阅读说明：本技术 一种宽能谱范围的带电粒子谱仪 (Charged particle spectrometer with wide energy spectrum range ) 是由 滕建 邓志刚 贺书凯 张智猛 张博 洪伟 崔波 田超 单连强 周维民 谷渝秋 于 2019-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种宽能谱范围的带电粒子谱仪。所述带电粒子谱仪包括：准直器、磁场发生装置、电子探测器组件、绝缘盘、电场发生装置、离子探测器组件和瞄准激光组件。本发明中,通过激光加速产生的带电粒子穿过准直器,注入到磁场发生装置,然后电子偏转到磁场发生装置侧面的电子探测器上被记录；穿出磁场发生装置的离子注入到电场发生装置中,然后偏转到离子探测器上被记录。本发明电子只受到磁场作用,而离子在穿过磁场后再通过电场发生装置,从而将不同种类的离子分辨开来。此外本发明磁场发生装置的磁场分布具有一个上升沿,从而可以在满足高能端诊断需求的情况下,降低电子能量诊断阀值,可以实现相同空间立体角电子和离子的宽能谱范围诊断。(The invention discloses a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range. The charged particle spectrometer comprises: the device comprises a collimator, a magnetic field generating device, an electronic detector assembly, an insulating disc, an electric field generating device, an ion detector assembly and a sighting laser assembly. In the invention, charged particles generated by laser acceleration pass through a collimator and are injected into a magnetic field generating device, and then electrons are deflected to an electronic detector on the side surface of the magnetic field generating device to be recorded; the ions which pass out of the magnetic field generating device are injected into the electric field generating device and then deflected to the ion detector to be recorded. The electrons of the invention are only acted by the magnetic field, and the ions pass through the magnetic field and then pass through the electric field generating device, thereby distinguishing the ions of different types. In addition, the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generating device has a rising edge, so that the electronic energy diagnosis threshold value can be reduced under the condition of meeting the high-energy end diagnosis requirement, and the wide energy spectrum range diagnosis of electrons and ions in the same spatial solid angle can be realized.)

1. A charged particle spectrometer of a wide spectral range, comprising: the device comprises a collimator, a magnetic field generating device, an electronic detector assembly, an insulating disc, an electric field generating device, an ion detector assembly and a sighting laser assembly;

one end of the magnetic field generating device is connected with the collimator, and the other end of the magnetic field generating device is connected with the insulating disc; the side surface of the magnetic field generating device is connected with the electronic detector assembly; one end of the electric field generating device is connected with the insulating disc, and the other end of the electric field generating device is connected with the aiming laser assembly; the ion detector assembly is arranged on one side of the electric field generating device;

Charged particles generated by laser acceleration pass through the collimator and are injected into the magnetic field generating device; the charged particles comprise ions and electrons; the electron deflection is transferred to an electronic detector on the side surface of the magnetic field generating device to be recorded, so that the measurement of an electron energy spectrum is realized; and injecting the ions which penetrate out of the magnetic field generating device into the electric field generating device, and then deflecting the ions onto an ion detector to be recorded, so that the measurement of an ion energy spectrum is realized.

2. The broad spectral range charged particle spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generating means comprises: a magnetic field shielding iron case, a first magnet having a falling edge, and a second magnet having a rising edge; the magnetic field shielding iron shell comprises a collimator mounting part, a side part, a first square shielding iron and a second square shielding iron;

a circular through hole is formed in the collimator mounting part; the collimator is arranged in the circular through hole; the first square shielding iron, the second square shielding iron and the side parts are all positioned between the collimator mounting part and the insulating disc; one end of the first square shielding iron is connected with one end of the collimator mounting part, and the other end of the first square shielding iron is connected with the insulating disc; one end of the second square shielding iron is connected with the other end of the collimator mounting part, and the other end of the second square shielding iron is connected with the insulating disc; the first square shielding iron is opposite to the second square shielding iron; one end of the side part is connected with one side of the first square shielding iron, the other end of the side part is connected with one side of the second square shielding iron, and the side part is perpendicular to the first square shielding iron; the first magnet with the falling edge is positioned below the first square shielding iron; the second magnet with the rising edge is positioned above the second square shielding iron; and a gap is formed between the first magnet with the falling edge and the second magnet with the rising edge.

