阅读说明：本技术 利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的烧结型透水砖及其制备方法 (Sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing polyurethane composite leftover material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 许林 郭焕祥 朱维珍 韦明 隋健 于喜海 于 2019-08-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的烧结型透水砖及其制备方法,属于建筑材料领域；其特点是,烧结型透水砖包含以下重量份原料：由矿渣45-55份、高岭土20-30份、聚氨酯复合边角料粉料3-5份、石英粉4-8份、水8-12份制备的基层,由污泥粉3-5份、粉煤灰8-12份、高岭土4-6份、聚氨酯复合边角料粉料2-5份、水3-6份制备的面层；其制备方法包括原料处理、混合方法及布料、烧结工艺；本发明将聚氨酯复合边角料裁断及球磨后,添加到透水砖中,在透水砖烧结的同时实现聚氨酯复合边角料的处理,制成的透水砖强度高,孔道丰富,透水能力好。(The invention discloses a sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing polyurethane composite leftover materials and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of building materials; the sintered water permeable brick is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: the base layer is prepared from 45-55 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of kaolin, 3-5 parts of polyurethane composite leftover material powder, 4-8 parts of quartz powder and 8-12 parts of water, and the surface layer is prepared from 3-5 parts of sludge powder, 8-12 parts of fly ash, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of polyurethane composite leftover material powder and 3-6 parts of water; the preparation method comprises the steps of raw material treatment, a mixing method, material distribution and sintering; according to the invention, the polyurethane composite leftover material is added into the water permeable brick after being cut and ball-milled, and the polyurethane composite leftover material is treated while the water permeable brick is sintered, so that the prepared water permeable brick has high strength, rich pore channels and good water permeability.)

1. The sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing the polyurethane composite leftover material consists of a base layer and a surface layer, and is characterized in that the base layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of kaolin, 3-5 parts of polyurethane composite leftover material powder, 4-8 parts of quartz powder and 8-12 parts of water; the surface layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of sludge powder, 8-12 parts of fly ash, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of polyurethane composite leftover material powder and 3-6 parts of water;

the slag is waste slag discharged after blast furnace ironmaking, and the particle size of the particles is 1-3 mm;

the sludge powder is sludge fine powder obtained by drying and grinding municipal dredged sludge, and the particle size of the sludge fine powder is less than or equal to 150 meshes;

the polyurethane composite leftover material powder is prepared by uniformly mixing polyurethane composite leftover materials after cutting, sieving and ball milling, and the particle size of foam is less than or equal to 150 meshes.

2. The preparation method of the sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing the polyurethane composite leftover material is characterized by comprising the following process steps:

naturally drying municipal dredged sludge, and grinding the sludge into powder to obtain sludge fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 150 meshes;

b, cutting the polyurethane composite leftover materials into small pieces by using a fiber cutting machine, wherein the particle size of the small pieces is less than or equal to 2mm, putting the small pieces with the particle size of less than or equal to 2mm into a ball mill for ball milling, breaking and dispersing textile fibers and glass fiber bundles, grinding polyurethane foam into powder, and obtaining polyurethane composite leftover material powder for later use, wherein the particle size of the foam is less than or equal to 150 meshes;

c, adding slag, kaolin and quartz powder into the stirrer according to the proportion, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly mixing until the mixture of the kaolin and the quartz powder is uniformly coated on the surface of the slag, then adding the polyurethane composite leftover material powder prepared in the step b, uniformly stirring, and performing mechanical vibration extrusion molding to form a base layer of the water permeable brick; the slag is waste slag discharged after blast furnace ironmaking, and the particle size of the particles is 1-3 mm;

d, proportionally adding sludge powder, fly ash, kaolin and the polyurethane composite leftover material powder prepared in the step b into a stirrer, uniformly mixing, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly distributing an upper layer material on the upper part of the base layer of the water permeable brick by using a secondary distributor after uniform mixing, forming under the pressure of 20-30MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and naturally drying;

e, feeding the water permeable brick of the formed and naturally dried polyurethane composite leftover material into a sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 450 ℃ at the room temperature in the first step, keeping the temperature at 450 ℃ for 1h at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, heating to 1150 ~ 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min in the second step, keeping the temperature at the highest temperature for 2h, discharging, and naturally cooling to the room temperature.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing polyurethane composite leftover materials and a preparation method thereof, and especially relates to a sintered water permeable brick produced by taking the polyurethane composite leftover materials as raw materials.

Background art:

in recent years, along with the increase of urbanization process, the urban ground is occupied by buildings, asphalt and cement pavements, so that on one hand, the water permeability of the urban ground is rapidly reduced, and then the underground water level is reduced, the ground is settled and seawater is invaded; on the other hand, urban drainage systems are also increasingly difficult to meet drainage requirements, and when rainstorm falls, a large amount of rainwater is accumulated on the ground frequently, so that great threats are caused to the safety of passing vehicles and pedestrians.

