阅读说明：本技术 地铁暗挖区间下穿既有过街通道开挖支护加固方法 (Excavation support reinforcing method for underground excavation section of subway to penetrate existing street crossing channel ) 是由 魏永亮 帅建兵 叶东昊 曾伟 *** 杨尚震 张佳男 刘畅 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种地铁暗挖区间下穿既有过街通道开挖支护加固方法,包括步骤：S1)待地铁隧道挖掘至距离下穿既有过街通道区间预定距离时,以预定开挖轮廓线扩挖地铁隧道预定距离以形成管棚工作段；S2)沿着管棚工作段的掌子面架设两榀拱形工字钢,在两榀工字钢与管棚工作段的拱顶之间,沿着两榀工字钢的拱形方向以预定间隔并与隧道挖掘方向呈预定角度布设多根导向管,沿着管棚工作段的拱顶浇筑预定厚度的弧形导向墙,使得工字钢和导向管被埋设在弧形导向墙内；S3)通过弧形导向墙上的每个导向管进行钻孔操作并埋设预定长度的管棚钢管；S4)对埋设完成的管棚钢管分别进行注浆操作以形成长管棚支护。(The invention provides a method for reinforcing a subway underground excavation region by penetrating an existing street crossing channel downwards to excavate a support, which comprises the following steps: s1) when the subway tunnel is excavated to a preset distance below the existing crossing channel interval, expanding the subway tunnel by the preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section; s2) erecting two H-shaped steel beams along the working face of the pipe shed, arranging a plurality of guide pipes between the two H-shaped steel beams and the vault of the working section of the pipe shed at preset intervals along the arch direction of the two H-shaped steel beams and at preset angles with the tunnel excavation direction, and pouring an arc-shaped guide wall with preset thickness along the vault of the working section of the pipe shed so that the H-shaped steel beams and the guide pipes are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall; s3) drilling through each guide pipe on the arc guide wall and embedding a pipe shed steel pipe with a preset length; and S4) grouting the buried pipe shed steel pipes respectively to form long pipe shed supports.)

1. A method for reinforcing a subway underground excavation interval by penetrating an existing street-crossing channel to excavate and support is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1) when the subway tunnel is excavated to a preset distance which passes through the existing street crossing channel section (1) at a preset distance, expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section (2);

S2), erecting two trusses of arched I-beams (3) along the face surface of the pipe shed working section (2), laying a plurality of guide pipes (4) between the two trusses of I-beams (3) and the vault of the pipe shed working section (2) at preset intervals along the arch direction of the two trusses of I-beams (3) and at preset angles with the tunnel excavation direction, and pouring an arc-shaped guide wall (5) with preset thickness along the vault of the pipe shed working section (2) so that the I-beams (3) and the guide pipes (4) are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall (5);

S3) drilling through each guide pipe (4) on the arc-shaped guide wall (5) and burying a pipe shed steel pipe (6) with a preset length;

and S4) grouting the buried pipe shed steel pipes (6) respectively to form long pipe shed supports.

2. The reinforcement method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1) of enlarging and excavating the subway tunnel for the predetermined distance with a predetermined excavation contour line to form the shed working section (2) comprises:

Expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance by adopting a reserved core soil step method according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section (2);

and adopting double rows of small advanced guide pipes to carry out advanced grouting reinforcement and support on the pipe shed working section (2).

3. The reinforcing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2), two beams of arched i-beams (3) are erected along a tunnel face of the pipe shed working section (2), and a plurality of guide pipes (4) are arranged between the two beams of i-beams (3) and the arch of the pipe shed working section (2) at predetermined intervals along the arch direction of the two beams of i-beams (3) and at a predetermined angle to the tunnel excavation direction, and the method comprises:

Positioning and laying the plurality of guide tubes (4) according to the design position by adopting a total station;

And welding and fixing the guide pipes (4) and the two adjacent I-shaped steels (3) and binding and reinforcing the I-shaped steels by using reinforcing steel bars.

4. The reinforcement method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2) of casting an arc-shaped guide wall (5) with a predetermined thickness along the arch of the pipe shed working section (2) so that the i-section steel (3) and the guide pipe (4) are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall (5) comprises:

and applying sprayed concrete in the gap between the two I-beams (3) and the guide pipes (4) along the vault of the pipe shed working section (2) so as to form an arc-shaped guide wall (5) with a preset thickness along the tunnel face of the pipe shed working section (2).