3. The broad spectral range charged particle spectrometer of claim 2, wherein the electron detector assembly comprises a clamp and an electron detector; one end of the clamp is connected with the other side of the first square shielding iron, and the other end of the clamp is connected with the other side of the second square shielding iron; the clamp is opposite to the side part; the electronic detector mounting surface of the clamp is perpendicular to the first square shielding iron; the electronic detector is mounted on an electronic detector mounting surface of the clamp.

4. The broad spectral range charged particle spectrometer of claim 3, wherein the electric field generating means comprises: the electrode plate, the electrode plate insulation assembly box and the metal shell; the electrode plate includes: an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate; the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate are two wedge-shaped metal plates which are parallel to each other; the electrode plate insulation assembling box comprises a wedge-shaped upper plate, a wedge-shaped lower plate and two side walls; the two side walls are respectively a first side wall and a second side wall;

One end of the metal shell is connected with the insulating disc, and the other end of the metal shell is connected with the aiming laser assembly; the electrode plate insulation assembling box is positioned in the metal shell; the wedge-shaped upper plate and the wedge-shaped lower plate of the electrode plate insulation assembly box are opposite; the first and second sidewalls are both located between the wedge-shaped upper plate and the wedge-shaped lower plate; the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall; the wedge-shaped upper plate, the first side wall, the wedge-shaped lower plate and the second side wall are sequentially connected to enclose the electrode plate insulation assembling box; both ends of the electrode plate insulation assembling box are provided with openings; the first opening end of the electrode plate insulation assembling box is connected with the insulation disc; the upper electrode plate is arranged below the wedge-shaped upper plate; the lower electrode plate is mounted above the wedge-shaped lower plate.

5. The broad energy spectrum range charged particle spectrometer of claim 4 wherein the second sidewall of the electrode plate insulator mounting cartridge is provided with a wire hole; and the power wire of the electrode plate is connected with the electrode plate through the wiring hole and the twist needle.

6. The broad spectral range charged particle spectrometer of claim 5, wherein the ion detector assembly comprises: the ion detector mounting rack and the ion detector are arranged on the base; the ion detector comprises a low-energy ion detector and a high-energy ion detector; the ion detector mounting rack comprises a low-energy ion detector mounting part, a high-energy ion detector mounting part and a connecting part;

one end of the connecting part is connected with the low-energy ion detector mounting part, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the high-energy ion detector mounting part; the low-energy ion detector mounting part is in a trapezoidal shape; the low-energy ion detector is arranged on the inclined plane of the low-energy ion detector mounting part; the high-energy ion detector mounting part is cuboid; the high-energy ion detector is arranged on a high-energy ion detector mounting surface of the high-energy ion detector mounting part; and the second opening end of the electrode plate insulation assembling box is opposite to the mounting surface of the high-energy ion detector.

7. The broad spectral range charged particle spectrometer of claim 6, wherein the wedge-shaped profile of the wedge-shaped metal plate consists of four square edges and one hypotenuse; the plane formed by the inclined edges of the two wedge-shaped metal plates is parallel to the inclined plane of the low-energy ion detector mounting part; the distance between the ion detector and the electrode plate is larger than 10 mm.

8. The wide energy spectral range charged particle spectrometer of claim 7, wherein the width of the slope is greater than the distance between two of the wedge-shaped metal plates; the width of the high-energy ion detector mounting surface is larger than the distance between the two wedge-shaped metal plates.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plasma physics and nuclear detection, in particular to a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range.

