阅读说明：本技术 一种工厂化珍珠养殖设备及养殖方法 (Factory pearl culture equipment and culture method ) 是由 杨品红 于 2018-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种工厂化珍珠养殖设备及养殖方法,所述养殖设备包括养殖池(1),该养殖池(1)具备进水口和出水口；所述养殖池(1)内设有多个养殖槽(6),每个养殖槽(6)内设有多个子养殖区,所述养殖槽(6)的槽壁上固定有将珍珠蚌约束在对应子养殖区内的绳(8)。该养殖设备设计更为合理、养殖效益更高。(an industrial pearl culture device and a culture method, wherein the culture device comprises a culture pond (1), and the culture pond (1) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the pearl mussel cultivation device is characterized in that a plurality of cultivation grooves (6) are formed in the cultivation pond (1), a plurality of sub-cultivation areas are formed in each cultivation groove (6), and ropes (8) for restraining pearl mussels in the corresponding sub-cultivation areas are fixed on the wall of each cultivation groove (6). The culture equipment has more reasonable design and higher culture benefit.)

1. an industrial pearl culture device comprises a culture pond (1), wherein the culture pond (1) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the pearl mussel cultivation pond is characterized in that a plurality of cultivation grooves (6) are formed in the cultivation pond (1), a plurality of sub-cultivation areas are formed in each cultivation groove (6), and ropes (8) for restraining pearl mussels in the corresponding sub-cultivation areas are fixed on the wall of each cultivation groove (6).

2. Factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 1, wherein the culture pond (1) has at least two layers, the water outlet of the upper layer doubles as the water inlet of the lower layer.

3. Factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 2, wherein the culture ponds of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, the culture pond (1) of the next layer can extend out relative to the culture pond of the previous layer to empty the culture pond (1) of the next layer.

4. Factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 2, wherein each layer of culture pond except the lowest layer has a set of legs (12).

5. the factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 2, wherein the two adjacent layers of culture ponds are connected through a pulley and a slide rail to form a drawer type structure.

6. Factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of culture grooves (6) in each culture pond (1) are divided into at least two layers, and the culture grooves of two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.

7. factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of culture tanks (6) in each culture pond (1) are arranged side by side.

8. The factory pearl culture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a water inlet pipe (2) is arranged on a water inlet in each culture pond (1), a distribution pipe (4) is arranged on the water inlet pipe (2), a plurality of branch pipes (5) are arranged on the distribution pipe (4), and each branch pipe (5) is correspondingly arranged on a water inlet end of the culture tank (6).

9. Factory pearl culture equipment according to claim 6, wherein a circulation pump is connected between the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3) mounted on the water outlet.

10. factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the culture tank (6) is arranged obliquely and the water inlet end of the culture tank (6) is higher than the water outlet end.

11. factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein one end of the rope (8) is fixed on the wall of the culture tank (6) and the other end is fixed on the clam shell of the pearl mussel.

12. Factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the walls of the culture tank (6) are provided with a plurality of holes (11), and the holes (11) communicate the culture tank (6) with the culture pond (1).

13. the factory-like pearl culture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wall surface of the culture pond (1) is provided with a limit groove, and two ends of the culture groove (6) are correspondingly clamped in the corresponding limit grooves.

14. Factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein adjacent two sub-culture areas are separated by said partition (9).

15. Factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the end of each culture tank (6) is provided with a filter screen (10).

16. Factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the culture tank (6) is a U-shaped tank.

17. Factory pearl culture equipment according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the width of the culture tank (6) is 12-15 cm.

18. The industrial pearl culture device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the distance between two adjacent U-shaped culture grooves is 15 to 25 cm.

19. A method for pearl culture using the factory-like pearl culture equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 18, comprising the steps of:

S1, constructing a culture pond, and installing a plurality of culture tanks (6) in the culture pond;

S2, breeding pearl mussels in the breeding tanks (6), and restraining the pearl mussels in the corresponding sub-breeding areas through ropes, wherein the density of the pearl mussels bred in each breeding tank is 2-4 per meter;

s3, circulating the water in the culture tank once every 2-5 days after stocking, and periodically cleaning excrement.

20. The method for pearl culture using an industrial pearl culture facility according to claim 19, wherein in step S3, the excrement is collected and sent to the cultivation of unicellular algae, and selenium amino acid chelate is added to the culture solution, and then the solution is fed into the culture tank (6).

