阅读说明：本技术 超临界水冷反应堆冷却剂通道内管外壁测温装置及方法 (Temperature measuring device and method for inner tube outer wall of supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant channel ) 是由 阴勇光 王青青 黄鑫 王海军 宋子琛 于 2019-09-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种超临界水冷反应堆冷却剂通道内管外壁测温装置及方法,解决传统壁面温度测量方法响应时间慢、测量误差大、测点布置难度高等问题。该测温装置包括密封单元和测温单元；密封单元包括引管、基座、底部挤压垫、密封垫、顶部挤压垫和挤压螺帽；引管一端与冷却剂通道外管外壁固定连接,且与冷却剂通道外管相连通,另一端与基座固定连接；底部挤压垫、密封垫、顶部挤压垫由内至外依次设置在基座内,并通过挤压螺帽压紧在基座内；密封垫为非金属弹性密封材料；测温单元包括至少一个热电偶,热电偶的一端固定在冷却剂通道内管外壁上,另一端依次穿过冷却剂通道外管、引管、基座、底部挤压垫、密封垫、顶部挤压垫和挤压螺帽后引出。(The invention relates to a temperature measuring device and method for the outer wall of an inner pipe of a supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant channel, and solves the problems of slow response time, large measurement error, high measurement point arrangement difficulty and the like of the traditional wall surface temperature measuring method. The temperature measuring device comprises a sealing unit and a temperature measuring unit; the sealing unit comprises a guide pipe, a base, a bottom extrusion pad, a sealing pad, a top extrusion pad and an extrusion screw cap; one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the outer pipe of the coolant channel and is communicated with the outer pipe of the coolant channel, and the other end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the base; the bottom extrusion pad, the sealing pad and the top extrusion pad are sequentially arranged in the base from inside to outside and are tightly pressed in the base through the extrusion screw cap; the sealing gasket is a nonmetal elastic sealing material; the temperature measuring unit comprises at least one thermocouple, one end of the thermocouple is fixed on the outer wall of the inner pipe of the coolant channel, and the other end of the thermocouple is led out after sequentially penetrating through the outer pipe of the coolant channel, the guide pipe, the base, the bottom extrusion pad, the sealing pad, the top extrusion pad and the extrusion screw cap.)

1. The utility model provides a temperature measuring device of inner tube outer wall of supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant passageway which characterized in that: comprises a sealing unit and a temperature measuring unit;

the sealing unit comprises a guide pipe (3), a base (4), a bottom extrusion pad (5), a sealing pad (6), a top extrusion pad (7) and an extrusion screw cap (9); the base (4), the bottom extrusion pad (5), the sealing pad (6), the top extrusion pad (7) and the extrusion screw cap (9) are all provided with guide holes;

one end of the guide pipe (3) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the coolant channel outer pipe (11) and communicated with the coolant channel outer pipe (11), and the other end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the base (4);

the bottom extrusion pad (5), the sealing pad (6) and the top extrusion pad (7) are sequentially arranged in the base (4) from inside to outside and are tightly pressed in the base (4) through an extrusion screw cap (9);

the sealing gasket (6) is a nonmetal elastic sealing material;

the temperature measuring unit comprises at least one thermocouple (1), one end of the thermocouple (1) is fixed on the outer wall of the inner tube (10) of the coolant channel, and the other end of the thermocouple (1) penetrates through the outer tube (11) of the coolant channel, the guide tube (3), the base (4), the bottom extrusion pad (5), the sealing pad (6), the top extrusion pad (7) and the extrusion screw cap (9) in sequence and then is led out.

2. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sealing unit further comprises a positioning pin (8), wherein the positioning pin (8) is arranged on the base (4) and the top pressing pad (7) and used for preventing the relative rotation between the top pressing pad (7) and the base (4).

3. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the number of the positioning pins (8) is two, and the positioning pins are axially inserted into contact surfaces of the base (4) and the top extrusion pad (7) and used for fixing the top extrusion pad (7) and the base (4).

4. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the number of the positioning pins (8) is one, and the positioning pins are inserted into the base (4) and the top pressing pad (7) along the radial direction and used for fixing the top pressing pad (7) and the base (4).

5. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe and the outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the sealing gasket (6) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

6. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the diameter of a single thermocouple wire of the thermocouple (1) is 0.1-0.5 mm; the diameter of a lead hole of the sealing gasket (6) is 0.1-0.2 mm larger than the diameter of the thermocouple wire.

7. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the number of the lead holes in the bottom extrusion pad (5), the sealing pad (6) and the top extrusion pad (7) is even, and the number of the lead holes is at least two.

8. The temperature measuring device for the inner pipe outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the thermocouple (1) is a K-type thermocouple, and ceramic insulating fibers are attached to the surface of the thermocouple; the base (4), the bottom extrusion pad (5), the top extrusion pad (7), the positioning pin (8) and the extrusion screw cap (9) are all made of stainless steel.

9. The temperature measurement method of the temperature measurement device for the inner pipe and the outer wall of the coolant channel of the supercritical water-cooled reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps;

1) before installing a supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant pipeline, respectively fixing thermocouple wires at corresponding positions on the outer wall of an inner pipe of the coolant channel;

2) after the inner pipe of the coolant channel is installed, inserting the thermocouple wire and the inner pipe of the coolant channel into the outer pipe of the coolant channel;

3) the thermocouple wire penetrates through the outer pipe of the coolant channel and the sealing unit and then is connected with the signal instrument;

4) screwing the extrusion screw cap and the base so that the bottom extrusion pad and the top extrusion pad extrude and deform the sealing gasket made of the nonmetal elastic sealing material to seal the lead hole of the sealing gasket;

5) the thermocouple wire realizes the measurement of the temperature of the outer wall surface of the inner pipe of the coolant channel under high temperature and high pressure.

10. The method of measuring temperature according to claim 9, wherein:

the thermocouple wire is fixed on the outer wall of the inner pipe of the coolant channel in a welding mode;

the sealing gasket is made of polytetrafluoroethylene;

the diameter of a single wire of the thermocouple is 0.1-0.5 mm; the diameter of the lead hole of the sealing gasket is 0.3-0.7 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a temperature measuring device and a temperature measuring method, in particular to a temperature measuring device and a temperature measuring method for an inner tube outer wall of a coolant channel of a supercritical water-cooled reactor.

Background

The supercritical water-cooled reactor is selected as one of six reactor types developed for a long time by the fourth generation international forum, and compared with the existing pressurized water reactor, the technical performance of the supercritical water-cooled reactor is relatively superior. At present, the system pressure of a supercritical water-cooled reactor is more than 22.1MPa, the outlet temperature of a reactor core reaches more than 500 ℃, and supercritical water can show various heat transfer characteristics in the flowing heat transfer process under the conditions of certain wall surface heat flux density and mass flow rate, specifically including heat transfer enhancement, normal heat transfer, heat transfer deterioration and the like. The annular channel is a common form of a supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant channel, and accurate measurement of wall surface temperature is very important for researching the heat transfer characteristic of the coolant in the supercritical water-cooled reactor and controlling the wall surface temperature to prevent heat transfer deterioration.

For the temperature of the inner wall surface of the long and narrow annular channel under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition, the traditional method adopts a mode of installing an armored thermocouple with an open hole on the outer wall and butting with the inner wall surface, or a mode of grooving and welding the armored thermocouple on the inner wall surface along the flow direction. In the touch measurement mode, the annular channel inevitably deforms along with the changes of pressure, flow and temperature, and a gap is generated between the armored thermocouple and the wall surface, so that a large error is generated in a measured value; and the slotted submerged welding mode has large damage to the measured member, less measuring points can be arranged, and the measuring point arrangement processing difficulty is larger. In addition, the sheathed thermocouple is provided with the metal protective sleeve, so that the thermal response time is slow, and the study of transient heat transfer characteristics is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a temperature measuring device and a temperature measuring method for the outer wall of an inner tube of a coolant channel of a supercritical water-cooled reactor, which are used for solving the problems of slow response time, large measuring error, high measuring point arrangement difficulty and the like of the traditional wall surface temperature measuring method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a temperature measuring device for the outer wall of an inner pipe of a coolant channel of a supercritical water-cooled reactor comprises a sealing unit and a temperature measuring unit; the sealing unit comprises a guide pipe, a base, a bottom extrusion pad, a sealing pad, a top extrusion pad and an extrusion screw cap; the base, the bottom extrusion pad, the sealing pad, the top extrusion pad and the extrusion screw cap are all provided with leading holes; one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the outer pipe of the coolant channel and communicated with the outer pipe of the coolant channel, and the other end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the base; the bottom extrusion pad, the sealing pad and the top extrusion pad are sequentially arranged in the base from inside to outside and are tightly pressed in the base through the extrusion screw cap; the sealing gasket is a nonmetal elastic sealing material; the temperature measuring unit comprises at least one thermocouple, one end of the thermocouple is fixed on the outer wall of the inner pipe of the coolant channel, and the other end of the thermocouple is led out after sequentially penetrating through the outer pipe of the coolant channel, the guide pipe, the base, the bottom extrusion pad, the sealing pad, the top extrusion pad and the extrusion screw cap.

