阅读说明：本技术 一种具有斯斑效应20k耐腐蚀耐脆断金合金及其工艺 (20K corrosion-resistant brittle fracture-resistant gold alloy with spotty effect and process thereof ) 是由 刘亚军 于 2019-05-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有斯斑效应20K耐腐蚀耐脆断金合金及其工艺。按重量百分比计,合金的组成为：Mn:0.5-0.8wt.%,Ga:0.1-0.3wt.%,Pd:1.0-2.0wt.%,Hf:0.2-0.5wt.%,In:2.0-2.5wt.%,B:0.1-0.2wt.%,Os:0.4-0.8wt.%,Au:83.0-84.0wt.%,余量为银。该合金为首饰用金合金提供了一种具备斯斑效应的金合金,也就是采用该材料制备的金首饰表面会有珍珠斑的色彩斑斓。由于首饰表面观感出众且冶炼和加工工艺简单,该材料在用于首饰行业后在解决国内外市场急需的同时,也会获得极大的经济价值。(The invention discloses a 20K corrosion-resistant brittle fracture-resistant gold alloy with a sponging effect and a process thereof. The alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-0.8wt.% of Mn, 0.1-0.3wt.% of Ga, 1.0-2.0wt.% of Pd, 0.2-0.5wt.% of Hf, 2.0-2.5wt.% of In, 0.1-0.2wt.% of B, 0.4-0.8wt.% of Os, 83.0-84.0wt.% of Au, and the balance of silver. The alloy provides gold alloy with a spot effect for gold alloy for jewelry, namely gold jewelry prepared by the alloy has bright pearl spots on the surface. Because the surface appearance of the jewelry is outstanding and the smelting and processing process is simple, the material can obtain great economic value while meeting the urgent needs of domestic and foreign markets after being used in the jewelry industry.)

1. A20K corrosion-resistant brittle fracture-resistant gold alloy with a spot effect and a process thereof are characterized in that the alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.5-0.8wt.% of Mn, 0.1-0.3wt.% of Ga, 1.0-2.0wt.% of Pd, 0.2-0.5wt.% of Hf, 2.0-2.5wt.% of In, 0.1-0.2wt.% of B, 0.4-0.8wt.% of Os, 83.0-84.0wt.% of Au, and the balance of silver.

2. The 20K corrosion-resistant brittle fracture-resistant gold alloy with the spotty effect and the process thereof according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) preparing materials: weighing the raw materials according to the mass percentage; (b) smelting: smelting by adopting a non-vacuum induction smelting furnace protected by argon, wherein a graphite crucible is adopted as a crucible; keeping the temperature at 1150-plus-1200 ℃ for 10 minutes, fully stirring the alloy melt by using electromagnetic stirring, then casting by using an iron mold, and rapidly cooling by water cooling, (c) carrying out subsequent pressure processing and heat treatment: rolling the obtained cast ingot at room temperature, wherein the rolling reduction amount of each pass is 5-8%, after each four times of rolling, the intermediate vacuum annealing temperature is 400-500 ℃, the heat preservation is performed for 1.0-2.0 hours, finally, the material is rolled into a plate with the thickness of 10-15mm, after polishing in the jewelry forming process, the final quenching engineering is needed, and the process is that after vacuum heating to 600-700 ℃, the heat preservation is performed for 40-50 minutes, and then water quenching is performed on the alloy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of alloys, in particular to a gold-based alloy.

Background

Pure gold has a very beautiful yellow luster and good chemical stability. The color change is not easy to occur when heating, namely, the excellent oxidation resistance. In the history and the domestic and foreign consumption markets, gold is always used as a jewelry material and is favored by people. With the improvement of the modern consumption consciousness, the jewelry made of gold is continuously renewed. Conventionally, gold jewelry, which is a single gold jewelry, has been replaced by gold alloys which are beautiful and have a wide variety of varieties. These gold alloys are used not only for jewelry but also for watchcases, watch bands, spectacle frames and various handicrafts. Besides different colors (usually white, yellow, red, pink and the like), the gold alloy has good chemical stability, good surface anti-discoloration performance and excellent processing technology.

