阅读说明：本技术 一种养殖舍局部环境温度控制系统及方法 (Local environment temperature control system and method for breeding house ) 是由 苏家强 杨丽君 涂松 薛显云 孔庆刚 于 2019-08-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种养殖舍局部环境温度控制系统,其包括微控制器、温度检测单元、时钟单元、存储单元时钟闪存单元、电压转换单元、显示交互单元和负载。本系统对局部环境温度进行有效调控,直接采用外部交流电源接入系统,经电压转换单元转换为系统所需的低压直流电源和负载所需的供电源,强弱电集成一体,对现场安装要求较低,实用性、通用性好,成本低。本系统还公开了一种养殖舍局部环境温度控制方法,其采用累计偏差的计算方法,连贯调节,调温迅速且没有冷热应激,稳定性好,误差小,涉及参数变量少,不限于场地、负载,安装方便,通用性和可移植性好。本发明解决了不同畜禽个体的差异化温度需求问题,减少了忽冷忽热所致的疾病发生。(The invention discloses a local environment temperature control system for a breeding house, which comprises a microcontroller, a temperature detection unit, a clock unit, a storage unit clock flash memory unit, a voltage conversion unit, a display interaction unit and a load. This system effectively regulates and control local ambient temperature, directly adopts outside alternating current power supply to insert the system, converts the required low voltage direct current power supply of system and the required power supply of load into through voltage conversion unit, and the strong and weak electricity is integrated integrative, and is lower to the field installation requirement, and practicality, commonality are good, and are with low costs. The system also discloses a local environment temperature control method for the breeding house, which adopts a calculation method of accumulated deviation, is continuously adjusted, is rapid in temperature adjustment, free of cold and heat stress, good in stability, small in error, small in related parameter variable, not limited to a field and a load, convenient to install, and good in universality and transportability. The invention solves the problem of different temperature requirements of different livestock and poultry individuals, and reduces the occurrence of diseases caused by sudden cold and sudden heat.)

1. The utility model provides a local ambient temperature control system of breed house, includes microcontroller, temperature detecting element, clock unit, memory cell, voltage conversion unit, shows mutual unit and load, its characterized in that:

The temperature detection unit comprises a temperature sensor group and a signal processing circuit, and a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor group is processed by the signal processing circuit and then transmitted to the microcontroller;

The microcontroller outputs a pulse trigger signal for voltage regulation according to the internal temperature control logic;

The voltage conversion unit comprises a voltage transformation circuit and a voltage regulation circuit, the voltage transformation circuit processes an external alternating current power supply into a power supply required by a system, and the voltage regulation circuit processes the pulse trigger signal to realize power supply control of the load;

The clock unit provides a clock signal of a system;

The storage unit provides a data storage space of the system;

The display interaction unit comprises a display screen and a human-computer input end, wherein the display screen is used for displaying system information, and the human-computer input end is used for setting a system;

The load is a cooling and/or heating element for local environmental tempering.

2. The local environment temperature control system for the breeding house according to claim 1, wherein: the internal temperature control logic of the microcontroller calculates the accumulated deviation of the real-time temperature and the target temperature, and the more the accumulated deviation is compared with zero deviation, the smaller the delay time of the pulse trigger signal is; the voltage regulating circuit is used for modulating the power supply voltage to the load, the voltage regulation is realized by controlling the control angle of the power supply voltage waveform through the pulse trigger signal, and the real-time temperature tends to the target temperature by heating or refrigerating the load.

3. A local environment temperature control system for a breeding house according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the temperature sensor group comprises a first temperature sensor, the signal processing circuit comprises a first power amplifier module, the first power amplifier module comprises a first operational amplifier (U9C) with the model number of LM324DR, a resistor (R74) is connected between the positive output end (T1E I) of the first temperature sensor and the positive input end of the first operational amplifier (U9C), the negative output end of the first temperature sensor is connected with a ground end (DGND), a transient diode (D13) and a capacitor (C63) are arranged between the resistor (R74) and the first temperature sensor, the negative electrode end of the transient diode (D13) and one end of the capacitor (C63) are both connected with the positive output end (T1E I) of the first temperature sensor, and the positive electrode end of the transient diode (DGD 13) and the other end of the capacitor (C63) are both connected with the ground end (ND); the negative input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier (U9C) are connected through a resistor (R94), the negative input end of the first operational amplifier (U9C) is further connected with a ground end (DGND) through a resistor (R75), a capacitor (C61) is connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor (R94), the output end of the first operational amplifier (U9C) is sequentially connected with the ground end (DGND) through a resistor (R96) and a capacitor (C71), and one end, connected with the capacitor (C71), of the resistor (R96) is connected with a first temperature signal input port (T1EADC) of the microcontroller.

4. The local environment temperature control system for the breeding house according to claim 3, wherein: the temperature sensor group also comprises a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are NTC type temperature sensors for detecting the ambient air temperature, and the second temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are infrared temperature sensors for detecting the individual temperature of the livestock and poultry;

The signal processing circuit also comprises a second power amplifier module, a third power amplifier module and a fourth power amplifier module; the circuit structure of the second temperature sensor connected with the second power amplifier module is consistent with the circuit structure of the first temperature sensor connected with the first power amplifier module, and the output end of the second power amplifier module is connected to a second temperature signal input port (T1BADC) of the microcontroller; the circuit structure of the third temperature sensor connected with the third power amplifier module is consistent with the circuit structure of the first temperature sensor connected with the first power amplifier module, and the output end of the third power amplifier module is connected to a third temperature signal input port (T2E ADC) of the microcontroller; the circuit structure that fourth temperature sensor connects the fourth power amplifier module is unanimous with the circuit structure that first temperature sensor connects first power amplifier module, the output of fourth power amplifier module inserts microcontroller's fourth temperature signal input port (T2B ADC).

5. the local environment temperature control system for the breeding house according to claim 3, wherein: the transformation circuit comprises a first power supply chip (U13) with the model number of LHE05-20B12, a second power supply chip (U6) with the model number of MP1484EN and a controllable precise voltage stabilizing source (U11) with the model number of TL 431;

A live wire output end (AC L) of the external alternating current power supply is connected into a second terminal of a common mode filter (L2) with the model number of FL2D-Z5-103 through an overcurrent fuse (F1) and a first inductor (L1), and a zero wire output end (ACN) of the external alternating current power supply is connected into a first terminal of the common mode filter (L2); a voltage dependent resistor (VR3) and a capacitor (C27) which are connected in parallel are connected between the live wire output end (AC L) and the zero line output end (AC N), and a capacitor (C65) is connected between one end of the overcurrent fuse (F1) connected with the first inductor (L1) and the zero line output end (AC N); the third terminal of the common mode filter (L2) is connected with the live wire input end of the first power supply chip (U13), the fourth terminal of the common mode filter (L2) is connected with the zero wire input end of the first power supply chip (U13), and the third terminal and the four terminals of the common mode filter (L2) are also connected with the ground End (EGND) of an external alternating current power supply through a capacitor respectively; the positive output end of the first power supply chip (U13) is used as the positive end for providing a first direct current power supply in the system, and the negative output end of the first power supply chip (U13) is used as the ground end of the first direct current power supply; a transient suppression diode, a capacitor bank and a resistor which are connected in parallel are further connected between the positive end of the first direct current power supply and the ground end;

The second terminal of the second power chip (U6) is connected with the positive terminal of the first direct-current power supply, the seventh terminal of the second power chip (U6) is connected with the positive terminal of the first direct-current power supply through a resistor, the third terminal of the second power chip (U6) is connected with a third inductor (L3) in series to serve as the positive terminal of a second direct-current power supply in the system, the fifth terminal of the second power chip (U6) is connected with a resistor (R37) in series to be connected with the positive terminal of the second direct-current power supply, and the first terminal of the second power chip (U6) is connected with a capacitor (C22) in series to be connected with the third terminal; the ground terminal of the first direct current power supply is also the ground terminal of the second direct current power supply, the eighth terminal of the second power supply chip (U6) is connected in series with a capacitor (C19) and then connected with the ground terminal of the second direct current power supply, the fourth terminal of the second power supply chip (U6) is connected with the ground terminal of the second direct current power supply, the sixth terminal of the second power supply chip (U6) is sequentially connected in series with a capacitor (C21) and a resistor (R33) and then connected with the ground terminal of the second direct current power supply, the third terminal of the second power supply chip (U6) is connected with the negative electrode of a diode (D3), the positive electrode of the diode (D3) is connected with the ground end of a second direct current power supply, the fifth terminal of the second power supply chip (U6) is also connected with a resistor (R36) in series and then is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, and a capacitor bank, a transient voltage suppression diode and a diode indicator lamp which are mutually connected in parallel are further connected between the positive electrode end of the second direct current power supply and the ground end;

