阅读说明：本技术 一种颌面深处异物定位工具及其使用方法 (Foreign body positioning tool in deep jaw face and using method thereof ) 是由 罗恩 许春炜 杜文 刘显 刘航航 唐丽 赵秋成 朱照琨 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种颌面深处异物定位工具,包括套设在人体牙列处的咬合板和与异物接触的导杆,所述导杆包括用于定位异物的定位杆、连接块和转向头,所述咬合板靠近人体颊部一侧具有固定连接块的连接装置,所述连接装置上具有第一连接孔,所述连接块具有与所述第一连接孔互相配合的固定柱,所述转向头的其中一侧面具有固定所述定位杆的第二插孔,本发明在使用过程中,通过从影像学上进行定位,利用定位杆将定位信息转移到术中操作上,无任何辐射,对医疗机构无硬件设备要求,术中安置过程简单,成本低,效率高,节省手术时间,实现真正的3D导航,通过转向头、标记区和指针的设置,提高定位杆的调整精度。(The invention discloses a foreign body positioning tool in the depth of maxillofacial area, which comprises an occlusal plate sleeved at the dentition of a human body and a guide rod contacted with the foreign body, wherein the guide rod comprises a positioning rod, a connecting block and a steering head, the positioning rod is used for positioning the foreign body, one side of the occlusal plate close to the cheek of the human body is provided with a connecting device for fixing the connecting block, the connecting device is provided with a first connecting hole, the connecting block is provided with a fixing column matched with the first connecting hole, one side surface of the steering head is provided with a second jack for fixing the positioning rod The setting of mark area and pointer improves the adjustment accuracy of locating lever.)

1. The foreign matter positioning tool in the depth of the maxillofacial region is characterized by comprising an occlusal plate sleeved at the upper jaw dentition of a human body and a guide rod in contact with the foreign matter, wherein the guide rod comprises a positioning rod, a connecting block and a steering head, the positioning rod is used for positioning the foreign matter, one side of the occlusal plate, close to the cheek of the human body, is provided with a connecting device for fixing the connecting block, the connecting device is provided with a first connecting hole, the connecting block is provided with a fixing column which is matched with the first connecting hole, one side surface of the steering head is provided with a second insertion hole for fixing the positioning rod, and the steering head can rotate on the connecting block.

2. The deep maxillofacial foreign body positioning tool of claim 1, wherein the steering head has a mounting groove for fitting over the connecting block, and the vertical opposite surfaces of the mounting groove are provided with hemispherical projections, and the vertical opposite surfaces of the connecting block are provided with hemispherical grooves for engaging with the hemispherical projections.

3. The tool for locating foreign body at deep maxillofacial region according to claim 2, wherein a space is provided between the groove bottom of the mounting groove and the connecting block.

4. The deep foreign body positioning tool of jaw face as claimed in claims 1 to 3, wherein the connection block has arc guide grooves on its surface near the upper and lower dentitions, and the arc guide grooves are near one side of the human body's large teeth, the mounting groove has thread guide holes at the corresponding position to the arc guide grooves, and the thread guide holes are near one side of the lower dentition, and the thread guide holes have screw rods therein, and the screw rods can slide in the arc guide grooves.

5. The tool for locating foreign bodies deep in maxillofacial region as claimed in claim 4, wherein said connecting block has a marking area on the side close to the arc-shaped guide groove and close to the human molar teeth, and a pointer cooperating with said marking area is provided on the wall of said mounting groove, and said marking area has a marking point cooperating with said pointer.