These gold alloys are conventional gold alloys for ornaments. In recent years, with the demand of people for further improvement of living standard, people further develop a new generation of gold-based alloy material by utilizing alloy phase change and crystal structure, and the gold-based alloy material is used for the demand of high-end jewelry industry. Among them, the best known is the Spangold (Spangold). Spangold is a compound noun consisting of two words, span and gold, meaning a gorgeous and flickering gold alloy. That is, the alloy produces a gorgeous effect under the irradiation of light due to the phase change after polishing. After the alloy is introduced into noble metal for ornament decoration, the alloy draws wide attention at home and abroad.

Although the starchy alloy can produce a gorgeous effect similar to the color of a shell under the sunshine, the development of the alloy products is still in the initial stage internationally. The existing aurbach alloy not only has the phenomenon of spot effect decline caused by the problem of corrosivity, but also has the phenomenon of jewelry brittleness and brittle failure caused by aging in use. The current situations seriously restrict the further popularization and industrialization of the alloy materials for the jewelry in the world.

With the further development of the economy of China, people have more and more vigorous demands on alloy materials for jewelry. The problem of the Sphaemagma alloy industry is not solved for a long time, the market sales volume and the use experience of the product are influenced, and the occupation of the product in the international market is also severely limited. The crystal structure and the phase change in the alloy are the underlying information for designing the alloy, and the design method which couples the thermodynamics and the kinetics means can carry out advanced innovation on the material. Therefore, in the face of intense market competition in domestic and foreign markets, the development of novel stellite alloys must be accelerated at an innovative pace. The method is not only the need of survival and development of the jewelry industry in China, but also the main trend of development in the world at present. The novel Kingsky-spot alloy provided by the patent for solving the industrial problems can show excellent corrosion resistance and brittle failure resistance after having pearl-like color.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a 20K corrosion-resistant brittle fracture-resistant gold alloy with a sponging effect and a process thereof. After the gold alloy is used for preparing jewelry, the appearance can generate a spot effect similar to the surface of a shell under the irradiation of light, and the gold alloy also has excellent corrosion resistance and brittle fracture resistance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A20K corrosion resistant brittle fracture resistant gold alloy with a spotty effect and a process thereof. The alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-0.8wt.% of Mn, 0.1-0.3wt.% of Ga, 1.0-2.0wt.% of Pd, 0.2-0.5wt.% of Hf, 2.0-2.5wt.% of In, 0.1-0.2wt.% of B, 0.4-0.8wt.% of Os, 83.0-84.0wt.% of Au, and the balance of silver.

The preparation and use method of the 20K corrosion-resistant brittle fracture-resistant gold alloy with the sponging effect comprises the following steps: (a) preparing materials: weighing the raw materials according to the mass percentage; (b) smelting: smelting by adopting a non-vacuum induction smelting furnace protected by argon, wherein a graphite crucible is adopted as a crucible; keeping the temperature at 1150-plus-1200 ℃ for 10 minutes, fully stirring the alloy melt by using electromagnetic stirring, then casting by using an iron mold, and rapidly cooling by water cooling, (c) carrying out subsequent pressure processing and heat treatment: rolling the obtained cast ingot at room temperature, wherein the rolling reduction amount of each pass is 5-8%, the intermediate annealing temperature is 400-500 ℃ after each four times of rolling, and the heat preservation is performed for 1.0-2.0 hours, finally, the material is rolled into a plate with the thickness of 10-15mm, after polishing in the jewelry forming process, the final quenching engineering is required, and the process is that after vacuum heating to 600-700 ℃ and heat preservation is performed for 40-50 minutes, water quenching is performed on the alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the surface of the traditional jewelry material is polished to obtain a mirror-like effect, but the gorgeous effect cannot be obtained. To obtain the effect of the starchy alloy on the surface of jewelry, namely the beautiful color phenomenon generated by the similar shells under the illumination of light, the phase change and the crystal structure of the alloy must be microscopically regulated and controlled. When martensite transformation can be generated in the alloy, the fence structure formed by the embossment generated on the surface can diffract light, so that a shell-like effect is generated. At present, in the international range, the varieties of jewelry based on the Siban alloy are very few, and the alloy materials for developing the jewelry are more few. With the rapid development of economy in China, the jewelry industry further occupies the international market, and the traditional Siban alloy is required to be innovated in materials to design a novel Siban alloy with excellent performance. This market demand is precisely reflected in the 20K corrosion resistant brittle fracture resistant gold alloy and its process protected by this patent application with the spot effect.