5. The reinforcement method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3) of drilling the holes through each of the guide pipes (4) of the arc-shaped guide wall (5) and burying the shed steel pipes (6) in a predetermined length includes:

And a guide drill bit penetrates through the guide pipe (4) to conduct guide drilling so as to install the pipe shed steel pipe (6), wherein the drill is utilized to drive the pipe shed steel pipe (6) to rotate and follow according to a preset angle until the pipe shed steel pipe (6) is arranged to reach the designed length.

6. The reinforcement method according to claim 5, wherein one end of the pipe shed steel pipe (6) is connected with the tail part of the guide drill bit by screw threads, the other end of the pipe shed steel pipe is provided with a screw head and is connected with a power head of a drilling machine, and the guide drill bit and the pipe shed steel pipe (6) can be driven by the drilling machine to drill in a rotating mode.

7. the reinforcement method according to claim 5, wherein the pilot bit is a wedge type bit, and a pilot probe is mounted at the tail of the pilot bit, and the pilot probe can detect the drilling direction of the pilot bit and correct the angle of the pilot bit through the wedge type bit.

8. The reinforcement method according to claim 1, wherein an orifice sealing device is installed at an end of the pipe shed steel pipe (6) extending out of the arc-shaped guide wall (5).

9. The reinforcement method according to claim 1, wherein the step S4) of grouting the embedded pipe shed steel pipes (6) to form a long pipe shed support comprises:

Continuously grouting cement grout manufactured according to the design proportion and pressing the cement grout into the pipe shed steel pipe (6);

And if the cement slurry in the pipe shed steel pipe (6) flows out through a drill bit of the drilling machine after being filled with the cement slurry, returns through the annular gap between the pipe shed steel pipe (6) and the hole wall and flows out from the hole drilling port, the grouting requirement is determined to be met, and the grouting operation is completed.

10. The reinforcement method according to claim 9, wherein the cement paste has a water cement ratio W: C of 0.8:1.0 and a grouting pressure of 1.0 to 2.0 Mpa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shallow-buried underground excavation tunnels, in particular to a method for reinforcing a subway underground excavation interval by excavating and supporting an existing underpass street-crossing channel.

Background

In the construction process of the subway tunnel, the condition that the existing street crossing channel needs to be penetrated is frequently encountered, the traditional supporting method is used, the number of circulation times is large, the construction time is long, the disturbance to surrounding rocks is frequent, and the potential safety hazard of construction exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for reinforcing a subway underground excavation region by passing through an existing street-crossing channel to excavate and support, which provides safety guarantee for the primary support operation of an excavator passing through the existing street-crossing channel region, accelerates the construction progress on the premise of safe construction, avoids frequent disturbance to surrounding rocks, and ensures the construction safety.

the invention provides a method for reinforcing a support of an underground excavated section of a subway by excavating and supporting an existing street crossing channel, which comprises the following steps: s1) when the subway tunnel is excavated to a preset distance below the existing street crossing channel interval, expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section; s2) erecting two H-shaped steel beams along the working face of the pipe shed, arranging a plurality of guide pipes between the two H-shaped steel beams and the vault of the working section of the pipe shed at preset intervals along the arch direction of the two H-shaped steel beams and at preset angles with the tunnel excavation direction, and pouring an arc-shaped guide wall with preset thickness along the vault of the working section of the pipe shed so that the H-shaped steel beams and the guide pipes are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall; s3) drilling through each guide pipe on the arc-shaped guide wall and burying a pipe shed steel pipe with a preset length; and S4) grouting the buried pipe shed steel pipes respectively to form long pipe shed supports.

preferably, the step S1) of enlarging and excavating the subway tunnel for the predetermined distance with a predetermined excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section includes: expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance by adopting a reserved core soil step method according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section; and adopting double rows of small advanced guide pipes to carry out advanced grouting reinforcement and support on the working section of the pipe shed.

preferably, in step S2), the step of erecting two h-beams along a tunnel face of the pipe shed working section, and arranging a plurality of guide pipes between the two h-beams and the arch of the pipe shed working section at predetermined intervals along the arch direction of the two h-beams and at predetermined angles to the tunnel excavation direction, includes: positioning and laying the plurality of guide tubes according to the design position by adopting a total station; and welding and fixing the guide pipes and the two adjacent I-shaped steels, and binding and reinforcing by using reinforcing steel bars.

Preferably, in step S2), casting an arc-shaped guide wall with a predetermined thickness along the vault of the pipe shed working section so that the i-steel and the guide pipe are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall, including: and applying spraying concrete in the gap between the two I-beams and the guide pipes along the vault of the working section of the pipe shed, so that an arc-shaped guide wall with a preset thickness is formed along the tunnel face of the working section of the pipe shed.

