阅读说明：本技术 燃气活塞周向解锁结构 (Circumferential unlocking structure of gas piston ) 是由 姜新才 龙军 金博 邓飞 郭翔 廖金燕 于 2019-08-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：燃气活塞周向解锁结构,涉及火工旋转作动装置锁定解锁领域；包括火工装药、壳体、燃气活塞、转轴、防转销和剪切销；其中,壳体为中空T字型结构；转轴水平设置在T字型壳体顶部水平空腔的轴心位置；燃气活塞为环状结构；燃气活塞位于T字型壳体的顶部水平空腔中,且燃气活塞套装在转轴的外壁；防转销和剪切销分别设置在壳体的侧壁内；且防转销和剪切销轴向指向壳体的轴心；火工装药轴向竖直固定安装在T字型壳体底部的竖直空腔中；T字型壳体的顶部水平空腔与竖直空腔连通；本发明实现了转轴在承受极大的外加扭矩或各种严酷的力学环境情况下均不会转动；同时只需要较小的解锁力即可实现燃气活塞周向解锁结构的解锁。(A circumferential unlocking structure of a gas piston relates to the field of locking and unlocking of an initiating explosive rotary actuating device; the device comprises a priming charge, a shell, a gas piston, a rotating shaft, an anti-rotation pin and a shearing pin; wherein, the shell is a hollow T-shaped structure; the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged at the axis position of a horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell; the gas piston is of an annular structure; the gas piston is positioned in the horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell and sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft; the anti-rotation pin and the shearing pin are respectively arranged in the side wall of the shell; the anti-rotation pin and the shear pin axially point to the axis of the shell; the initiating explosive charge is axially and vertically and fixedly arranged in a vertical cavity at the bottom of the T-shaped shell; the top horizontal cavity of the T-shaped shell is communicated with the vertical cavity; the invention realizes that the rotating shaft can not rotate under the conditions of bearing extremely large external torque or various harsh mechanical environments; meanwhile, the unlocking of the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston can be realized only by small unlocking force.)

1. Gas piston circumference unblock structure, its characterized in that: comprises a priming charge (1), a shell (2), a gas piston (3), a rotating shaft (4), an anti-rotation pin (5) and a shearing pin (6); wherein, the shell (2) is a hollow T-shaped structure; the rotating shaft (4) is horizontally arranged at the axis position of the horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell (2); the gas piston (3) is of an annular structure; the gas piston (3) is positioned in a horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell (2), and the gas piston (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (4); the anti-rotation pin (5) and the shearing pin (6) are respectively arranged in the side wall of the shell (2); the anti-rotation pin (5) and the shear pin (6) axially point to the axis of the shell (2); the initiating explosive charge (1) is axially and vertically and fixedly arranged in a vertical cavity at the bottom of the T-shaped shell (2); the top horizontal cavity of the T-shaped shell (2) is communicated with the vertical cavity.

2. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure of claim 1, wherein: the anti-rotation pin (5) and the shearing pin (6) are positioned in the same circumferential surface of the horizontal side wall at the top of the shell (2); the anti-rotation pin (5) and the shearing pin (6) are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the shell (2); the included angle a between the anti-rotation pin (5) and the shearing pin (6) and the axis of the shell (2) is 10-30 degrees.

3. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom side wall of the gas piston (3) is contacted with the inner wall of the shell (2); the anti-rotation pin (5) penetrates through the inner wall of the shell (2) along the axial direction and extends into the bottom of the gas piston (3), and the circumferential rotation of the gas piston (3) is limited.

4. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure according to claim 3, wherein: the shear pin (6) penetrates through the inner wall of the shell (2) along the axial direction and extends into the bottom of the gas piston (3), and the axial movement of the gas piston (3) is limited.

5. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure according to claim 4, wherein: a key is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft (4); a key groove is formed in the corresponding position of the inner wall of the gas piston (3); the rotating shaft (4) is fixedly connected with the gas piston (3) through the matching of keys and key grooves; the gas piston (3) can limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft (4).

6. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure of claim 5, wherein: when the gas piston (3) moves to the right in the axial direction until the key groove of the gas piston (3) is separated from the key of the rotating shaft (4), the rotating shaft (4) can rotate freely and circumferentially.

7. the gas piston circumferential unlocking structure of claim 6, wherein: the locking state of the circumferential unlocking device is as follows: the gas piston (3) is fixedly connected with the shell (2) through an anti-rotation pin (5) and a shearing pin (6); the anti-rotation pin (5) realizes circumferential limiting and fixing of the gas piston (3); the shear pin (6) realizes axial limiting and fixing of the gas piston (3); the gas piston (3) and the rotating shaft (4) are matched and fixedly connected with each other through keys and key grooves; the gas piston (3) can limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft (4).

8. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure of claim 7, wherein: the unlocking process of the circumferential unlocking device comprises the following steps: high-temperature and high-pressure gas pressure P generated by combustion of the initiating explosive charge (1); the gas pressure P moves upwards from the vertical cavity at the bottom of the shell (2) to the horizontal cavity at the top of the shell (2) and acts on the gas piston (3) horizontally and rightwards to push the gas piston (3) to shear the shear pin (6); the gas piston (3) continues to axially move to the right by a distance b under the action of gas pressure P; the key of the rotating shaft (4) is separated from the key groove of the gas piston (3); the contact is used for circumferential limit of the rotating shaft (4); realizing the free rotation of the rotating shaft (4).

9. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure of claim 8, wherein: the gas pressure P is less than or equal to 80 MPa.

10. The gas piston circumferential unlocking structure of claim 9, wherein: the distance b is 2-10 mm.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of locking and unlocking of an initiating explosive device rotary actuating device, in particular to a circumferential unlocking structure of a gas piston.

Background

The initiating explosive actuating device generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas driving mechanism to do work through gunpowder combustion, and can be divided into two types according to the output form: a direct push type actuating device (outputting thrust and pulling force) and a rotary actuating device (outputting torque). The functions can be completed by using an initiating explosive device to rotate and actuate at places needing torque, such as the unfolding of a folding missile wing of a missile, the unfolding of a satellite antenna and the like; in most occasions, the initiating explosive device needs to initially lock the rotating shaft, can be reliably unlocked during working, and has the functions of large locking force and small unlocking force.

The common initial locking methods in the fire equipment are as follows: shear pin locking and snap ring locking.

The shear pin locking mode is simple in structure, the movable part and the moving part are directly fixed by the shear pin, gas pressure generated by combustion of initiating explosive agents acts on the movable part during unlocking, and the movable part is driven to shear the shear pin, so that unlocking is realized; therefore, to ensure reliable unlocking, the unlocking force generated by the gas pressure must be greater than the shear pin locking force. The locking force of the shear pin locking mode is usually small because the gas pressure must be increased to achieve a large initial locking force, and excessive gas pressure may cause excessive impact during operation of the firer operating device and may exceed the strength limit of the housing to cause the housing to burst. When the initiating explosive device needs to have larger initial locking force, the shear pin locking mode is difficult to meet the requirement.

the mode of snap ring locking usually needs to design two pistons, and the gas promotes first piston and makes the snap ring unblock, then promotes the second piston and realizes acting again, and the snap ring is great and the unblock power is less to the locking force of piston. However, the snap ring locking mode can only lock the components which perform the direct movement due to the limitation of the structure of the snap ring, the rotary actuating device of the initiating explosive device outputs the torque through the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the snap ring locking mode cannot lock the rotating components and cannot meet the initial locking requirement of the rotary actuating device of the initiating explosive device.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a circumferential unlocking structure of a gas piston, and realizes that a rotating shaft cannot rotate under the conditions of bearing extremely large external torque or various harsh mechanical environments; meanwhile, the unlocking of the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston can be realized only by small unlocking force.

The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

The circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston comprises a priming charge, a shell, the gas piston, a rotating shaft, an anti-rotation pin and a shearing pin; wherein, the shell is a hollow T-shaped structure; the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged at the axis position of a horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell; the gas piston is of an annular structure; the gas piston is positioned in the horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell and sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft; the anti-rotation pin and the shearing pin are respectively arranged in the side wall of the shell; the anti-rotation pin and the shear pin axially point to the axis of the shell; the initiating explosive charge is axially and vertically and fixedly arranged in a vertical cavity at the bottom of the T-shaped shell; the top horizontal cavity of the T-shaped shell is communicated with the vertical cavity.

In the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, the anti-rotation pin and the shear pin are positioned in the same circumferential surface of the horizontal side wall at the top of the shell; the anti-rotation pins and the shearing pins are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the shell; the included angle a between the anti-rotation pin and the shearing pin and the axle center of the shell is 10-30 degrees.

In the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, the side wall of the bottom of the gas piston is in contact with the inner wall of the shell; the anti-rotation pin penetrates through the inner wall of the shell along the axial direction and extends into the bottom of the gas piston, and the circumferential rotation of the gas piston is limited.

In the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, the shear pin axially penetrates through the inner wall of the shell and extends into the bottom of the gas piston, so that the axial movement of the gas piston is limited.

In the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, a key is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft; a key groove is formed in the corresponding position of the inner wall of the gas piston; the rotating shaft and the gas piston are matched and fixedly connected through a key and a key groove; the gas piston can limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft.