(2) The alloy has a melting point of 950-980 ℃, and has very excellent flow property and mold filling property. Meanwhile, the air-absorbing material has very low air-absorbing performance in the smelting process, and can reduce the generation of scum to the maximum extent. After the casting is carried out by adopting the traditional casting process, the surface state of the casting is good, the contraction tendency of the alloy is small, and the hole proportion of the alloy is less than 0.5 percent of the volume ratio on the whole. After rolling, the compactness of the alloy can reach more than 99.8 percent of the theoretical density. In addition, the material can overcome the defect of hard spots in the traditional Si-spot alloy, namely, foreign matters with high hardness, namely gold slag, appear on the surface or inside the jewelry. These hard spots can cause very severe scratches when the jewelry is polished, which seriously reduces the smoothness of the jewelry surface and the customer's acceptance. Traditionally, such problems are only discovered during the polishing process of jewelry, and thus a great deal of manpower and material resources are spent for repairing at a later stage. More seriously, with a fine distribution of hard spots, it is also eventually difficult to repair and result in scrap. Therefore, the jewelry gold alloy protected by the patent application provides a hard spot defect phenomenon which is overcome in the traditional scab gold alloy on the basis of a material structure.

(3) The alloy has good mechanical property to meet the requirement of jewelry materials, wherein the yield strength is 120-140MPa, the tensile strength reaches 250-280MPa, the elongation is 30-40%, and the Vickers hardness is 70-80 and 150-160 respectively after the solution treatment and furnace cooling and quenching. Because the plasticity of the material is extremely outstanding, the material can be used for manufacturing jewelry under the condition of cold stamping, wherein the deformation can reach more than 60 percent without cracking caused by hardening in the processing process. Meanwhile, after the martensitic transformation occurs by quenching, any scratch is not generated even if the nail is scratched on the surface due to the outstanding hardness property.

(4) The material has yellow color in cast state and quenching state, and the main color of the alloy is still yellow after polishing and quenching, but the alloy twinkles with brilliant colors such as white, red, blue and the like. Each crystal grain presents a layered structure formed by lath-shaped or twin crystals which are arranged very regularly. The jewelry prepared by the material has stable corrosion resistance to strong acid and strong alkaline sweat, and the corrosion speed is 1.0-2.510 under the condition of simulating artificial sweat^-4mm/year, so that the material has no obvious corrosion phenomenon within 10 years in actual use.

(5) In addition, the material can overcome structural fragility caused by ordering which occurs in conventional gold alloys. In the range of common gold alloy components, an ordered structure is formed in the cooling process after casting or after welding, and even in the cooling process of stone-inlaid flame-retardant paint, so that the brittleness of the material is increased, the ornament is likely to break under the action of external force or impact slightly in the casting post-treatment process of the ornament, and great trouble and difficulty are brought to the production of the ornament. The alloy has long-term aging stability, and after 5 years of use, the plastic deformation amount caused by the strength and hardness increase caused by natural aging is reduced by not more than 1-3%. After the material is prepared into jewelry, the phenomena of brittle failure and surface shedding can not occur after the material is used for 5 years.

Detailed Description