6. The method for using the tool for locating foreign bodies in the depth of the maxillofacial region as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

step 1: recording position information between the foreign matter and the jaw bone through a multi-layer spiral CT shot before the operation of the patient;

step 2: before operation, an optical scanner is used for obtaining an STL digital dental model, the dental model is matched with dentition information of CT data to obtain a jaw bone model with high-precision upper jaw dentition, a digital occlusal splint is manufactured and can cover the upper jaw dentition of a patient, at least half of the dentition on the affected side needs to be covered by the occlusal splint, and the thickness of the occlusal splint is larger than 5 mm;

and step 3: the method is designed based on preoperative CT and a tooth model and comprises an occlusal plate, a connecting device and a guide rod, the designed product is subjected to 3D printing, and the foreign body can be positioned by taking dentition of a patient as reference;

and 4, step 4: intraoperatively, the occlusal plate obtained in step 3 is covered on the dentition of a patient, and a guide bar is fixed to the occlusal plate by a connecting device, and all positional information is in the order of "foreign body → jaw → tooth → occlusal plate → connecting device → guide bar".

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a foreign body positioning tool in the depth of a maxillofacial region and a using method thereof.

Background

The diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies in the deep jaw face are complex, particularly, the foreign bodies are positioned in a space formed by the inner side of a lower jaw ascending support, the side of a pharynx and the cervical vertebra, the anatomical structure is complex, the vascular nerves are rich, and the diagnosis and treatment plan of doctors is examined very well.

The imaging technology can perform positioning from the imaging technology, but cannot transfer the positioning to the operation in the operation, an operation navigation system is designed based on CT and MRI data before the operation, a dynamic reference system needs to be arranged and corrected, the operation process is complicated, a medical institution needs to be provided with the equipment and related personnel, the hardware requirement and doctor level requirement of the medical institution are high, meanwhile, navigation information fed back to a doctor by the operation navigation system is still a bitmap and is not real 3D navigation, C-arm can continuously transmit in the operation to guide the real-time position in the operation, however, images displayed by the C-arm are 2 perspective bitmaps with different angles, the efficiency is low, the 3D guiding effect is poor, and the use of the C-arm can bring continuous radiation to medical personnel and patients.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a foreign body positioning tool in the depth of the maxillofacial region, which has a simple structure and is convenient to use, and a use method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a foreign matter positioning tool in a maxillofacial depth comprises an occlusal plate and a guide rod, wherein the occlusal plate is sleeved at an upper jaw dentition of a human body, the guide rod is in contact with the foreign matter, the guide rod comprises a positioning rod, a connecting block and a steering head, the positioning rod is used for positioning the foreign matter, one side, close to a cheek of the human body, of the occlusal plate is provided with a connecting device for fixing the connecting block, the connecting device is provided with a first connecting hole, the connecting block is provided with a fixing column which is matched with the first connecting hole, one side face of the steering head is provided with a second insertion hole for fixing the positioning rod, and.

The position of the foreign body in the jaw is determined according to the examination image data of an X-ray, CT, MRI, C-arm and the like of a patient before operation, the operation is designed, the preoperative positioning information is transferred to the operation in the operation, the angle pointed by the positioning rod can be adjusted in real time through the steering head along with the requirement of the operation process in the operation process, and the positioning rods with different lengths can be replaced at any time through the second jack, so that the positioning rod 23 respectively guides the position of an initial incision, the soft tissue stripping direction and the foreign body in the operation, the real 3D navigation is realized, the whole process has no radiation, no hardware equipment requirement is required for a medical institution, and meanwhile, the positioning tool has few parts, low production and use cost, the placement process in the operation is simple, the operation efficiency is improved, and the operation time is saved.

Preferably, the steering head is provided with a mounting groove which can be sleeved on the connecting block, hemispherical convex blocks are arranged on vertical opposite surfaces in the mounting groove, and hemispherical grooves matched with the hemispherical convex blocks are arranged on the vertical opposite surfaces on the connecting block.

Through the cooperation of mounting groove, hemisphere lug and hemisphere recess, utilize full mechanical structure to let to turn to the head and can rotate on the connecting block, reduction in production cost is low, makes simultaneously and makes simply.

Preferably, a distance is reserved between the groove bottom of the mounting groove and the connecting block.

The distance between the groove bottom of the mounting groove and the connecting block is larger than the distance between the groove and the side, close to the human molar teeth, of the connecting block, and therefore sufficient distance between the connecting block and the steering head is guaranteed for the steering head to rotate and adjust on the connecting block.