Background

at present, in the physical research of intense field laser plasma and the inertial confinement fusion research, the kind and energy spectrum of charged particles generated by the interaction of laser and a target are key parameters of the physical process of a relational experiment. In experiments, electrons are typically diagnosed using an electron spectrometer and ions are diagnosed using a thomson spectrometer. However, in physical studies, ion acceleration is electron dependent, and thus particle studies are more helpful if electrons and ions of the same spatial solid angle can be diagnosed at the same time. Because the mass of electrons and ions is very different (the mass of electrons is 1/1836 of the mass of protons), it is difficult to realize electron and ion spectral diagnosis in the same energy band in a wide spectral range (1-100 MeV).

On one hand, a sufficiently strong magnetic field is required to achieve sufficient deflection of high-energy electrons and ions, and a dipolar magnetic field generally adopted by a conventional thomson spectrometer and an electron spectrometer is a uniform magnetic field. At this time, the cyclotron radius of the low-energy electrons is small, so that there is not enough lateral bias to inject into the electron detector. On the other hand, to achieve high resolution diagnosis of high energy ions, a sufficiently small and long collimation hole is required. For low-energy electrons, the trajectory deviation caused by a little leakage flux may make the electrons unable to be injected into the spectrometer. Therefore, the existing conventional Thomson spectrometer or electron spectrometer has difficulty in realizing the spectral diagnosis of electrons and ions in the same energy band in a wide spectral range (1-100 MeV).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range, so as to realize electron and ion spectrum diagnosis of the same spatial solid angle in the wide energy spectrum range.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

A charged particle spectrometer of a wide spectral range, comprising: the device comprises a collimator, a magnetic field generating device, an electronic detector assembly, an insulating disc, an electric field generating device, an ion detector assembly and a sighting laser assembly;

One end of the magnetic field generating device is connected with the collimator, and the other end of the magnetic field generating device is connected with the insulating disc; the side surface of the magnetic field generating device is connected with the electronic detector assembly; one end of the electric field generating device is connected with the insulating disc, and the other end of the electric field generating device is connected with the aiming laser assembly; the ion detector assembly is arranged on one side of the electric field generating device;

Charged particles generated by laser acceleration pass through the collimator and are injected into the magnetic field generating device; the charged particles comprise ions and electrons; the electron deflection is transferred to an electronic detector on the side surface of the magnetic field generating device to be recorded, so that the measurement of an electron energy spectrum is realized; and injecting the ions which penetrate out of the magnetic field generating device into the electric field generating device, and then deflecting the ions onto an ion detector to be recorded, so that the measurement of an ion energy spectrum is realized.

Optionally, the magnetic field generating device includes: a magnetic field shielding iron case, a first magnet having a falling edge, and a second magnet having a rising edge; the magnetic field shielding iron shell comprises a collimator mounting part, a side part, a first square shielding iron and a second square shielding iron;

A circular through hole is formed in the collimator mounting part; the collimator is arranged in the circular through hole; the first square shielding iron, the second square shielding iron and the side parts are all positioned between the collimator mounting part and the insulating disc; one end of the first square shielding iron is connected with one end of the collimator mounting part, and the other end of the first square shielding iron is connected with the insulating disc; one end of the second square shielding iron is connected with the other end of the collimator mounting part, and the other end of the second square shielding iron is connected with the insulating disc; the first square shielding iron is opposite to the second square shielding iron; one end of the side part is connected with one side of the first square shielding iron, the other end of the side part is connected with one side of the second square shielding iron, and the side part is perpendicular to the first square shielding iron; the first magnet with the falling edge is positioned below the first square shielding iron; the second magnet with the rising edge is positioned above the second square shielding iron; and a gap is formed between the first magnet with the falling edge and the second magnet with the rising edge.

Optionally, the electronic detector assembly comprises a clamp and an electronic detector; one end of the clamp is connected with the other side of the first square shielding iron, and the other end of the clamp is connected with the other side of the second square shielding iron; the clamp is opposite to the side part; the electronic detector mounting surface of the clamp is perpendicular to the first square shielding iron; the electronic detector is mounted on an electronic detector mounting surface of the clamp.

