阅读说明：本技术 一种铅锌块状矿石智能分选方法 (Intelligent sorting method for lead-zinc block ores ) 是由 潘仁球 何从行 白成庆 欧也斐 罗远波 聂正才 于 2019-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种铅锌块状矿石智能分选方法,包括：(1)粗碎、初筛：铅锌原矿矿石经粗碎破碎机破碎后通过双层振动筛进行洗矿筛分分级；(2)中碎：初筛出来的大粒径的矿石运送至中碎破碎机,破碎后的矿石返回到步骤1)进行洗矿筛分；(3)智能分选抛废：初筛出来的中粒径矿石输送至X射线智能矿石分选机进行智能分选抛废,智能分选选出的尾矿废石；(4)细碎、精筛：智能分选出的精矿运送至细碎破碎机,破碎后的精矿石进入单层振动筛进行精筛。该铅锌块状矿石智能分选方法,先粗碎,再采用X射线智能矿石分选机将其中解离的脉石矿物直接抛出,降低了选矿成本,提高了矿石的入选品位和选厂处理能力,减少了尾砂产量,缓解了尾矿库库容不足的压力。(An intelligent lead-zinc lump ore sorting method comprises the following steps: (1) coarse crushing and primary screening: crushing the lead-zinc raw ore by a coarse crushing crusher, and then washing, screening and grading the crushed ore by a double-layer vibrating screen; (2) crushing in middle: conveying the primarily screened ore with large particle size to a medium-sized crusher, and returning the crushed ore to the step 1) for ore washing and screening; (3) waste is thrown in intelligent separation: conveying the primarily screened ores with medium particle sizes to an X-ray intelligent ore separator for intelligent separation and waste disposal, and intelligently separating the selected tailings and waste rocks; (4) fine crushing and fine screening: and (4) conveying the concentrate subjected to intelligent sorting to a fine crusher, and feeding the crushed concentrate ore into a single-layer vibrating screen for fine screening. According to the intelligent lead-zinc block ore sorting method, firstly coarse crushing is carried out, and then the dissociated gangue minerals are directly thrown out by adopting the X-ray intelligent ore sorting machine, so that the ore sorting cost is reduced, the ore selecting grade and the plant selection processing capacity are improved, the tailing yield is reduced, and the pressure of insufficient storage capacity of tailings is relieved.)

1. the intelligent lead-zinc lump ore sorting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) coarse crushing and primary screening: crushing the lead-zinc raw ore by a coarse crushing crusher, and then screening and grading the crushed raw ore by a double-layer vibrating screen to obtain ores with three granularity levels of large granularity, medium granularity and small granularity;

(2) crushing in middle: conveying the large-particle-size ores primarily screened in the step 1) to a medium-sized crusher by a belt, and conveying the crushed ores to the double-layer vibrating screen in the step 1) by the belt for ore washing and screening;

(3) waste is thrown in intelligent separation: conveying the medium-particle-size ores primarily screened out in the step 1) to an X-ray intelligent ore separator through a conveying belt for intelligent separation and waste disposal, and directly conveying the tailings and the waste rocks subjected to intelligent separation to a waste rock storage yard or selling the tailings and the waste rocks as building aggregates;

(4) fine crushing and fine screening: and (4) conveying the concentrate intelligently sorted in the step (3) to a fine crusher by a belt, and feeding the crushed concentrate into a single-layer vibrating screen for fine screening and grading.

2. The intelligent lead-zinc block ore sorting method according to claim 1, further comprising conveying the medium-size fine ore finely screened by the single-layer vibrating screen by a belt and returning the medium-size fine ore to the single-layer vibrating screen in the step (4) for circular crushing and re-screening and sorting, or returning the medium-size fine ore to the double-layer vibrating screen in the step (1) for re-washing and screening and intelligent sorting.