A resistor group is connected between the third terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source (U11) and the positive electrode of the first direct-current power supply, a resistor (R107) is connected between the third terminal and the first terminal, a capacitor (C34) is connected between the third terminal and the second terminal, the capacitor (C34) is connected in parallel with a resistor (R109) and a resistor (R110) which are connected in series, the connection point between the resistor (R109) and the resistor (R110) is led out and connected with a voltage division signal end of the microcontroller and is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply through a capacitor (C52), a resistor (R108) is connected between a first terminal and a second terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source (U11), and the second terminal is connected with the ground end of the second direct-current power supply, the output of the third terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing power supply (U11) is the positive electrode of the power supply of the temperature sensor group, and the output of the ground end of the second direct-current power supply is the ground electrode of the power supply of the temperature sensor group;

The voltage regulating circuit comprises at least one voltage regulating output module, wherein the voltage regulating output module comprises a PNP type silicon triode (Q1), two optical couplers (U4 and U5) with the model of MOC3052M and a bidirectional thyristor (U7); the base electrode of the triode (Q1) is connected with the pulse trigger signal output end of the microcontroller through a resistor, the emitter of the triode (Q1) is connected with the positive electrode end of the second direct-current power supply and is connected with the base electrode through a resistor, and the collector electrode of the triode (Q1) is connected with the first terminals of the two optical couplers (U4 and U5) through resistors respectively; the second terminals of the two optical couplers (U4 and U5) are connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, the fourth terminal of the optical coupler (U4) is connected with the sixth terminal of the optical coupler (U5), the sixth terminal of the optical coupler (U4) is connected with the G pole of the bidirectional thyristor (U7) and the T2 pole of the bidirectional thyristor (U7) through a resistor, and the fourth terminal of the optical coupler (U5) is connected with the T1 pole of the bidirectional thyristor (U7) through a resistor; a gas discharge tube (G2) and a voltage dependent resistor (R38) are connected in series and then are connected between the T1 and T2 poles of a bidirectional thyristor (U7), a resistor (R39) and a capacitor (C30) are connected in series and then are also connected between the T1 and T2 poles of the bidirectional thyristor (U7), the T2 pole of the bidirectional thyristor (U7) is connected with the live wire output end (AC L) of an external alternating current power supply through an inductor (L4), and the load is connected between the T1 pole of the bidirectional thyristor (U7) and the zero wire output end of the external alternating current power supply.

6. The local environment temperature control system for the breeding house according to claim 5, wherein: the system also comprises a metering chip (U10) with the model of ATT7053C, and the microcontroller is a chip (U1) with the model of STM32F103RCT 6D; the display screen of the display interaction unit is a liquid crystal module (U2) with the model number of JY-12832, and the man-machine input end of the display interaction unit comprises five keys (S1-S5) and peripheral circuits thereof; the clock unit comprises a clock chip (U2) with the model of PCF8563T/5, and the storage unit comprises a storage chip (U3) with the model of W25Q16 DV;

A tenth pin of the chip (U1) is a first temperature signal input port (T1E ADC), an eleventh pin is a second temperature signal input port (T1B ADC), a fourteenth pin is a third temperature signal input port (T2E ADC) and a fifteenth pin is a fourth temperature signal input port (T2B ADC), and a ninth pin of the chip (U1) is a voltage division signal end of the microcontroller; the twentieth pin to the twenty-third pin of the chip (U1) are correspondingly connected with the first pin, the sixth pin, the second pin and the fifth pin of the memory chip (U3); fiftieth, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-fifth and fifty-sixth pins of the chip (U1) are correspondingly connected with second, third, thirteen, twelve and one pins of the liquid crystal module (U2); sixteenth, fifty-ninth, fifty-eighth, fifty-seventeen and two pins of the chip (U1) are correspondingly connected with the signal output ends (KEY D1-KEY D5) of the five KEYs (S1-S5); the twenty-ninth and thirty-th pins of the chip (U1) are connected with the sixth and fifth pins of the clock chip (U2); the thirty-seventh and thirty-eight pins of the chip (U1) are pulse trigger signal output ends of the microcontroller;

the fifth pin and the sixth pin of the metering chip (U10) are connected with the output end of a voltage mutual inductance module, the input end of the voltage mutual inductance module is connected with the input end of the overcurrent fuse (F1) and the zero line of the external alternating current power supply, the eighth pin and the ninth pin of the metering chip (U10) are connected with the output end of a current mutual inductance module, the input end of the current mutual inductance module is connected with the live wire of the external alternating current power supply, and the ground end of the voltage mutual inductance module and the ground end of the current mutual inductance module are both connected with the ground end of the first direct current power supply; the eighteenth pin of the metering chip (U10) is connected with the positive terminal of the second direct current power supply through a resistor (R57), connected with the ground terminal of the second direct current power supply through a capacitor (C40) and connected with the twenty-sixth pin of the chip (U1) through a resistor (R54); the fifteenth pin, the sixteenth pin, the nineteen pin, the twenty-first pin and the twenty-first pin of the metering chip (U10) are correspondingly connected with the thirty-third pin, the twenty-seventh pin, the thirty-sixth pin, the thirty-fifth pin and the thirty-fourth pin of the chip (U1).

7. A local environment temperature control method for a breeding house based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:

Acquiring a temperature value W by the temperature sensor group_tThe microcontroller calculates a temperature value W_tAnd a target temperature value W_TargetReal-time deviation Δ T ═ k (W)_Target-W_t)；

(II) the microcontroller calculates the accumulated deviation delta T _n to delta T + delta T _n-1;

(III) judging the accumulated deviation delta T by the microcontroller_nWhether the value lies in the interval (- Δ T)_{Extreme limit}，ΔT_{Extreme limit}) If yes, entering the step (four), otherwise, entering the step (five);

(IV) the output delay time T of the microcontroller is equal to (1- | delta T)_n/ΔT_{Extreme limit}The pulse trigger signal of |). T regulates the AC voltage supplied by the load through the voltage regulating circuit, so that the control angle alpha of the half-cycle waveform of the power supply voltage is T/T180 DEG, and the load heating or refrigeration drives the temperature value W_tTrend towards W_TargetReturning to the step (one);

(V) judging delta T by the microcontroller_nIf less than- Δ T_{Extreme limit}Then will be- Δ T_{Extreme limit}Assigned to Δ T_n，ΔT_nIf greater than Δ T_{Extreme limit}Then will Δ T_{Extreme limit}Assigned to Δ T_n(ii) a The microcontroller outputs a pulse trigger signal with delay time t equal to 0, the alternating voltage supplied by the load is regulated through the voltage regulating circuit, so that the control angle alpha of a half-cycle waveform of the power supply voltage is equal to 0 DEG, and the load heating or refrigeration drives a temperature value W_tTrend towards W_TargetReturning to the step (one);

W is as described above_Target、k、ΔT_{Extreme limit}A preset positive value for the system; delta T_n-1Is microcontroller vs. Δ T_nThe cumulative deviation of the previous calculation, n being a natural number and given by Δ T_nInitial value of (a) Δ T₀0; t is the period of the pulsed trigger signal, which is equal to the supply voltage half-period.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the local environment temperature of the breeding house is controlled by: the W is_TargetThe value is the temperature value suitable for the growth of the livestock and poultry, the k value is a constant coefficient, and the delta T_{Extreme limit}The load comprises a group of refrigerating devices and a group of heating devices for a fixed value, and the power supply of the load is two groups of power supplies output by the voltage conversion unit, wherein one group of power supplies supply power for the refrigerating devices, and the other group of power supplies supply power for the heating devices;

And (2) judging whether the accumulated deviation delta T _n is greater than or equal to zero, if so, enabling the heating device loaded in the steps (four) and (five) to be in a working state and the refrigerating device to be in a cut-off state, otherwise, enabling the refrigerating device loaded in the steps (four) and (five) to be in a working state and the heating device to be in a cut-off state.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the local environment temperature of the breeding house is controlled by: the W is_TargetThe value is the temperature value corresponding to the piglet day age, k is 10, and delta T_{Extreme limit}10000, the load is a heat preservation lamp or a heat preservation plate, the microcontroller calculates once accumulated deviation according to a rated period of 10ms, the power supply of the load is obtained by processing an external alternating current power supply through the voltage conversion unit, and the frequency of the power supply is 50H_ZThe ac power source of (1).

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the local environment temperature of the breeding house is controlled by: the W is_targetThe value is the temperature value corresponding to the piglet day age, k is 10, and delta T_{Extreme limit}10000, the load is a fan or a refrigerator, the microcontroller calculates an accumulated deviation once according to a rated period of 10ms, and a power supply of the load is an alternating current power supply which is obtained by processing an external alternating current power supply through the voltage conversion unit and has a frequency of 50 HZ.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding equipment, in particular to a local environment temperature control system and method for a breeding house.