In the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, when the gas piston moves rightwards in the axial direction until the key groove of the gas piston is separated from the key of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft can rotate freely in the circumferential direction.

In the above-mentioned gas piston circumference unlocking structure, the locking state of circumference unlocking device is: the gas piston is fixedly connected with the shell through an anti-rotation pin and a shearing pin; the anti-rotation pin realizes circumferential limiting and fixing of the gas piston; the shear pin realizes axial limiting and fixing of the gas piston; the gas piston is matched and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft through a key and a key groove; the gas piston can limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft.

In the above-mentioned gas piston circumference unlocking structure, the unlocking process of circumference unlocking device does: high-temperature high-pressure gas pressure P generated by the combustion of the initiating explosive charge; the gas pressure P moves upwards from the vertical cavity at the bottom of the shell to the horizontal cavity at the top of the shell and acts on the gas piston horizontally to the right to push the gas piston to shear the shear pin; the gas piston continues to axially move to the right by a distance b under the action of gas pressure P; the key of the rotating shaft is separated from the key groove of the gas piston; the contact is used for limiting the circumference of the rotating shaft; the free rotation of the rotating shaft is realized.

in the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, the gas pressure P is less than or equal to 80 MPa.

In the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston, the distance b is 2-10 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) The gas piston and the anti-rotation pin are adopted to replace a shear pin in the prior art to perform circumferential initial locking on the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft cannot rotate under the conditions of bearing extremely large external torque or various severe mechanical environments;

(2) The shearing pin is only used for axially restraining the gas piston, the shearing force is small, the gas piston can be driven to shear the shearing pin only by small gas pressure, and then the circumferential unlocking of the rotating shaft is realized by mutually separating the key and the groove between the gas piston and the rotating shaft through the axial movement of the gas piston, so that the unlocking of the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston can be realized only by small unlocking force (unlocking pressure).

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of an unlocking mechanism of the present invention;

3 FIG. 3 2 3 is 3 a 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 present 3 invention 3 in 3 a 3 locked 3 state 3 A 3- 3 A 3; 3

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combustion of the pyrotechnic charge of the present invention;

3 fig. 3 4 3 is 3 a 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 unlocked 3 state 3 a 3- 3 a 3 of 3 the 3 present 3 invention 3. 3

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:

The invention provides a locking structure capable of realizing circumferential locking and work unlocking functions of an initiating explosive rotary actuating device, wherein a gas piston 3 and a shell 2 are circumferentially fixed through an anti-rotation pin 5 and axially fixed through a shear pin 6; meanwhile, a key-groove matching structure is adopted between the gas piston 3 and the rotating shaft 4, and the key and the groove can be respectively in an inserting state and a separating state along with the change of the axial position of the gas piston 3. In the initial state, the key insertion grooves are mutually matched to prevent the rotating shaft 4 from rotating in the circumferential direction, so that the initial circumferential locking of the rotating shaft 4 is realized; when the gas piston is unlocked in work, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by combustion of the initiating explosive charge 1 acts on the gas piston 3, axial acting force is applied to the gas piston 3, the gas piston 3 is pushed to shear the shear pin 6 and generate axial movement, keys and grooves between the gas piston 3 and the rotating shaft 4 are separated from each other after the gas piston moves axially, circumferential restraint on the rotating shaft 4 is removed, the circumferential unlocking function of the rotating shaft 4 is realized, and the rotating shaft 4 can rotate. Has the advantages of large locking force and small unlocking force.

As shown in fig. 1, which is a side view of an unlocking structure, it can be seen that the gas piston circumferential unlocking structure comprises a pyrotechnic charge 1, a housing 2, a gas piston 3, a rotating shaft 4, an anti-rotation pin 5 and a shear pin 6; wherein, the shell 2 is a hollow T-shaped structure; the rotating shaft 4 is horizontally arranged at the axis position of a horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell 2; the gas piston 3 is of an annular structure; the gas piston 3 is positioned in a horizontal cavity at the top of the T-shaped shell 2, and the gas piston 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 4; the anti-rotation pin 5 and the shear pin 6 are respectively arranged in the side wall of the shell 2; the anti-rotation pin 5 and the shear pin 6 axially point to the axis of the shell 2; the initiating explosive charge 1 is axially and vertically and fixedly arranged in a vertical cavity at the bottom of the T-shaped shell 2; the top horizontal cavity of the T-shaped shell 2 is communicated with the vertical cavity.