3. the intelligent lead ~ zinc block ore sorting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the screen holes of the single ~ layer vibrating screen are the same as the screen holes of the lower layer of the double ~ layer vibrating screen, the screen holes of the single ~ layer vibrating screen are 10 ~ 15mm in diameter, and the screen holes of the upper layer of the double ~ layer vibrating screen are 30 ~ 50mm in diameter.

4. the intelligent lead ~ zinc block ore sorting method according to claim 3, wherein the screen holes of the upper layer screen and the lower layer screen of the double ~ layer vibrating screen in the step 1) are respectively 50mm and 10mm, the grain sizes of the ores with large grain size, medium grain size and small grain size are respectively +50mm, +10mm ~, ~ 50mm and ~ 10mm, and the screen holes of the single ~ layer vibrating screen in the step (4) are 10 mm.

5. The intelligent lead-zinc lump ore separation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (3), the separation threshold of the concentrate and the tailings can be set according to the lead and zinc contents in the raw ore in the control system of the intelligent X-ray ore separator, and the separation threshold of the intelligent separation is Pb ≦ 0.2%, and Zn ≦ 0.2%.

6. The intelligent lead-zinc lump ore separation method of claim 5, wherein the metal content Pb in the tailings and waste rocks intelligently separated by the X-ray intelligent ore separator in the step (3) is less than or equal to 0.2%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.2%, S is less than or equal to 2%, Ag is less than or equal to 10g/t, and Au is less than or equal to 0.4 g/t.

7. The intelligent lead-zinc block ore separation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (3), the ore is deslimed and washed by a washing water device on a conveying belt bracket during the conveying process.

8. The intelligent lead-zinc lump ore sorting method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: (5) and (3) feeding the primarily screened ore with small particle size in the step (1) into a spiral classifier along with ore washing water for classification and separation, conveying the classified return sand and the fine ore with small particle size finely screened in the step (4) to a fine ore bin by a belt, and feeding the classified overflow liquid into an ore washing thickener for separation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of copper-zinc mineral processing, in particular to an intelligent lead-zinc block ore sorting method.

Background

With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the resource consumption is more and more increased, thereby aggravating the tension degree of mineral resource supply, wherein the lead-zinc resource has important role in national economy as an important nonferrous metal mineral resource, and is widely applied to the fields of electrical industry, mechanical industry, military industry, metallurgical industry, chemical industry, light industry, pharmaceutical industry and the like. In addition, lead metal is also used in many sectors, such as nuclear industry and petroleum industry; however, lead and zinc resources are a scarce resource, and lead and zinc are regarded and protected as important strategic resources in all countries of the world.

Lead and zinc mineral resources in China are rich, wherein the basic reserve of lead reaches 1248 ten thousand and the resource reserve reaches 3757 ten thousand; the basic reserve of zinc reaches 3763 million t, the resource reserve is 9267 million t, which is second only to the third place in the world of Australia and America, but the lead and zinc mineral resources in China have: the ore types are complex, the single lead or zinc ore types are few, the lean ores are more, the rich ores are less, the ore dressing is easy to be less, and the like. According to a survey conducted by the ministry of homeland resources, the lowest practical industrial grade in the lead mines in China is 0.5 percent at the lowest, 4 percent at the highest and 1.39 percent on average, and the maximum percentage of the mines between 0.7 percent and 1 percent accounts for 47.27 percent; the lowest practical industrial grade of zinc mines is 0.7 percent at the lowest, 18 percent at the highest and 2.95 percent on average, while 1 percent to 3 percent of the mines account for 73.17 percent at the highest, the sum of the lead and zinc grades of the mines is more than 5 percent to 10 percent, ores with the grade of more than 10 percent only account for 15 percent of the total reserve, along with the continuous exploitation of lead and zinc enterprises in China, the easily-mined and easily-processed lead and zinc ore resources tend to be reduced day by day, and the complex and difficultly-selected low-grade lead and zinc ores are relatively more.