Background

Agriculture is a source of clothing and food for human society, the cost for survival, and the animal husbandry as an important component of agriculture plays a very important role in national economy.

In the process of breeding livestock and poultry, the growth, health and reproduction of the livestock and poultry are all restricted by the environment of the poultry house. The environment quality of the poultry house becomes an important factor for the livestock and poultry breeding development. The environment of the poultry house is intelligently and automatically managed, so that the environment of the poultry house meets the requirements of livestock and poultry on various environmental factors in the growth process, the healthy growth of the livestock and poultry is promoted, and the intelligent management system has an important effect on improving the marketing amount of the livestock and poultry. For example, chinese patent publication CN 105432479 a discloses an automatic environment control pigsty and an environment control method thereof: the pigsty comprises an outer wall, and a fan and a water curtain which are arranged on two sides of the outer wall; the pigsty further comprises a temperature control module, an air control module, a fan control module and a water curtain control module. The pigsty is reasonable in layout, the fan is controlled to supply air and the water curtain is controlled to cool through the automatic temperature and air control system, the space in the pigsty is saved to the maximum extent by matching with the reasonably arranged seam leakage plate and the reasonable layout of the walkway, the temperature, the humidity and the air cleanliness in the pigsty can be controlled in a better range, and the healthy growth of pigs is guaranteed. The environment control method of the invention ensures that the indoor environment temperature in summer has three layers of guarantee by presetting three layers of temperature values, so that the temperature reaches the optimum degree, and the automatic air control system can automatically start the fan to ventilate when the ammonia exceeds the standard, thereby ensuring the indoor air to be fresh.

Therefore, the temperature is used as a parameter which is crucial to livestock breeding, and the importance of the temperature is particularly prominent for centralized and scaled pig farms. However, in actual production, the environmental temperatures required for the sows, piglets, and fattening pigs at different growth stages are different, and the need for the delivery room temperature for the suckling piglets decreases with the increase in the age of the day. The difference in the ambient temperature requirements of different subjects makes it difficult to meet the ambient temperature requirements of all the cultured subjects with a single temperature.

Therefore, chinese patent publication CN 208286104U discloses a heat preservation system device suitable for piglets: the intelligent temperature control system comprises a control room and an insulation can, wherein the control room comprises a computer, a driving motor and a temperature controller which are fixedly arranged in the control room, and a box body comprises a ventilation window, an infrared temperature measurement sensor, a micro storage battery, an inlet and an outlet baffle, a camera, a sterilizing lamp, a gravity induction sensor and a heating plate; compared with the prior art, the scheme can effectively adjust according to the temperature requirements of different stages of the newborn piglet, can monitor the body temperature and the body weight of the piglet in real time under the condition of no need of manual observation, and has wide practicability in the technical field of semi-automatic breeding industry.

Although the solution for piglets disclosed in the above document CN 208286104U can regulate the temperature of the local space of the incubator to meet the requirement of the piglet on temperature change in the birth period under the condition that the environmental temperature in the pigsty is suitable for the sow, the construction cost of the solution is too high, and when the sow suckles the piglet, the piglet needs to be guided by a worker on site to transfer the piglet out of the incubator to the sow; after the suckling, the piglets are transferred to the incubator, and the cold and hot in the process are easy to induce the piglets to get sick. This greatly reduced the practicality of this scheme, be unfavorable for popularization and application.

Therefore, providing a set of temperature regulation and control scheme with good feasibility and applicability to sows and piglets to meet the suitable living environment of different individuals and reduce the occurrence of heat and cold diseases caused by frequent temperature change is an important problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention provides a local environment temperature control system and method for a breeding house, which can meet the requirement of different livestock and poultry individuals on different temperatures and reduce diseases caused by sudden cold and sudden heat.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

A local environment temperature control system for a breeding house comprises a microcontroller, a temperature detection unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, a voltage conversion unit, a display interaction unit and a load. The temperature detection unit comprises a temperature sensor group and a power amplifier circuit signal processing circuit, and a temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor group is processed by the power amplifier circuit signal processing circuit and then transmitted to the microcontroller; the microcontroller outputs a pulse trigger signal for pressure regulation according to the internal temperature control logic; the voltage conversion unit comprises a voltage transformation circuit and a voltage regulation circuit, the voltage transformation circuit processes an external alternating current power supply into a power supply required by a system, and the voltage regulation circuit processes the pulse trigger signal to realize power supply control of the load; the clock unit provides a clock signal of a system; the storage unit provides a data storage space of the system; the display interaction unit comprises a display screen and a human-computer input end, the display screen is used for displaying system information, and the human-computer input end is used for setting a system; the load is a cooling and/or heating element for local environmental tempering.

The system can be widely applied to breeding in various livestock and poultry houses, the local environment temperature can be effectively regulated and controlled by adopting the system, and the feasibility and the applicability of the system to sows and piglets are particularly good. The system directly adopts an external alternating current power supply to access the system, and the system is converted into a low-voltage direct current power supply required by the system and a power supply required by a load through the voltage conversion unit, so that strong and weak electricity are integrated, facilities such as an external transformer and a power distribution cabinet are reduced, circuits are simplified, the cost is reduced, the system is convenient to install, and the implementation and popularization of the local environment temperature control scheme are facilitated.

Further, the internal temperature control logic of the microcontroller calculates an accumulated deviation of the real-time temperature and the target temperature, the more the accumulated deviation is compared with zero deviation, the smaller the delay time of the pulse trigger signal is; the voltage regulating circuit regulates the power supply voltage to the load, the voltage regulation is realized by controlling the control angle of the power supply voltage waveform through the pulse trigger signal, and the real-time temperature is enabled to approach the target temperature by heating or refrigerating the load.

Further, the temperature sensor group includes a first temperature sensor, the signal processing circuit includes a first power amplifier module, first power amplifier module includes that the model is the first fortune of LM324DR puts the ware, the output positive terminal of a temperature sensor with be connected with a resistance between the positive input end of first fortune ware, a temperature sensor's output negative pole end is connected with ground, be provided with a transient diode and a electric capacity between resistance and the first temperature sensor, the negative pole end of transient diode, the one end of electric capacity all link to each other with a temperature sensor's output positive terminal, and the positive terminal of transient diode, the other end of electric capacity all link to each other with ground. The negative input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier are connected through a resistor, and two ends of the resistor are connected in parallel with a capacitor. The negative input end of the first operational amplifier is also connected with the ground end through a resistor. The output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the ground end through a resistor and a capacitor in sequence, and one end of the resistor connected with the capacitor is connected into a first temperature signal input port of the microcontroller. The signal processing circuit has the advantages of simple structure and stable and reliable performance, and can adjust the waveform of the signal from the sensor, stabilize the waveform and improve the reliability of the system.

Further, the temperature sensor group further comprises a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are NTC type temperature sensors for detecting the ambient air temperature, and the second temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are infrared temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the livestock and poultry individuals. The signal processing circuit further comprises a second power amplifier module, a third power amplifier module and a fourth power amplifier module. The circuit structure that the second temperature sensor is connected with the second power amplifier module is consistent with the circuit structure that the first temperature sensor is connected with the first power amplifier module, and the output end of the second power amplifier module is connected with a second temperature signal input port of the microcontroller. The circuit structure that third temperature sensor connects the third power amplifier module is unanimous with the circuit structure that first temperature sensor connects first power amplifier module, the output of third power amplifier module inserts microcontroller's third temperature signal input port. The circuit structure that the fourth temperature sensor is connected with the fourth power amplifier module is consistent with the circuit structure that the first temperature sensor is connected with the first power amplifier module, and the output end of the fourth power amplifier module is connected with the fourth temperature signal input port of the micro-controller.

Further, the transformation circuit comprises a first power supply chip with the model number of LHE05-20B12, a second power supply chip with the model number of MP1484EN and a controllable precise voltage stabilizing source with the model number of TL 431.

