阅读说明：本技术 一种双面组件跟踪角度智能优化方法及智能跟踪系统 (Intelligent optimization method and intelligent tracking system for tracking angle of double-sided assembly ) 是由 孙凯 赵明 全鹏 吴军 于 2019-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双面组件跟踪角度智能优化方法及智能跟踪系统,根据晴天指数η确定天气模式,若为阴天模式时,光伏组件的跟踪角度A＝0°+优化转动角度α；若为多云模式时,光伏组件的跟踪角度A＝传统天文角度A<Sub>c</Sub>+优化转动角度α；若为晴天模式时,光伏组件的跟踪角度A＝传统天文角度A<Sub>c</Sub>+优化转动角度α。本发明针对只考虑正面辐照的传统天文跟踪算法,考虑双面光伏组件正反两面发电的特性,建立双面组件接收到的总辐照模型,根据不同的安装条件和气象条件,计算理论跟踪最佳角度,提高双面组件的发电量。(The invention discloses an intelligent optimization method and an intelligent tracking system for tracking angles of double-sided components, wherein a weather mode is determined according to a clear weather index eta, and if the weather mode is a cloudy mode, the tracking angle A of a photovoltaic component is equal to 0 degrees plus an optimized rotation angle alpha; if the photovoltaic module is in a multi-cloud mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A c + optimizing the rotation angle alpha; if the mode is a clear day mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A c + the optimum rotation angle α. The method aims at the traditional astronomical tracking algorithm only considering front irradiation, considers the characteristics of power generation of the front side and the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic module, establishes a total irradiation model received by the double-sided module, calculates a theoretical tracking optimal angle according to different installation conditions and meteorological conditions, and improves the power generation capacity of the double-sided module.)

1. An intelligent optimization method for tracking angles of double-sided components is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1, determining a weather mode according to the clear weather index eta, wherein eta which is larger than or equal to a and smaller than b is a cloudy mode; b is more than or equal to eta and less than c is a cloudy mode; eta is a sunny mode when c is less than or equal to 1, eta is obtained by calculation according to the formula (1),

eta is horizontal direct irradiation dose/horizontal total irradiation dose, 0 is more than or equal to eta which is less than 1 (1);

S2: if the photovoltaic module is in a cloudy-day mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to 0 degrees + the optimized rotation angle alpha;

If the photovoltaic module is in a multi-cloud mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A_c+ optimizing the rotation angle alpha;

if the mode is a clear day mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A_c+ the optimum rotation angle α.

2. the intelligent double-sided component optimization method according to claim 1, wherein a is 0, b is 0.1(b is modified from previous 0.2 to 0.1), and c is 0.65.

3. the intelligent double-sided assembly optimization method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in the cloudy-day mode, the optimized rotation angle α is 0 if the surface reflectance is less than 0.7, and is 2 ° to 10 ° if the surface reflectance is greater than 0.7.

4. The intelligent optimization method of double-sided components as claimed in claim 1 or 2,The method is characterized in that in a cloudy mode, when eta is more than 0.55 and less than 0.65, the optimized rotation angle alpha is between +2 degrees and +10 degrees; when eta is more than 0.45 and less than or equal to 0.55, the optimized rotation angle alpha is 0 degrees, namely the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A_c(ii) a When eta is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.45, the optimized rotation angle alpha is-2 degrees to-10 degrees, namely the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the traditional astronomical angle A_c。

5. The intelligent double-sided assembly optimization method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in a sunny mode, when η is more than or equal to 0.65 and less than 1, the optimized rotation angle α is 2-10 °.

6. The intelligent double-sided assembly optimization method of claim 1, wherein small-angle rotation from-5 ° to +5 ° is performed near an optimized angle obtained by a theoretical irradiation model of the double-sided assembly, and simultaneously, real-time power of an inverter is read, and the normalized power is compared with power generation power at the previous angle to obtain the optimal rotation angle with the maximum power generation power.