The traditional beneficiation technologies of lead-zinc ores mainly comprise flotation, wet leaching, pyrometallurgy and the like, wherein the flotation method is mainly adopted: the method comprises the steps of sulfide-amine flotation, sulfide-xanthate flotation and direct fatty acid flotation, wherein in the conventional lead-zinc ore beneficiation production process, gangue minerals in raw ores are all fed into a beneficiation production system and form fine sand-shaped tailings after a ball milling-flotation process, and in the case of solving the problem of insufficient tailing pond capacity, the tailings need to be comprehensively utilized, and the tailings are taken as raw materials in the aspect of building materials after being dehydrated and dried. In the existing mineral separation technology, after raw ore is coarsely crushed and crushed, part of gangue minerals are dissociated, and the gangue minerals enter subsequent ore grinding-flotation operation along with the ore, so that unnecessary mineral separation cost consumption is caused, and the pressure of insufficient storage capacity of a tailing pond is increased after tailings are formed.

CN103071631A discloses a method for sorting and pre-enriching copper-containing gold ore by X-ray radiation, which comprises crushing copper-containing gold ore to below 150mm by a crusher, sieving the crushed material by a sieving machine with a sieve mesh size of 20mm or more, feeding the sieved material onto the X-ray radiation sorting machine by a feeder, setting a sorting threshold value according to the content of copper in the raw ore in a control system of the X-ray radiation sorting machine, and carrying out the sorting by the X-ray radiation sorting machine to obtain gold concentrate and tailings. The method mainly aims at the separation and enrichment of the copper and gold ores, requires setting different threshold values for screening for more than 2 times, is complex to operate, and does not provide a specific separation method aiming at lead-zinc blocky ores, particularly the lead-zinc blocky ores are the separation threshold values.

Therefore, the pressure for efficiently and intelligently sorting the lead-zinc fast ores, rapidly screening the dissociated gangue minerals, reducing the ore dressing cost, improving the selection grade and the plant selection processing capacity of the ores, reducing the tailing output and relieving the insufficient capacity of a tailing reservoir is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the intelligent lead-zinc lump ore sorting method is simple to operate, low in equipment investment cost and capable of efficiently and quickly screening gangue minerals.

the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

An intelligent lead-zinc block ore sorting method comprises the following steps:

(1) Coarse crushing and primary screening: crushing the lead-zinc raw ore by a coarse crushing crusher, and then screening and grading the crushed raw ore by a double-layer vibrating screen to obtain ores with three granularity levels of large granularity, medium granularity and small granularity;

(2) Crushing in middle: conveying the large-particle-size ores primarily screened in the step 1) to a medium-sized crusher by a belt, and conveying the crushed ores to the double-layer vibrating screen in the step 1) by the belt for ore washing and screening;

(3) Waste is thrown in intelligent separation: conveying the medium-particle-size ores primarily screened out in the step 1) to an X-ray intelligent ore separator through a conveying belt for intelligent separation and waste disposal, and directly conveying the tailings and the waste rocks subjected to intelligent separation to a waste rock storage yard or selling the tailings and the waste rocks as building aggregates;

(4) Fine crushing and fine screening: conveying the concentrate intelligently sorted in the step (3) to a fine crusher by a belt, and feeding the crushed concentrate into a single-layer vibrating screen for fine screening and grading;

Optionally, (5) feeding the ores of minus 10mm primarily screened out in the step 1) into a spiral classifier along with ore washing water for classification, conveying classified return sand and the fine ores of minus 10mm screened out in the step (4) to a fine ore bin by a belt, and performing classification overflow to enter an ore washing thickener for separation.

and (3) conveying the fine ore with the medium particle size screened by the single-layer vibrating screen by a belt, returning the fine ore to the single-layer vibrating screen in the step (4) for circular crushing and screening and sorting, or returning the fine ore to the double-layer vibrating screen in the step (1) for ore washing and screening again and intelligent sorting.

preferably, the mesh of the single ~ layer vibrating screen is the same as the mesh of the lower layer of the double ~ layer vibrating screen in diameter, the mesh of the single ~ layer vibrating screen is 10 ~ 15mm in diameter, and the mesh of the upper layer of the double ~ layer vibrating screen is 30 ~ 50mm in diameter.

in one exemplary embodiment, the sieve holes of the upper layer sieve and the lower layer sieve of the double ~ -layer vibrating sieve in the step 1) are respectively 50mm and 10mm, the particle sizes of ores with large particle size, medium particle size and small particle size are respectively +50mm, +10mm ~ -50mm and ~ -10mm, and the sieve holes of the single ~ -layer vibrating sieve in the step (4) are 10 mm.