Preferably, the step S3) of drilling the hole through each guide pipe in the arc-shaped guide wall and burying the predetermined length of the pipe shed steel pipe includes: and a guide drill bit penetrates through the guide pipe to conduct guide drilling so as to install the pipe shed steel pipe, wherein the drill is utilized to drive the pipe shed steel pipe to rotate and follow according to a preset angle until the pipe shed steel pipe is arranged to reach the designed length.

Preferably, one end of the pipe shed steel pipe is connected with the tail of the guide drill bit through a screw thread, the other end of the pipe shed steel pipe is provided with a screw head and is connected with a power head of the drilling machine, and the guide drill bit and the pipe shed steel pipe can be driven by the drilling machine to drill in a rotating mode.

preferably, the pilot bit is a wedge-shaped bit, a pilot probe is installed at the tail of the pilot bit, and the pilot probe can detect the drilling direction of the pilot bit and correct the angle through the wedge-shaped bit.

preferably, an orifice sealing device is installed at one end of the pipe shed steel pipe extending out of the arc-shaped guide wall.

preferably, in step S4), the grouting operation is performed on the embedded steel pipes of the pipe shed to form a long pipe shed support, and the grouting operation includes: continuously grouting and pressing cement grout manufactured according to the design proportion into the steel pipe of the pipe shed; and if the cement slurry in the pipe shed steel pipe flows out through a drill bit of the drilling machine after being filled, the cement slurry returns through the annular gap between the pipe shed steel pipe and the hole wall and flows out from the hole opening, the grouting requirement is determined to be met, and the grouting operation is completed.

preferably, the cement slurry has a water-cement ratio W: C of 0.8:1.0 and a grouting pressure of 1.0-2.0 Mpa.

According to the method for reinforcing the excavation support of the underground excavation section of the subway through the existing street-crossing channel, the arc-shaped guide wall area of the working section of the pipe shed downwards penetrates through the area outside the contour line of the top of the to-be-excavated hole of the existing street-crossing channel section within a certain angle range, the steel pipes of the pipe shed are annularly and previously driven into the steel pipes of the pipe shed according to a certain distance, pressure grouting is carried out in the steel pipes of the pipe shed to form a long pipe shed support, safety guarantee is provided for the preliminary support operation of the excavator penetrating through the existing street-crossing channel section downwards, the construction progress is accelerated on the premise of safety construction, frequent disturbance to surrounding rocks is avoided, and the construction safety is guaranteed.

Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a subway tunnel in a method for reinforcing a support of an existing street crossing tunnel by undermining an area of the subway according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion I of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of steps of a method for reinforcing a support of an underground excavated section of a subway by penetrating through an existing street channel according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 under pass 2 pipe shed working sections in existing street crossing passageway interval

3-arch I-steel 4 guide pipe

5 arc guide wall 6 pipe shed steel pipe

Detailed Description

the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a method for reinforcing a subway underground excavation zone by excavating a support through an existing street-crossing channel, which comprises the following steps: s1) when the subway tunnel is excavated to a preset distance which passes through the existing street crossing channel section 1, expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section 2; s2) erecting two h-beams 3 along the face of the pipe shed working section 2, laying a plurality of guide pipes 4 between the two h-beams 3 and the vault of the pipe shed working section 2 at predetermined intervals along the arch direction of the two h-beams 3 and at predetermined angles to the tunnel excavation direction, and casting an arc-shaped guide wall 5 with a predetermined thickness along the vault of the pipe shed working section 2, so that the h-beams 3 and the guide pipes 4 are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall 5; s3) drilling through each guide pipe 4 on the arc guide wall 5 and burying a shed steel pipe 6 of a predetermined length; and S4) respectively carrying out grouting operation on the embedded pipe shed steel pipes 6 to form long pipe shed supports.

Pipe shed working section 2 arc guide wall 5 is regional (in figure 1, I part indicates the longitudinal section view of arc guide wall 5), to under pass the interval 1 of existing street passageway and wait to excavate in the certain angle within range outside the tunnel roof outline line, the hoop is squeezed into according to certain interval in advance pipe shed steel pipe 6, wherein preferred adoption length longer diameter great pipe shed steel pipe 6 and carry out pressure grouting in pipe shed steel pipe 6, form long pipe shed and strut, for under pass the interval 1 of existing street passageway excavator preliminary bracing operation of providing the safety guarantee, and under the prerequisite of safety construction, accelerated the progress of construction, avoid the frequent disturbance of country rock, guaranteed the safety of construction.

