阅读说明：本技术 紫皮石斛高芽诱导育苗法 (High-bud induced seedling growing method for dendrobium devonianum ) 是由 廖勤昌 尹卓平 左大磊 赵菊润 沈定才 李丽梅 代家荣 李能波 陈绍凤 于 2019-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种紫皮石斛高芽诱导育苗法,其是选择适宜的紫皮石斛栽培基地为母本园,优选繁殖母株,营造适宜条件诱导不定芽萌发为叶芽并长成健壮新植株；本发明的方法成苗率高,苗壮,成苗早,节约育苗成本,方法简单,易操作,适宜推广。(The invention discloses a high-bud induced seedling method of dendrobium devoninum paxt, which selects a proper dendrobium devoninum paxt cultivation base as a female parent garden, optimally breeds a parent plant, builds proper conditions to induce adventitious buds to germinate into leaf buds and grow into a new robust plant; the method has the advantages of high seedling rate, strong seedlings, early seedling, seedling cost saving, simplicity, easy operation and suitability for popularization.)

1. A high-bud induced seedling method for dendrobium devonianum comprises four steps of selecting propagation materials, inducing and cultivating, hardening seedlings and shearing grown seedlings, and is characterized in that,

selecting propagation materials with the preferred altitude of 1200-1600 m, adopting a simple facility intensive wild-imitating cultivation mode, and taking a strong and healthy purple dendrobium improved variety propagation garden without plant diseases and insect pests or a cultivation base of the purple dendrobium with wild grass as a female parent garden after cultivation for 1-2 years;

inducing cultivation, namely building a small arched shed which is 60-80 cm higher than a cultivation bed on the cultivation bed by using bamboo chips according to the specification of the cultivation bed, covering the shed with a plastic film, compacting the shed until the shed is covered to the ground by using soil blocks, controlling the temperature in the shed to be 20-22 ℃, and timely uncovering the film to control the temperature when the temperature is higher than 22 ℃ in the daytime;

hardening seedlings, namely hardening the seedlings for 3-4 months in the next year, and removing the small arched shed for hardening the seedlings when 80 percent of germinated leaf buds grow to 2-3 cm and root systems grow to 2-3 strips and 1-2 cm;

cutting the grown seedlings, hardening the seedlings for 15-20 days, selecting a sunny day when leaves have no dew, cutting off leaf buds according to 1-2 stem nodes, soaking the cut leaves in 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 5 seconds, and then drying the leaves in the sun for 30 minutes, thus obtaining the transplanting.

2. The method for cultivating dendrobium devoninum paxt high-bud induction seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the propagation material is preferably an improved variety propagation nursery which can be used as a propagation stock plant in the whole garden, the wild bush cultivation base is 9 months, and a strain bush of a high-quality high-yield ecotype with a large leaf and a broad egg shape is selected as the propagation stock plant in the early mature period of the current fresh strips.

3. The high bud induction seedling method of Dendrobium devonianum according to claims 1-2, wherein 1-2 thick, short and full mature fresh strips between the nodes are reserved for each group of breeding stock plants as seed strips when the annual fresh strips of the female parent garden are mature in 11 months, and the rest mature fresh strips are cut in time for harvesting.

4. The high-bud induced seedling method of dendrobium devonianum according to claim 1, wherein fertilizer and water management and pest control are carried out timely in the induced cultivation, and fertilizer and water management and pest control are carried out according to the conditions of a maternal garden after spring beginning in the next year.

5. The high bud induction seedling method of dendrobium devoninum paxt as claimed in claim 4, wherein the flower buds are controlled and the leaf buds are promoted to observe axillary bud germination, the flower buds and the leaf buds are distinguished, the flower buds are cut off in time, and the leaf buds are promoted to germinate and grow.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a high-bud induced seedling method for dendrobium devonianum.