3 as 3 shown 3 in 3 fig. 3 2 3, 3 which 3 is 3 a 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 locked 3 state 3 a 3- 3 a 3, 3 it 3 can 3 be 3 seen 3 that 3 the 3 rotation 3 preventing 3 pins 3 5 3 and 3 the 3 shear 3 pins 3 6 3 are 3 located 3 in 3 the 3 same 3 circumferential 3 surface 3 of 3 the 3 horizontal 3 side 3 wall 3 of 3 the 3 top 3 of 3 the 3 housing 3 2 3; 3 The anti-rotation pin 5 and the shearing pin 6 are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the shell 2; the included angle a between the anti-rotation pin 5 and the shearing pin 6 and the axis of the shell 2 is 10-30 degrees; the mutual noninterference of the anti-rotation pin 5 and the shearing pin 6 is realized, and the anti-rotation pin 5 and the shearing pin 6 are safe to lock the gas piston 3 and stable in locking state under the action of the gravity of the gas piston 3.

The bottom side wall of the gas piston 3 is contacted with the inner wall of the shell 2; the anti-rotation pin 5 penetrates through the inner wall of the shell 2 along the axial direction and extends into the bottom of the gas piston 3, and the circumferential rotation of the gas piston 3 is limited. The shearing pin 6 penetrates through the inner wall of the shell 2 along the axial direction and extends into the bottom of the gas piston 3, so that the axial movement of the gas piston 3 is limited.

A key is arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft 4; key grooves are formed in the corresponding positions of the inner walls of the gas pistons 3; the rotating shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the gas piston 3 through key and key groove matching; the gas piston 3 can limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft 4. When the gas piston 3 moves to the right in the axial direction until the key groove of the gas piston 3 is separated from the key of the rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 rotates freely and circumferentially.

The locking state of the circumferential unlocking device is as follows: the gas piston 3 is fixedly connected with the shell 2 through an anti-rotation pin 5 and a shearing pin 6; the anti-rotation pin 5 realizes circumferential limiting and fixing of the gas piston 3; the shear pin 6 realizes the axial limiting and fixing of the gas piston 3; the gas piston 3 and the rotating shaft 4 are matched and fixedly connected with each other through keys and key grooves; the gas piston 3 can limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft 4.

3 as 3 shown 3 in 3 fig. 3 3 3, 3 the 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 combustion 3 of 3 the 3 initiating 3 explosive 3 charge 3 and 3 as 3 shown 3 in 3 fig. 3 4 3, 3 the 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 unlocking 3 state 3 a 3- 3 a 3, 3 it 3 can 3 be 3 seen 3 from 3 the 3 figure 3 that 3 the 3 unlocking 3 process 3 of 3 the 3 circumferential 3 unlocking 3 device 3 is 3 as 3 follows 3: 3 The high-temperature high-pressure gas pressure P generated by the combustion of the initiating explosive charge 1; the gas pressure P moves upwards from the vertical cavity at the bottom of the shell 2 to the horizontal cavity at the top of the shell 2 and acts on the gas piston 3 horizontally and rightwards to push the gas piston 3 to shear the shear pin 6; the gas piston 3 continues to axially move to the right by a distance b under the action of gas pressure P; the key of the rotating shaft 4 is separated from the key groove of the gas piston 3; the contact is used for circumferential limit of the rotating shaft 4; the free rotation of the rotating shaft 4 is realized.

Wherein the gas pressure P is less than or equal to 80 MPa; the shearing force is small, the gas piston 3 can be driven to shear the shearing pin 6 only by small gas pressure, and then the circumferential unlocking of the rotating shaft is realized by mutually separating the key and the groove between the gas piston 3 and the rotating shaft 4 through the axial movement of the gas piston, so that the unlocking of the circumferential unlocking structure of the gas piston can be realized only by small unlocking force (unlocking pressure). The distance b is 2-10mm, and the gas piston 3 only needs a small moving range along the axial direction, so that the axial unlocking of the gas piston 3 on the rotating shaft 4 is realized, and the miniaturization of the unlocking mechanism is realized.

According to the invention, the gas piston 3 and the shell 2 are circumferentially fixed through the anti-rotation pin 5 and axially fixed through the shear pin 6; meanwhile, a key-groove matching structure is adopted between the gas piston 3 and the rotating shaft 4, and the key and the groove can be respectively in an inserting state and a separating state along with the change of the axial position of the gas piston 3. In the initial state, the key insertion grooves are mutually matched to prevent the rotating shaft 4 from rotating in the circumferential direction, so that the initial circumferential locking of the rotating shaft 4 is realized; when the gas piston is unlocked in work, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by combustion of the initiating explosive charge 1 acts on the gas piston 3, axial acting force is applied to the gas piston 3, the gas piston 3 is pushed to shear the shear pin 6 and generate axial movement, keys and grooves between the gas piston 3 and the rotating shaft 4 are separated from each other after the gas piston moves axially, circumferential restraint on the rotating shaft 4 is removed, the circumferential unlocking function of the rotating shaft 4 is realized, and the rotating shaft 4 can rotate.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.