And the live wire output end of the external alternating current power supply is connected into a second terminal of a common mode filter with the model number of FL2D-Z5-103 through a current fuse and a first inductor, and the zero line output end of the external alternating current power supply is connected into a first terminal of the common mode filter. And a voltage dependent resistor and a capacitor which are connected in parallel are connected between the live wire output end and the zero line output end, and a capacitor is connected between one end of the overcurrent fuse, which is connected with the first inductor, and the zero line output end. And a third terminal of the common mode filter is connected with the live wire input end of the first power supply chip, a fourth terminal of the common mode filter is connected with the zero line input end of the first power supply chip, and the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the common mode filter are respectively connected with the ground end of an external alternating current power supply through a capacitor. The positive output end of the first power supply chip is used as a positive end for providing a first direct-current power supply in the system, and the negative output end of the first power supply chip is used as a ground end of the first direct-current power supply; and a transient suppression diode, a capacitor bank and a resistor which are connected in parallel are further connected between the positive end of the first direct current power supply and the ground end.

the second terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with the positive terminal of the first direct-current power supply, the seventh terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with the positive terminal of the first direct-current power supply through a resistor, the third terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with a third inductor in series and then serves as the positive terminal of the second direct-current power supply in the system, the fifth terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with the positive terminal of the second direct-current power supply after being connected with a resistor in series, and the first terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with the third terminal after being connected with a capacitor in series. The ground end of the first direct current power supply is also the ground end of the second direct current power supply, an eighth terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with a capacitor in series and then is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, a fourth terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, a sixth terminal of the second power supply chip is sequentially connected with a capacitor in series and a resistor in series and then is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, a third terminal of the second power supply chip is connected with the negative electrode of a diode, the positive electrode of the diode is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, a fifth terminal of the second power supply chip is further connected with a resistor in series and then is connected with the ground end of the second direct current power supply, and a capacitor group, a transient voltage suppression diode and a diode indicator lamp which are mutually connected in parallel are further connected between the positive electrode and.

A resistor group is connected between the third terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source and the positive electrode end of the first direct-current power supply, a resistor is connected between the third terminal and the first terminal, a capacitor is connected between the third terminal and the second terminal, the two resistors are connected in parallel and are mutually connected in series, and the connection point between the two resistors is led out to be connected with a voltage-dividing signal end of the microcontroller and is connected with the ground end of the second direct-current power supply through a capacitor. A resistor is connected between a first terminal and a second terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source, the second terminal is connected with the ground of the second direct-current power supply, the output of a third terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source is the power supply anode of the temperature sensor group, and the output of the ground of the second direct-current power supply is the power supply ground of the temperature sensor group.

the voltage regulating circuit comprises at least one voltage regulating output module, and the voltage regulating output module comprises a PNP type silicon triode, two optical couplers with the model of MOC3052M and a bidirectional thyristor. The base electrode of the triode is connected with the pulse trigger signal output end of the microcontroller through a resistor, the emitter electrode of the triode is connected with the positive electrode end of the second direct current power supply and connected with the base electrode through a resistor, and the collector electrode of the triode is connected with the first terminals of the two optical couplers through resistors respectively. The second terminals of the two optical couplers are connected with the ground terminal of the second direct-current power supply, the fourth terminal of the first optical coupler is connected with the sixth terminal of the second optical coupler, the sixth terminal of the first optical coupler is connected with the G pole of the bidirectional controllable silicon and the T2 pole of the bidirectional controllable silicon through a resistor, and the fourth terminal of the second optical coupler is connected with the T1 pole of the bidirectional controllable silicon through a resistor. A gas discharge tube and a voltage dependent resistor are connected between the T1 and T2 extremes of the bidirectional triode thyristor after being connected in series, a resistor and a capacitor are also connected between the T1 and T2 extremes of the bidirectional triode thyristor after being connected in series, the T2 pole of the bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with the live wire output end of an external alternating current power supply through an inductor, and the T1 pole of the bidirectional triode thyristor is connected with the zero line output end of the external alternating current power supply through the load.

Further, the measuring chip is ATT7053C, and the microcontroller is a chip STM32F103RCT 6D; the display screen of the display interaction unit is a liquid crystal module of which the model is JY-12832, and the human-computer input end of the display interaction unit comprises five keys and peripheral circuits thereof; the clock unit comprises a clock chip with the model of PCF8563T/5, and the storage unit comprises a storage chip with the model of W25Q16 DV.

The tenth pin of the chip is a first temperature signal input port, the eleventh pin is a second temperature signal input port, the fourteenth pin is a third temperature signal input port, the fifteenth pin is a fourth temperature signal input port, and the ninth pin of the chip is a voltage division signal end of the microcontroller. The twentieth pin to the twenty-third pin of the chip are correspondingly connected with the first pin, the sixth pin, the second pin and the fifth pin of the memory chip; fifthly, fifty-one, fifty-two, fifty-five and fifty-six pins of the chip are correspondingly connected with the second, third, thirteen, twelve and one pins of the liquid crystal module; sixteenth, fifty-ninth, fifty-eighth, fifty-seventeenth and twenty pins of the chip are correspondingly connected with five signal output ends of the five keys; the twenty-ninth pin and the thirty-fifth pin of the chip are connected with the sixth pin and the fifth pin of the clock chip; and the thirty-seventh pin and the thirty-eight pin of the chip are pulse trigger signal output ends of the microcontroller.

The fifth pin and the sixth pin of the metering chip are connected with the output end of a voltage mutual inductance module, the input end of the voltage mutual inductance module is connected with the input end of the overcurrent fuse and the zero line of the external alternating current power supply, the eighth pin and the ninth pin of the metering chip are connected with the output end of a current mutual inductance module, the input end of the current mutual inductance module is connected with the live wire of the external alternating current power supply, and the ground end of the voltage mutual inductance module and the ground end of the current mutual inductance module are both connected with the ground end of the first direct current power supply; and an eighteenth pin of the metering chip is connected with the positive end of the second direct-current power supply through a resistor, connected with the ground end of the second direct-current power supply through a capacitor and connected with a twenty-sixth pin of the chip through a resistor. The fifteenth pin, the sixteenth pin, the nineteenth pin, the twenty-first pin and the thirty-third pin, the twenty-seventh pin, the thirty-sixth pin, the thirty-fifth pin and the thirty-fourth pin of the metering chip are correspondingly connected. The system introduces a metering chip to realize electric energy collection, and the electric energy collection is detected by an access end of an external alternating current power supply through a voltage transformer and a current transformer, so that the total power consumption condition of the system is calculated.

Based on the local environment temperature control system of the breeding house, the invention also provides a local environment temperature control method of the breeding house, which comprises the following steps:

Acquiring a temperature value W by the temperature sensor group_tThe microcontroller calculates a temperature value W_tand target temperature value W_TargetReal-time deviation Δ T ═ k (W)_Target-W_t)。

And (II) the microcontroller calculates the accumulated deviation delta T _n to delta T + delta T _n-1.

(III) judging the accumulated deviation delta T by the microcontroller_nWhether the value lies in the interval (- Δ T)_{Extreme limit}，ΔT_{Extreme limit}) If yes, entering the step (four), otherwise, entering the step (five).

(IV) the output delay time T of the microcontroller is equal to (1- | delta T)_n/ΔT_{Extreme limit}The pulse trigger signal of |). T regulates the AC voltage supplied by the load through the voltage regulating circuit, so that the control angle alpha of the half-cycle waveform of the power supply voltage is T/T180 DEG, and the load heating or refrigeration drives the temperature value W_tTrend towards W_TargetAnd (5) returning to the step (one).

(V) judging delta T by the microcontroller_nIf less than- Δ T_{extreme limit}Then will be- Δ T_{Extreme limit}Assigned to Δ T_n，ΔT_nIf greater than Δ T_{Extreme limit}Then will Δ T_{Extreme limit}Assigned to Δ T_n(ii) a The microcontroller outputs a pulse trigger signal with delay time t equal to 0, the alternating voltage supplied by the load is regulated through the voltage regulating circuit, so that the control angle alpha of a half-cycle waveform of the power supply voltage is equal to 0 DEG, and the load heating or refrigeration drives a temperature value W_tTrend towards W_targetAnd (5) returning to the step (one).

W is as described above_Target、k、ΔT_{Extreme limit}A preset positive value for the system; delta T_n-1Is microcontroller vs. Δ T_nThe cumulative deviation of the previous calculation, n being a natural number and given by Δ T_nInitial value of (a) Δ T₀0; t is the period of the pulse trigger signal, which is equal to the half period of the supply voltage.

The method is introduced into a microcontroller of the system in the form of a control program, so that the acquisition of external temperature signals, process calculation and load control are realized, and the aim of local environment temperature regulation is fulfilled. The method adopts the steps of calculating accumulated deviation, and finally regulating and controlling the temperature value W along with the operation of the system regardless of the interference of the external environment on the temperature_tWill always reach W in the form of minor error fluctuations_TargetThe local temperature is maintained in a steady state.