Optionally, the electric field generating device includes: the electrode plate, the electrode plate insulation assembly box and the metal shell; the electrode plate comprises an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate; the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate are two wedge-shaped metal plates which are parallel to each other; the electrode plate insulation assembling box comprises a wedge-shaped upper plate, a wedge-shaped lower plate and two side walls; the two side walls are respectively a first side wall and a second side wall;

One end of the metal shell is connected with the insulating disc, and the other end of the metal shell is connected with the aiming laser assembly; the electrode plate insulation assembling box is positioned in the metal shell; the wedge-shaped upper plate and the wedge-shaped lower plate of the electrode plate insulation assembly box are opposite; the first and second sidewalls are both located between the wedge-shaped upper plate and the wedge-shaped lower plate; the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall; the wedge-shaped upper plate, the first side wall, the wedge-shaped lower plate and the second side wall are sequentially connected to enclose the electrode plate insulation assembling box; both ends of the electrode plate insulation assembling box are provided with openings; the first opening end of the electrode plate insulation assembling box is connected with the insulation disc; the upper electrode plate is arranged below the wedge-shaped upper plate; the lower electrode plate is mounted above the wedge-shaped lower plate.

Optionally, a wiring hole is formed in the second side wall of the electrode plate insulation assembly box; and the power wire of the electrode plate is connected with the electrode plate through the wiring hole and the twist needle.

optionally, the ion detector assembly comprises: the ion detector mounting rack and the ion detector are arranged on the base; the ion detector comprises a low-energy ion detector and a high-energy ion detector; the ion detector mounting rack comprises a low-energy ion detector mounting part, a high-energy ion detector mounting part and a connecting part;

one end of the connecting part is connected with the low-energy ion detector mounting part, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the high-energy ion detector mounting part; the low-energy ion detector mounting part is in a trapezoidal shape; the low-energy ion detector is arranged on the inclined plane of the low-energy ion detector mounting part; the high-energy ion detector mounting part is cuboid; the high-energy ion detector is arranged on a high-energy ion detector mounting surface of the high-energy ion detector mounting part; and the second opening end of the electrode plate insulation assembling box is opposite to the mounting surface of the high-energy ion detector.

optionally, the wedge-shaped profile of the wedge-shaped metal plate is composed of four right-angle sides and a bevel edge; the plane formed by the inclined edges of the two wedge-shaped metal plates is parallel to the inclined plane of the low-energy ion detector mounting part; the distance between the ion detector and the electrode plate is larger than 10 mm.

Optionally, the width of the inclined plane is greater than the distance between the two wedge-shaped metal plates; the width of the high-energy ion detector mounting surface is larger than the distance between the two wedge-shaped metal plates.

according to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:

In the invention, charged particles (including electrons and ions) generated by laser acceleration penetrate through a collimator and are injected into a magnetic field generating device, and then the electrons deflect to an electronic detector on the side surface of the magnetic field generating device to be recorded, so that the measurement of an electronic energy spectrum is realized; and injecting the ions which penetrate out of the magnetic field generating device into the electric field generating device, and then deflecting the ions onto the ion detector to be recorded, so that the measurement of the ion energy spectrum is realized. The electrons of the invention are only acted by the magnetic field of the magnetic field generating device, and the ions pass through the magnetic field generating device and then pass through the electric field generating device, thereby distinguishing different types of ions. The charged particle spectrometer provided by the invention can well realize simultaneous diagnosis of electrons and ions in the same spatial solid angle.