The water permeable brick is a brick body with multiple holes inside, and the communicated holes can ensure that rainwater can penetrate through the brick body to enter the ground to supplement the ground water level; the semi-closed holes can store partial water, slow down the temperature rise of the earth surface and adjust the humidity of the environment. Besides, the porous structure of the water permeable brick can absorb sound and reduce noise. Therefore, the use of the water permeable bricks can obviously improve the urban environment, and the water permeable bricks are increasingly used in districts, sidewalks, parks and other places.

The polyurethane composite leftover material is a redundant material generated after die pressing, punching or water cutting of products such as automobile roofs, sun visors and the like in the processing process, is structurally formed by compounding textile fabrics, glass fibers and polyurethane hard foam materials, and is complex in treatment and difficult to separate. It has been reported that polyurethane composite scrap can be used as a product by pulverizing it and then bonding it into a predetermined shape by adding an adhesive or a thermoplastic resin, but these products still have a problem in handling after the product has reached the end of their useful life.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing polyurethane composite leftover materials.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing the polyurethane composite leftover material.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing the polyurethane composite leftover material comprises a base layer and a surface layer, and is characterized in that the base layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of slag, 20-30 parts of kaolin, 3-5 parts of polyurethane composite leftover material powder, 4-8 parts of quartz powder and 8-12 parts of water; the surface layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of sludge powder, 8-12 parts of fly ash, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 2-5 parts of polyurethane composite leftover material powder and 3-6 parts of water;

the slag is waste slag discharged after blast furnace ironmaking, and the particle size of the particles is 1-3 mm;

the sludge powder is sludge fine powder obtained by drying and grinding municipal dredged sludge, and the particle size of the sludge fine powder is less than or equal to 150 meshes;

the polyurethane composite leftover material powder is prepared by uniformly mixing polyurethane composite leftover materials after cutting, sieving and ball milling, and the particle size of foam is less than or equal to 150 meshes.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a sintered water permeable brick produced by utilizing polyurethane composite leftover materials, which is characterized by comprising the following process steps:

naturally drying municipal dredged sludge, and grinding the sludge into powder to obtain sludge fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 150 meshes;

b, cutting the polyurethane composite leftover materials into small pieces by using a fiber cutting machine, wherein the particle size of the small pieces is less than or equal to 2mm, putting the small pieces with the particle size of less than or equal to 2mm into a ball mill for ball milling, breaking and dispersing textile fibers and glass fiber bundles, grinding polyurethane foam into powder, and obtaining polyurethane composite leftover material powder for later use, wherein the particle size of the foam is less than or equal to 150 meshes;

c, adding slag, kaolin and quartz powder into the stirrer according to the proportion, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly mixing until the mixture of the kaolin and the quartz powder is uniformly coated on the surface of the slag, then adding the polyurethane composite leftover material powder prepared in the step b, uniformly stirring, and performing mechanical vibration extrusion molding to form a base layer of the water permeable brick; the slag is waste slag discharged after blast furnace ironmaking, and the particle size of the particles is 1-3 mm;

d, proportionally adding sludge powder, fly ash, kaolin and the polyurethane composite leftover material powder prepared in the step b into a stirrer, uniformly mixing, adding a proper amount of water, uniformly distributing an upper layer material on the upper part of the base layer of the water permeable brick by using a secondary distributor after uniform mixing, forming under the pressure of 20-30MPa, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and naturally drying;

e, feeding the water permeable brick of the formed and naturally dried polyurethane composite leftover material into a sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 450 ℃ at the room temperature in the first step, keeping the temperature at 450 ℃ for 1h at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, heating to 1150 ~ 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min in the second step, keeping the temperature at the highest temperature for 2h, discharging, and naturally cooling to the room temperature.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the polyurethane composite leftover materials are cut and ball-milled, and then are added into the water permeable bricks, so that the polyurethane composite leftover materials are treated while the water permeable bricks are sintered, and the harm to the environment is reduced; when the water permeable brick is sintered, textile fibers, polyurethane foaming powder and the like in the polyurethane composite leftover material are combusted, and then abundant fine pore passages and pores are formed in the water permeable brick, so that the water permeable brick has better water permeability and water retention capacity; when the water permeable brick is sintered, the glass fiber in the polyurethane composite leftover material has the effect of a high-temperature adhesive, and is used for bonding and adhering other materials, so that the strength of the brick body is improved, and the glass fiber can not scatter when the water permeable brick is crushed and recycled again, so that the body health of an operator is protected; the polyurethane composite leftover materials provide internal combustion raw materials for sintering the water permeable bricks, and gas generated by combustion generates tiny air holes in sintering, so that the pore channels of the water permeable bricks are further enriched, and the water permeability is improved;

2. according to the method, polyurethane composite waste is firstly cut into small blocks with the particle size smaller than 2mm by a fiber cutting machine, then the small blocks are subjected to ball milling by a ball mill, fiber bundles of textile fabrics and glass fiber bundles are dispersed in the ball milling process, polyurethane foam is ground to the small particle size, and then the polyurethane foam is mixed with other materials and then sintered, so that the stability of inner pore channels of the permeable brick is facilitated, the local defect of the permeable brick caused by the fact that the small blocks are directly thrown in is avoided, and the overall strength of the permeable brick is improved.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

for better understanding and implementation, the sintered water permeable brick produced by using the polyurethane composite leftover material and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.