Further, the sealing unit further comprises a positioning pin, wherein the positioning pin is arranged on the base and the top extrusion pad and used for preventing the top extrusion pad and the base from rotating relatively, so that the thermocouple is prevented from being broken by twisting.

Furthermore, the number of the positioning pins is two, and the positioning pins are axially inserted into contact surfaces of the base and the top extrusion pad and used for fixing the top extrusion pad and the base; or the number of the positioning pins is one, and the positioning pins are inserted into the base and the top pressing pad in the radial direction and used for fixing the top pressing pad and the base.

Furthermore, the sealing gasket is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Furthermore, the diameter of a single thermocouple wire of the thermocouple is 0.1-0.5 mm; the diameter of the lead hole of the sealing gasket is 0.1-0.2 mm larger than that of the thermocouple wire.

Furthermore, the number of the lead holes in the bottom extrusion pad, the sealing pad and the top extrusion pad is even, and the number of the lead holes is at least two.

Furthermore, the thermocouple is a K-type thermocouple, and ceramic insulating fibers are attached to the surface of the thermocouple; the base, the bottom extrusion pad, the top extrusion pad, the positioning pin and the extrusion screw cap are all made of stainless steel.

Meanwhile, the invention also provides a temperature measurement method based on the temperature measurement device for the outer wall of the inner tube of the supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant channel, which comprises the following steps;

1) before installing a supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant pipeline, respectively fixing thermocouple wires at corresponding positions on the outer wall of an inner pipe of the coolant channel;

2) after the inner pipe of the coolant channel is installed, inserting the thermocouple wire and the inner pipe of the coolant channel into the outer pipe of the coolant channel;

3) the thermocouple wire penetrates through the outer pipe of the coolant channel and the sealing unit and then is connected with the signal instrument;

4) screwing the extrusion screw cap and the base so that the bottom extrusion pad and the top extrusion pad extrude and deform the sealing gasket made of the nonmetal elastic sealing material to seal the lead hole of the sealing gasket;

5) the thermocouple wire realizes the measurement of the temperature of the outer wall surface of the inner pipe of the coolant channel under high temperature and high pressure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1. the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the temperature of the inner wall surface of an annular channel, which are suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure conditions and have the advantages of quick thermal response, high measurement precision and convenient and simple measurement mode. The thermocouple wire of the device is directly welded on the wall surface, no measurement gap exists, the measured temperature error is small, and the measured data is real and reliable; the thermocouple measuring point is directly exposed, and the response time is fast; the thermocouple wire has smaller diameter and great bending property, is convenient for arrangement of measuring points, and has smaller influence on a flow field in the measuring channel.

2. The temperature measuring device is connected mechanically, so that the structure is simple and the installation is reliable; the sealing unit can realize reliable sealing and avoid the influence of external environmental factors on the measurement result.

3. The temperature measuring device can be provided with a plurality of lead holes to seal a plurality of pairs of thermocouples, so that the number of holes formed in the outer wall of the measured channel is reduced, and the damage to the measured device is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a temperature measuring device for the outer wall of an inner tube of a coolant channel of a supercritical water-cooled reactor according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation manner of a positioning pin in the temperature measuring device of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-thermocouple, 2-welding spot on outer wall surface of inner tube of coolant channel, 3-lead tube, 4-base, 5-bottom extrusion pad, 6-sealing pad, 7-top extrusion pad, 8-positioning pin, 9-extrusion nut, 10-inner tube of coolant channel, and 11-outer tube of coolant channel.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a temperature measuring device for an outer wall of an inner tube of a coolant channel of a supercritical water-cooled reactor, which comprises a sealing unit and a temperature measuring unit.

The sealing unit comprises a guide pipe 3, a base 4, a bottom extrusion pad 5, a sealing pad 6, a top extrusion pad 7, a positioning pin 8 and an extrusion screw cap 9; the base 4, the bottom extrusion pad 5, the sealing pad 6, the top extrusion pad 7 and the extrusion screw cap 9 are all provided with leading holes. One end of the guide pipe 3 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the coolant channel outer pipe 11 and communicated with the coolant channel outer pipe 11, and the other end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the base 4; the bottom extrusion pad 5, the sealing pad 6 and the top extrusion pad 7 are sequentially positioned inside the base 4 and are pressed in the base 4 through the extrusion screw cap 9.

