阅读说明：本技术 一种用于火龙果溃疡病的防治剂 (Prevention and treatment agent for dragon fruit canker ) 是由 郑伟 王彬 黄国全 蒋邦念 韦堂倩 韦家平 黄家改 李兴忠 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及火龙果溃疡病防治技术领域,具体涉及一种用于火龙果溃疡病的防治剂,通过如下方法制成：(1)溃疡病菌液培养：取患溃疡病的火龙果枝条浸泡于溃疡病菌培养液中,于温度为30-35℃下培养；(2)抗病菌培养：向步骤(1)所得物中添加枝条质量0.5-1.0倍的有益菌液,于温度25-35℃条件下培养；(3)有害菌杀灭处理：依次用蓝光、绿光照射步骤(2)所得物各；(4)向步骤(2)所得物中添加无患子粉和香菇粉,超声波处理；本发明的防治剂不仅抑制了火龙果溃疡病病原菌的滋生,还改善了火龙果苗木光合作用和吸收能力,提高了火龙果苗木抗病能力。(The invention relates to the technical field of prevention and treatment of dragon fruit canker, in particular to a prevention and treatment agent for dragon fruit canker, which is prepared by the following method: (1) culturing ulcer disease bacterial liquid: soaking dragon fruit branches with canker in a canker bacterium culture solution, and culturing at 30-35 deg.C; (2) and (3) anti-bacterial culture: adding beneficial bacterium liquid with the mass of 0.5-1.0 time of that of branches into the product obtained in the step (1), and culturing at the temperature of 25-35 ℃; (3) and (3) harmful bacterium killing treatment: sequentially irradiating each substance obtained in the step (2) with blue light and green light; (4) adding soapberry powder and lentinus edodes powder into the product obtained in the step (2), and carrying out ultrasonic treatment; the prevention and control agent disclosed by the invention not only inhibits the breeding of pathogenic bacteria of the dragon fruit canker, but also improves the photosynthesis and absorption capacity of the dragon fruit nursery stock, and improves the disease resistance of the dragon fruit nursery stock.)

1. a prevention and treatment agent for dragon fruit canker is characterized by being prepared by the following steps:

(1) Culturing ulcer disease bacterial liquid: soaking dragon fruit branches suffering from canker in canker bacteria culture solution with the mass of 3-5 times of the branches, and culturing at 30-35 ℃ for 5-7 days;

(2) And (3) anti-bacterial culture: adding beneficial bacterium liquid with the mass of 0.5-1.0 time of that of branches into the product obtained in the step (1), and culturing for 5-7d at the temperature of 25-35 ℃;

(3) and (3) harmful bacterium killing treatment: sequentially irradiating the products obtained in the step (2) with blue light and green light for 20-30min respectively;

(4) And (4) adding soapberry powder accounting for 0.3-0.5 time of the mass of branches and mushroom powder accounting for 0.5-0.7 time of the mass of branches into the product obtained in the step (3), and performing ultrasonic treatment for 300-500 s.

2. the preventive and therapeutic agent for dragon fruit ulcer as claimed in claim 1, wherein each liter of the ulcer disease bacteria culture solution contains 10-20g of glucose, 20-30mg of zinc gluconate, 40-50mg of copper gluconate, and 15-25mg of amino acid.

3. The preventive and therapeutic agent for dragon fruit canker as claimed in claim 1, wherein said beneficial bacterial liquid comprises bifidobacterium (2.5-4.5) × 10 per liter⁷cfu, Trichoderma harzianum (1.2-2.8). times.10⁶cfu, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.5-2.0). times.10⁸cfu。

4. the preventive and therapeutic agent for dragon fruit ulcer disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of said soapberry powder is: drying and grinding the soapberry peel to 100 mesh, freezing at 0-5 deg.C for 10-18h, placing in mineral water until the water-solid mass ratio (8-12):1, and treating under high static pressure for 25-30 min.

5. The preventive and therapeutic agent for dragon fruit ulcer as claimed in claim 4, wherein said mineral water contains per liter the following components: contains sodium 12-18mg, calcium 5-9mg, potassium 12-15mg, magnesium 1-3mg, manganese 2-6mg, selenium 4-8mg, and carbon 32-38 mg.