In addition, low-energy-band ions are injected into a low-energy ion detector positioned on the side surface of the electric field generating device; and injecting high-energy ions into a high-energy electron detector behind the electric field generating device. The low energy section ion only needs the electric field direction skew of shorter distance to prevent that low energy ion from beating on the plate electrode, increased low energy end diagnosis threshold value like this, make charged particle spectrometer have the bigger energy spectrum diagnosis dynamic range, can make plate electrode processing simpler moreover, reduce and increase the voltage risk. According to the invention, the magnetic field generating device with the rising edge is adopted, so that the electronic energy diagnosis threshold value can be reduced under the condition of meeting the high-energy end diagnosis requirement, and the track deviation caused by magnetic leakage when low-energy electrons pass through the collimating holes can be well relieved, so that the low-energy electrons are more accurately injected into the spectrometer. The distances between the electrode plate and the surrounding metal materials are both larger than 10mm, and the surface roughness problem of the metal electrode plate can be effectively solved by inserting the twist needles, so that the electrode plate can bear higher voltage, and the ion species resolution with higher energy is realized.

drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a first cross-sectional schematic view of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide spectral range according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second cross-sectional view of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide spectral range according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fixture for an electron detector assembly of a broad spectral range charged particle spectrometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wedge-shaped metal plate of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode plate insulation mounting box of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an ion detector mounting of an ion detector assembly of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide spectral range according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range, which is used for realizing simultaneous diagnosis of electrons and ions in the same spatial solid angle, increasing a low-energy-end diagnosis threshold value and enabling the charged particle spectrometer with the wide energy spectrum range to have a larger energy spectrum diagnosis dynamic range.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Fig. 1 is a first schematic cross-sectional view of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a collimator 1, a magnetic field generating device 2, an electronic detector assembly 3, an insulating disc 4, an electric field generating device, an ion detector assembly 9 and a sighting laser assembly 8.

one end of the magnetic field generating device 2 is connected with the collimator 1, and the other end of the magnetic field generating device 2 is connected with the insulating disc 4. The side surface of the magnetic field generating device 2 is connected with the electronic detector assembly 3. One end of the electric field generating device is connected with the insulating disc 4, and the other end of the electric field generating device is connected with the aiming laser component 8. The ion detector assembly 9 is mounted on one side of the electric field generating means.

Specifically, the magnetic field generating device 2 includes: the magnetic field shields the iron housing, the first magnet 204 having a falling edge, and the second magnet 205 having a rising edge. The magnetic field shielding iron housing includes a collimator mounting portion 201, a side portion 206, a first square shielding iron 202, and a second square shielding iron 203.

A circular through hole is formed in the collimator mounting part 201; the collimator mounting portion 201 is 40mm thick. The axis of the circular through hole is positioned on the central plane of the magnetic field and is parallel to the detection surface of the electronic detector. In the plane where the axis of the circular through hole is located, the plane parallel to the detection plane is 40mm away from the detection plane of the electronic detector. The collimator 1 is installed in the circular through hole. The collimator 1 is a cylinder, and the collimating through hole of the collimator 1 is located on the central shaft of the collimator 1. The first square shielding iron 202, the second square shielding iron 203, and the side portion 206 are located between the collimator mounting portion 201 and the insulating disk 4. As shown in fig. 2, one end of the first square shielding iron 202 is connected to one end of the collimator mounting portion 201, and the other end of the first square shielding iron 202 is connected to the insulating disk 4. One end of the second square shielding iron 203 is connected with the other end of the collimator mounting part 201, and the other end of the second square shielding iron 203 is connected with the insulating disc 4. The first square shielding iron 202 is parallel to and opposite to the second square shielding iron 203. As shown in fig. 1, one end of the side portion 206 is connected to one side of the first square shielding iron 202, the other end of the side portion 206 is connected to one side of the second square shielding iron 203, and the side portion 206 is perpendicular to the first square shielding iron 202. The first magnet 204 with a falling edge is located below the first square shield iron 202; the second magnet 205 with a rising edge is located above the second square shield iron 203. The first magnet 204 with the falling edge and the second magnet 205 with the rising edge have a gap therebetween. The insulating disk 4 is provided with a gap having a size corresponding to the gap between the first magnet 204 having the falling edge and the second magnet 205 having the rising edge. The minimum distance between the first magnet 204 with the falling edge and the second magnet 205 with the rising edge is 10 mm. The first magnet 204 with the falling edge and the second magnet 205 with the rising edge are both dipolar magnets having a maximum thickness of 12mm, a width of 100mm, and a total length of 160mm, wherein the length of the rising edge (falling edge) part is 80mm, and the length of the platform part is 80 mm.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a clamp of an electron detector assembly of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the electron detector assembly 3 includes a clamp and an electron detector. As shown in fig. 1, the side of the magnetic field generating device 2 is connected to the electronic detector assembly 3. Wherein one end of the clamp is connected to the other side of the first square shielding iron 202, and the other end of the clamp is connected to the other side of the second square shielding iron 203; the clamp is directly opposite the side 206. The electronic detector mounting face 301 of the fixture is perpendicular to the first square shielding iron 202. The electronic detector is mounted on the electronic detector mounting face 301 of the fixture.