7. an intelligent tracking system for a two-sided assembly, comprising:

The flat single-shaft tracking support is used for supporting the double-sided photovoltaic array and driving the double-sided photovoltaic array to rotate;

the tracking support control unit receives the control signal sent by the central control unit and controls the rotation angle of the flat single-shaft tracking support according to the control signal;

The weather station is used for acquiring weather data information;

The central control unit is used for acquiring meteorological data information of a meteorological station, data information of the inverter and data information of the photovoltaic module array, calculating to obtain a tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module, and sending a control signal to the tracking support control unit according to the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module obtained through calculation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and particularly relates to an intelligent optimization method and an intelligent tracking system for tracking angles of double-sided components.

Background

with the trend of global energy, photovoltaic power generation is rapidly developed in recent years as a sustainable energy alternative, and by the end of 2017, a global cumulative photovoltaic installation reaches 402.5 GW. The advanced technology of the photovoltaic module is developed rapidly, wherein the double-sided photovoltaic module is widely concerned and researched by the high efficiency of power generation of both the front side and the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic module, and how to utilize the double-sided photovoltaic module technology to improve the power generation benefit is one of the important research points of future photovoltaic power generation. Meanwhile, the loading amount of the tracking bracket is also rapidly increased at a rate of 20% per year, wherein the flat single shaft is widely used due to the characteristics of simple and practical structure and obvious power generation gain. Therefore, the intelligent optimal photovoltaic system with the double-sided assembly and the flat single-axis tracking has practical research significance and wide application prospect.

Different from a conventional single-sided photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic double-sided module is a solar module capable of realizing front-side and back-side power generation, and the back side of the photovoltaic double-sided module can generate power by utilizing reflected light of an installation site and scattered light of the surrounding environment. The radiation model of its positive and negative needs to be calculated to two-sided photovoltaic module, compares with conventional photovoltaic module's radiation model, still need consider the influence of the installation height of subassembly and environmental factor, and main influence factor has: surface reflectivity, installation height, rotation angle, assembly interval, latitude, direct radiation and scattering proportion and the like. However, the conventional flat single-axis tracking system only considers the front irradiation of the photovoltaic modules, for example, a photovoltaic generator solar track tracking method and a system are disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN103116363A, the theoretical basis of the traditional sun tracking is considered, meanwhile, an anti-tracking track method for avoiding shadow shielding generated between adjacent photovoltaic modules is provided, and for example, a photovoltaic sun tracking support is disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN205647383U, the photovoltaic sun tracking support with the functions of real-time monitoring, high-efficiency operation, automatic adjustment and the like is provided, the operation is also performed with the function of meteorological collection, and the operation is stopped under the conditions of no irradiation or severe weather and the like. However, the technologies in the above patent documents are not based on a single-sided photovoltaic module, do not consider back side irradiation, and do not consider the generated energy feedback signal of the inverter, and are not suitable for a double-sided module leveling single-axis tracking system.

Disclosure of Invention

in order to solve the problems, the invention provides an intelligent optimization method for tracking angles of double-sided components, which is used for seeking the optimal motion trail of a photovoltaic component and increasing the generation benefit to the maximum extent.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an intelligent optimization method for tracking angles of double-sided components comprises the following steps:

s1, determining a weather mode according to the clear weather index eta, wherein eta which is larger than or equal to a and smaller than b is a cloudy mode; b is more than or equal to eta and less than c is a cloudy mode; eta is a sunny mode when c is less than or equal to 1, eta is obtained by calculation according to the formula (1),

Eta is horizontal direct irradiation dose/horizontal total irradiation dose, 0 is more than or equal to eta which is less than 1 (1);

S2: if the photovoltaic module is in a cloudy-day mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to 0 degrees + the optimized rotation angle alpha;

if the photovoltaic module is in a multi-cloud mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A_c+ optimizing the rotation angle alpha;

If the mode is a clear day mode, the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A_c+ the optimum rotation angle α.