According to the technical scheme, the method for reinforcing the excavation support of the downward-passing existing street crossing channel comprises the following steps of S1) when the subway tunnel is excavated to a preset distance away from the downward-passing existing street crossing channel section 1, expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section 2; and an operation environment is provided for later-stage pipe shed construction, so that the requirements of pipe shed construction are met.

according to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the step S1) of enlarging and excavating the subway tunnel for the predetermined distance with the predetermined excavation contour line to form the pipe shed working section 2 includes: expanding and excavating the subway tunnel by the preset distance by adopting a reserved core soil step method according to a preset excavation contour line to form a pipe shed working section 2; the predetermined distance is 3-6 m.

And carrying out advanced grouting reinforcement and support on the pipe shed working section 2 by adopting double rows of advanced small guide pipes. For example, two rows of phi 42 advanced small guide pipes are adopted for advanced grouting reinforcement, the length of each advanced small guide pipe is 4m, the annular distance between every two adjacent advanced small guide pipes in each row is 0.4m, the longitudinal distance between every two adjacent rows is 1.0m, the first row is arranged at an angle of 10-15 degrees, and the second row is arranged at an angle of 20-30 degrees.

According to the technical scheme of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, step S2) is to erect two beams 3 along the working face of the pipe shed working section 2, to arrange a plurality of guide pipes 4 between the two beams 3 and the vault of the pipe shed working section 2 at preset intervals along the arch direction of the two beams 3 and at preset angles to the tunnel excavation direction, and to pour an arc-shaped guide wall 5 with preset thickness along the vault of the pipe shed working section 2, so that the beams 3 and the guide pipes 4 are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall 5; set up I-steel 3 has increased the bearing capacity of arc guide wall 5, the pipe shed construction in later stage is in arc guide wall 5's within range goes on, arc guide wall 5 and many stand pipes 4 have played the effect of direction. Wherein, the 'pin' is widely applied to the civil engineering and tunnel construction field as a general quantifier; in tunnel construction, "roof truss" is used to represent the number of steel supports in tunnel construction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2), it is preferable that two h-beams 3 are erected along a tunnel face of the pipe shed working section 2, and a plurality of guide pipes 4 are arranged between the two h-beams 3 and the arch of the pipe shed working section 2 at predetermined intervals along the arch direction of the two h-beams 3 and at a predetermined angle to the tunnel excavation direction, including: positioning and laying the plurality of guide tubes 4 according to the design position by using a total station; and welding and fixing the guide pipes 4 and the two adjacent I-shaped steel beams 3, and binding and reinforcing by using reinforcing steel bars. So as to ensure that the angles of the guide pipes 4 meet the design requirements and are firmly fixed to avoid displacement.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the step S2), casting an arc-shaped guide wall 5 with a predetermined thickness along the vault of the pipe shed working section 2, so that the i-beam 3 and the guide pipe 4 are buried in the arc-shaped guide wall 5, includes: and applying spraying concrete in the gap between the two I-beams 3 and the guide pipes 4 along the vault of the pipe shed working section 2, so that an arc-shaped guide wall 5 with a preset thickness is formed along the tunnel face of the pipe shed working section 2. The predetermined thickness is 1 m.

according to the technical scheme of the invention, step S3) is carried out drilling operation through each guide pipe 4 on the arc-shaped guide wall 5 and a pipe shed steel pipe 6 with a preset length is buried; the drilling and burying of the pipe shed steel pipe 6 can be completed at one time, so that frequent disturbance to surrounding rocks is reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated.