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electric field generating apparatus includes: electrode plate 5, electrode plate insulating assembly box 6 and metal shell 7. The electrode plate 5 includes: an upper electrode plate 501 and a lower electrode plate 502. The upper electrode plate 501 and the lower electrode plate 502 are two parallel wedge-shaped metal plates. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wedge-shaped metal plate of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the wedge-shaped profile of the wedge-shaped metal sheet consists of four cathetuses and one hypotenuse. And each corner of the wedge-shaped metal plate is a round angle. The length of the longest right-angle side of the wedge-shaped metal plate is 250mm, and the length of the side opposite to the longest right-angle side of the wedge-shaped metal plate is 50 mm. The distance between the central plane of the magnetic field generating device 2 and the central plane of the electrode plate 5 is 5-7 mm.

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode plate insulation assembly box of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide energy spectrum range according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the electrode plate insulation assembly box 6 includes a wedge-shaped upper plate 601, a wedge-shaped lower plate 602, and two sidewalls; the two sidewalls are a first sidewall 603 and a second sidewall 604, respectively. The wedge-shaped upper plate 601 of the electrode plate insulation assembly box is opposite to the wedge-shaped lower plate 602; the first side wall 603 and the second side wall 604 are both located between the wedge-shaped upper plate 601 and the wedge-shaped lower plate 602. The first sidewall 603 is opposite to the second sidewall 604. The wedge-shaped upper plate 601, the first side wall 603, the wedge-shaped lower plate 602 and the second side wall 604 are sequentially connected to enclose the electrode plate insulation assembly box 6. Both ends of the electrode plate insulation assembling box 6 are provided with openings; as shown in fig. 1, a first open end of the electrode plate insulation assembly box 6 is connected to the insulation disc 4, and a second open end of the electrode plate insulation assembly box 6 is opposite to the high-energy ion detector 902. As shown in fig. 2, the upper electrode plate 501 is mounted below the wedge-shaped upper plate 601; the lower electrode plate 502 is mounted above the wedge-shaped lower plate 602. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the second side wall 604 of the electrode plate insulation assembling box 6 is provided with a wiring hole 605; the power line of the electrode plate 5 is connected with the electrode plate 5 through the wiring hole 605 and the twist needle.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one end of the metal shell 7 is connected to the insulating disk 4, and the other end of the metal shell is connected to the aiming laser assembly 8. The targeting laser assembly 8 includes: the laser device comprises a light emitting hole, an aiming hole and a laser device connected with the light emitting hole, wherein the laser device is arranged in the aiming hole. The laser deviates from the magnetic field central plane of the magnetic field generating device by 5-7mm in the direction of the electric field generating device and is superposed with the collimation through hole of the collimator 1 in the direction vertical to the electric field. The electrode plate insulation assembly box 6 is positioned in a metal shell 7.