Further, the W_TargetThe value is the temperature value suitable for the growth of the livestock and poultry, the k value is a constant coefficient, and the delta T is_{Extreme limit}And the load comprises a group of refrigerating devices and a group of heating devices for a fixed value, the power supply of the load is two groups of power supplies output by the voltage conversion unit, one group of power supplies power for the refrigerating devices, and the other group of power supplies power for the heating devices. The step (two) also comprises the step of judging the accumulated deviation delta T_nWhether the current load is greater than or equal to zero or not is judged, if yes, the heating device and the refrigerating device loaded in the steps (four) and (five) are in working states, and the refrigerating device is in a cut-off state; otherwise, the refrigerating device loaded in the steps (four) and (five) is in the working state, and the heating device is in the cut-off state.

Further, the W_targetThe value is the temperature value corresponding to the piglet day age, k is 10, and delta T_{Extreme limit}10000, the load is a heat preservation lamp or a heat preservation plate, the microcontroller calculates the accumulated deviation for one time according to a rated period of 10ms, and the power supply of the load is an alternating current power supply which is obtained by processing an external alternating current power supply through the voltage conversion unit and has the frequency of 50 HZ.

Further, the W_TargetThe value is the temperature value corresponding to the piglet day age, k is 10, and delta T_{Extreme limit}10000, the load is a fan or a refrigerator, the microcontroller calculates an accumulated deviation once according to a rated period of 10ms, and a power supply of the load is an alternating current power supply which is obtained by processing an external alternating current power supply through the voltage conversion unit and has a frequency of 50 HZ.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the system effectively regulates and controls the local environment temperature, directly adopts an external alternating current power supply to access the system, converts the external alternating current power supply into a low-voltage direct current power supply required by the system and a power supply required by a load through the voltage conversion unit, integrates strong and weak current into a whole, has low requirements on field installation, does not need to additionally build related facilities, and has good practicability and universality and low cost. The method adopts a calculation method of accumulated deviation, has the advantages of continuous adjustment, rapid temperature adjustment, no cold and heat stress, good stability, small error, few related parameter variables, no limitation to fields and loads, convenient installation, good universality and transportability, and capability of passing k and delta T_{extreme limit}The setting of the value controls the speed of the temperature adjusting effect.

The invention provides a set of temperature regulation and control scheme for livestock breeding, which is particularly suitable for sows and piglets, can meet the suitable living environment of different individuals, reduces the occurrence of heat and cold diseases caused by frequent temperature change, and improves the production efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a power amplifier module of the system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of one embodiment of a system dip switch of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a system transformer circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a secondary buck circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a partial structure of the system transformer circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of another partial structure of the system transformer circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the system voltage regulator circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system protection circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a pin layout diagram of an embodiment of a system microcontroller according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a circuit schematic of one clock embodiment of the microcontroller of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a pin layout diagram of a system-metering chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram of a power supply voltage waveform and a pulse trigger signal according to the method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features related to the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The system comprises a microcontroller, a temperature detection unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, a voltage conversion unit, a display interaction unit, a load and the like. The temperature detection unit comprises a temperature sensor group and a power amplifier circuit signal processing circuit, and temperature signals acquired by the temperature sensor group are processed by the power amplifier circuit signal processing circuit and then transmitted to the microcontroller. And the microcontroller outputs a pulse trigger signal for voltage regulation according to the internal temperature control logic. The voltage conversion unit comprises a voltage transformation circuit and a voltage regulation circuit, the voltage transformation circuit processes an external alternating current power supply into a power supply required by the system, and the voltage regulation circuit processes the pulse trigger signal to realize power supply control of the load. The clock unit provides a clock signal of the system. The storage unit provides data storage space of the system. The display interaction unit comprises a display screen and a man-machine input end, the display screen is used for displaying system information, and the man-machine input end is used for system setting. The load is a cooling and/or heating element for local environmental tempering.

The system can be widely applied to the breeding in various livestock and poultry houses, and particularly has better feasibility and applicability to sows and piglets. In a spacious room, the areas are often divided according to the conditions of area function difference, different growth stages, livestock and poultry variety difference and the like, and for the spacious large environment, the configuration of uniform environmental parameters is not enough for individual areas, so that the system is required to effectively regulate and control the temperature of the local environment.

The load of the system is arranged in a required local area, and if the temperature required by the local area is always higher than the large environment, the load only needs to select a heating device; if the temperature required by the local area is always lower than the large environment, the load only needs to select a refrigerating device; if the temperature difference required by the local area is large, and the single cold or single hot device cannot meet the requirement, the load needs to simultaneously select the single cold and single hot device or the device integrating cold and hot. The temperature sensor group of the system can flexibly select the types and the number of the sensors, for example, only one sensor is selected for measuring the temperature of the air in a local area, and an infrared temperature probe or a body temperature device worn by the livestock and poultry can be adopted for measuring the temperature of the livestock and poultry. The system is characterized in that circuit structures such as a microcontroller, a clock unit and a storage unit are arranged in a control box, a display screen is embedded on a box cover, and a man-machine input end can be in a key or display screen touch mode. The system does not need independent low-voltage direct current power supply, and does not need to externally connect a power supply to a load and configure an electrical cabinet.

The system directly adopts an external alternating current power supply (such as 220V commercial power) to access the system, and the system is converted into a low-voltage direct current power supply required by the system and a power supply required by a load through a voltage conversion unit, so that strong and weak electricity are integrated, facilities such as an external transformer, a power distribution cabinet and the like are reduced, a circuit is simplified, the cost is reduced, the system is convenient to install, and the implementation and popularization of the local environment temperature control scheme are facilitated.

The internal temperature control logic of the microcontroller operates in the form of a control program, which is used for calculating the accumulated deviation between the real-time temperature and the target temperature, wherein the real-time temperature is a temperature value detected in real time, and the target temperature is a preset ideal temperature value. When the real-time temperature is higher than the target temperature, the deviation between the real-time temperature and the target temperature is regarded as negative deviation; when the real-time temperature is lower than the target temperature, the deviation between the real-time temperature and the target temperature is regarded as positive deviation; when the real-time temperature is equal to the target temperature, the deviation between the real-time temperature and the target temperature is considered to be zero. As long as the real-time temperature deviates from the target temperature, the cumulative deviation superimposed over the time period changes, the more the cumulative deviation deviates from zero, the smaller the delay time of the pulse trigger signal.

The voltage regulating circuit regulates the power supply of the load according to the power supply voltage modulation, the voltage regulating circuit regulates the voltage according to the pulse trigger signal, the power supply voltage of the load is in inverse ratio to the delay time of the pulse trigger signal, the delay time of the pulse trigger signal determines the control angle of the power supply voltage waveform, namely determines the conduction angle of the power supply voltage waveform, so that the voltage regulation is realized, the heating power or the refrigerating power of the load is correspondingly changed at the moment, the real-time temperature tends to the target temperature, and the purpose of temperature regulation is achieved. The detailed analysis is carried out in the following method embodiment section.

Under normal environment, the load is a single heating or single refrigerating device or a device with both refrigeration and heating, but in a control stage of a longer time period, the load should be in a heating or refrigerating mode, the ambient temperature with sudden cooling and sudden heating does not exist, and the load also should not have a cold and hot mode frequently alternated in a short time. Then, the temperature regulation process of the system on the local environment is analyzed as follows: (1) when the load is in a heating mode, the accumulated deviation of the real-time temperature and the target temperature is in a positive deviation state, if temperature fluctuation occurs, the real-time temperature is smaller than the target temperature, the accumulated deviation is increased, and the real-time temperature can be increased to the target temperature only by increasing the heating power of the load; if the real-time temperature is higher than the target temperature due to temperature fluctuation, the accumulated deviation is reduced, and the real-time temperature can be reduced to the target temperature only by reducing the heating power of the load. (2) When the load is in a refrigeration mode, the accumulated deviation of the real-time temperature and the target temperature is in a negative deviation state, if temperature fluctuation occurs to enable the real-time temperature to be smaller than the target temperature, the accumulated deviation is reduced, and the real-time temperature can be increased to the target temperature only by reducing the refrigeration power of the load; if the real-time temperature is higher than the target temperature due to temperature fluctuation, the accumulated deviation is increased, and the real-time temperature can be reduced to the target temperature only by increasing the refrigerating power of the load.

Therefore, in the control logic of the system, the more the accumulated deviation of the temperature is, the smaller the delay time of the pulse trigger signal is, and the larger the voltage at the two ends of the load is, the larger the power is. Compared with the conventional rough-amplification type temperature control method, the control logic starts the heat source when the temperature is too low and closes the heat source when the temperature is too high, the process is more continuous and stable, the fluctuation is small, the load is in a long-term relatively stable power state, and the load can be prevented from being started and stopped frequently; compared with the conventional PID control strategy or fuzzy control, the control logic is simpler and more direct, and various parameters caused by environmental change are prevented from being recalculated and set. Specific quantitative calculations can be found in the following specific examples of the method of the present invention.