In an exemplary embodiment, in step (3), the separation threshold of the concentrate and the tailings can be set in the control system of the X-ray intelligent ore separator according to the content of lead and zinc in the raw ore, and the separation threshold of the intelligent separation is Pb ≦ 0.2% and Zn ≦ 0.2%.

In an exemplary embodiment, in step (3), the content of metals in the tailings and waste rocks intelligently sorted by the X-ray intelligent ore sorter is less than or equal to 0.2% for Pb, less than or equal to 0.2% for Zn, less than or equal to 2% for S, less than or equal to 10g/t for Ag, and less than or equal to 0.4g/t for Au.

In an exemplary embodiment, in step (3), the ore is deslimed and washed during transportation by a washing water device on the transportation belt bracket.

The intelligent lead-zinc block ore sorting method has the beneficial effects that:

the lead-zinc block raw ore is coarsely crushed by the double-layer vibrating screen to meet certain granularity requirement, and the dissociated gangue minerals are directly thrown out by the X-ray intelligent ore separator, so that the ore dressing cost is reduced, the ore selection grade and the plant selection processing capacity are improved, the tailing yield is reduced, and the pressure of insufficient storage capacity of a tailing reservoir is relieved.

After the large-particle-size ores coarsely crushed by the double-layer vibrating screen are crushed, the large-particle-size ores are returned to the double-layer vibrating screen for secondary screening, the screening efficiency of the double-layer vibrating screen for the ores is improved, the separation rate of the lead-zinc block-shaped raw ores is increased, and the waste in the ore separation process is effectively reduced.

the ore concentrate separated by the X-ray intelligent ore separator is subjected to secondary fine screening by adopting a single-layer vibrating screen, the ore with the grain size in the fine screening is conveyed by a belt and returned to the double-layer vibrating screen for secondary ore washing and screening or returned to the single-layer vibrating screen for secondary screening and sorting, and the ore with the small grain size is conveyed by the belt to a fine ore bin for further sorting and processing, so that the sorting efficiency of lead-zinc block ore is remarkably improved, and the utilization rate of sorting equipment is also improved.

And the ores with small particle sizes are graded and overflowed by a spiral classifier, and returned sand is conveyed to a fine ore bin for treatment, so that the separation efficiency of the lead-zinc blocky raw ores is improved.

the intelligent lead ~ zinc block ore sorting method disclosed by the invention realizes grading, crushing and screening of lead ~ zinc block ore, gangue minerals with Pb less than 0.2% and Zn less than 0.2% are quickly and efficiently sorted from medium ~ particle ~ size ore with the particle size of 10 ~ 50mm after being crushed by X ~ ray intelligent mineral separation equipment, and waste disposal treatment is carried out on the gangue minerals, the metal content of tailings and waste stones thrown out by the X ~ ray intelligent mineral separation equipment is close to that of tailings subjected to normal flotation, the operation waste disposal rate can reach 35%, the ore amount entering a grinding ~ flotation process is reduced, the grade of ores entering a flotation process and the plant disposal capacity are improved, the ore production cost is reduced, the yield of flotation tailings is reduced, and waste stones thrown out by the intelligent sorting waste disposal process can be used as building aggregates, so that a new economic value is created.

drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an intelligent lead-zinc bulk ore sorting method according to example 1;

fig. 2 is a process flow chart of the intelligent lead-zinc bulk ore sorting method in example 2.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.