Generally, horizontal direct irradiation and total irradiation can be measured by an irradiation instrument, a general photovoltaic power station is provided with a meteorological station, the meteorological station comprises a total irradiation measuring instrument and a scattered irradiation measuring instrument, and direct irradiation dosage is total irradiation dosage-scattered irradiation dosage

Preferably, a is 0, b is 0.1, and c is 0.65. The abc values of different regions are different, and for example, the Changzhou region can be taken as an example in the present invention.

The optimized rotation angle alpha is influenced by various factors such as the surface reflectivity and the like. Preferably, in the cloudy-day mode, the optimum rotation angle α is 0 if the surface reflectance is less than 0.7, and is 2 ° to 10 ° if the surface reflectance is greater than 0.7.

Preferably, in the cloudy mode, when eta is more than 0.55 and less than 0.65, the optimized rotation angle alpha is between +2 degrees and +10 degrees; when eta is more than 0.45 and less than or equal to 0.55, the optimized rotation angle alpha is 0 degrees, namely the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is equal to the traditional astronomical angle A_c(ii) a When eta is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.45, the optimized rotation angle alpha is-2 degrees to-10 degrees, namely the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the traditional astronomical angle A_c。

preferably, in a sunny day mode, when eta is more than or equal to 0.65 and less than 1, the optimized rotation angle alpha is 2-10 degrees. The optimized rotation angle α can be obtained from a double-sided module irradiation model (see patent application with publication number CN 109116872A), in the present invention α is determined by multiple factors, such as different locations, different times, and different installation distances, and the optimized rotation angle α can be +2 °, +4 °, + 6 °, or-2 °, -4 °, -6 °.

preferably, small-angle rotation of-5 degrees to +5 degrees is carried out near an optimized angle obtained by a double-sided assembly theoretical irradiation model, the real-time power of the inverter is read at the same time, and the normalized power is compared with the power generation power at the previous angle to obtain the optimal rotation angle with the maximum power generation power. The normalization in the invention refers to irradiation normalization, and the default power is in direct proportion to irradiation, for example, when the irradiation is performed at the last angle of 800W/square meter, the power is 200W, and the irradiation is performed at the current angle of 820W/square meter, the power is 210W, and the power value of the current angle is reduced to the same condition as the irradiation at the last angle, namely 210 × 800/820-205W.

The invention also provides an intelligent tracking system of the double-sided component, which comprises:

the flat single-shaft tracking support is used for supporting the double-sided photovoltaic array and driving the double-sided photovoltaic array to rotate;

The tracking support control unit receives the control signal sent by the central control unit and controls the rotation angle of the flat single-shaft tracking support according to the control signal;

The weather station is used for acquiring weather data information;

The central control unit is used for acquiring meteorological data information of a meteorological station, data information of the inverter and data information of the photovoltaic module array, calculating to obtain a tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module, and sending a control signal to the tracking support control unit according to the tracking angle A of the photovoltaic module obtained through calculation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The method aims at the traditional astronomical tracking algorithm only considering front irradiation, considers the characteristics of power generation of the front side and the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic module, establishes a total irradiation model received by the double-sided module, calculates a theoretical tracking optimal angle according to different installation conditions and meteorological conditions, and improves the power generation capacity of the double-sided module.

(2) According to the invention, the position of the optimal power generation is searched near the theoretical optimal inclination angle calculated by the double-sided assembly irradiation model by combining inverter feedback power data, the power generation of the double-sided assembly is improved to the maximum extent, data are recorded at the same time, and the rotation track under specific installation conditions and meteorological conditions is finally judged through big data analysis and an intelligent learning algorithm.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent tracking system of a double-sided assembly in the invention.

Fig. 2 is a functional schematic diagram of a central control unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of information input of the central control unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the classification of the sunny index in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optimized tracking angle in the cloudy-day mode in the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optimized tracking angle in a cloudy mode according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram of an optimized tracking angle in a cloudy mode according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optimized tracking angle in a sunny day mode in the invention.

Fig. 9 is a correction of an optimized tracking angle based on power generation feedback in a sunny day mode according to the present invention.

Detailed Description