The temperature measuring unit comprises at least one thermocouple 1, one end of the thermocouple is fixedly welded at a welding spot 2 on the outer wall surface of the inner pipe of the coolant channel, and the other end of the thermocouple passes through the outer pipe 11 of the coolant channel, the guide pipe 3, the base 4, the bottom extrusion pad 5, the sealing pad 6, the top extrusion pad 7 and the extrusion screw cap 9 in sequence and is connected with the signal instrument after being sealed. Base 4 passes through the cooperation screw thread with extrusion nut 9, rotates fastening extrusion nut 9, and extrusion nut 9 pushes up top extrusion pad 7 downwards, and application of force is in top extrusion pad 7, and the extrusion of the sealed pad 6 atress extrusion deformation of the clamp between top extrusion pad 7 and bottom extrusion pad 5 realizes compressing tightly thermocouple 1 for sealed pad 6 can seal up thermocouple 1. The number of the lead holes formed in the bottom extrusion pad 5, the sealing pad 6 and the top extrusion pad 7 is even, and the number of the lead holes is more than or equal to 2, so that one or more pairs of thermocouples 1 can be sealed.

As shown in fig. 2, the positioning pin 8 is used to fix the top pressing pad 7 and the base 4, and prevent the top pressing pad 7 from being rotated by the pressing nut 9, which would break the thermocouple 1. The positioning pins 8 can be mounted in two ways, and when the positioning pins 8 are mounted axially, the number of the positioning pins 8 can be two, and the positioning pins are inserted into the contact surfaces of the base 4 and the top pressing pad 7 along the axial direction. Alternatively, in the radial installation, the positioning pins 8 are inserted into the base 4 and the top pressing pad 7 in the radial direction by one number.

Thermocouple 1 is the K type thermocouple, and the single thermocouple wire diameter of thermocouple is 0.1 ~ 0.5mm, and the diameter of the lead hole diameter of sealed pad 6 is 0.1 ~ 0.2mm bigger than the thermocouple wire, and this kind of setting both can guarantee to draw out the thermocouple smoothly, can guarantee sealed pad 6 fully to seal up thermocouple 1 again.

Preferably, the single thermocouple wire has a diameter of 0.3mm and ceramic insulating fibers are attached to the surface thereof. The thermocouple wire has high bending property and can be welded on the outer wall surface of the inner pipe of the coolant channel when the annular channel is manufactured, and then the thermocouple wire and the inner pipe of the coolant channel are inserted into the outer pipe of the coolant channel to form an annular cavity and lead out the thermocouple wire.

The leading tube 3 can specifically adopt a seamless stainless steel round tube, the outer diameter is 6-10 mm, the wall thickness is 1-2 mm, when in actual use, the leading tube 3 is a seamless stainless steel round tube with the outer diameter of 8mm and the wall thickness of 1.5mm, and the tube length is 0.5 m.

The sealing gasket 6 is a non-metal elastic sealing material, and the material only needs to have elasticity and insulation, in this embodiment, the material of the sealing gasket 6 is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the materials of the base 4, the bottom extrusion pad 5, the top extrusion pad 7, the positioning pin 8 and the extrusion nut 9 are stainless steel.

The temperature measuring method and the temperature measuring device in the embodiment can realize the rapid and accurate measurement of the temperature of the inner wall surface of the long and narrow annular channel under the working conditions of 600 ℃ and 40MPa, and the temperature measuring method comprises the following steps:

1) before installing a supercritical water-cooled reactor coolant pipeline, respectively fixing thermocouple wires at corresponding positions on the outer wall of a coolant channel inner pipe 10;

2) after the coolant channel inner tube 10 is installed, the thermocouple wires and the coolant channel inner tube 10 are inserted into the coolant channel outer tube 11;

3) the thermocouple wire penetrates through the outer pipe 11 of the coolant channel and the sealing unit and then is connected with the signal instrument;

4) screwing the extrusion screw cap 9 and the base 4 tightly to enable the bottom extrusion pad 5 and the top extrusion pad 7 to extrude and deform the sealing gasket 6 made of the nonmetal elastic sealing material, and sealing the lead hole of the sealing gasket 6;

5) the thermocouple 1 wire realizes the measurement of the temperature of the outer wall surface of the inner tube 10 of the coolant channel under high temperature and high pressure.

The measuring method and the device can realize the rapid and accurate measurement of the temperature of the inner wall surface of the long and narrow annular channel under the working condition of high temperature and high pressure.