21. The method for cultivating pearls with industrial pearl culture equipment according to claim 20, wherein the selenium amino acid chelate is added in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 0.5g/m in the water for carrying out the year.

22. The method for pearl culture by using industrial pearl culture equipment according to claim 19, wherein the excrement is cleaned once in 5-10 days.

Technical Field

The invention relates to factory pearl culture equipment and a culture method, and belongs to the technical field of pearl culture.

Background

Pond culture is the main form of the traditional Chinese fresh water pearl culture and the main source of pearl product supply. However, pond culture is limited by land area and geographical conditions, culture indexes such as water quality, water temperature, salinity and baits in the culture process are difficult to control, and excessive fertilization easily causes serious pollution to water environment, so that the problems of culture area shrinkage, low pearl quality and the like which seriously affect the pearl culture industry are generated.

With the deterioration of the mariculture environment, the seashore beach and the shallow sea are no longer the only places for culturing pearls, and the factory culture of pearls is a good option.

Chinese patent application CN201310386319.8 discloses an industrial pearl culture system, which comprises a pump house, an algae culture pond, a seawater filter pond, a fresh water filter pond and a pearl culture pond, wherein pearl shell seedlings are put in the pearl culture pond, filtered seawater meeting seawater salinity, pH value and temperature is injected into the pearl culture pond through a pipeline, seawater with algae is also injected into the pearl culture pond through a pipeline, and the pearl shell is cultured by the algae.

chinese patent CN201320756818.7 discloses an industrial freshwater pearl culture system, which comprises a culture pond, a water purification system, an electrolytic tank, a water storage tank, an ozone generator and an oxygen generator, wherein the water purification system is a four-stage water purification system, and comprises a first water purification tank, a second water purification tank, a third water purification tank and a fourth water purification tank.

Chinese patent CN201410277123X discloses an indoor farming system of pearl factory, it is including breeding room and cistern, wherein breed the indoor breed pond unit that is equipped with a plurality of layering superpositions of breeding, it is equipped with the breed frame to breed the interior suspension of pond unit, each breed pond unit gathers through the pipeline and connects the cistern, each breed pond unit gathers with the cistern through supply line and return water pipeline respectively and links to each other, the supply line is equipped with water supply control valve and water supply pump, the return water pipeline is equipped with return water control valve, filter equipment and return water pump, still be equipped with the PH sensor in the cistern, ammonia nitrogen value sensor, a weighing sensor and a temperature sensor, PH value adjusting device, ammonia nitrogen adjusting device, temperature adjusting device. The three-dimensional modular culture of the culture pond is realized, but the conditions that the activity space among a plurality of pearl mussels in each independent culture frame is small, snatching occurs and the like exist, the living state of each pearl mussel is inconvenient to observe, once the pearl mussels in a certain layer of culture pond are diseased and the pearl mussels in other layers of culture pond units are normal, cross infection is easily caused, and meanwhile, for the pearl mussels at the bottom layer, the sun cannot be exposed, so that the quality is influenced.

Chinese patent application CN2015103551087 discloses a pearl culture device suitable for batch production is bred, it is including breeding aeration equipment, the sedimentation tank, microbial flocculant adds the device, the purification tank, wherein breed in the pond and be close to middle part level and set up first filter screen, it is divided into a plurality of culture space that have opening up by the filter plate of a plurality of vertical settings, place a pearl mussel at every filter space, make full use of the space, can not cause the density of pearl mussel too high yet, the filter screen can carry out corresponding deformation along with the flow of water simultaneously, reduce the stress that it received, utilize the nutrient substance in aquatic again. The method is characterized in that the pearl mussels are cultured in a small space, so that the pearl mussels are cultured in a small space, and the quality of the pearls is affected.

chinese patent application CN201710751914.5 and CN201721090153.5 disclose a factory-like freshwater pearl culture system, which comprises a culture unit, a culture pond, a drainage purification system, a water supply system, a suspension fixing support, a culture bag device and a lifting mechanism, wherein a plurality of culture pond is transversely arranged on the culture unit, the lower part of the culture pond is communicated with the drainage purification system, the water supply system is communicated with the culture pond, the suspension fixing support is arranged above the culture unit, the lifting mechanism is arranged in the culture pond, the lifting mechanism is matched with the culture bag device, the lifting mechanism is provided with a first lifting mechanism and a second lifting mechanism, the first lifting mechanism and the second lifting mechanism are respectively connected with a traction cable, and the end part of the traction cable is connected to the suspension fixing support.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide the factory pearl culture equipment and the culture method, and the culture equipment has more reasonable design and higher culture benefit.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

An industrial pearl culture device comprises a culture pond, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the culture pond is provided with the water inlet and the water outlet; the structure of the pearl mussel cultivation pond is characterized in that a plurality of cultivation grooves are formed in the cultivation pond, a plurality of sub cultivation areas are formed in each cultivation groove, and ropes for restraining the pearl mussels in the corresponding sub cultivation areas are fixed on the wall of each cultivation groove.