In a specific embodiment, the temperature sensor group is a first temperature sensor, the signal processing circuit includes a first power amplifier module, as shown in fig. 1, the first power amplifier module includes a first operational amplifier U9C of LM324DR, a resistor R74 is connected between an output positive terminal T1E I of the first temperature sensor and a positive terminal of the first operational amplifier U9C, an output negative terminal of the first temperature sensor is connected to a ground terminal DGND, a transient diode D13 and a capacitor C63 are arranged between the resistor R74 and the first temperature sensor, a negative terminal of the transient diode D13 and one end of the capacitor C63 are both connected to the output positive terminal T1E I of the first temperature sensor, and a positive terminal of the transient diode D13 and the other end of the capacitor C63 are both connected to the ground terminal DGND; the negative input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier U9C are connected through a resistor R94, the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U9C is further connected with a ground end DGND through a resistor R75, a capacitor C61 is connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R94, the output end of the first operational amplifier U9C is sequentially connected with the ground end DGND through a resistor R96 and a capacitor C71, and one end of the resistor R96, which is connected with the capacitor C71, is connected to a first temperature signal input port T1EADC of the microcontroller.

The analog signal of the first temperature sensor is absorbed by a transient diode D13, filtered by a capacitor C63, and then enters a first operational amplifier U9C through a resistor R74 for operational amplification processing. The first operational amplifier U9C, the resistor R94, the capacitor C61, the resistor R96 and the capacitor C71 play a role in signal amplification and following. The signal processing circuit has the advantages of simple structure and stable and reliable performance, adjusts the waveform of the signal from the sensor, stabilizes the waveform and improves the reliability of the system.

The system can be provided with one or more groups of temperature sensors according to the number of signal input ports which can be provided by the microcontroller and the requirements of the site, the microcontroller can adopt time-sharing control or synchronous control, and one or more loads can be arranged corresponding to a control circuit. Taking the case of two temperature sensor groups as an example, in addition to the first temperature sensor, there are a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a fourth temperature sensor.

the first temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are used for detecting the ambient air temperature, and NTC type temperature sensors can be selected. The second temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are used for detecting the temperature of the livestock and poultry individuals, and infrared temperature sensors can be selected. Correspondingly, the signal processing circuit further comprises a second power amplifier module, a third power amplifier module and a fourth power amplifier module. The circuit structure of the second temperature sensor connected with the second power amplifier module is consistent with the circuit structure of the first temperature sensor connected with the first power amplifier module, and the output end of the second power amplifier module is connected to a second temperature signal input port T1B ADC of the microcontroller; the circuit structure of the third temperature sensor connected with the third power amplifier module is consistent with the circuit structure of the first temperature sensor connected with the first power amplifier module, and the output end of the third power amplifier module is connected to a third temperature signal input port T2E ADC of the microcontroller; the circuit structure that fourth temperature sensor connects the fourth power amplifier module is unanimous with the circuit structure that first temperature sensor connects first power amplifier module, the output of fourth power amplifier module inserts microcontroller's fourth temperature signal input port T2B ADC. In view of the consistency of the power amplifier module structures, the amplifiers of the four power amplifier modules can be realized by one integrated power amplifier, and the optimization of the circuit structure is facilitated.

The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are in a group, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor are in a group, one group of sensors correspond to one load control signal, one load control signal corresponds to one load or a plurality of loads which are synchronously parallel, only one temperature sensor in each group is a control parameter of the microcontroller at the same time, namely, the microcontroller controls the corresponding load according to the air temperature signal and controls the corresponding load according to the body temperature signal of the livestock and poultry, and the specific design needs to be according to the field requirement or the requirement of a farm.

When the temperature sensors needed on the site are few, the vacant temperature sensor interfaces can be used for arranging other sensors for detecting information such as ammonia gas, carbon dioxide, oxygen, wind speed, humidity and the like on the site. For this purpose, a dial switch may be preset, as shown in fig. 2, a resistor R2 is used for current detection, and the value of the resistor R105 is selected according to the type of the sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected or connected with other sensors, and is switched by the dial switch S3.

In addition to the above-mentioned temperature sensor types, other wired or wireless sensor types may be used in the present system, and are not limited herein.

As a specific embodiment of the voltage transformation circuit of the voltage conversion unit, the voltage transformation circuit includes a first power chip U13 with model number LHE05-20B12, a second power chip U6 with model number MP1484EN, and a controllable precision voltage stabilization source U11 with model number TL 431.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the live output AC L of the external AC power source is connected to the second terminal of the common mode filter L2 with model FL2D-Z5-103 through the current fuse F1 and the first inductor L1, and the neutral output AC N of the external AC power source is connected to the first terminal of the common mode filter L2. A voltage-sensitive resistor VR3 and a capacitor C27 which are connected in parallel are connected between the live wire output end AC L and the zero wire output end AC N, and a capacitor C65 is connected between one end of the overcurrent fuse F1 connected with the first inductor L1 and the zero wire output end AC N. An external alternating current is introduced into the system, and through the arrangement of a common mode filter L2, a voltage dependent resistor VR3, a capacitor C27 and a capacitor C65, when the external alternating current power supply has transient overvoltage, voltage clamping is carried out, redundant current is absorbed, voltage fluctuation is restrained, and a system circuit is protected; the noise of the external alternating current port can be greatly reduced, the interference of a system circuit by a power grid is avoided, the EMC grade of the system can be obviously improved, and the components are small in size, good in temperature characteristic and convenient to arrange on a circuit board.

The third terminal of the common mode filter L2 is connected with the live wire input end of the first power supply chip U13, the fourth terminal of the common mode filter L2 is connected with the zero wire input end of the first power supply chip U13, and the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the common mode filter L2 are also connected with the ground end EGND of an external alternating current power supply through capacitors C24 and C25 respectively. The positive output end of the first power chip U13 is used as the positive terminal VCC for providing a first dc power supply in the system, and the negative output end of the first power chip U13 is used as the ground terminal DGND of the first dc power supply. The ground end DGND can be used as a uniform weak current ground end of a system circuit, and through parameter configuration, the first direct current power supply can provide 12V low-voltage direct current voltage to supply power to a sensor, an integrated power amplifier and the like. And a transient suppression diode D5, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C32 and a resistor R41 which are connected in parallel are further connected between the positive terminal of the first direct current power supply and the ground terminal to ensure the stability of the output voltage. When the first dc power supply needs to output a larger power, the driving capability can be improved by adding a power chip to connect the first dc power supply in parallel with the first power chip U13.

In order to provide a lower voltage DC power supply, a secondary voltage reduction circuit as shown in FIG. 4 is provided. A second terminal of the second power chip U6 is connected to a positive terminal VCC of the first dc power supply, a seventh terminal of the second power chip U6 is connected to the positive terminal VCC of the first dc power supply through a resistor R31, a third terminal of the second power chip U6 is connected in series to a third inductor L3 to serve as a positive terminal DVCC for providing a second dc power supply in the system, a fifth terminal of the second power chip U6 is connected in series to a resistor R37 to be connected to the positive terminal DVCC of the second dc power supply, and a first terminal of the second power chip U6 is connected in series to a capacitor C22 to be connected to the third terminal; the ground terminal DGND of the first dc power supply is also the ground terminal of the second dc power supply, the eighth terminal of the second power supply chip U6 is connected in series with the capacitor C19 and then connected to the ground terminal of the second dc power supply, the fourth terminal of the second power supply chip U6 is connected to the ground terminal of the second dc power supply, the sixth terminal of the second power supply chip U6 is connected in series with the capacitor C21 and the resistor R33 in sequence and then connected to the ground terminal DGND of the second dc power supply, the third terminal of the second power supply chip U6 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D3, the positive electrode of the diode D3 is connected to the ground terminal of the second dc power supply, the fifth terminal of the second power supply chip U6 is further connected in series with the resistor R36 and then connected to the ground terminal DGND of the second dc power supply, and the capacitors C23, C26, C28, C29, a transient voltage suppression diode D4 and a transient voltage indication diode 1 are further connected in parallel. Through the secondary voltage reduction circuit and through parameter configuration, the second direct current power supply can provide 3.3V low-voltage direct current voltage to supply power for a microprocessor, a display screen, a man-machine input end and the like.