as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the ion detector assembly 9 includes: ion detector mounting bracket and ion detector. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ion detector includes a low-energy ion detector 901 and a high-energy ion detector 902. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an ion detector mounting of an ion detector assembly of a charged particle spectrometer with a wide spectral range according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the ion detector mounting block includes a low energy ion detector mounting portion 904, a high energy ion detector mounting portion 903, and a connecting portion 905. One end of the connecting part 905 is connected with the low-energy ion detector mounting part 904, and the other end of the connecting part 905 is connected with the high-energy ion detector mounting part 903. The low energy ion detector mounting portion 904 is trapezoidal. The low energy ion detector 901 is mounted on the inclined surface 906 of the low energy ion detector mounting portion 904. The high-energy ion detector mounting part 903 is rectangular; the high-energy ion detector 902 is mounted on the high-energy ion detector mounting surface 907 of the high-energy ion detector mounting portion 903.

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second open end of the electrode plate insulation assembly box 6 is opposite to the high-energy ion detector mounting face 907. The plane formed by the inclined edges of the two wedge-shaped metal plates is parallel to the inclined plane 906 of the low-energy ion detector mounting part 904, and the width of the inclined plane 906 is larger than the distance between the two wedge-shaped metal plates; the width of the mounting surface 907 of the high-energy ion detector is also larger than the distance between the two wedge-shaped metal plates, so that ions can be injected into the corresponding ion detector. The distance between the ion detector 9 and the electrode plate 5 is greater than 10 mm.

The working principle of the charged particle spectrometer is as follows: charged particles (including electrons and ions) generated by laser acceleration pass through the collimator 1 and are injected into the magnetic field generating device 2. The magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generating device 2 has a rising edge, so that the electronic energy diagnosis threshold can be reduced under the condition of meeting the requirement of high-energy electronic diagnosis. An electronic detector 3 is arranged on the side surface of the magnetic field generating device 2 and used for measuring an electronic energy spectrum, and an insulating disc 4 is arranged behind the magnetic field generating device 2. The insulating disk 4 serves to separate the magnetic field part from the electric field part. And an aiming laser component 8 is arranged behind the electric field generating device and is used for aiming the target point by the spectrometer. The electric field generating device is provided with an ion detector assembly 9, the electric field generating device can be inserted into the electric field generating device from the side, and after the electric field generating device is inserted into the electric field generating device, a low-energy ion detector 901 is arranged on the side of the electric field generating device and used for measuring ions in a low-energy section; followed by a high energy ion detector 902 for measuring high energy range ions. With this arrangement, the following effects can be achieved, first: the electrons are only acted by the magnetic field of the magnetic field generating device, and the ions pass through the magnetic field generating device and then pass through the electric field generating device, so that different types of ions can be distinguished, and the simultaneous diagnosis of the electrons and the ions in the same spatial solid angle can be well realized. Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the electrode plate can be processed more simply, and the risk of increasing voltage is reduced. And thirdly, the low-energy-band ions only need to shift in the direction of the electric field in a short distance, so that the low-energy-band ions are prevented from hitting an electrode plate, the low-energy-band diagnosis threshold is increased, and the charged particle spectrometer has a larger energy spectrum diagnosis dynamic range. According to the invention, the magnetic field generating device with the rising edge is adopted, the electronic energy diagnosis threshold value can be reduced under the condition of meeting the high-energy end diagnosis requirement, the track deviation caused by magnetic leakage when low-energy electrons pass through the collimating holes can be well relieved, so that the low-energy electrons are more accurately injected into the spectrometer, the diagnosis of a sufficiently wide energy spectrum can be realized by further adopting the design scheme of electricity, magnetic field separation and a wedge-shaped electrode plate, and meanwhile, ions can be more vertically incident on the ion detector by adopting a mode of separately recording a low-energy section and a high-energy section, so that the crosstalk of signal recording during oblique incidence is reduced, and the energy spectrum diagnosis precision is improved. The charged particle spectrum diagnosis range is 1-100MeV, and the energy spectrum resolution is better than 5% near the energy of 100 MeV.

the embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.