Therefore, the pearl mussels are restrained in the corresponding sub-cultivation areas, so that the pearl mussels can be prevented from mutually contacting and robbing food and cross-infecting germs, and the cultivation benefit is improved.

according to the embodiment of the invention, the invention can be further optimized, and the following is the technical scheme formed after optimization:

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the culture pond has at least two layers, and the water outlet of the upper layer is used as the water inlet of the lower layer. The multi-layer culture pond can obviously increase the culture amount of unit floor area. In order to facilitate the pearl mussels in the culture pond of each layer to shine the sun, the culture ponds of the two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered way, namely the culture pond of the next layer can extend out relative to the culture pond of the previous layer to ensure that the culture pond of the next layer is empty. Therefore, a light-seeing surface is formed on the hollow surface, so that the pearl mussel can be conveniently irradiated by sunlight.

In order to fully utilize the culture space, the plurality of culture grooves in each culture pond are divided into at least two layers, and the culture grooves of the two adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner. The staggered arrangement can ensure that the pearl mussels are sunned to the sun, is convenient for observing the activity condition of each pearl mussel and controls the disease condition in time.

Except for the bottommost culture pond, each culture pond is provided with a group of supporting legs.

The two adjacent layers of culture ponds are connected through a pulley and a slide rail to form a drawer type structure.

In order to facilitate installation and management, a plurality of culture tanks in each culture pond are arranged in parallel.

Based on the needs of convenient water inlet management, be equipped with the inlet tube on the water inlet in every breed pond, be equipped with the distributing pipe on this inlet tube, be equipped with many spinal branchs pipe on the distributing pipe, every spinal branch pipe corresponds the setting and is being held at the intaking of breeding the groove. Therefore, water can be supplied to each culture tank through the uniform water inlet pipe.

In order to facilitate water circulation, a circulating pump is connected between the water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe arranged on the water outlet.

in order to facilitate the water flow and avoid the formation of dead water, the culture tank is obliquely arranged, and the water inlet end of the culture tank is higher than the water outlet end. Therefore, water flows along the culture groove in an inclined mode, water flow in natural rivers is simulated, water bodies form micro flow, extra oxygen increasing is not needed, and oxygen increasing cost is reduced.

According to an embodiment of the invention, one end of the rope is fixed on the wall of the culture tank, and the other end is fixed on the clam shell of the pearl mussel. The cord used in the present invention is preferably a bungee cord.

In order to promote the water in the culture tank to flow with the water in the culture pond, a plurality of holes are formed in the wall of the culture tank and are communicated with the culture tank and the culture pond.

the wall surface of the culture pond is provided with a limit groove, and two ends of the culture groove are correspondingly clamped in the corresponding limit grooves.

In order to separate the two adjacent sub-cultivation areas and avoid mutual snatching of pearl mussels, the two adjacent sub-cultivation areas are separated by the partition plate. Thus, the activity space of each pearl mussel is isolated by the partition board

In order to prevent the pearl mussels from escaping, a filter screen is arranged at the end part of each culture groove.

Preferably, the culture tank is a U-shaped tank. The width of the culture tank is 12-15 cm. The distance between two adjacent U-shaped culture tanks at the left and the right is 15-25 cm.

Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a method for culturing pearls by using the factory pearl culture equipment, which comprises the following steps:

S1, constructing a culture pond, and installing a plurality of culture tanks in the culture pond;

S2, breeding pearl mussels in the breeding tanks, and restraining the pearl mussels in the corresponding sub-breeding areas through ropes, wherein the density of the pearl mussels bred in each breeding tank is 2-4 per meter;

s3, circulating the water in the culture tank once every 2-5 days after stocking, and periodically cleaning excrement.