Generally, connecting screw threads are processed at the connecting ends of the two pipe shed steel pipes 6, the two pipe shed steel pipes 6 are lengthened through screw thread connection to form the pipe shed steel pipes 6 with the preset length of 4-6 m, and the diameter phi 127 can be selected to increase the bearing capacity of the support and enhance the support effect.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the step S3) of drilling the hole through each guide pipe 4 of the arc-shaped guide wall 5 and burying the shed steel pipe 6 with a predetermined length includes: the method is called a pipe following drilling method, wherein the pipe shed steel pipe 6 and the drilling machine are advanced in the same process, the water circulation drilling method is adopted for construction in general geology, and if a sand layer is met, a bentonite breast wall drilling method is adopted for construction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, one end of the pipe shed steel pipe 6 is connected to the tail of the pilot bit by a screw thread, and the other end is provided with a screw head and connected to a power head of a drilling machine, and the pilot bit and the pipe shed steel pipe 6 can be driven by the drilling machine to drill in a rotating manner.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pilot bit is a wedge-type bit, and a pilot probe is installed at a tail of the pilot bit, and the pilot probe can detect a drilling direction of the pilot bit and correct an angle by using the wedge-type bit. The rotary radius of a wedge plate of the wedge-shaped drill bit is slightly larger than the radius of a drill pipe, a water hole with the diameter of 12-15 mm is formed in the front end of the drill bit, and the pipe shed steel pipe 6 moves forwards along a straight line when the drill bit normally rotates to drill; when the drill deviates from the preset track and deviates to a certain direction due to some reason, the deviation condition is detected through the guide probe, the wedge surface of the drill is adjusted according to the deviation angle, and the drilling machine stops the rotation force application jacking, so that the drilling direction is adjusted. The guide probe is connected to a display screen on the operating platform of the drilling machine through a wire, so that an operator can visually observe the drilling condition of the drill bit, find the deviation condition in time and correct the deviation, drilling and embedding the pipe shed steel pipe 6 are completed at one time, disturbance to surrounding rocks is reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated.

The inclination angle of the pipe shed steel pipe 6 is determined according to the gradient of the tunnel, and the deviation of the pipe forming angle needs to be controlled within 0-0.5 degrees.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, an orifice sealing device is installed at one end of the pipe shed steel pipe 6 extending out of the arc-shaped guide wall 5; the orifice sealing device is a sealing flange, the sealing flange is connected with the grouting pipe, the sealing flange can be controlled to be in an opening or closing state according to actual construction conditions, grouting operation is flexibly controlled, the sealing flange is closed to cut off and maintain pressure after grouting is finished, operation is easy to control, and the sealing and pressure maintaining effect is good.

According to the technical scheme of the invention, the method comprises the following steps: and S4) respectively carrying out grouting operation on the embedded pipe shed steel pipes 6 to form long pipe shed supports. Grouting the buried pipe shed steel pipes 6 respectively, and forming a common consolidation ring by the pipe shed steel pipes 6 and the surrounding rock after the grouting liquid is consolidated, so that a beam structure and an arch structure with higher rigidity are formed in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the tunnel respectively, the bearing capacity and the self-stability capacity of the surrounding rock can be effectively improved, and the deformation of the surrounding rock is reduced; after the section 1 of the existing crossing channel is penetrated downwards and excavated, the long pipe shed support and the tunnel support steel frame jointly form a support structure with higher rigidity so as to resist the surrounding rock pressure and deformation generated after the tunnel is excavated.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4), preferably, the grouting operation is performed on the embedded pipe roof steel pipes 6 to form a long pipe roof support, and the grouting operation includes: continuously grouting cement grout manufactured according to the design proportion into the pipe shed steel pipe 6; and if the cement slurry in the pipe shed steel pipe 6 flows out through a drill bit of the drilling machine after being filled with the cement slurry, returns through the annular gap between the pipe shed steel pipe 6 and the hole wall and flows out from the hole drilling port, determining that the grouting requirement is met, and completing grouting operation. And cement paste flows out from the drilling hole, and the cement paste is proved to be filled in the pipe shed steel pipe 6 and between the pipe shed steel pipe 6 and the annular gap of the hole wall, so that the formed grouting strength meets the design requirement.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cement slurry preferably has a water cement ratio W: C of 0.8:1.0 and a grouting pressure of 1.0 to 2.0 Mpa. The single-liquid slurry is adopted, has the characteristics of good irrigation, slow precipitation and water separation and good permeability, has good affinity with a common soil layer, and is easy to form an integrally stressed structural system with a surrounding soil layer and the pipe shed steel pipe 6 so as to ensure that a long pipe shed support meeting the design requirement is formed.

The invention aims to provide a method for reinforcing a subway underground excavation section by passing through an existing street-crossing channel to excavate a support, wherein in the area of an arc-shaped guide wall 5 of a pipe shed working section 2, a pipe shed steel pipe 6 is annularly and ahead driven in a certain angle range outside the outline of the top of a to-be-excavated hole of the underground excavation section 1 at a certain interval, pressure grouting is carried out in the pipe shed steel pipe 6 to form a long pipe shed support, so that safety guarantee is provided for the initial support operation of an excavator passing through the existing street-crossing channel section 1, the construction progress is accelerated on the premise of safety construction, frequent disturbance on surrounding rocks is avoided, and the construction safety is guaranteed.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not describe every possible combination.

In addition, any combination of various different implementation manners of the embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the embodiments of the present invention should be considered as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as long as the combination does not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.