Preferably, the connecting block all is equipped with the arc guide way near the face of last dentition and dentition down, just the arc guide way is close to one side of human big tooth, the mounting groove with the position that the arc guide way corresponds is equipped with the screw thread guiding hole, just the screw thread guiding hole is close to dentition one side down, be equipped with the screw rod in the screw thread guiding hole, just the screw rod can slide in the arc guide way.

The screw rod, the thread guide hole and the arc guide groove are arranged, the contact surface of the arc guide groove and the end surface of the screw rod is narrow, the contact surface far away from the end surface of the screw rod is wide, the steering head can be locked after the screw rod is deep, the position of the steering head on the connecting block is locked after the angle of the steering head is adjusted, the problem that the position of a positioning rod slides to cause reduction of positioning precision in an operation process can be avoided, meanwhile, the end part of the screw rod can slide in the arc guide groove, and when the angle of the steering head on the connecting block needs to be adjusted, the adjusting resistance of the steering head is reduced.

Preferably, one side of the connecting block, which is close to the arc-shaped guide groove and close to the human body molar teeth, is provided with a marking area, the wall of the mounting groove is provided with a pointer which is matched with the marking area, and the marking area is provided with a marking point which is matched with the pointer.

The mark area is used for recording foreign matter information, the rotating angle of the steering head in the arc-shaped guide groove is recorded, the mark area and the pointer are arranged, the mark area and the pointer have an auxiliary effect when the position of the steering head is adjusted, the position of the steering head which needs to be rotated each time in the operation process is marked in the mark area according to the operation designed before the operation, and the angle of the steering head in the connecting block is adjusted through the pointer, so that the accuracy of adjusting the steering head each time is higher.

The use method of the foreign body positioning tool in the depth of the maxillofacial region comprises the following steps:

step 1: position information between the foreign matter and the jaw bone is recorded through multi-layer spiral CT shot before the operation of the patient.

Step 2: an STL digital dental model is obtained by using an optical scanner before operation, the dental model is matched with dentition information of CT data to obtain a jaw bone model with high-precision upper jaw dentition, a digital occlusal splint is manufactured and can cover the upper jaw dentition of a patient, at least half of the dentition on the affected side needs to be covered by the occlusal splint, and the thickness of the occlusal splint is larger than 5 mm.

And step 3: design based on CT before art and tooth model, constitute by occlusal splint, connecting device, guide arm, the product of design carries out 3D and prints, can use patient's dentition as the reference, fixes a position the foreign matter.

And 4, step 4: intraoperatively, the bite plate obtained in step 3 is covered on the maxillary dentition of the patient, and the guide bar is fixed to the bite plate by the connecting device, and all the positional information is in the order of "foreign body → jaw → tooth → bite plate → connecting device → guide bar".

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in the operation design process, the positioning is performed from the aspect of imaging, in the using process, the positioning information is transferred to the operation in the operation by utilizing the positioning rod, no radiation exists, no hardware equipment requirement on medical institutions exists, the placement process in the operation is simple, the cost is low, the efficiency is high, the operation time is saved, and the real 3D navigation is realized.

2. Through the arrangement of the steering head, the marking area and the pointer, the steering angle of the positioning rod can be adjusted according to the position of the foreign body and the surgical access, and different surgical accesses are met.

3. Through the setting of arc guide way, screw thread guiding hole and screw rod, will turn to the position lock of head on the connecting block and die, can avoid the problem that the position of locating lever slides and causes the intraoperative positioning accuracy to reduce in the operation process.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connector block of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the steering head structure of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. the steering gear comprises a bite plate, 11, a connecting device, 2, a guide rod, 21, a connecting block, 210, a hemispherical groove, 211, a fixing column, 212, an arc-shaped guide groove, 213, a marking area, 214, a marking point, 22, a steering head, 221, a first insertion hole, 222, a mounting groove, 223, a hemispherical bump, 224, a threaded guide hole, 225, a pointer, 23 and a positioning rod.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.