In step S3, the excreta is collected and sent to the culture of the unicellular algae, and the selenium chelate with amino acid is added to the culture solution, which is then put into the culture tank. Therefore, the unicellular algae can purify water on one hand and can be used as the bait of the pearl mussel on the other hand.

generally, the selenium amino acid chelate is added in an amount of 0.1-0.5g/m of the water for cultivation in thin-walled trees.

Generally, the excrement is cleaned once in 5-10 days.

the pearl factory culture equipment comprises a culture pond, wherein a water inlet pipe is pre-buried in the upper part of one side wall of the culture pond, a water outlet pipe is pre-buried in the bottom of the other side wall of the culture pond, and valves are fixed on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe respectively, and the equipment is characterized in that the water inlet pipe is connected with a distribution pipe, the distribution pipe is equidistantly and threadedly connected with a plurality of branch pipes, the branch pipes are communicated with the distribution pipe, and the inner diameter of each branch pipe is 1/5-1/4; a U-shaped culture groove is arranged in the culture pond and corresponds to the position of each branch pipe, the pipe orifice of each branch pipe is positioned in one end of the corresponding U-shaped culture groove, and the two ends of each U-shaped culture groove are clamped in limit grooves preset on the two side walls of the culture pond; a plurality of pearl mussels are placed in each U-shaped culture groove, a hole is pre-drilled in the shell of each pearl mussel, an elastic rope is tied on the hole, and the other end of the elastic rope is fixed on the wall of the U-shaped culture groove.

The pearl factory culture method is mainly realized through the following aspects:

(1) Constructing a breeding device: building a culture pond, presetting limiting grooves for arranging U-shaped culture grooves on two side walls of the culture pond, embedding a plurality of branch pipes in the culture pond, connecting the branch pipes with distribution pipes through threads, fixing the distribution pipes on the outer wall of the culture pond, then installing the U-shaped culture grooves, screwing screws on the groove walls on one sides of the U-shaped culture grooves, and connecting the screws with nuts through threads;

(2) Stocking: selecting a pearl mussel variety, then conveniently punching holes in the pearl mussel shell, and punching an elastic rope in each hole, wherein one end of the elastic rope is tied to the hole, and the other end of the elastic rope is tied to the screw; generally, 2-4 pearl mussels per m are placed in each U-shaped culture tank;

(3) Cultivation management: before stocking, the culture ponds are disinfected according to a conventional method, and a circulating pump and a filtering device are connected between a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of each culture pond or the water inlet pipe at the uppermost layer is communicated with the water outlet pipe at the lowermost layer through the circulating pump and the filtering device.

After stocking, the circulating pump is started once every 2 to 5 days, and is started for 2 to 3 hours each time.

and (3) cleaning excrement in the U-shaped culture tank regularly, collecting the excrement, conveying the excrement to the culture of the unicellular algae, and adding 0.1-0.5g/m of selenium amino acid chelate into the culture of the unicellular algae for carrying out the water cultivation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The U-shaped cultivation tank is adopted to cultivate the pearl mussels, so that the moving range of the pearl mussels is expanded, the immunity and the secretion of the pearl mussels are effectively improved, and the quality of the pearls is improved.

2. The pearl mussels are limited in a certain range in the U-shaped culture groove through the elastic ropes, so that the pearl mussels are effectively prevented from escaping.

3, the U-shaped culture tank can fully ensure that the pearl mussels are sunned, the quality of pearls is improved, meanwhile, the activity condition of each pearl mussel is convenient to observe, and the state of an illness is controlled in time.

4. The branch pipes and the culture tanks are obliquely arranged in the culture process, so that the water body of the U-shaped culture tank forms micro flow, additional oxygen aeration is not needed, and the oxygen aeration cost is reduced.

5. The upper and lower layers of U-shaped culture grooves are distributed in a staggered manner, about 4000 pearl mussels can be cultured per mu, and the conventional pearl mussel suspension culture density is 220 pearl mussels suspended from 120 pearl mussels per 100m, namely about 1500 pearl mussels suspended from 120 pearl mussels per mu at most, which is remarkably increased in culture quantity.

6. The cultivation tank can ensure that the pearl mussels are sunned, and experiments prove that the cultivation survival rate is improved by about 15 percent compared with the conventional box type cultivation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiments 1,3 and 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic half-sectional view of the cultivation tank according to the embodiment 1,3,4 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic half-sectional view of the culture tank according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a culture tank in embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.