As shown in fig. 5, resistors R67 and R69 are connected between the third terminal of the controllable precision regulator U11 and the positive terminal VCC of the first dc power supply, a resistor R107 is connected between the first terminal and the second terminal, and a capacitor C34 is connected between the second terminal and the first terminal. The capacitor C34 is connected in parallel with a resistor R109 and a resistor R110 that are connected in series, a connection point between the resistor R109 and the resistor R110 is led out to be connected with a voltage division signal end VRF ADC of the microcontroller and is connected with a ground end DGND of the second dc power supply through a capacitor C52, and the voltage division signal is a voltage reference value of the sensor signal. A resistor R108 is connected between a first terminal and a second terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source U11, the second terminal is connected with a ground end DGND of the second direct-current power supply, the output of a third terminal of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source U11 is a power supply positive end VRF of the temperature sensor group, the output of the ground end of the second direct-current power supply is a power supply ground electrode of the temperature sensor group, and the power supply positive end VRF provides 3.25V direct-current voltage.

fig. 7 shows a specific embodiment of the voltage regulating circuit, which has at least one voltage regulating output module to output and control the power supplied to the load.

The output module comprises a PNP type silicon triode Q1, two optical couplers U4 and U5 with the model number of MOC3052M and a bidirectional thyristor U7. The base electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the pulse trigger signal output end of the microcontroller through a resistor R27, the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the positive electrode end DVCC of the second direct current power supply and is connected with the base electrode of the Q1 through a resistor R28, and the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with first terminals of two optical couplers U4 and U5 through resistors R29 and R30 respectively. The second terminals of the two optocouplers U4 and U5 are connected to the ground terminal DGND of the second DC power supply, the fourth terminal of the optocoupler U4 is connected to the sixth terminal of the optocoupler U5, the sixth terminal of the optocoupler U4 is connected to the G pole of the triac U7 and to the T2 pole of the triac U7 through a resistor R34, and the fourth terminal of the optocoupler U5 is connected to the T1 pole of the triac U7 through a resistor R35. A gas discharge tube G2 and a voltage dependent resistor R38 are connected in series and then connected between the T1 and T2 poles of a bidirectional controllable silicon U7, and a resistor R39 and a capacitor C30 are connected in series and then connected between the T1 and T2 poles of the bidirectional controllable silicon U7, so that the bidirectional controllable silicon U7 is used for lightning protection, overcurrent absorption, filtering and voltage stabilization, and voltage regulation output module protection. The T2 pole of the bidirectional thyristor U7 is connected with the live wire output end AC L of the external alternating current power supply through an inductor L4 in fig. 6, and the load is connected between the leading-out end M1 of the T1 pole of the bidirectional thyristor U7 and the zero line output end AC N of the external alternating current power supply.

The pulse trigger signal PWM OUT1 is amplified by a triode Q1 to drive optocouplers U4 and U5 and then drive a controllable silicon U7, and under different delay time t of the pulse trigger signal PWM OUT1, the controllable silicon U7 can generate different control angles alpha and conduction angles theta, so that the conduction angles theta of introduced alternating current in a single sine period are different, effective voltages between a power supply end M1 and an AC N end of a load are different, and continuous adjustment of output voltage is realized. The heating or cooling power is different according to the difference of the working voltage of the load, so that the aim of adjusting the local environment temperature change is fulfilled.

A protection circuit can be further arranged at an access port of an external alternating current power supply, and as shown in fig. 8, a gas discharge tube G1 is also arranged between a live output terminal AC L and a neutral output terminal AC N of the live power supply and a strong power ground terminal EGND after the live output terminal AC L passes through a voltage dependent resistor VR1 and the neutral output terminal AC N passes through a voltage dependent resistor VR 2.

Due to the fact that detailed distribution of energy consumption is known in the field, the system can also be used for achieving electric energy collection by introducing a metering chip. For example, a metering chip U10 with the model number of ATT7053C is adopted, and the metering chip U10 is detected by a voltage transformer and a current transformer at the access end of an external alternating current power supply, so that the total power utilization condition of the system is calculated. The microcontroller used in the system needs to adopt a processing chip with more than 32 bits to ensure the processing speed. A specific preferred configuration, taking into account system functional requirements and cost control, is as follows:

The microcontroller is a chip U1 with the model number of STM32F103RCT6D, the display screen of the display interaction unit is a liquid crystal module U2 with the model number of JY-12832, the man-machine input end of the display interaction unit comprises five keys S1-S5 and peripheral circuits thereof, the clock unit comprises a clock chip U2 with the model number of PCF8563T/5, and the storage unit comprises a storage chip U3 with the model number of W25Q16 DV.

As shown in fig. 9, the tenth pin of the chip U1 is a first temperature signal input port T1E ADC, the eleventh pin is a second temperature signal input port T1B ADC, the fourteenth pin is a third temperature signal input port T2E ADC, the fifteenth pin is a fourth temperature signal input port T2B ADC, and the ninth pin of the chip U1 is a voltage division signal port VRF ADC of the microcontroller. The twentieth pin to the twenty-third pin of the chip U1 are correspondingly connected with the first pin, the sixth pin, the second pin and the fifth pin of the memory chip U3. The fifty-th, fifty-first, fifty-second, fifty-fifth and fifty-sixth pins of the chip U1 are correspondingly connected with the second, third, thirteen, twelve and one pins of the liquid crystal module U2; sixteenth, nineteenth, fifty-eighth, fifty-seventeenth and twenty-second pins of the chip U1 are correspondingly connected with the signal output ends KEY D1-KEY D5 of the five KEYs S1-S5. The twenty-ninth and thirty-th pins of the chip U1 are connected to the sixth and five pins of the clock chip U2, as shown in FIG. 10. The thirty-seventh and thirty-eight pins of the chip U1 are pulse trigger signal output terminals PWM OUT1 and PWM OUT2 of the microcontroller, and may correspond to two voltage regulation output modules, and are connected to two-way loads.

As shown in fig. 11, the fifth and sixth pins of the metering chip U10 are connected to an output terminal of a voltage transformer module, an input terminal of the voltage transformer module is connected to the input terminal of the overcurrent fuse F1 and the zero line of the external ac power supply, the eighth and ninth pins of the metering chip U10 are connected to an output terminal of a current transformer module, an input terminal of the current transformer module is connected to the live line of the external ac power supply, and the ground terminal of the voltage transformer module and the ground terminal of the current transformer module are both connected to the ground terminal of the first dc power supply. An eighteenth pin of the metering chip U10 is connected with the positive terminal of the second direct current power supply through a resistor R57, the ground terminal of the second direct current power supply through a capacitor C40 and the twenty-sixth pin of the chip U1 through a resistor R54. In addition to the metering function, the metering chip U10 also provides a zero-crossing interrupt signal for voltage regulation, and the fifteenth, sixteenth, nineteenth, twenty-first pins of the zero-crossing interrupt signal are correspondingly connected with the thirty-third, twenty-seventh, thirty-sixth, thirty-fifth and thirty-fourth pins of the chip U1.

Corresponding to the local environment temperature control system of the breeding house, the invention also provides a local environment temperature control method of the breeding house, which comprises the following steps:

The method comprises the following steps: the temperature sensor group obtains a temperature value W_tThe microcontroller calculates a temperature value W_tAnd target temperature value W_TargetReal-time deviation Δ T ═ k (W)_Target-W_t)。

and step two, the microcontroller calculates the accumulated deviation delta T _n to delta T + delta T _n-1.

Step three: the microcontroller judges the accumulated deviation delta T_nWhether the value lies in the interval (- Δ T)_{Extreme limit}，ΔT_{Extreme limit}) If yes, entering step four, otherwise entering step five.

step four: microcontroller output delay time T ═ 1- | Δ T_n/ΔT_{Extreme limit}The pulse trigger signal of |). T regulates the AC voltage supplied by the load through the voltage regulating circuit, so that the control angle alpha of the half-cycle waveform of the power supply voltage is T/T180 DEG, and the load heating or refrigeration drives the temperature value W_tTrend towards W_TargetAnd (5) returning to the step (one).

Step five: microcontroller judges delta T_nIf less than- Δ T_{Extreme limit}Then will be- Δ T_{Extreme limit}Assigned to Δ T_n，ΔT_nIf greater than Δ T_{Extreme limit}Then will Δ T_{Extreme limit}Assigned to Δ T_n(ii) a The microcontroller outputs a pulse triggering signal with delay time t equal to 0, the alternating voltage supplied by the load is regulated by the voltage regulating circuit, so that the control angle alpha of the half-cycle waveform of the power supply voltage is equal to 0 DEG, and the load is heated or refrigerated to drive a temperature value W_tTrend towards W_TargetAnd (5) returning to the step (one).

W is as described above_Target、k、ΔT_{Extreme limit}A positive value preset for the system, W_TargetAccording to the required setting on site. k is a multiplication coefficient for regulating the speed of the regulation. Delta T_{Extreme limit}To a limit value, Δ T_nThe ratio thereof is related to the output power of the load. Delta T_n-1Is microcontroller vs. Δ T_nThe cumulative deviation of the previous calculation, n being a natural number and given by Δ T_nInitial value of (a) Δ T₀0. T is the period of the pulsed trigger signal, which is equal to the supply voltage half-period.