Background

Dendrobium nobile is a perennial herb epiphytic plant, is a large genus of Orchidaceae plants, and some varieties in the genus are often used for treating diseases and strengthening the body, such as Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium nobile and in recent years, Dendrobium nobile, a new beautiful dendrobium which is red due to famous magpie. The product of the Dendrobium devonianum Paxton is well received by people, and the product is harvested by wild Dendrobium and can not greatly follow the market demand increase, so that various artificial Dendrobium cultivation methods can be produced. In order to meet the requirement of large-scale production, various breeding technologies of dendrobium seedlings are continuously updated, a large number of dendrobium seedlings are provided, and the large-scale planting production of the dendrobium devonianum is effectively guaranteed. The advantages and disadvantages of the seedling raising methods are different from each other, and like the traditional direct seeding seedling raising method of seeds, mature fine seeds are scattered in rice water and are coated on the living trees by a brush to naturally grow into seedlings.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for inducing dendrobium devonianum seedlings to sprout at high speed. So as to provide a method with higher seedling breeding efficiency.

The invention discloses a high-bud induced seedling method for dendrobium devoninum paxt, which comprises four steps of optimizing propagation materials, inducing and cultivating, hardening seedlings and shearing mature seedlings, wherein the optimization of the propagation materials is as follows: selecting an altitude of 1200-1600 m, adopting a simple facility intensive wild-imitating cultivation mode, and taking a cultivation base of healthy and strong purple dendrobium improved variety breeding gardens without diseases and insect pests or purple dendrobium with wild grass as a maternal garden after cultivation for 1-2 years;

the induction culture:

building a small arched shed which is 60-80 cm higher than the cultivation bed on the cultivation bed by using bamboo chips according to the specification of the cultivation bed, covering the shed by using a plastic film, compacting the shed by using soil blocks until the ground is covered, controlling the temperature in the shed to be kept at 20-22 ℃, and timely uncovering the film to control the temperature when the temperature is higher than 22 ℃ in the daytime;

hardening seedlings:

in 3-4 months in the next year, when 80% of germinated leaf buds grow to 2-3 cm and the root systems grow to 2-3 strips and 1-2 cm, removing the small arched shed for hardening seedlings;

the seedling shearing:

after hardening seedlings for 15-20 days, in sunny days when leaves have no dew, cutting off leaf buds according to 1-2 stem nodes, soaking in 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 5 seconds, and then drying in the sun for 30 minutes to obtain the seedlings for transplantation.

Further, the propagation material is preferably:

the improved variety breeding garden can be used as a breeding mother plant in the whole garden, the wild bush cultivation base is in 9 months, and in the early stage of the maturity of the fresh strips in the current year, a large-leaf broad-egg type high-quality high-yield ecological plant cluster is selected as the breeding mother plant.

And (3) in 11 months, when the annual fresh strips of the female parent garden are mature, 1-2 thick, short and full mature fresh strips among the internodes are reserved for each group of the breeding stock plant as seed strips, and the rest mature fresh strips are cut in time to be harvested.

Further, the induced cultivation is carried out on fertilizer and water management and pest control at a proper time, and the fertilizer and water management and pest control are carried out according to the conditions of the maternal garden after the spring of the next year.

Furthermore, flower bud control and leaf bud promotion are carried out by observing axillary bud germination, distinguishing flower buds and leaf buds, cutting off the flower buds in time, and promoting the leaf bud germination and growth.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method for breeding and seedling the dendrobium devonianum by high bud propagation is innovated, and the method is simple and easy to operate;

2. the cost is saved, the new method directly utilizes the existing implementation of the female parent garden to breed the seedlings, and the construction cost of seedling implementation is saved;

3. the seedling rate is high and reaches more than 80 percent, and is improved by more than 20 percent compared with the existing dendrobium devoninum paxt high-bud seedling culture method;

4. the seedling time is advanced by more than 30 days, the seedlings can be transplanted in 4-5 months by the new method, and the seedlings can be transplanted in 5-6 months by the existing dendrobium devoninum paxt high-bud seedling method;

5. the new method can continuously obtain the nutrient supply of the stock plant and induce to form strong seedlings because the breeding seed strips do not separate from the stock plant.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples for facilitating understanding of those skilled in the art, and the description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.