6. The preventive agent for dragon fruit ulcer disease according to claim 4, wherein the high hydrostatic pressure treatment: pressurizing to 280-360MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10-12min, and increasing the pressure at 4-5 MPa/min.

7. The preventive and therapeutic agent for dragon fruit ulcer disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mushroom powder is prepared by a method comprising: placing Lentinus Edodes in 70-80% ethanol solution, microwave treating at 50-60 deg.C for 10-18min, plasma treating for 8-12min, separating, taking off precipitate, drying, and grinding.

8. the preventive agent for dragon fruit ulcer disease according to claim 7, wherein the plasma treatment: the protective gas is nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 100-120sccm, the power is 250-300W, and the processing time is 320-400 s.

9. the preventive and therapeutic agent for dragon fruit ulcer disease according to claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic treatment: the power is 150-250W, and the temperature is 60-65 ℃.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the technical field of prevention and treatment of dragon fruit canker, in particular to a prevention and treatment agent for dragon fruit canker.

Background

the pitaya is rich in a large amount of pulp fibers, anthocyanin, carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and the like, and is rich in mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like, so that the pitaya has the effects of beautifying, health care, treatment and the like; however, the occurrence of the dragon fruit diseases is frequent, the occurrence is particularly serious in hot and humid rainy seasons, the yield and the quality are seriously influenced, and the development of the dragon fruit industry is restricted.

The disease is mainly harmful to branches and fruits of the dragon fruits, the disease can occur from the period of the dragon fruits sprouting tender shoots to the period of flowering and fruiting, the disease starts from young stems, circular sunken chlorosis disease spots appear on the stems in the initial stage of the disease, the disease spots gradually become orange, and the disease spots are densely and numb on the whole fleshy stem when the disease spots are serious; the infected part in the later stage of disease is gray and protruded to form ulcer plaque, on which black conidiophore is produced, and in severe cases, the stem is completely rotten. The fruit is infected, at the early stage of the disease, the scale of the fruit and the surface of the fruit have round concave chlorosis scab, the scab gradually becomes orange, the yellow scab protrudes along with the fruit ripening, the scab is grey, ulcer scab is formed, and a conidiophor is grown on the yellow scab. The disease is commonly occurring in dragon fruit orchards, and the incidence of the disease is more than 30%. Moreover, the optimum growth temperature of pathogenic bacteria of the dragon fruit canker is 30 ℃, and the pH value is 7-8, so the canker is the most serious in high-temperature rainy season.

patent No. cn201910002945.x discloses a method for preventing and treating dragon fruit canker, which comprises spraying azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl or a combined drug of azoxystrobin and kresoxim-methyl in a dragon fruit garden when seedlings of dragon fruits grow young shoots, buds or fruits; regularly detecting the pH value of the soil in the dragon orchard, applying an organic fertilizer when the pH value is less than 5.5, and treating the soil by using bacillus subtilis; removing weeds in the dragon orchard, and removing withered or rotten grass stalks out of the dragon orchard; when yellow dots appear on the dragon fruit seedlings, spraying pyeloxate short; when red spots appear in yellow round spots on dragon fruit saplings, cutting the saplings with the red spots in the yellow round spots, and cleaning the dragon fruit saplings out of a dragon fruit garden; pruning overlapped or shaded old dragon fruit seedlings, and cleaning the pruned seedlings out of the dragon fruit garden. For another example, patent No. CN201710292738.3 discloses a comprehensive prevention and control method for dragon fruit canker, which is to select disease-free nursery stock and disease-resistant variety for cultivation in newly-built orchard; spraying a bactericide to inhibit pathogenic spore germination in a diseased orchard in spring; in the key period of control in summer, the medium of pathogenic bacteria circulating infection is reduced by timely pruning new shoots, and a bactericide is sprayed; trimming in autumn and winter, cleaning garden, spraying pesticide, and eliminating pathogenic spore in winter. The prevention and control method of the patent mainly comprises the step of spraying chemical agents, so that the planting cost is increased, and the environmental pollution is aggravated.

the patent No. CN201710451896.9 discloses a composition for preventing and treating dragon fruit canker and anthracnose and a preparation method thereof, and the composition for preventing and treating dragon fruit canker and anthracnose is prepared by extracting 95-105 parts by weight of folium isatidis, 55-65 parts by weight of chrysanthemum, 5-15 parts by weight of rice straw, 0.5-1 part by weight of brown sugar and 0.5-1 part by weight of salt. However, the medicament can resist ulcer pathogenic bacteria from the outside and cannot improve the disease resistance of the dragon fruit.

therefore, it is important to find a green prevention and control method for preventing and treating the dragon fruit canker disease.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a preventive and treatment agent for dragon fruit canker.