As shown in fig. 12, the ac voltage waveform diagram for supplying power to a load and the corresponding pulse trigger signal diagram are provided, and the control angle α and the conduction angle θ of the supply voltage waveform are adjusted by the pulse trigger signal, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the output voltage of the supply voltage. The hardware implementation can adopt a bidirectional thyristor as a switch of alternating current supply voltage, and the trigger pulse controls the on-off of the thyristor, so that under the conditions that the trigger pulse is synchronous with the supply voltage and the period of the trigger pulse is equal to the half period of the supply voltage waveform, the delay time t before each high level of the trigger pulse determines the control angle alpha and the conduction angle theta of the supply voltage waveform. In order to ensure accurate turn-on and turn-off of the bidirectional controllable silicon, the maximum pulse width of a pulse trigger signal in actual voltage regulation is generally 50-70%.

According to the logic of the method, the external temperature signal is acquired, the process is calculated and the load is controlled by leading the external temperature signal into the microcontroller of the system in the form of a control program, so that the aim of adjusting the temperature of the local environment is fulfilled. The method adopts the steps of calculating the accumulated deviation, and finally regulating and controlling the temperature value W along with the operation of the system regardless of the interference of the external environment on the temperature_tWill always reach W in the form of minor error fluctuations_TargetAnd maintaining the local temperature stable state.

Because the load type and the power supply are different, the calorific value is difficult to accurately calculate, the heat absorption rate of the local environment and other factors influence, the accurate numerical calculation is too complex, and therefore, the temperature rise process is only explained by state change. An initial stage: after the microcontroller pulse trigger signal is output, the heating power of the load is increased from zero, and the local environment temperature W is increased_tGradually increasing but slowly changing, gradually decreasing the real-time deviation delta T, accumulating the deviation delta T_nIncreasing but its rate of increase decreases and the load power is fully on for a few seconds. And (3) adjusting: w_tOver W_TargetThe real-time deviation Delta T is negative, and the accumulated deviation Delta T_nDecrease, load power gradually decreases from full on, W_tAnd (6) falling back. And (3) a balancing stage: w_tFall back to W_Targetreal time deviation Delta T is zero, cumulative deviation Delta T_nThe load power output is unchanged. Because the change of the site temperature is continuous, the heat generated by the load is also continuous, the balance stage is only a theoretical critical state, and the site is actually applied, W_tat W_TargetFluctuation in a small range, W_tIs finally close to W_TargetThe value, the load fluctuates slightly under a certain power state,This phase is actually in a state of dynamic equilibrium. When the local environment temperature is disturbed, the adjusting stage is entered again until the balancing stage is reached. The power of the load is a continuous gradual change process and is not instantly fully opened or closed, so that the heat stress can be effectively avoided, and in order to further smooth the temperature rise process, the heating power of the load should not be too large, but the local environment should be ensured to be heated to the target temperature. The cooling process is the same and will not be repeated.

Taking the specific test as an example, at the beginning of the system operation, the load is not started yet, and at this time, the cumulative deviation Δ T_n＝ΔT₀K takes the value 20,. DELTA.T,. sub.0_{Extreme limit}The value is 10000, the alternating current frequency at two ends of the load is 50Hz, the pulse trigger signal period T is 0.01 second, the microcontroller updates and runs the control program once every 10ms, the temperature signal is refreshed once every 200ms, the temperature of the external large environment and the local environment air needing temperature regulation is 26 ℃, the target temperature needed by the local environment is 30 ℃, and the full-open heating power of the load is 1 kW. Then the system is first run, Δ T20 × (30-26) ═ 80, Δ T₁＝ΔT+ΔT₀＝80+0＝80，ΔT₁Within the interval (-10000, 10000). By the formula T ═ 1- | Δ T_n/ΔT_{Extreme limit}I) T, α ═ T/T ═ 180 °, the values are substituted to give α ═ 179.856 °, i.e., θ ═ 0.144 °. Under the trigger of the pulse trigger signal, the alternating sine wave voltage at two ends of the load starts to start heating according to the conduction time ratio of the conduction angle theta of 0.144 degrees. Tests show that the load voltage reaches full voltage within 0.5-1.5 seconds, the local ambient air temperature quickly reaches a target value, the local ambient air temperature is slowed down and gradually falls back after exceeding 30 ℃, the fluctuation range of the local ambient air temperature is continuously reduced at about 30 ℃, and finally the stable temperature difference between the local ambient air temperature and the 30 ℃ is within 0.1 ℃. When the temperature is disturbed by a small amplitude, the temperature can be adjusted in place within a few seconds.

Compared with the conventional extensive temperature control method, namely starting the heat source when the temperature is too low and closing the heat source when the temperature is too high, the temperature control method for the breeding house has the advantages that the control process is continuous, stable and small in fluctuation, the generation of cold and heat stress can be effectively avoided, the comfort of the growing environment of livestock and poultry is improved, the frequent starting and stopping of the load can be avoided, and the situation that the load is frequently started and stopped can be ensuredThe system can run effectively for a long time and has good practicability. Besides, although the conventional PID control strategy can also achieve an ideal state, the conventional PID control strategy has more related parameters and more complex algorithms, and after the use environment, the load and the like are changed, the PID parameters need to be recalculated and set, so that the universality is poor during field use, the difficulty in installation and debugging is high, and the cost is high. The scheme adopts a calculation method of accumulated deviation, continuous adjustment, rapid temperature adjustment, no cold and hot stress, good stability, small error, few related parameter variables, no limitation to places and loads, convenient installation, good universality and transportability, and capability of passing k and delta T_{Extreme limit}The setting of the value controls the speed of the temperature adjusting effect.

In a specific application, W is as defined above_TargetThe value is the temperature value suitable for the growth of the livestock and poultry, which can be a constant value or a day-old temperature curve, the k value is a constant coefficient, and the delta T is_{extreme limit}is a constant value. In consideration of some special occasions with temperature difference, the load comprises a group of refrigerating devices and a group of heating devices, and the power supply of the load is two groups of power supplies output by the voltage conversion unit, wherein one group of power supplies power for the refrigerating devices, and the other group of power supplies power for the heating devices. Then, the second step further includes determining the cumulative deviation Δ T_nIf the current value is greater than or equal to zero, if so, the heating device and the refrigerating device loaded in the fourth step and the fifth step are in working states and the refrigerating device is in a cut-off state; otherwise, the refrigeration devices loaded in the fourth step and the fifth step are in a working state, and the heating devices are in a cut-off state. In order to avoid frequent alternation of the cold and hot devices, the running load can be closed and another load with reversely regulated temperature can be started within a certain time set in the control program, and the temperature can not be regulated to the target temperature.

Aiming at the background technology, a set of temperature regulation and control scheme with good feasibility and applicability to sows and piglets needs to be provided. By adopting the method, the sow moves in a large environment, the piglet moves in a local area, the temperature required by the piglet is higher than that of the sow, and the temperature of the local area where the piglet moves is regulated by adopting the system. As a preferred embodiment, said W_Targethas a value ofThe temperature value corresponding to the piglet day age, k is 10, and delta T_{Extreme limit}10000, the load is a heat preservation lamp or a heat preservation plate, the microcontroller calculates once accumulated deviation according to a rated period of 10ms, and a power supply of the load is an alternating current power supply which is obtained by processing an external alternating current power supply through the voltage conversion unit and has a frequency of 50 HZ. The micro-controller controls the heat preservation lamp or the heat preservation plate to heat the piglet activity area according to the piglet day age curve, the piglet activity area is maintained at an ideal temperature value state, after the temperature is fluctuated, the temperature can be rapidly adjusted and recovered within a few seconds, the activities of sows and piglets are not influenced, the sows can conveniently suckle to the piglet activity area, the different environmental requirements of sows and piglets in the same breeding house can be met, and the occurrence of heat and wind cold diseases caused by frequent temperature change is reduced.

Conversely, when the large environment is very hot and needs to cool the piglets, as another preferred embodiment, the W is_TargetThe value is the temperature value corresponding to the piglet day age, k is 10, and delta T_{Extreme limit}10000, the load is a fan or a refrigerator, the microcontroller calculates the once accumulated deviation according to the rated period of 10ms, and the power supply of the load is an alternating current power supply which is obtained by processing an external alternating current power supply through the voltage conversion unit and has the frequency of 50 HZ. The local cooling can save energy consumption.

It should be noted that the method is not limited to the specific circuit structure of the system, nor to the local environment application or the large environment application, and the specific circuit structure and the temperature control adjustment of the piggery piglets described in the present invention should be a preferable implementation carrier and application environment for the scheme, and the protection scope thereof should not be limited thereby.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.