can in particular be configured to be detected by a medical navigation system, in particular a detection device of the medical navigation system, in order to be able to identify the position and/or orientation of the sawing template in space. In particular, the alignment of the sawing template on the bone can thus be carried out by the surgeon with the support of the navigation.

It is advantageous if the sawing template system comprises a medical reference unit whose position and/or orientation in space can be determined with a medical navigation system. As described above, the sawing template can thus be positioned on and aligned relative to the bone with navigation support in order to prepare the bone surface required for implantation of the joint implant.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the reference unit is arranged or formed on the sawing template or that the reference unit comprises a second coupling element for forming an engagement with the first coupling element of the sawing template in the coupling position. In particular, when the sawing template is positioned and fixed on the bone in the desired manner, the reference unit can thus be removed from the sawing template. Thus, the surgeon has more space available at the surgical site.

Drawings

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided for further explanation in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1: a diagrammatic perspective general view of a medical saw template system secured to a tibia is shown;

FIG. 2: a partial perspective exploded schematic view of the rip fence system from fig. 1 is shown;

FIG. 3: another perspective view of the arrangement from fig. 2 is shown;

FIG. 4: a view from the arrangement of fig. 2 in the direction of arrow a is shown;

FIG. 5: a view from the arrangement of fig. 4 in the direction of arrow B is shown;

FIG. 6: a view from the arrangement of fig. 4 in the direction of arrow C is shown; and is

FIG. 7: a cross-sectional view along line 7-7 in fig. 4 is shown.