The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

A prevention and treatment agent for dragon fruit canker is prepared by the following steps:

(1) Culturing ulcer disease bacterial liquid: soaking dragon fruit branches suffering from canker in canker bacteria culture solution with the mass of 3-5 times of the branches, and culturing at 30-35 ℃ for 5-7 days;

(2) And (3) anti-bacterial culture: adding beneficial bacterium liquid with the mass of 0.5-1.0 time of that of branches into the product obtained in the step (1), and culturing for 5-7d at the temperature of 25-35 ℃;

(3) And (3) harmful bacterium killing treatment: sequentially irradiating the products obtained in the step (2) with blue light and green light for 20-30min respectively;

(4) And (4) adding soapberry powder accounting for 0.3-0.5 time of the mass of branches and mushroom powder accounting for 0.5-0.7 time of the mass of branches into the product obtained in the step (3), and performing ultrasonic treatment for 300-500 s.

each liter of the ulcer disease bacteria culture solution contains 10-20g of glucose, 20-30mg of zinc gluconate, 40-50mg of copper gluconate and 15-25mg of amino acid.

each liter of beneficial bacterium liquid comprises bifidobacterium (2.5-4.5) multiplied by 10⁷cfu, Trichoderma harzianum (1.2-2.8). times.10⁶cfu, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (1.5-2.0). times.10⁸cfu。

The preparation method of the soapberry powder comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the soapberry peel to 100 mesh, freezing at 0-5 deg.C for 10-18h, placing in mineral water until the water-solid mass ratio (8-12):1, and treating under high static pressure for 25-30 min.

The mineral water contains the following components per liter: contains sodium 12-18mg, calcium 5-9mg, potassium 12-15mg, magnesium 1-3mg, manganese 2-6mg, selenium 4-8mg, and carbon 32-38 mg.

And (3) high static pressure treatment: pressurizing to 280-360MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10-12min, and increasing the pressure at 4-5 MPa/min.

The preparation method of the mushroom powder comprises the following steps: placing Lentinus Edodes in 70-80% ethanol solution, microwave treating at 50-60 deg.C for 10-18min, plasma treating for 8-12min, separating, taking off precipitate, drying, and grinding.

the plasma treatment comprises the following steps: the protective gas is nitrogen, the flow rate of the nitrogen is 100-120sccm, the power is 250-300W, and the processing time is 320-400 s.

The ultrasonic treatment comprises the following steps: the power is 150-250W, and the temperature is 60-65 ℃.

has the advantages that:

After the dragon fruits germinate for 10 days, 50-70mL of the control agent is sprayed on each plant, so that the canker hazard rate of the dragon fruits is reduced by 20%, the commodity fruit rate is improved by 15%, the income per mu is increased by more than 800 yuan, and the control cost is low. The prevention and control agent disclosed by the invention not only inhibits the breeding of pathogenic bacteria of the dragon fruit canker, but also improves the photosynthesis and absorption capacity of the dragon fruit nursery stock, and improves the disease resistance of the dragon fruit nursery stock.

The beneficial bacteria are added, so that the resistance of the beneficial bacteria to pathogenic bacteria is improved, the beneficial bacteria are massively proliferated, and the pathogenic bacteria are effectively killed by irradiating the beneficial bacteria with blue light and green light and by means of different photoreaction effects of each bacterium; and reasonable extraction of the soapberry powder and the lentinus edodes powder is combined, so that nutritional ingredients are provided for beneficial bacteria, the effect of the control agent is ensured, the storage time of the control agent is prolonged, the activity and the activity stability of the effective ingredients are improved, the disease resistance of crops is improved, the recurrence rate and the treatment cost of canker are reduced, and the treatment time is shortened.

Detailed Description

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.